技术领域technical field
本发明涉及基于光伏背板余热回收的吸收式热泵的复合能量利用装置，属于太阳能光伏发电技术领域。The invention relates to a composite energy utilization device of an absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic backplane waste heat recovery, and belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation.
背景技术Background technique
新能源是二十一世纪世界经济发展中最具决定力的五大技术领域之一。我国具有丰富的太阳能、风能、生物质能、地热能和海洋能等新能源和可再生能源资源，开发利用前景广阔。太阳能是一种清洁、高效和永不衰竭的新能源。在新实际中，各国政府都将太阳能资源利用作为国家可持续发展战略的重要内容。而光伏发电具有安全可靠、无噪声、无污染、制约少、故障率低、维护简便等优点，在我国西部广袤严寒、地形多样和居住分散的现实条件下，有着非常独特的作用。太阳能现在已经有很多应用了，比如说用太阳能电池供电的卫星，太阳能电池飞机，太阳能电池庭院灯，太阳能电池交通信号灯。New energy is one of the five most decisive technological fields in the world economic development in the 21st century. my country is rich in new and renewable energy resources such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and ocean energy, and has broad prospects for development and utilization. Solar energy is a clean, efficient and inexhaustible new energy source. In the new reality, the governments of all countries regard the utilization of solar energy resources as an important content of the national sustainable development strategy. Photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of safety and reliability, no noise, no pollution, less constraints, low failure rate, and easy maintenance. It plays a very unique role in the reality of the vast and cold, diverse terrain and scattered living conditions in western my country. There are many applications of solar energy now, such as satellites powered by solar cells, solar cell aircraft, solar cell garden lights, and solar cell traffic lights.
太阳能光伏技术的发展，主要受太阳能电池光电转换效率的影响。太阳能电池板的转换效率根据生产厂家的不同，也存在很大的差异，一般在10%~20%之间。太阳能光伏效率的低下，直接影响到太阳能的发展与利用。太阳能电池板在太阳辐射的作用下工作时，PV板温度，对太阳能电池板的影响较大。光伏太阳能电池板会因为温度过高而导致效率降低。对于一个标准的光伏面板，温度每上升1摄氏度，效率将下降0.5％。综上所述，太阳能电池板目前存在一些缺点：太阳能电池板的转换效率低，制约着太阳能技术的推展利用；太阳能PV板，在长时间接受光照作用时，表面的温度较高，制约太阳能电池板的转换效率；单独的光伏发电存在着光伏发电成本高、缺乏技术的相融合；光伏热技术的发展不成熟等缺陷。The development of solar photovoltaic technology is mainly affected by the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells. The conversion efficiency of solar panels varies greatly depending on the manufacturer, generally between 10% and 20%. The low efficiency of solar photovoltaic directly affects the development and utilization of solar energy. When the solar panel works under the action of solar radiation, the temperature of the PV panel has a great influence on the solar panel. Photovoltaic solar panels lose efficiency due to excessive temperature. For a standard photovoltaic panel, the efficiency will drop by 0.5% for every 1 degree Celsius increase in temperature. To sum up, solar panels currently have some shortcomings: the conversion efficiency of solar panels is low, which restricts the promotion and utilization of solar technology; The conversion efficiency of the panels; independent photovoltaic power generation has defects such as high cost of photovoltaic power generation, lack of technology integration, and immature development of photovoltaic thermal technology.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供的基于光伏背板余热回收的吸收式热泵的复合能量利用装置，不仅回收了利用光伏电池板的高温热源，且有效地降低了太阳能电池板的温度，提高太阳能的发电转换效率，从而提高光伏组件综合利用效率。The composite energy utilization device of the absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic backplane waste heat recovery provided by the present invention not only recycles the high-temperature heat source of the photovoltaic panel, but also effectively reduces the temperature of the solar panel and improves the conversion efficiency of solar energy, thereby Improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of photovoltaic modules.
基于光伏背板余热回收的吸收式热泵的复合能量利用装置，包括光伏热耦合装置、热泵回路和水冷回路，其中，The composite energy utilization device of absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic backplane waste heat recovery, including photovoltaic thermal coupling device, heat pump circuit and water cooling circuit, among them,
所述热泵回路包括发生器、吸收器、第一液泵、第一节流阀和热交换器，所述吸收器吸收来自光伏热耦合装置低压水蒸气通过第一液泵经热交换器运送到发生器中，所述发生器中的吸收液经热交换器通过第一节流阀运送到吸收器中；The heat pump circuit includes a generator, an absorber, a first liquid pump, a first throttle valve and a heat exchanger, and the absorber absorbs low-pressure water vapor from the photovoltaic thermal coupling device and transports it to the In the generator, the absorption liquid in the generator is transported to the absorber through the heat exchanger through the first throttling valve;
所述水冷回路包括冷凝器、热水箱、第二节流阀、冷水箱、第二液泵和第三节流阀，所述热泵回路中发生器出来的水蒸气进入冷凝器中，所述冷凝器、热水箱、第二节流阀、冷水箱和第二液泵按顺序连接，并形成回路，所述第三节流阀设置在冷凝器与液泵相连的一端，用于连接光伏热耦合装置。The water cooling circuit includes a condenser, a hot water tank, a second throttle valve, a cold water tank, a second liquid pump and a third throttle valve. The water vapor from the generator in the heat pump circuit enters the condenser, and the The condenser, the hot water tank, the second throttle valve, the cold water tank and the second liquid pump are connected in sequence to form a circuit. The third throttle valve is set at the end where the condenser is connected to the liquid pump and is used to connect the photovoltaic thermal coupling device.
