技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种磁驱动生物样本处理装置及其处理方法，适用于自动化的生化检测系统中，属于生物学、医学检测领域。The invention relates to a magnetically driven biological sample processing device and a processing method thereof, which are suitable for automatic biochemical detection systems and belong to the fields of biology and medical detection.
背景技术Background technique
临床常常需要从各种生物组织或者细胞中提取基因组DNA或者RNA，应用核酸扩增检测技术测定其成分，这是用于疾病的辅助性分析和诊断的一种高灵敏度，且最为直接的检测手段。由于样本的处理对DNA和RNA(尤其是RNA)的影响较大，因此在核酸测定时样本的处理对测定结果的准确有效非常重要。现有核酸检测过程中在实验室条件下，所使用的模板都是经过独立的样本提取过程，提取环境都是在非封闭的环境下，使得提取过程中易造成模板交叉污染，再经过扩增，由产物污染产生的假阳性信号会造成检测结果的错误判读。目前已有一些在一个封闭的体系中实现对待测核酸的提取、扩增与检测，极大地避免了样本在提取及扩增过程中的污染，有效的提高了核酸检测的准确性与可操作性。但是这些设备构造复杂，价格昂贵，因而外围的控制也过于繁琐复杂。因此，急需开发一种结构相对简单，成本低廉的装置满足大众需求。Clinically, it is often necessary to extract genomic DNA or RNA from various biological tissues or cells, and use nucleic acid amplification detection technology to determine its components. This is a highly sensitive and most direct detection method for auxiliary analysis and diagnosis of diseases. . Since the processing of the sample has a great influence on DNA and RNA (especially RNA), the processing of the sample is very important for the accuracy and effectiveness of the measurement results during nucleic acid determination. In the existing nucleic acid detection process, under laboratory conditions, the templates used are all subjected to an independent sample extraction process, and the extraction environment is in a non-closed environment, which makes it easy to cause template cross-contamination during the extraction process, and then amplified , False positive signals generated by product contamination can cause misinterpretation of test results. At present, there are some that realize the extraction, amplification and detection of the nucleic acid to be tested in a closed system, which greatly avoids the contamination of the sample during the extraction and amplification process, and effectively improves the accuracy and operability of nucleic acid detection. . However, these devices are complex in structure and expensive, so the peripheral control is too cumbersome and complicated. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device with a relatively simple structure and low cost to meet the needs of the public.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是提供一种磁驱动生物样本处理装置，结构简单，易于装配，控制方便安全，噪音低，密封性好,成本低廉。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetically driven biological sample processing device, which has simple structure, easy assembly, convenient and safe control, low noise, good sealing performance and low cost.
本发明的技术方案是：一种磁驱动生物样本处理装置，包括带有透明前盖的盒体，所述盒体内侧底部设置有一个底座，底座上开设有若干个可安装试管的安装孔；所述盒体内底座上方还设置有一个由针筒和活塞芯杆配套安装而成的注射器，所述注射器由两组磁铁组件可移动式安装于盒体中；The technical solution of the present invention is: a magnetically driven biological sample processing device, comprising a box body with a transparent front cover, a base is provided on the inner bottom of the box body, and several installation holes for installing test tubes are opened on the base; There is also a syringe installed above the base in the box body, which is assembled with a syringe and a piston core rod, and the syringe is movably installed in the box body by two sets of magnet assemblies;
所述两组磁铁组件分别包括一个中心环、两根金属杆和两个磁铁，其中：一组磁铁组件的中心环固定套设于活塞芯杆顶端，另一组磁铁组件的中心环固定套设于针筒外侧；每个中心环相对的两侧分别固定连接两根金属杆一端，两根金属杆的另一端分别固定安装一个磁铁，两侧的磁铁分别紧贴于盒体的前盖和后侧壁上，通过盒体外部磁铁带动盒体内的磁铁运动，从而带动注射器整体运动或者注射器的针筒和活塞芯杆相对运动。The two sets of magnet assemblies respectively include a center ring, two metal rods and two magnets, wherein: the center ring of one set of magnet assemblies is fixedly sleeved on the top of the piston core rod, and the center ring of the other set of magnet assemblies is fixedly sleeved On the outside of the syringe; the opposite sides of each center ring are fixedly connected to one end of two metal rods, and the other ends of the two metal rods are respectively fixed with a magnet, and the magnets on both sides are respectively attached to the front cover and the back of the box body On the side wall, the magnet outside the box drives the magnet in the box to move, thereby driving the overall movement of the syringe or the relative movement of the syringe barrel and the piston core rod.
