技术领域technical field
本发明属于车辆悬架减振器系统技术领域，尤其涉及一种液电馈能式半主动控制减振器系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle suspension shock absorber systems, in particular to a hydraulic-electric energy-feeding type semi-active control shock absorber system.
背景技术Background technique
车辆在行驶过程中会受到不平路面的持续激励，引起簧上质量的垂直振动和轮胎动载荷的连续变化，直接影响车辆的平顺性和操纵稳定性。传统液力减振器是将簧上质量与簧下质量的相对运动机械能通过阻尼作用转化为热能耗散。而馈能悬架是将这部分振动机械能转化为液压能或者电能，供给车辆上其他设备使用，从而达到降低车辆能量消耗的目的。When the vehicle is running, it will be continuously excited by the uneven road surface, which will cause the vertical vibration of the sprung mass and the continuous change of the dynamic load of the tire, which directly affects the ride comfort and handling stability of the vehicle. The traditional hydraulic shock absorber converts the relative motion mechanical energy of the sprung mass and the unsprung mass into thermal energy dissipation through damping. The energy-feeding suspension converts this part of the vibration mechanical energy into hydraulic energy or electric energy, which is supplied to other equipment on the vehicle, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of the vehicle.
目前车辆馈能悬架系统的结构形式主要分为机械液压式馈能(包括曲柄连杆式、静液蓄能式)、电磁式馈能(包括电磁线圈感应式、齿轮齿条式、滚珠丝杆式、直线电机式)以及液电复合式馈能。液电馈能式半主动控制减振器属于液电复合式，包括双筒液压减振模块和液电馈能控制模块，利用工作油液在油道里的运动推动液压马达旋转，从而带动旋转电机的回转运动，从而将车身与车轮间的机械振动能量转化为电能。经过科研人员的大量研究，现存的各种馈能悬架仍有若干缺点，无法达到传统减振器的使用要求；本发明所提出的液电馈能式半主动控制减振器的综合性能好，实用性强。At present, the structural forms of vehicle energy-feeding suspension systems are mainly divided into mechanical-hydraulic energy-feeding (including crank-connecting rod type, hydrostatic energy-storage type), electromagnetic energy-feeding (including electromagnetic coil induction type, rack and pinion type, ball wire type) Rod type, linear motor type) and hydraulic-electric composite energy feed. The hydraulic-electric energy-feeding semi-active control shock absorber is a hydraulic-electric composite type, including a double-tube hydraulic damping module and a hydraulic-electric energy-feeding control module, which uses the movement of the working oil in the oil passage to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate, thereby driving the rotating motor The rotary motion of the vehicle converts the mechanical vibration energy between the body and the wheels into electrical energy. After a lot of research by scientific researchers, the existing various energy-feeding suspensions still have some shortcomings, which cannot meet the use requirements of traditional shock absorbers; the hydraulic-electric energy-feeding semi-active control shock absorber proposed by the present invention has good comprehensive performance , Strong practicability.
中国专利1626370A设计采用滚珠丝杆机构，将簧载质量与非簧载质量之间的直线运动转化为电机的旋转运动。馈能装置由滚珠丝杆机构和电机组成，在车辆的行驶过程中，将回收的能量储存在电池。随着不平路面的持续激励，馈能减振器作压缩运动和伸张运动，滚珠螺母沿轴向上下移动，带动滚珠丝杆和电机转子作正反转动。根据车身振动状态，电机控制电路使电机处于电动或者制动状态，从而主动衰减不平路面产生的车身振动和冲击。滚珠丝杆式馈能悬架将传统的液力装置替换成机械装置，这种结构形式的缺点是由于传动系统内部间隙的存在，馈能装置对高频信号的频率响应函数不为零。因此，滚珠丝杆式馈能悬架在低频大振幅激励下，悬架特性和能量回收效率较好，而受到高频激励时，悬架特性不理想，能量回收效率较低。The design of Chinese patent 1626370A adopts a ball screw mechanism to convert the linear motion between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass into the rotary motion of the motor. The energy feeding device is composed of a ball screw mechanism and a motor, and stores the recovered energy in the battery during the running of the vehicle. With the continuous excitation of the uneven road, the energy-feeding shock absorber performs compression and extension movements, and the ball nut moves up and down in the axial direction, driving the ball screw and the motor rotor to rotate forward and backward. According to the vibration state of the vehicle body, the motor control circuit makes the motor in the electric or braking state, so as to actively attenuate the vibration and impact of the vehicle body generated by the uneven road. The ball screw type energy-feeding suspension replaces the traditional hydraulic device with a mechanical device. The disadvantage of this structure is that the frequency response function of the energy-feeding device to high-frequency signals is not zero due to the existence of internal gaps in the transmission system. Therefore, the ball screw type energy-feeding suspension has better suspension characteristics and energy recovery efficiency under low-frequency and large-amplitude excitation, but when subjected to high-frequency excitation, the suspension characteristics are not ideal and the energy recovery efficiency is low.
