A kind of electric substation automation systemTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of electric power network system Substation control, specifically, is a kind of electric substation automation system.
Background technology
Transformer station is the important step of electrical power trans mission/distribution system; traditional Substation secondary circuit part is made up of relaying protection, local monitoring, telemechanical apparatus, failure wave-recording and range finding, direct current system and insulation monitoring and all kinds of device such as to communicate. and they adopt independently device to complete self function and equal self-organizing system separately; inevitably produce function between all kinds of device thus mutually to cover; parts repeated configuration, consumes a large amount of connecting lines and cable.Maintenance workload is large simultaneously, and equipment dependability is poor, is unfavorable for improving operation and management level and automatization level; Be not suitable with the requirement that electric power system calculates fast and controls in real time.The requirement reducing transformer station's cost and improve its safe and economical operation cannot be met.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists; the present invention proposes a kind of electric substation automation system; electric substation automation system by the secondary device (comprising measuring instrument, signal system, relaying protection, automatics and telemechanical apparatus etc.) of transformer station through the combination of function and optimal design; utilize advanced computer technology, the modern electronic technology communication technology and signal processing technology; realize the automatic monitoring to the capital equipment of full transformer station and defeated, distribution line, measurement, automatically to control and Microcomputer Protection, and the comprehensive automation function such as to communicate with control centre.
By electric substation automation system by function and logic communication abstract be 3 layer architectures: substation level, wall, process layer.
Process layer is the faying face of primary equipment and secondary device, and the major function of process layer is divided three classes:
(1) real time execution electric parameters detects.The mainly detection of electric current, voltage, phase place and harmonic component, other electric parameters such as meritorious, idle, electric flux obtain by the equipment computing of wall.Gather analog signal by the collection of digital quantity, dynamic property is good, strong anti-interference performance;
(2) operational outfit state-detection.Transformer station needs the equipment carrying out state parameter detection to mainly contain transformer, circuit breaker, isolating switch, bus, capacitor, reactor and DC power system etc.The content of on-line checkingi mainly contains the data such as temperature, pressure, density, insulation, mechanical property and operating state;
(3) operation control command performs.The execution of operation control command comprises load tap changer regulable control, electric capacity, the control of reactor switching, circuit breaker, isolating switch deciliter control and the control of DC power supply impulse electricity etc.;
The major function of wall is: gather this interval procedure layer real time data information; Implement the protecting control function to primary equipment; Implement this interval operation blocking function; The implementation and operation same period and other controlling functions; To data acquisition, statistical calculation and sending of control command, there is priority level control; Perform the communications function of forming a connecting link of data, complete at a high speed the network communicating function with process layer and substation level simultaneously.
The major function of substation level is: the real time data information being gathered full station by network, refreshes real-time data base, upgrades historical data base; By the dispatching of power netwoks of relevant data direct information or control centre: receive dispatching of power netwoks or control centre's relevant controlling order and turn wall, process layer performs; There is the full station operation locking controlling functions of online programmable; There is local monitoring, human-computer interaction function in station; There is the function etc. of the on-line maintenance to wall, process layer devices, online configuration, online modification parameter.
Transformer station's bus is used for substation level and interval interlayer communication, and process bus is used for wall and process interlayer communication, adopts the sampled value transmission of process bus based on Ethernet mode.Sampled value transmission can be divided into two types: client/server service and sampled value service.Client/server service realizes the operation to sampled value controll block, and belong to the transfer of data after processing sampled value, time requirement is relatively low, is mapped to by SCSM the TCP/IP Ethernet that application layer is MMS.Sampled value service realizes the operation to multicasting sampled value class model and clean culture sampled value class model, belongs to original data transmissions, requires strict, map directly to ethernet link layer by ASDU to the transmission time.