进一步，所述盒体的左侧壁上安装有一上一下两组托架，所述两组托架的高度差等于两组磁铁组件的金属杆之间的高度差，可将磁铁组件的金属杆托放于托架上，方便可靠。Further, on the left side wall of the box body, two groups of brackets are installed, the height difference between the two groups of brackets is equal to the height difference between the metal rods of the two groups of magnet assemblies, and the metal rods of the magnet assemblies can be It is placed on the bracket, which is convenient and reliable.
进一步，每组托架由平行的两个带有向上倾斜折边的支撑杆组成。Further, each set of brackets is composed of two parallel support rods with upwardly inclined flanges.
进一步，所述针筒的底部吸液端为锥形。Further, the liquid suction end at the bottom of the syringe is tapered.
本发明还提供一种磁驱动生物样本处理方法，具体步骤如下：The present invention also provides a magnetically driven biological sample processing method, the specific steps are as follows:
步骤一、将盛放有生物样本处理所需试剂的试管分别安装于底座的安装孔内，将生物样本吸取到注射器中，将注射器通过金属杆托放于托架上，盖上前盖；Step 1. Install the test tubes containing the reagents required for biological sample processing in the mounting holes of the base, draw the biological samples into the syringe, place the syringe on the bracket through the metal rod, and cover the front cover;
步骤二、通过盒体外部磁铁带动盒体内的磁铁运动，从而带动注射器整体运动，使注射器脱离托架，移动至需加入生物样本的试管上方，控制套设于针筒外侧的磁铁组件对应的外部磁铁固定不动，上下移动套设于活塞芯杆顶端的磁铁组件对应的外部磁铁，使得注射器的针筒和活塞芯杆相对运动，从而控制注射泵进行抽吸液动作；Step 2. Drive the magnet in the box to move through the magnet outside the box, so as to drive the overall movement of the syringe, so that the syringe is detached from the bracket, and moves to the top of the test tube to be added to the biological sample, and controls the outer part corresponding to the magnet assembly sleeved on the outside of the syringe. The magnet is fixed, and the external magnet corresponding to the magnet assembly on the top of the piston core rod is moved up and down, so that the syringe barrel and the piston core rod move relative to each other, thereby controlling the syringe pump to suck liquid;
步骤三、按照步骤二操作方法完成若干个试管之间移动，实现液体的抽吸、转移、混匀操作，从而完成生物样本处理。Step 3. According to the operation method of step 2, the movement among several test tubes is completed, and the liquid suction, transfer, and mixing operations are realized, thereby completing the biological sample processing.