中国专利CN101749353A设计采用四个单向阀组成的液压整流桥，形成“机-电-液”一体化液电馈能装置，将簧载质量与非簧载质量之间的直线运动转化为液体的流动。无论是压缩运动和伸张运动，经过单向阀液压整流桥后，液体都沿同一方向通过液压马达，带动发电机发电。该方案可以使液压马达始终沿同一方向旋转，发电机处于较高的工作效率，液电馈能装置的整体效率较高。然而，单向阀的开闭完全依靠前后端的液体压力，活塞运动换向时，液体对单向阀的冲击较大，影响单向阀的工作寿命。由于液压缸有杆腔和无杆腔的体积变化不同，造成压缩行程的阻尼力大于伸张形成的阻尼力，与传统液力减振器的外特性相反，不便于实际工程应用。Chinese patent CN101749353A design uses a hydraulic rectifier bridge composed of four one-way valves to form a "mechanical-electrical-hydraulic" integrated hydraulic-electric energy feed device, which converts the linear motion between the sprung mass and the unsprung mass into liquid flow. Whether it is compression movement or extension movement, after passing through the check valve hydraulic rectifier bridge, the liquid passes through the hydraulic motor in the same direction to drive the generator to generate electricity. This solution can make the hydraulic motor always rotate in the same direction, the generator is at a higher working efficiency, and the overall efficiency of the hydraulic-electric energy feed device is higher. However, the opening and closing of the one-way valve depends entirely on the liquid pressure at the front and rear ends. When the piston moves in reverse, the liquid has a greater impact on the one-way valve, which affects the working life of the one-way valve. Due to the different volume changes of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, the damping force of the compression stroke is greater than that of the stretching, which is contrary to the external characteristics of the traditional hydraulic shock absorber, which is not convenient for practical engineering applications.
中国专利CN103244495A设计采用电控整流阀，控制单元通过比较活塞上、下腔压力传感器采集的压力信号，判断整流阀前端液体流向，通过电磁阀对整流阀阀芯位置进行控制，对减振器缸筒中流出的液体进行整流，整流后的液流驱动液压马达始终沿一个方向旋转，带动发电机处于较高效率状态下发电，从而实现振动机械能量转化为电能。然而，车辆在行驶过程中受到不平路面的持续激励，造成簧载质量的往复压缩运动和伸张运动，电控整流阀处于连续的调整状态，大大降低了其使用寿命。同时，一旦电控整流阀工作失效，该减振器的使用性能难以满足车辆的行驶要求。The design of Chinese patent CN103244495A adopts an electronically controlled rectifier valve. The control unit judges the flow direction of the liquid at the front end of the rectifier valve by comparing the pressure signals collected by the pressure sensors in the upper and lower chambers of the piston. The liquid flowing out of the barrel is rectified, and the rectified liquid drives the hydraulic motor to rotate in one direction all the time, driving the generator to generate electricity at a higher efficiency state, thereby realizing the conversion of vibrational mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, the vehicle is constantly excited by the uneven road surface during driving, resulting in reciprocating compression and extension movements of the sprung mass, and the electronically controlled rectifier valve is in a continuous adjustment state, which greatly reduces its service life. At the same time, once the electronically controlled rectifier valve fails, the performance of the shock absorber cannot meet the driving requirements of the vehicle.