General substation time class model comprises general object-oriented transformer substation case and general substation state event two controls class.General object-oriented transformer substation case is exchanged by the interior on a large scale common data of data set organization for supporting.Information is changed owing to comprising quantity of state in general object-oriented transformer substation case, and the time that last quantity of state changes, therefore general object-oriented transformer substation case needs transmission speed faster, and in transmitting procedure, general object-oriented transformer substation case maps directly to link layer protocol data unit.General substation state event model is similar to general object-oriented transformer substation case model, and the type of just information exchange is different, and general substation state event is for transmitting simple state information list.General substation state event adopts its distinctive protocol stack, and application layer is mapped to MMS, and lower floor adopts connectionless network protocol, takes the transmission mode of broadcast or multicasting to carry out transfer of data.
Electric substation automation system network service comprises: use the Real Data Exchangs that MMS carries out as network application-level protocol.The non-real-time data undertaken by http, xml, web browser is exchanged.Adopt the Real Data Exchangs of single point-to-multipoint one-way transmission Ethernet.
The major function of comprehensive automation system of transformer substation comprises:
(1) Microcomputer Protection function
Comprise route protection, protection for feed line (band one or many reclosing function), bus protection, tranformer protection, electricity
Container is protected, automatic closing, low-frequency load reduction etc.
(2) data acquisition
Acquisition state amount, analog quantity and pulsed quantity etc.;
1. quantity of state collection
Comprise circuit-breaker status, isolating switch state, grounding switch state, load tap changer position etc., these signal major parts adopt the switching value interrupting input of Phototube Coupling mode.Adopt two-position contact to gather to important quantity of state (as circuit breaker position), to ensure correctly to reflect circuit breaker position, prevent the inefficacy of relay contact and shake and the state caused is reported by mistake;
2. analog acquisition
To sample each section of busbar voltage, the electric current in each line loop and performance number; The non-electrical parameter such as temperature, pressure of the electrical parameter such as mains frequency and phase place and transformer.Electrical parameter adopts AC sampling in automated system, directly gathers the alternating-current parameter provided by current transformer and voltage transformer, adopts transmitter and A/D mapping mode to the collection of non-electrical parameter;
3. electric energy acquisition
Comprise active energy and reactive energy data, and the functions such as timesharing is cumulative, electric energy balance can be realized;
(3) logout and failure wave-recording
Logout comprises protection act sequential recording, and switch is jumped and closed record, and when occurring electric network fault (as ground short circuit fault), the waveform of a period of time before and after energy record trouble, for analysis.
(4) adjust protection definite value in a distant place
To each protective device, can one or more groups protection definite value be set in local or a distant place, and can at local or distant place display, switching setting value.
(5) control and operate
Can to circuit breaker, isolating switch point, close and operate, regulable control is carried out to load tap changer, Capacitor banks is changed and cuts.
To control and operation can the display of background monitoring system in control centre in the distance or transformer station and keyboard say the word, also can at the enterprising line operate of device panel, to ensure the higher use flexibility of system.Control and operate also should comprise locking and anti-error function.
(6) voltage automatically regulate, capacitor automatic switching and automatic closing
Automatically load tap changer position or switched capacitor is regulated by system voltage and power factor change.After main power supply lost efficacy, alternate power autocast.
(7) with remote dispatching center to center communications
Realize the remote measurement of the routine of telemechanical apparatus, remote signalling, remote control and remote regulating four remote control function, the digital quantity and the quantity of state that are about to collection are sent to control centre in real time, and accept control and the adjustment operation order of higher level control centre.If there is accident to occur, occur as the accident such as switch changed position or digital quantity is out-of-limit time then insert preferential transmission, report to the police to control centre in time.In addition failure wave-recording and other relay protection informations are sent to control centre, accept the order etc. of the amendment relay protection setting value sent control centre simultaneously.Transfer pipe can be power carrier, microwave, optical fiber or designated lane.