有益效果：本发明装置仅通过外部的磁控制，在一个相对封闭的环境中实现样本处理过程中的吸液，移液，弃液，吹打混匀等操作，避免了实验过程中出现的污染问题，提高了生物样本检测结果的准确性。整个装置的结构简单，操作方便，成本低廉。Beneficial effects: the device of the present invention realizes operations such as absorbing liquid, pipetting liquid, discarding liquid, blowing and mixing in a relatively closed environment in a relatively closed environment only through external magnetic control, and avoids pollution problems in the experimental process , improving the accuracy of biological sample detection results. The whole device has simple structure, convenient operation and low cost.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1装置整体结构示意图；The schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device in Fig. 1;
图2装置初始状态剖面图；Figure 2 is a sectional view of the initial state of the device;
图3吸液示意图；Figure 3 schematic diagram of liquid absorption;
图4注液示意图；Fig. 4 schematic diagram of liquid injection;
其中：1 盒体，2 底座，3 试管，4 注射器，41 针筒，42 活塞芯杆，5 磁铁组件，51磁铁，52 中心环，53 金属杆，6 托架，7 后侧壁，8 前盖。Among them: 1 box body, 2 base, 3 test tube, 4 syringe, 41 syringe, 42 piston core rod, 5 magnet assembly, 51 magnet, 52 center ring, 53 metal rod, 6 bracket, 7 rear side wall, 8 front cover.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做更进一步地解释。下列实施例仅用于说明本发明，但并不用来限定本发明的实施范围。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
生物样本处理主要是对核酸的提取。目前核酸提取方法常用的是磁珠法。本实施案例根据磁珠法核酸提取步骤来说明。核酸提取开始前，将若干个试管3插入底座2中，把核酸提取中所用到的主要试剂，如裂解液，磁珠，多种清洗液，洗脱液等按照正确的顺序放入试管3中，然后将样本通过注射器4吸取到针筒41中，最后将磁铁组件5和注射器4通过磁铁组件5中的金属杆53悬挂在托架6上。封闭盒体1，开始核酸提取。Biological sample processing is mainly the extraction of nucleic acids. At present, the most commonly used nucleic acid extraction method is the magnetic bead method. This implementation case is described based on the nucleic acid extraction steps of the magnetic bead method. Before the nucleic acid extraction starts, insert several test tubes 3 into the base 2, and put the main reagents used in the nucleic acid extraction, such as lysate, magnetic beads, various cleaning solutions, eluents, etc. into the test tubes 3 in the correct order , and then draw the sample into the syringe 41 through the syringe 4 , and finally hang the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 on the bracket 6 through the metal rod 53 in the magnet assembly 5 . Close the cassette body 1 and start nucleic acid extraction.
通过外部磁铁同时控制磁铁组件5中的四块磁铁移动，使得磁铁组件5带动吸液组件4同时 运动，脱离托架6。通过盒体1的透明前盖8观察，当注射器4中的针筒41在盛放裂解液的试管正上方时，停止移动。控制两对磁铁组件5同时向下移动，当注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端进入试管中试剂时停止移动。控制盒体内的磁铁组件，使其向下缓慢移动，推动活塞芯杆42将样本注入到盛裂解液的试管中，继续控制盒体内的磁铁组件，使其快速高频地上下移动，从而使得注射器4进行抽吸和注射动作，如此可吹打混匀液体，使得样本充分裂解。The movement of the four magnets in the magnet assembly 5 is simultaneously controlled by an external magnet, so that the magnet assembly 5 drives the liquid suction assembly 4 to move simultaneously and break away from the bracket 6. Observing through the transparent front cover 8 of the box body 1, when the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 is directly above the test tube containing the lysate, it stops moving. Control the two pairs of magnet assemblies 5 to move downwards simultaneously, and stop moving when the liquid suction end at the bottom of the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 enters the reagent in the test tube. Control the magnet assembly in the box body to make it move down slowly, push the piston core rod 42 to inject the sample into the test tube containing the lysate, continue to control the magnet assembly in the box body to make it move up and down quickly and at high frequency, so that the syringe 4 Perform suction and injection actions, so that the liquid can be blown and mixed evenly, so that the sample is fully lysed.