以上将振动机械能量进行馈能回收的装置当中，中国专利1626370A存在电机转子随着悬架的往复运动旋转方向正反交替切换的问题，产生大量的惯量损失，降低了电机的发电效率。中国专利CN101749353A和中国专利CN103244495A采用阀的结构解决了电机转子旋转方向正反切换的问题，提高了发电机的工作效率，但是液压整流桥的某个单向阀工作实效，会造成系统无法正常工作，同时不便于维修；利用电控整流阀可以减少液压整流桥产生的液压能量损失，不过对其使用寿命提出了较高要求，不适用于长时间实际使用。Among the above-mentioned devices for recovering vibratory mechanical energy, Chinese Patent No. 1626370A has the problem that the motor rotor rotates forward and reverse alternately with the reciprocating motion of the suspension, resulting in a large amount of inertia loss and reducing the power generation efficiency of the motor. Chinese patent CN101749353A and Chinese patent CN103244495A use the structure of the valve to solve the problem of forward and reverse switching of the motor rotor rotation direction and improve the working efficiency of the generator. However, the actual work of a check valve of the hydraulic rectifier bridge will cause the system to fail to work normally. At the same time, it is not easy to maintain; the use of electronically controlled rectifier valves can reduce the loss of hydraulic energy generated by the hydraulic rectifier bridge, but it puts forward higher requirements for its service life and is not suitable for long-term actual use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足，而提供一种液电馈能式半主动控制减振器系统，可基于传统双筒液压减振器改造而成，在达到车辆对减振器阻尼特性基本要求前提下，能够回收悬架振动耗散的机械能，使其转换为电能，达到车辆节能的目的；并且可以实现阻尼力的半主动控制，提升车辆的行驶平顺性。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a semi-active control shock absorber system based on hydraulic electric energy feeding, which can be transformed based on the traditional double-tube hydraulic shock absorber, and achieve the vehicle-to-shock absorber Under the premise of the basic requirements of the damping characteristics, the mechanical energy dissipated by the suspension vibration can be recovered and converted into electrical energy to achieve the purpose of vehicle energy saving; and the semi-active control of the damping force can be realized to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案来完成的。这种液电馈能式半主动控制减振器系统，主要包括由液压工作缸、储油缸、活塞、空心活塞杆、压缩阀、补偿阀所构成的双筒液压减振模块和由空心活塞杆转接头、蓄能器、储油缸转接头、液压馈能管路、液压马达、发电机、负载控制电路所构成的液电馈能控制模块，所述的储油缸的一侧外壁上钻有一圆孔，通过该圆孔焊接储油缸转接头；所述的位于液压工作缸内的空心活塞杆的顶端处径向引出一个出油口，并在出油口处焊接空心活塞杆转接头；所述的液压马达的前端通过液压管路与空心活塞杆的空心活塞杆转接头相连，液压回路中采用三通管接头连接一个蓄能器；所述的液压马达的后端通过液压管路与储油缸的储油缸转接头相连，液压回路中连接有一个低压蓄能器；所述的液压马达通过联轴器与发电机相连，发电机与负载控制电路连接并调节；所述的空心活塞杆的顶端与上吊耳相连，所述的储油缸的底端与下吊耳相连。所述的空心活塞杆的无油道末端相连有一个活塞，该活塞位于液压工作缸之中；活塞的上方空间部分为液压缸有杆腔，下方空间部分为液压缸无杆腔。The purpose of the present invention is accomplished through the following technical solutions. This hydraulic-electric energy-feeding semi-active control shock absorber system mainly includes a double-tube hydraulic shock absorber module composed of a hydraulic working cylinder, an oil storage cylinder, a piston, a hollow piston rod, a compression valve, and a compensation valve, and a hollow piston rod. A hydraulic-electric energy feed control module composed of an adapter, an accumulator, an oil storage cylinder adapter, a hydraulic energy feed pipeline, a hydraulic motor, a generator, and a load control circuit. A circular hole is drilled on one side of the outer wall of the oil storage cylinder , weld the oil storage cylinder adapter through the round hole; an oil outlet is drawn radially from the top of the hollow piston rod located in the hydraulic working cylinder, and the hollow piston rod adapter is welded at the oil outlet; The front end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the hollow piston rod adapter of the hollow piston rod through the hydraulic pipeline, and a three-way pipe joint is used to connect an accumulator in the hydraulic circuit; the rear end of the hydraulic motor is connected to the storage cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline. The oil storage cylinder adapter is connected, and a low-pressure accumulator is connected in the hydraulic circuit; the hydraulic motor is connected with the generator through a coupling, and the generator is connected and adjusted with the load control circuit; the top end of the hollow piston rod is connected with the The upper lifting lug is connected, and the bottom end of the oil storage cylinder is connected with the lower lifting lug. A piston is connected to the end of the hollow piston rod without oil passage, and the piston is located in the hydraulic working cylinder; the space above the piston is the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the space below is the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder.