(8) data processing and statistic record
System processes gathering the quantity of state, digital quantity and the pulsed quantity that come by the requirement of regulation, is sent to background computer and the higher level control centre of local supervisory control system.These data comprise: the electric current of power transmission line, active power, reactive power, busbar voltage etc.; Breaker actuation number of times etc.
(9) human-computer interaction function
The human-computer interaction interface of operating personnel is indicator screen and keyboard or Genius mouse; following major function can be realized: screen can show various picture, data and form; comprise main wiring diagram, on off state, Power Flow Information, alarm screen, accident record, load curve; the configuration of system and working condition, protection seting value, day operation form etc., and display frame and the print record of form copy can be got off.
Implement a distant place to control and operation, the input of protective device and exit, the operation, load tap changer Position Control etc. of circuit breaker and isolating switch.
Input or Update Table, what the setting of the password of remote operation, the code of operating personnel, protection definite value and amendment, alarming value setting and amendment, a distant place/locality operated is arranged.The diagnosis self-detection result of each equipment of display system.
(10) the self diagnosis measuring ability of system
Each device such as protective device, data acquisition unit, the control device etc. of system all have self-diagnostic function, and diagnostic result periodically send background computer and the remote dispatching center of local supervisory control system.
Transformer station comprises ten data-interfaces:
Interface one is for exchange protection data between wall and substation level, and interface six is for exchanging control data between wall and substation level, and wall comprises with communicating of substation level: a. measures and state information.Measured value normally and under accident conditions and calculated value, circuit breaker, isolating switch, main transformer position of tapping switch, each wall running status, protection act information etc.B. operation information.Circuit breaker and isolating switch point, close order, the adjustment of main transformer tap joint position, the input of automatics with exit.C. parameter information.The setting value etc. of Microcomputer Protection and automatics.
Interface two for exchange protection data between wall and Remote protection, the analog signal between local and remote station Relay Protection Unit or the data flow of binary signal.
Interface three is for swap data in wall; the equipment of wall has control survey unit and/or Relay Protection Unit; namely communication in wall be the data flow between relaying protection and control, supervision, measurement, or the data flow of two or more relay protection function/equipment room.Comprise the running status, synchronized sampling information etc. of measurement data, circuit-breaker status, device.
Interface four for electric current between process layer and wall and voltage transient exchanges data, interface five for exchanging control data between process layer and wall, the data flow between the intelligent sensor and actuator of wall and high pressure primary equipment.The equipment great majority of wall need magnitude of voltage and accident conditions normal from the potential and current transformers collection of process layer and current value, the state information of collecting device and failure diagnosis information, these information comprise: circuit breaker and isolating switch position, main transformer tap joint position, the diagnostic message of transformer, instrument transformer, lightning arrester and breaker operator information.
Interface seven is for the swapping data of substation level and distant place engineer station.
Interface eight is for the swapping data of wall, and the exchanges data between different interval layer has: master, backup relaying operating state, interlocking, relevant protection act locking, the information such as VQC.
Interface nine for the swapping data of substation level, the communication between the distinct device of substation level, according to the task of equipment and the feature of function, the metrical information needed for transmission, state information and operational order etc.
Interface ten is for exchanging control data between substation level and distant place engineer station, and center, a distant place is one and has the fixing link-attached network control center, or has the maintenance center of the dial-up link by public network.Event is by an external clock or the clock be integrated in system and transformer substation synchronous.