裂解完成后，控制两对磁铁组件5同时向上移动，使注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端离开裂解液试管，然后将磁铁组件5和注射器4移至盛放磁珠的试管正上方，下移磁铁组件5和注射器4，当注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端进入试管中时停止移动。重复上述的液体吹打混匀操作，混匀磁珠。控制盒体内的磁铁组件，使其向上缓慢移动，使得活塞芯杆42将磁珠吸取到针筒41中。同时控制两对磁铁组件5，使其向上移动，使注射器4中的针筒41离开磁珠试管，移动磁铁组件5和注射器4，移至盛放裂解液的试管正上方，下移磁铁组件5和注射器4，当注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端靠近试管底部时停止移动。缓慢下移上面的磁铁组件5，使得活塞芯杆42将磁珠注入到裂解液试管中，磁珠会与裂解后游离的核酸结合。通过外部的磁吸，将磁珠吸附在试管壁上，下移磁铁组件5和注射器4，当注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端进入试管底部时停止移动，控制盒体内的磁铁组件5，使其向上缓慢移动，使得活塞芯杆42将废液吸取到针筒41中。同时控制两对磁铁组件5，使其向上移动，使注射器4中的针筒41离开裂解液试管，移动磁铁组件5和注射器4，移至废液试管正上方，下移磁铁组件5和注射器4，使注射器4中的针筒41底部吸液端进入试管一些时停止移动，再控制上面的磁铁组件5，使其向下缓慢移动，使得注射器4将废液注入到废液试管中。After the lysis is completed, control the two pairs of magnet assemblies 5 to move upwards at the same time, so that the liquid suction end of the bottom of the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 leaves the lysate test tube, and then move the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 to the top of the test tube containing the magnetic beads. Move down the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4, and stop moving when the liquid suction end at the bottom of the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 enters the test tube. Repeat the above liquid pipetting and mixing operation to mix the magnetic beads. The magnet assembly in the box is controlled to slowly move upwards, so that the piston core rod 42 sucks the magnetic beads into the syringe 41 . Simultaneously control two pairs of magnet assemblies 5 to move upwards so that the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 leaves the magnetic bead test tube, move the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 to directly above the test tube containing the lysate, and move down the magnet assembly 5 And syringe 4, stop moving when the suction end of the syringe 41 bottom in the syringe 4 is close to the bottom of the test tube. The upper magnet assembly 5 is slowly moved down, so that the piston core rod 42 injects the magnetic beads into the lysate test tube, and the magnetic beads will bind to the free nucleic acid after lysis. Through the external magnetic attraction, the magnetic beads are adsorbed on the test tube wall, and the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 are moved down. When the suction end of the bottom of the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 enters the bottom of the test tube, the movement stops, and the magnet assembly in the box is controlled. 5. Make it move upwards slowly, so that the piston core rod 42 sucks the waste liquid into the syringe 41 . Simultaneously control two pairs of magnet assemblies 5 to move upwards so that the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 leaves the lysate test tube, move the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 to directly above the waste liquid test tube, and move down the magnet assembly 5 and the syringe 4 , make the suction end of the bottom of the syringe 41 in the syringe 4 enter the test tube and stop moving for a while, and then control the magnet assembly 5 above to move slowly downwards, so that the syringe 4 injects the waste liquid into the waste liquid test tube.
清洗和洗脱过程可重复上面的操作，主要是，吹打混匀，吸液，弃液，移液等操作。当磁珠与洗脱液反应完成后，注射器4吸取到针筒41中的液体即为提取完成的核酸，可用于下游的实验。整个核酸提取的过程在封闭的盒体中进行，避免了实验过程中的污染问题，确保操作者的安全。The cleaning and elution process can repeat the above operations, mainly, pipetting and mixing, aspiration, discarding, pipetting and other operations. After the reaction between the magnetic beads and the eluent is completed, the liquid drawn into the barrel 41 by the syringe 4 is the extracted nucleic acid, which can be used for downstream experiments. The entire nucleic acid extraction process is carried out in a closed box, which avoids the contamination problem during the experiment and ensures the safety of the operator.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also possible. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201510448509.7ACN105021835B (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | A kind of Magnetic driving biological specimen processing meanss and its processing method |
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| CN201510448509.7ACN105021835B (en) | 2015-07-28 | 2015-07-28 | A kind of Magnetic driving biological specimen processing meanss and its processing method |
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