作为优选，所述的储油缸位于液压工作缸的外部，储油缸的上方外部套有防尘罩；液压工作缸的下端设置有支承座，该支承座上安装有压缩阀和补偿阀，且该支承座位于储油缸的下方内部。As a preference, the oil storage cylinder is located outside the hydraulic working cylinder, and a dust cover is placed outside the upper part of the oil storage cylinder; a supporting seat is provided at the lower end of the hydraulic working cylinder, and a compression valve and a compensation valve are installed on the supporting seat, and the The supporting seat is located in the lower interior of the oil storage cylinder.
作为优选，所述的空心活塞杆的轴向芯部设有不贯穿的中心孔，在空心活塞杆下部沿径向开一通孔，并与中心孔连通。Preferably, the axial core of the hollow piston rod is provided with a non-penetrating central hole, and a through hole is opened radially at the lower part of the hollow piston rod and communicated with the central hole.
作为优选，所述的活塞分为有阀系活塞和无阀系活塞，有阀系活塞内设置有流通阀，该流通阀连通于液压缸有杆腔与液压缸无杆腔；无阀系活塞其外部的液压马达的液压管路上并联一个单向阀，单向阀的开启方向与液压马达的旋转方向相反。As a preference, the piston is divided into a valved piston and a non-valved piston, and a flow valve is arranged in the valved piston, and the flow valve communicates with the hydraulic cylinder rod cavity and the hydraulic cylinder rodless cavity; the non-valved piston A check valve is connected in parallel on the hydraulic pipeline of the external hydraulic motor, and the opening direction of the check valve is opposite to the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor.
作为优选，所述的蓄能器和低压蓄能器采用皮囊式蓄能器。Preferably, the accumulator and the low-pressure accumulator are bladder accumulators.
本发明的有益效果为：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
其一，馈能减振器的阻尼特性符合车辆对减振器拉伸以及压缩行程阻尼力的配比要求，压缩行程达到传统减振器的被动减振效果，在拉伸行程进行振动能量回收以及阻尼力的半主动控制；馈能效果以及平顺性到达一定程度上的平衡；First, the damping characteristics of the energy-feeding shock absorber meet the requirements of the vehicle for the ratio of the damping force of the shock absorber in the stretching and compression strokes. The compression stroke achieves the passive vibration reduction effect of the traditional shock absorber, and the vibration energy is recovered in the stretching stroke. And the semi-active control of the damping force; the energy feeding effect and the ride comfort are balanced to a certain extent;
其二，能够有效回收车辆悬架振动所耗散的机械能量，系统“惯量损失”低于其他方案的馈能减振器，电机旋转方向固定，能量回收效率高；Second, it can effectively recover the mechanical energy dissipated by the vibration of the vehicle suspension. The "inertia loss" of the system is lower than that of the energy-feeding shock absorber of other solutions, the rotation direction of the motor is fixed, and the energy recovery efficiency is high;
其三，可在传统液压减振器基础上进行改造，利用其膜片阀组，其弹性特性曲线平滑，减振器的外特性优良，可应用于不同的车型，调校方便；Third, it can be modified on the basis of the traditional hydraulic shock absorber, using its diaphragm valve group, its elastic characteristic curve is smooth, the external characteristics of the shock absorber are excellent, it can be applied to different models, and it is easy to adjust;
其四，对传统液力减振器的零部件改动较小，结构简单，易于安装、拆卸和维修，同时发电机的使用寿命长，系统实用性强。Fourth, the parts of the traditional hydraulic shock absorber have little changes, the structure is simple, and it is easy to install, disassemble and maintain. At the same time, the service life of the generator is long and the system is highly practical.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的主要实施例具体结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the main embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明的基本原理图。Fig. 2 is the basic principle diagram of the present invention.