The message of substation communication Internet Transmission comprises:
(1) rapid message
The type message is generally a little simple binary coding, comprises data, order or simple message etc., as tripping operation, combined floodgate, coincidence, startup, stopping, locking, unblock, triggering, releasing, state variation.After reception IED receives this message under normal circumstances, made an immediate response in some way by the correlation function receiving the type message;
General object message towards transformer substation case belongs to rapid message.General object message towards transformer substation case comprises that spacing devices issues switch that the order such as protection exit action message, tripping operation, combined floodgate, locking of process device and process device send to spacing devices deciliter, equipment throw move back, tap_changing, the information such as gear switch;
(2) middling speed message
Comprise the markers that a transmit leg is arranged in message, under normal circumstances, through internal time delay, recipient responds, and calculates according to the markers in message.The remote measurement comprising monitoring host computer poll or the spacing devices cycle is sent, remote signalling message, the event report that spacing devices send in monitoring host computer active or equipment state message;
(3) low speed message
To comprise when needing the complicated message of target, for transmission events record, reading or change set point value, automatically to control and the general display of some system datas at a slow speed.During the band of Normal Alarm/event handling, target is reported to the police and the message such as non-electrical measurement of event, temperature and so on belongs to the type;
(4) initial data message
This type of message comprises the output data of digital sensor and digital instrument transformer, and data are made up of the continuous print synchronous data flow from each IED;
Sampled value message transmission is initial data message.The digital quantity that sampled value message transmission is formed after the analogue value that electric current, voltage transformer secondary export is carried out A/D conversion is the basis of the functions such as protection, observing and controlling.Sampled value message transmission periodically transmits;
(5) file transfer message
Message is used for the large data files such as transmission log, information purpose data, definite value;
(6) time synchronized message
Message is used for the internal clocking of IED in synchronous electric substation automation system.The timing tracking accuracy of different stage is required according to event markers or initial data sampling precision.Server is by receiving gps signal or the atomic clock that the carries time reference as system, and the Time Service that client computer is provided by regular visit server obtains correct time information, adjusts the system clock of oneself, reaches the object of network time synchronization;
(7) access control command message
Message is for transmitting control command, and control command is by requiring that the Local or Remote human interface function of higher-security sends;
The operations staff of supervisory control system in transformer station, make operations staff by realizing supervision, the operation such as measurement and remote control in whole power station to the operation of computer, improve the reliability of substation operation, economy and ease for maintenance, make operator on duty and system coordinator hold the initiative of security control, accident treatment, reduce and avoid misoperation, erroneous judgement etc.Supervisory control system comprises;
(1) real-time data acquisition and process
This function comprises: the information such as analog quantity, switching value, electricity, protection act gathering each protection unit in transformer station, and the information of some other multifunction instrument, and ensure constantly to be upgraded fast, system is responded fast to various event; Data message is carried out to the preliminary treatment of some necessity, as the parsing to communication protocol, data message classification, upgrade database;
(2) in-service monitoring
In-service monitoring mainly carries out real-time supervision to the running status of various electric equipment in station, system primary connection circuit figure shows the various status datas such as the voltage of each electric equipment, electric current, frequency and on off state in real time, exactly the data message of collection is showed to operations staff with the interface of close friend;
Supervision content comprises:
1) the real-time electric parameter of substation bus arrangement figure, Real-time Collection and calculating is shown.On electric main wiring diagram, circuit breaker is corresponding with real-time status with the position of isolation switch.System Real-time Collection and the presence parameter etc. of the voltage, electric current, active energy, reactive energy, power factor, frequency and the various process layer smart machine that calculate, show over the display in real time;
2) Realtime Alerts display.As shown protection act, out-of-limit event, comprise alert event and content etc.;
3) sequence of events recording display.The content that occurs of presented event and the time in order;
4) the set point display of definite value and measure and control device is protected;
5) various historical data curvilinear trend display.As shown busbar voltage curve, handing over depressor load curve etc.;
6) other data display.Comprise form, failure logging, equipment operation condition etc.;
(3) control is run;
There is provided the control inerface of convenient close friend, operations staff can be calibrated protection standby in station and measuring unit, issue protection definite value and deciliter circuit breaker, regulate load tap changer, carry out the operations such as switching control to capacitor by keyboard or mouse.Straighforward operation order can be accepted simultaneously, carry out remote operation;
(4) historgraphic data recording and inquiry
By analog quantity, switching value, the electricity of each protection unit of collection, and the information during system cloud gray model, as the operation note etc. of sequence of event, failure wave-recording, operations staff, be regularly saved in historical data base.And classified index is carried out to it, to facilitate inquiry;
(5) with higher level's dispatching communication
The data message that the various devices in station provide, consolidation becomes communication packet as required. and upload when higher level's scheduling needs, the order of higher level's dispatching down distributing is accepted, resolves and complete.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural framing figure of a kind of electric substation automation system of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1; a kind of electric substation automation system; electric substation automation system by the secondary device (comprising measuring instrument, signal system, relaying protection, automatics and telemechanical apparatus etc.) of transformer station through the combination of function and optimal design; utilize advanced computer technology, the modern electronic technology communication technology and signal processing technology; realize the automatic monitoring to the capital equipment of full transformer station and defeated, distribution line, measurement, automatically to control and Microcomputer Protection, and the comprehensive automation function such as to communicate with control centre.