优选地，所述光伏热耦合装置包括太阳能电池板、保温一体板、耦合式半埋入导管网、保温棉、进口和出口，所述耦合式半埋入导管网一侧与所述太阳能电池板贴合，另一侧与所述保温一体板的一侧贴合，所述保温棉铺设在保温一体板另一侧的表面，所述进口和出口分别设置在耦合式半埋入导管网的对角处。Preferably, the photovoltaic thermal coupling device includes a solar cell panel, an integrated thermal insulation board, a coupled semi-buried conduit network, thermal insulation cotton, an inlet and an outlet, and one side of the coupled semi-buried conduit network is connected to the solar cell panel. The other side is attached to one side of the thermal insulation integrated board, the thermal insulation cotton is laid on the surface of the other side of the thermal insulation integrated board, and the inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the opposite side of the coupled semi-buried conduit network. corner.
优选地，所述热泵回路采用的制冷剂为水，吸收剂为溴化锂。Preferably, the refrigerant used in the heat pump circuit is water, and the absorbent is lithium bromide.
优选地，所述热水箱上设有热水出口，所述冷水箱上设有冷水入口。Preferably, the hot water tank is provided with a hot water outlet, and the cold water tank is provided with a cold water inlet.
优选地，所述保温一体板为TDD保温一体板。Preferably, the thermal insulation integrated board is a TDD thermal insulation integrated board.
优选地，所述耦合式半埋入导管网包括导热金属板和吸热导管，所述吸热导管一半埋入导热金属板中，一半凸出导热金属板外并与保温一体板形成线接触。Preferably, the coupled half-buried conduit network includes a heat-conducting metal plate and a heat-absorbing conduit, and half of the heat-absorbing conduit is buried in the heat-conducting metal plate, and half protrudes from the heat-conducting metal plate and forms a line contact with the thermal insulation integrated plate.
本发明提供一种基于提高太阳能光伏效率的PV板冷却装置，有效地降低了太阳能电池板的温度，提高了太阳能的发电转换效率，从而提高光伏组件综合利用效率。The invention provides a PV panel cooling device based on improving solar photovoltaic efficiency, which effectively reduces the temperature of the solar battery panel, improves the conversion efficiency of solar power generation, and thus improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of photovoltaic modules.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的系统整体结构流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.
图2为本发明的光伏热耦合装置的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic thermal coupling device of the present invention.
图3为本发明的光伏热耦合装置的截面图。Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic thermal coupling device of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
基于光伏背板余热回收的吸收式热泵的复合能量利用装置，包括光伏热耦合装置、热泵回路和水冷回路，其中，The composite energy utilization device of absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic backplane waste heat recovery, including photovoltaic thermal coupling device, heat pump circuit and water cooling circuit, among them,
所述热泵回路包括发生器、吸收器、第一液泵、第一节流阀和热交换器，所述吸收器吸收来自光伏热耦合装置低压水蒸气通过第一液泵经热交换器运送到发生器中，所述发生器中的吸收液经热交换器通过第一节流阀运送到吸收器中；The heat pump circuit includes a generator, an absorber, a first liquid pump, a first throttle valve and a heat exchanger, and the absorber absorbs low-pressure water vapor from the photovoltaic thermal coupling device and transports it to the In the generator, the absorption liquid in the generator is transported to the absorber through the heat exchanger through the first throttling valve;
所述水冷回路包括冷凝器、热水箱、第二节流阀、冷水箱、第二液泵和第三节流阀，所述热泵回路中发生器出来的水蒸气进入冷凝器中，所述冷凝器、热水箱、第二节流阀、冷水箱和第二液泵按顺序连接，并形成回路，所述第三节流阀设置在冷凝器与液泵相连的一端，用于连接光伏热耦合装置。The water cooling circuit includes a condenser, a hot water tank, a second throttle valve, a cold water tank, a second liquid pump and a third throttle valve. The water vapor from the generator in the heat pump circuit enters the condenser, and the The condenser, the hot water tank, the second throttle valve, the cold water tank and the second liquid pump are connected in sequence to form a circuit. The third throttle valve is set at the end where the condenser is connected to the liquid pump and is used to connect the photovoltaic thermal coupling device.