图3为本发明中空心活塞杆的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hollow piston rod of the present invention.
图4为本发明的另一实施例的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明的另一实施例的基本原理图。Fig. 5 is a basic principle diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
附图中的标号分别为：1、上吊耳； 2、空心活塞杆转接头； 3、蓄能器； 4、三通管接头； 5、液压马达； 6、发电机； 7、负载控制电路； 8、液压管路； 9、储油缸转接头； 10、下吊耳； 11、压缩阀； 12、补偿阀； 13、支承座； 14、液压工作缸； 15、有阀系活塞； 16、流通阀； 17、空心活塞杆； 18、储油缸； 19、防尘罩； 20、液压缸有杆腔； 21、低压蓄能器； 22、单向阀； 23、无阀系活塞； 24、液压缸无杆腔；171、中心孔； 172、通孔。The labels in the drawings are: 1. Upper lifting lug; 2. Hollow piston rod adapter; 3. Accumulator; 4. Tee pipe joint; 5. Hydraulic motor; 6. Generator; 7. Load control circuit; 8. Hydraulic pipeline; 9. Oil storage cylinder adapter; 10. Lower lifting lug; 11. Compression valve; 12. Compensation valve; 13. Support seat; 14. Hydraulic working cylinder; 15. Piston with valve system; 16. Circulation Valve; 17. Hollow piston rod; 18. Oil storage cylinder; 19. Dust cover; 20. Hydraulic cylinder with rod cavity; 21. Low pressure accumulator; 22. Check valve; 23. Piston without valve system; 24. Hydraulic pressure Cylinder rodless cavity; 171, center hole; 172, through hole.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图对本发明做详细的介绍：如附图1、2所示，本发明主要包括由液压工作缸14、储油缸18、活塞15、空心活塞杆17、压缩阀11、补偿阀12所构成的双筒液压减振模块和由空心活塞杆转接头2、蓄能器3、储油缸转接头9、液压馈能管路8、液压马达5、发电机6、负载控制电路7所构成的液电馈能控制模块，所述的储油缸18的一侧外壁上钻有一圆孔，通过该圆孔焊接储油缸转接头9；所述的位于液压工作缸14内的空心活塞杆17的顶端处径向引出一个出油口，并在出油口处焊接空心活塞杆转接头2；所述的液压马达5的前端通过液压管路8与空心活塞杆17的空心活塞杆转接头2相连，液压回路中采用三通管接头4连接一个蓄能器3；所述的液压马达5的后端通过液压管路8与储油缸18的储油缸转接头9相连，液压回路中连接有一个低压蓄能器21；所述的液压马达5通过联轴器与发电机6相连，发电机6与负载控制电路7连接并调节；所述的空心活塞杆17的顶端与上吊耳1相连，所述的储油缸18的底端与下吊耳10相连。通过空心活塞杆17的油道、空心活塞杆转接头2和储油缸18的储油缸转接头9将工作油液引至外部液压回路，液流驱动液压马达5始终沿固定方向旋转，液压马达5带动发电机6回转运动，从而将振动机械能量转化为电能，存储在电池中或供车辆上其他耗能部件使用；同时发电机6可由其负载控制电路7系统进行阻尼力的调节。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: As shown in accompanying drawing 1,2, the present invention mainly comprises by hydraulic working cylinder 14, oil storage cylinder 18, piston 15, hollow piston rod 17, compression valve 11, compensating valve 12 The double cylinder hydraulic vibration damping module and the hollow piston rod adapter 2, the accumulator 3, the oil storage cylinder adapter 9, the hydraulic energy feed pipeline 8, the hydraulic motor 5, the generator 6, and the load control circuit 7 constitute Hydraulic electric energy feed control module, a round hole is drilled on one side of the outer wall of the oil storage cylinder 18, and the oil storage cylinder adapter 9 is welded through the round hole; the top of the hollow piston rod 17 located in the hydraulic working cylinder 14 An oil outlet is drawn radially at the oil outlet, and a hollow piston rod adapter 2 is welded at the oil outlet; the front end of the hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the hollow piston rod adapter 2 of the hollow piston rod 17 through a hydraulic pipeline 8, A three-way pipe joint 4 is used to connect an accumulator 3 in the hydraulic circuit; the rear end of the hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the