By electric substation automation system by function and logic communication abstract be 3 layer architectures: substation level, wall, process layer.
Process layer is the faying face of primary equipment and secondary device, and the major function of process layer is divided three classes:
(1) real time execution electric parameters detects.The mainly detection of electric current, voltage, phase place and harmonic component, other electric parameters such as meritorious, idle, electric flux obtain by the equipment computing of wall.Gather analog signal by the collection of digital quantity, dynamic property is good, strong anti-interference performance;
(2) operational outfit state-detection.Transformer station needs the equipment carrying out state parameter detection to mainly contain transformer, circuit breaker, isolating switch, bus, capacitor, reactor and DC power system etc.The content of on-line checkingi mainly contains the data such as temperature, pressure, density, insulation, mechanical property and operating state;
(3) operation control command performs.The execution of operation control command comprises load tap changer regulable control, electric capacity, the control of reactor switching, circuit breaker, isolating switch deciliter control and the control of DC power supply impulse electricity etc.;
The major function of wall is: gather this interval procedure layer real time data information; Implement the protecting control function to primary equipment; Implement this interval operation blocking function; The implementation and operation same period and other controlling functions; To data acquisition, statistical calculation and sending of control command, there is priority level control; Perform the communications function of forming a connecting link of data, complete at a high speed the network communicating function with process layer and substation level simultaneously.
The major function of substation level is: the real time data information being gathered full station by network, refreshes real-time data base, upgrades historical data base; By the dispatching of power netwoks of relevant data direct information or control centre: receive dispatching of power netwoks or control centre's relevant controlling order and turn wall, process layer performs; There is the full station operation locking controlling functions of online programmable; There is local monitoring, human-computer interaction function in station; There is the function etc. of the on-line maintenance to wall, process layer devices, online configuration, online modification parameter.
Transformer station's bus is used for substation level and interval interlayer communication, and process bus is used for wall and process interlayer communication, adopts the sampled value transmission of process bus based on Ethernet mode.Sampled value transmission can be divided into two types: client/server service and sampled value service.Client/server service realizes the operation to sampled value controll block, and belong to the transfer of data after processing sampled value, time requirement is relatively low, is mapped to by SCSM the TCP/IP Ethernet that application layer is MMS.Sampled value service realizes the operation to multicasting sampled value class model and clean culture sampled value class model, belongs to original data transmissions, requires strict, map directly to ethernet link layer by ASDU to the transmission time.
General substation time class model comprises general object-oriented transformer substation case and general substation state event two controls class.General object-oriented transformer substation case is exchanged by the interior on a large scale common data of data set organization for supporting.Information is changed owing to comprising quantity of state in general object-oriented transformer substation case, and the time that last quantity of state changes, therefore general object-oriented transformer substation case needs transmission speed faster, and in transmitting procedure, general object-oriented transformer substation case maps directly to link layer protocol data unit.General substation state event model is similar to general object-oriented transformer substation case model, and the type of just information exchange is different, and general substation state event is for transmitting simple state information list.General substation state event adopts its distinctive protocol stack, and application layer is mapped to MMS, and lower floor adopts connectionless network protocol, takes the transmission mode of broadcast or multicasting to carry out transfer of data.