优选地，所述光伏热耦合装置包括太阳能电池板、保温一体板、耦合式半埋入导管网、保温棉、进口和出口，所述耦合式半埋入导管网一侧与所述太阳能电池板贴合，另一侧与所述保温一体板的一侧贴合，所述保温棉铺设在保温一体板另一侧的表面，所述进口和出口分别设置在耦合式半埋入导管网的对角处。Preferably, the photovoltaic thermal coupling device includes a solar cell panel, an integrated thermal insulation board, a coupled semi-buried conduit network, thermal insulation cotton, an inlet and an outlet, and one side of the coupled semi-buried conduit network is connected to the solar cell panel. The other side is attached to one side of the thermal insulation integrated board, the thermal insulation cotton is laid on the surface of the other side of the thermal insulation integrated board, and the inlet and outlet are respectively arranged on the opposite side of the coupled semi-buried conduit network. corner.
优选地，所述热泵回路采用的制冷剂为水，吸收剂为溴化锂。Preferably, the refrigerant used in the heat pump circuit is water, and the absorbent is lithium bromide.
优选地，所述热水箱上设有热水出口，所述冷水箱上设有冷水入口。Preferably, the hot water tank is provided with a hot water outlet, and the cold water tank is provided with a cold water inlet.
优选地，所述保温一体板为TDD保温一体板。Preferably, the thermal insulation integrated board is a TDD thermal insulation integrated board.
优选地，所述耦合式半埋入导管网包括导热金属板和吸热导管，所述吸热导管一半埋入导热金属板中，一半凸出导热金属板外并与保温一体板形成线接触。Preferably, the coupled half-buried conduit network includes a heat-conducting metal plate and a heat-absorbing conduit, and half of the heat-absorbing conduit is buried in the heat-conducting metal plate, and half protrudes from the heat-conducting metal plate and forms a line contact with the thermal insulation integrated plate.
本发明的具体工作过程如下：Concrete work process of the present invention is as follows:
在热泵回路中，一方面利用吸收器中的溴化锂吸收剂将光伏热耦合装置出口处的低压水蒸气与少量水吸收，并通过液泵经热交换器运送到发生器中，经加热使溶液中的水蒸气以高压气态释放出来，送入冷凝器中；另一方面，发生后的溴化锂溶液经冷却、节流后成为具有吸收能力的吸收液，进入吸收器中，吸收来自光伏耦合装置的低压水蒸气，同时为了防止吸收液温度过高且保证吸收过程的顺利进行，在吸收过程中释放的热源采用冷却介质（空气或水）冷却。In the heat pump circuit, on the one hand, the lithium bromide absorbent in the absorber is used to absorb the low-pressure water vapor and a small amount of water at the outlet of the photovoltaic thermal coupling device, and transport them to the generator through the heat exchanger through the liquid pump, and the solution is heated. The water vapor is released in a high-pressure gaseous state and sent to the condenser; on the other hand, the generated lithium bromide solution becomes an absorption liquid with absorption capacity after cooling and throttling, and enters the absorber to absorb low-pressure from the photovoltaic coupling device. At the same time, in order to prevent the temperature of the absorption liquid from being too high and ensure the smooth progress of the absorption process, the heat source released during the absorption process is cooled by a cooling medium (air or water).
在水冷回路中，冷却水在冷水箱经液泵，导入冷凝器中，使从发生器进入冷凝器中的水蒸气冷凝液化成高压液体，经节流阀节流后在光伏热耦合装置中蒸发吸热而达到冷却PV板的效果。同时，冷水将冷凝液化过程中释放的热量吸收，温度升高，储存于热水箱中，一部分经热水出口供生活所需，一部分在当冷水箱温度过低，或冷冻情况下经节流阀导入冷水箱中，维持冷水箱温度稳定，以致系统工作稳定，并保证，在冬天冷水箱及导管不会因为温度过低而冷冻，影响正常工作。In the water-cooling circuit, the cooling water is introduced into the condenser through the liquid pump in the cold water tank, so that the water vapor entering the condenser from the generator is condensed and liquefied into a high-pressure liquid, which is evaporated in the photovoltaic thermal coupling device after being throttled by the throttle valve It absorbs heat to achieve the effect of cooling the PV panel. At the same time, the cold water absorbs the heat released during the condensing and liquefaction process, the temperature rises, and is stored in the hot water tank, part of which is provided for daily needs through the hot water outlet, and part of which is throttled when the temperature of the cold water tank is too low or frozen The valve is introduced into the cold water tank to keep the temperature of the cold water tank stable, so that the system works stably, and it is guaranteed that the cold water tank and the conduit will not freeze due to the low temperature in winter, affecting normal work.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510560773.XACN105048960B (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | The energy composite energy of absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic back waste heat recovery utilizes device |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510560773.XACN105048960B (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | The energy composite energy of absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic back waste heat recovery utilizes device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105048960Atrue CN105048960A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105048960B CN105048960B (en) | 2017-07-18 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510560773.XAActiveCN105048960B (en) | 2015-09-06 | 2015-09-06 | The energy composite energy of absorption heat pump based on photovoltaic back waste heat recovery utilizes device |
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