oil storage cylinder adapter 9 of the oil storage cylinder 18 through a hydraulic pipeline 8, and a low-pressure accumulator is connected to the hydraulic circuit. energy device 21; the hydraulic motor 5 is connected with the generator 6 through a coupling, and the generator 6 is connected and adjusted with the load control circuit 7; the top end of the hollow piston rod 17 is connected with the upper lug 1, and the The bottom end of the oil storage cylinder 18 links to each other with the lower lifting lug 10 . Through the oil channel of the hollow piston rod 17, the hollow piston rod adapter 2 and the oil storage cylinder adapter 9 of the oil storage cylinder 18, the working oil is led to the external hydraulic circuit, and the hydraulic motor 5 is always driven by the liquid flow to rotate in a fixed direction, and the hydraulic motor 5 Drive the generator 6 to rotate, thereby converting the vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the battery or used by other energy-consuming components on the vehicle; at the same time, the generator 6 can adjust the damping force by its load control circuit 7 system.
所述的空心活塞杆17的无油道末端相连有一个活塞，该活塞位于液压工作缸14之中；活塞的上方空间部分为液压缸有杆腔20，下方空间部分为液压缸无杆腔24；所述的储油缸18位于液压工作缸14的外部，储油缸18的上方外部套有防尘罩19；液压工作缸14的下端设置有支承座13，该支承座13上安装有压缩阀11和补偿阀12，且该支承座13位于储油缸18的下方内部。The end of the hollow piston rod 17 without oil passage is connected with a piston, and the piston is located in the hydraulic cylinder 14; the space above the piston is the hydraulic cylinder rod chamber 20, and the space below is the hydraulic cylinder rodless chamber 24. ; The oil storage cylinder 18 is located outside the hydraulic working cylinder 14, and the top of the oil storage cylinder 18 is covered with a dust cover 19; the lower end of the hydraulic working cylinder 14 is provided with a support seat 13, and a compression valve 11 is installed on the support seat 13 And the compensating valve 12, and the support seat 13 is located in the lower interior of the oil storage cylinder 18.
如附图3所示，所述的空心活塞杆17的轴向芯部设有不贯穿的中心孔171，在空心活塞杆17下部沿径向开一通孔172，并与中心孔171连通。As shown in FIG. 3 , the axial core of the hollow piston rod 17 is provided with a central hole 171 that does not penetrate through it, and a through hole 172 is opened radially at the lower part of the hollow piston rod 17 and communicates with the central hole 171 .
所述的活塞分为有阀系活塞15和无阀系活塞23，如附图1所示，有阀系活塞15内设置有流通阀16，该流通阀16连通于液压缸有杆腔20与液压缸无杆腔24；如附图4所示，无阀系活塞23其外部的液压马达5的液压管路8上并联一个单向阀22，单向阀22的开启方向与液压马达5的旋转方向相反。The piston is divided into a valved piston 15 and an unvalved piston 23. As shown in Figure 1, a valved piston 15 is provided with a flow valve 16, which communicates with the hydraulic cylinder rod cavity 20 and Hydraulic cylinder rodless chamber 24; as shown in accompanying drawing 4, on the hydraulic line 8 of the hydraulic motor 5 outside of valveless piston 23, a check valve 22 is connected in parallel, and the opening direction of the check valve 22 is the same as that of the hydraulic motor 5. The direction of rotation is reversed.