Electric substation automation system network service comprises: use the Real Data Exchangs that MMS carries out as network application-level protocol.The non-real-time data undertaken by http, xml, web browser is exchanged.Adopt the Real Data Exchangs of single point-to-multipoint one-way transmission Ethernet.
The major function of comprehensive automation system of transformer substation comprises:
(1) Microcomputer Protection function
Comprise route protection, protection for feed line (band one or many reclosing function), bus protection, tranformer protection, electricity
Container is protected, automatic closing, low-frequency load reduction etc.;
(2) data acquisition
Acquisition state amount, analog quantity and pulsed quantity etc.;
1. quantity of state collection
Comprise circuit-breaker status, isolating switch state, grounding switch state, load tap changer position etc., these signal major parts adopt the switching value interrupting input of Phototube Coupling mode.Adopt two-position contact to gather to important quantity of state (as circuit breaker position), to ensure correctly to reflect circuit breaker position, prevent the inefficacy of relay contact and shake and the state caused is reported by mistake;
2. analog acquisition
To sample each section of busbar voltage, the electric current in each line loop and performance number; The non-electrical parameter such as temperature, pressure of the electrical parameter such as mains frequency and phase place and transformer.Electrical parameter adopts AC sampling in automated system, directly gathers the alternating-current parameter provided by current transformer and voltage transformer, adopts transmitter and A/D mapping mode to the collection of non-electrical parameter;
3. electric energy acquisition
Comprise active energy and reactive energy data, and the functions such as timesharing is cumulative, electric energy balance can be realized;
(3) logout and failure wave-recording
Logout comprises protection act sequential recording, and switch is jumped and closed record, and when occurring electric network fault (as ground short circuit fault), the waveform of a period of time before and after energy record trouble, for analysis;
(4) adjust protection definite value in a distant place
To each protective device, can one or more groups protection definite value be set in local or a distant place, and can at local or distant place display, switching setting value;
(5) control and operate
Can to circuit breaker, isolating switch point, close and operate, regulable control is carried out to load tap changer, Capacitor banks is changed and cuts;
To control and operation can the display of background monitoring system in control centre in the distance or transformer station and keyboard say the word, also can at the enterprising line operate of device panel, to ensure the higher use flexibility of system.Control and operate also should comprise locking and anti-error function;
(6) voltage automatically regulate, capacitor automatic switching and automatic closing;
Automatically load tap changer position or switched capacitor is regulated by system voltage and power factor change.After main power supply lost efficacy, alternate power autocast;
(7) with remote dispatching center to center communications
Realize the remote measurement of the routine of telemechanical apparatus, remote signalling, remote control and remote regulating four remote control function, the digital quantity and the quantity of state that are about to collection are sent to control centre in real time, and accept control and the adjustment operation order of higher level control centre.If there is accident to occur, occur as the accident such as switch changed position or digital quantity is out-of-limit time then insert preferential transmission, report to the police to control centre in time.In addition failure wave-recording and other relay protection informations are sent to control centre, accept the order etc. of the amendment relay protection setting value sent control centre simultaneously.Transfer pipe can be power carrier, microwave, optical fiber or designated lane;
(8) data processing and statistic record
System processes gathering the quantity of state, digital quantity and the pulsed quantity that come by the requirement of regulation, is sent to background computer and the higher level control centre of local supervisory control system.These data comprise: the electric current of power transmission line, active power, reactive power, busbar voltage etc.; Breaker actuation number of times etc.;