所述的蓄能器3和低压蓄能器21采用皮囊式蓄能器，其作用是吸收液压缸有杆腔20的油液冲击，减少液压马达5损坏的可能性，具有重量轻，体积小，便于集成化的优点。所述液压马达5采用单向内啮合齿轮液压马达，具有占用空间小、效率高的优点。所述发电机6采用永磁直流无刷电机，通过联轴器与液压马达5固连，采用矢量控制变频调速方式调节电机，可以改变伸张行程的阻尼力，实现馈能减振器阻尼力的半主动控制。The accumulator 3 and the low-pressure accumulator 21 are bladder-type accumulators, whose function is to absorb the oil impact in the rod chamber 20 of the hydraulic cylinder, reduce the possibility of damage to the hydraulic motor 5, and have light weight and small volume. , the advantages of easy integration. The hydraulic motor 5 adopts a one-way internal gear hydraulic motor, which has the advantages of small space occupation and high efficiency. The generator 6 adopts a permanent magnet DC brushless motor, which is fixedly connected with the hydraulic motor 5 through a shaft coupling, and the motor is adjusted by vector control frequency conversion speed regulation, which can change the damping force of the stretching stroke and realize the damping force of the energy-feeding shock absorber. semi-active control.
本发明的液电馈能式半主动控制减振器与现有的几种液电馈能式减振器的最大不同在于：其压缩行程不进行能量回收，只在伸张行程回收振动机械能；在压缩行程时只实现传统被动减振效果，在拉伸行程可进行阻尼力半主动控制；从而实现液电馈能式减振器的外特性满足车辆的行驶平顺性要求。现有的几种液电馈能式减振器的压缩行程阻尼力大于伸张行程阻尼力，这与传统液力减振器的外特性相反，难以适用于车辆的日常行驶。The biggest difference between the hydraulic-electric energy-feeding type semi-active control shock absorber of the present invention and several existing hydraulic-electric energy-feeding type shock absorbers is that: the energy recovery is not performed in the compression stroke, and the vibration mechanical energy is only recovered in the stretching stroke; Only the traditional passive damping effect is realized during the compression stroke, and the damping force can be semi-actively controlled during the stretch stroke; thus, the external characteristics of the hydraulic-electric energy-fed shock absorber can meet the driving comfort requirements of the vehicle. The damping force of the compression stroke of the existing hydraulic-electric shock absorbers is greater than that of the extension stroke, which is contrary to the external characteristics of the traditional hydraulic shock absorbers, and it is difficult to apply to the daily driving of the vehicle.
本发明的具体工作过程是：当簧载质量与非簧载质量作往复相对运动时，馈能减振器中的有阀系活塞15在液压工作缸14筒内也作往复运动。压缩行程时，有阀系活塞15在空心活塞杆17的推动下向支承座13方向移动，由于流通阀16的弹簧刚度小于压缩阀11的弹簧刚度，流通阀16开启时间早于压缩阀11，液压缸无杆腔24的高压油通过流通阀16进入液压缸有杆腔20，还有一部分油液推开压缩阀11，流回至储油缸18，或者进入低压蓄能器21，流通阀16和压缩阀11的节流作用形成压缩行程的阻尼力。伸张行程时，有阀系活塞15在空心活塞杆17的拉动下向导向座方向移动，液压缸有杆腔20的高压油经过空心活塞杆17，流至外部馈能回路，经蓄能器3的稳压作用下，驱动液压马达5沿固定方向旋转，带动发电机6回转运动，完成将振动机械能量转化为电能。液压缸有杆腔20的油液最终流回至储油缸18，由于补偿阀12的弹簧刚度较小，储油缸18的油液可以及时为液压缸无杆腔24补液，避免空程畸变现象的产生。伸张行程的阻尼力主要来自于高压油驱动液压马达5的阻力。依据簧载质量的垂直加速度和悬架动挠度的实时数据，通过电机矢量控制变频调速方式实时调节电机，改变驱动液压马达5的阻尼力，可实现馈能型悬架系统的阻尼力半主动控制。The specific working process of the present invention is: when the sprung mass and the unsprung mass are reciprocating relative to each other, the valved piston 15 in the energy-feeding shock absorber also reciprocates in the hydraulic cylinder 14 barrel. During the compression stroke, the piston 15 of the valve system moves toward the support seat 13 under the push of the hollow piston rod 17. Since the spring stiffness of the flow valve 16 is smaller than that of the compression valve 11, the opening time of the flow valve 16 is earlier than that of the compression valve 11. The high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber 24 of the hydraulic cylinder enters the rod chamber 20 of the hydraulic cylinder through the flow valve 16, and a part of the oil pushes the compression valve 11 and flows back to the oil storage cylinder 18, or enters the low-pressure accumulator 21, and the flow valve 16 And the throttling effect of the compression valve 11 forms the damping force of the compression stroke. During the stretching stroke, the piston 15 of the valve system moves toward the direction of the guide seat under