(9) human-computer interaction function
The human-computer interaction interface of operating personnel is indicator screen and keyboard or Genius mouse, following major function can be realized: screen can show various picture, data and form, comprise main wiring diagram, on off state, Power Flow Information, alarm screen, accident record, load curve, the configuration of system and working condition, protection seting value, day operation form etc., and display frame and the print record of form copy can be got off;
Implement a distant place to control and operation, the input of protective device and exit, the operation, load tap changer Position Control etc. of circuit breaker and isolating switch;
Input or Update Table, what the setting of the password of remote operation, the code of operating personnel, protection definite value and amendment, alarming value setting and amendment, a distant place/locality operated is arranged.The diagnosis self-detection result of each equipment of display system;
(10) the self diagnosis measuring ability of system
Each device such as protective device, data acquisition unit, the control device etc. of system all have self-diagnostic function, and diagnostic result periodically send background computer and the remote dispatching center of local supervisory control system;
Transformer station comprises ten data-interfaces
Interface one is for exchange protection data between wall and substation level, and interface six is for exchanging control data between wall and substation level, and wall comprises with communicating of substation level: a. measures and state information.Measured value normally and under accident conditions and calculated value, circuit breaker, isolating switch, main transformer position of tapping switch, each wall running status, protection act information etc.B. operation information.Circuit breaker and isolating switch point, close order, the adjustment of main transformer tap joint position, the input of automatics with exit.C. parameter information.The setting value etc. of Microcomputer Protection and automatics.
Interface two for exchange protection data between wall and Remote protection, the analog signal between local and remote station Relay Protection Unit or the data flow of binary signal.
Interface three is for swap data in wall; the equipment of wall has control survey unit and/or Relay Protection Unit; namely communication in wall be the data flow between relaying protection and control, supervision, measurement, or the data flow of two or more relay protection function/equipment room.Comprise the running status, synchronized sampling information etc. of measurement data, circuit-breaker status, device.
Interface four for electric current between process layer and wall and voltage transient exchanges data, interface five for exchanging control data between process layer and wall, the data flow between the intelligent sensor and actuator of wall and high pressure primary equipment.The equipment great majority of wall need magnitude of voltage and accident conditions normal from the potential and current transformers collection of process layer and current value, the state information of collecting device and failure diagnosis information, these information comprise: circuit breaker and isolating switch position, main transformer tap joint position, the diagnostic message of transformer, instrument transformer, lightning arrester and breaker operator information.
Interface seven is for the swapping data of substation level and distant place engineer station.
Interface eight is for the swapping data of wall, and the exchanges data between different interval layer has: master, backup relaying operating state, interlocking, relevant protection act locking, the information such as VQC.
Interface nine for the swapping data of substation level, the communication between the distinct device of substation level, according to the task of equipment and the feature of function, the metrical information needed for transmission, state information and operational order etc.
Interface ten is for exchanging control data between substation level and distant place engineer station, and center, a distant place is one and has the fixing link-attached network control center, or has the maintenance center of the dial-up link by public network.Event is by an external clock or the clock be integrated in system and transformer substation synchronous.
The message of substation communication Internet Transmission comprises:
(1) rapid message
The type message is generally a little simple binary coding, comprises data, order or simple message etc., as tripping operation, combined floodgate, coincidence, startup, stopping, locking, unblock, triggering, releasing, state variation.After reception IED receives this message under normal circumstances, made an immediate response in some way by the correlation function receiving the type message;
General object message towards transformer substation case belongs to rapid message.General object message towards transformer substation case comprises that spacing devices issues switch that the order such as protection exit action message, tripping operation, combined floodgate, locking of process device and process device send to spacing devices deciliter, equipment throw move back, tap_changing, the information such as gear switch;
(2) middling speed message
Comprise the markers that a transmit leg is arranged in message, under normal circumstances, through internal time delay, recipient responds, and calculates according to the markers in message.The remote measurement comprising monitoring host computer poll or the spacing devices cycle is sent, remote signalling message, the event report that spacing devices send in monitoring host computer active or equipment state message;
(3) low speed message
To comprise when needing the complicated message of target, for transmission events record, reading or change set point value, automatically to control and the general display of some system datas at a slow speed.During the band of Normal Alarm/event handling, target is reported to the police and the message such as non-electrical measurement of event, temperature and so on belongs to the type;
(4) initial data message
This type of message comprises the output data of digital sensor and digital instrument transformer, and data are made up of the continuous print synchronous data flow from each IED;
Sampled value message transmission is initial data message.The digital quantity that sampled value message transmission is formed after the analogue value that electric current, voltage transformer secondary export is carried out A/D conversion is the basis of the functions such as protection, observing and controlling.Sampled value message transmission periodically transmits;
(5) file transfer message
Message is used for the large data files such as transmission log, information purpose data, definite value;
(6) time synchronized message
Message is used for the internal clocking of IED in synchronous electric substation automation system.The timing tracking accuracy of different stage is required according to event markers or initial data sampling precision.Server is by receiving gps signal or the atomic clock that the carries time reference as system, and the Time Service that client computer is provided by regular visit server obtains correct time information, adjusts the system clock of oneself, reaches the object of network time synchronization;
(7) access control command message
Message is for transmitting control command, and control command is by requiring that the Local or Remote human interface function of higher-security sends.
The operations staff of supervisory control system in transformer station, make operations staff by realizing supervision, the operation such as measurement and remote control in whole power station to the operation of computer, improve the reliability of substation operation, economy and ease for maintenance, make operator on duty and system coordinator hold the initiative of security control, accident treatment, reduce and avoid misoperation, erroneous judgement etc.
Supervisory control system comprises
(1) real-time data acquisition and process
This function comprises: the information such as analog quantity, switching value, electricity, protection act gathering each protection unit in transformer station, and the information of some other multifunction instrument, and ensure constantly to be upgraded fast, system is responded fast to various event; Data message is carried out to the preliminary treatment of some necessity, as the parsing to communication protocol, data message classification, upgrade database;
(2) in-service monitoring
In-service monitoring mainly carries out real-time supervision to the running status of various electric equipment in station, system primary connection circuit figure shows the various status datas such as the voltage of each electric equipment, electric current, frequency and on off state in real time, exactly the data message of collection is showed to operations staff with the interface of close friend;
Supervision content comprises:
1) the real-time electric parameter of substation bus arrangement figure, Real-time Collection and calculating is shown.On electric main wiring diagram, circuit breaker is corresponding with real-time status with the position of isolation switch.System Real-time Collection and the presence parameter etc. of the voltage, electric current, active energy, reactive energy, power factor, frequency and the various process layer smart machine that calculate, show over the display in real time;
2) Realtime Alerts display.As shown protection act, out-of-limit event, comprise alert event and content etc.;
3) sequence of events recording display.The content that occurs of presented event and the time in order;
4) the set point display of definite value and measure and control device is protected;
5) various historical data curvilinear trend display.As shown busbar voltage curve, handing over depressor load curve etc.;
6) other data display.Comprise form, failure logging, equipment operation condition etc.;
(3) control is run
There is provided the control inerface of convenient close friend, operations staff can be calibrated protection standby in station and measuring unit, issue protection definite value and deciliter circuit breaker, regulate load tap changer, carry out the operations such as switching control to capacitor by keyboard or mouse.Straighforward operation order can be accepted simultaneously, carry out distant place behaviour;
(4) historgraphic data recording and inquiry
By analog quantity, switching value, the electricity of each protection unit of collection, and the information during system cloud gray model, as the operation note etc. of sequence of event, failure wave-recording, operations staff, be regularly saved in historical data base.And classified index is carried out to it, to facilitate inquiry;
(5) with higher level's dispatching communication
The data message that the various devices in station provide, consolidation becomes communication packet as required. and upload when higher level's scheduling needs, the order of higher level's dispatching down distributing is accepted, resolves and complete;
The foregoing is only of the present invention and be preferably not limited to the present invention, obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.