the pull of the hollow piston rod 17, and the high-pressure oil in the rod chamber 20 of the hydraulic cylinder flows through the hollow piston rod 17 to the external energy feeding circuit, and passes through the accumulator 3 Under the action of voltage stabilization, the hydraulic motor 5 is driven to rotate in a fixed direction, and the generator 6 is driven to rotate, and the vibration mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. The oil in the rod chamber 20 of the hydraulic cylinder finally flows back to the oil storage cylinder 18. Since the spring stiffness of the compensating valve 12 is small, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 18 can replenish liquid in the rodless chamber 24 of the hydraulic cylinder in time to avoid the phenomenon of lost motion distortion. produce. The damping force of the extension stroke mainly comes from the resistance of the hydraulic motor 5 driven by high-pressure oil. According to the real-time data of the vertical acceleration of the sprung mass and the dynamic deflection of the suspension, the motor can be adjusted in real time through the motor vector control frequency conversion speed regulation method, and the damping force of the driving hydraulic motor 5 can be changed to realize the semi-active damping force of the energy-feeding suspension system control.
本发明的备选实施例也可采用另外一种相似结构方案，如图4和图5所示，即同时取消原活塞上的流通阀和伸张阀，保持活塞其他结构不变，在液压马达5的液压管路8上并联一个单向阀22，单向阀22的开启方向与液压马达5的旋转方向相反。压缩行程时，液压缸无杆腔24的高压油液推开压缩阀11，流回至储油缸18，而储油缸18里的油液可以推开单向阀22进入液压缸有杆腔20，及时补液，从而避免压缩行程产生空程畸变现象。在伸张行程时，由于单向阀22始终保持关闭状态，其液流路径及工作过程与上述主要实施例一样。Alternative embodiments of the present invention can also adopt another similar structural scheme, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, that is, the flow valve and the expansion valve on the original piston are canceled at the same time, and other structures of the piston are kept unchanged. A non-return valve 22 is connected in parallel on the hydraulic pipeline 8, and the opening direction of the non-return valve 22 is opposite to the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor 5. During the compression stroke, the high-pressure oil in the rodless chamber 24 of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the compression valve 11 and flows back to the oil storage cylinder 18, and the oil in the oil storage cylinder 18 can push the check valve 22 to enter the rod chamber 20 of the hydraulic cylinder. Replenish liquid in time, so as to avoid the empty stroke distortion caused by the compression stroke. During the extension stroke, since the one-way valve 22 remains closed all the time, its liquid flow path and working process are the same as those of the above-mentioned main embodiments.
可以理解的是，对本领域技术人员来说，对本发明的技术方案及发明构思加以等同替换或改变都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。It can be understood that, for those skilled in the art, equivalent replacements or changes to the technical solutions and inventive concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510329119.8ACN104976266A (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | Fluid electric energy feedback type semi-active control shock absorber system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510329119.8ACN104976266A (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | Fluid electric energy feedback type semi-active control shock absorber system |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104976266Atrue CN104976266A (en) | 2015-10-14 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510329119.8APendingCN104976266A (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2015-06-15 | Fluid electric energy feedback type semi-active control shock absorber system |
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| CN (1) | CN104976266A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20151014 |