技术领域technical field
本发明涉及口腔科义齿排牙训练及义齿平衡合展示和调整，尤其涉及一种全口义齿排牙训练演示模型。The invention relates to denture alignment training and denture balance display and adjustment in the department of stomatology, in particular to a complete denture alignment training demonstration model.
背景技术Background technique
口腔教学演示模型是专门提供给口腔医学临床及（或）其相关操作步骤教学中使用的模拟口腔器官、疾病过程、修复体制作步骤等模型的总称，可以帮助学习者直观感受口腔正常或异常状态和操作流程细节。Dental teaching demonstration model is a general term for the simulated oral organs, disease process, prosthesis production steps and other models specially provided for the teaching of clinical stomatology and (or) its related operation steps, which can help learners intuitively feel the normal or abnormal state of the oral cavity and operating procedure details.
全口义齿是对无牙颌或牙列缺失患者的常规修复治疗方法，是采用人工材料替代缺失的上颌或下颌完整牙列及相关组织的口腔修复体。全口排牙是全口义齿制作的核心步骤，每个人工牙的排列在三维方向上都有其具体的要求，其操作质量直接关系到全口义齿的佩戴稳定与咀嚼功能修复，具有至关重要的作用。因此，如何使口腔医技人员正确、熟练地掌全口排牙技术，减少或尽量避免因操作不当给无牙颌患者带来的不适、痛苦，甚至修复失败，已成为口腔医学教育和临床操作练习的重点。Complete denture is a routine restoration treatment for patients with edentulous or missing teeth. It is an oral restoration that uses artificial materials to replace the complete missing upper or lower jaw and related tissues. Complete tooth arrangement is the core step in the production of complete dentures. The arrangement of each artificial tooth has its specific requirements in the three-dimensional direction, and its operation quality is directly related to the wearing stability of the complete denture and the restoration of masticatory function. important role. Therefore, how to enable dental technicians to correctly and proficiently master the full-mouth tooth arrangement technique, reduce or avoid as much as possible the discomfort, pain, and even restoration failure caused by improper operation to edentulous patients has become an important aspect of stomatology education and clinical practice. The point of the exercise.
目前涉及全口义齿的模型主要有全口透明软胶标准模型、标准全口模型、全口可拆卸式模型等，主要用于展示标准的牙列形态、牙列咬合状态等等。这些模型大都是用途单一，仅能用于展示，无法用于排牙操作实践。At present, the models involving complete dentures mainly include full-mouth transparent soft glue standard models, standard full-mouth models, and full-mouth detachable models. Most of these models are single-purpose and can only be used for display, and cannot be used for tooth row operation practice.
现有技术中涉及的口腔教学的模型较多，中国专利CN203520746U公开了一种口腔科牙齿训练演示模型，该演示模型包括硬质材料制作的上、下颌，在牙槽嵴处开有凹槽，凹槽内按人体正常牙齿排列装有全口人工牙，人工牙的根部与凹槽底壁之间通过万向节连接。利用人工牙根部的万向节能够改变每个人工齿的排列状态，直观地展示多种牙齿畸形的实际状态。但是该专利方法主要用于口腔正畸领域，且人工牙在垂直方向上根本无法调整。而口腔修复领域的全口义齿人工牙是没有牙根，而且还需要进行三维方向的调整，目前还未见到相关技术公开。There are many oral teaching models involved in the prior art. Chinese patent CN203520746U discloses a dental training demonstration model in the department of stomatology. The demonstration model includes upper and lower jaws made of hard materials, and grooves are opened at the alveolar ridge. Full mouth artificial teeth are arranged in the groove according to the arrangement of normal teeth of the human body, and the roots of the artificial teeth and the bottom wall of the groove are connected by universal joints. The arrangement state of each artificial tooth can be changed by using the universal joint at the root of the artificial tooth, and the actual state of various tooth deformities can be visually displayed. But this patented method is mainly used in the field of orthodontics, and the artificial teeth cannot be adjusted in the vertical direction at all. However, the artificial teeth of complete dentures in the field of oral restoration have no roots, and also need to be adjusted in three-dimensional directions, and no relevant technology has been disclosed so far.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种全口义齿排牙训练演示模型，适用于无牙根的全口义齿人工牙的口腔修复，具有三维方向的调节能力，且结构简单，携带方便，操作灵活，制造容易，生产成本低。Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a complete denture tooth arrangement training demonstration model, which is suitable for oral restoration of complete denture artificial teeth without roots, has three-dimensional adjustment capabilities, and is simple in structure, easy to carry, and flexible to operate , easy to manufacture and low production cost.
对此，本发明的技术方案为：To this end, the technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种全口义齿排牙训练演示模型，包括咬合平面板，上、下颌模型，全口人工牙和伸缩万向节；所述上、下颌模型的牙槽嵴处设有马蹄形凹槽，所述马蹄形凹槽的开口位于所述上、下颌模型的后端两侧；所述全口人工牙内设有与牙长轴方向一致的连接螺杆；所述伸缩万向节的一端为球状连接端，所述球状连接端与所述马蹄形凹槽连接，所述伸缩万向节的另一端设有与所述连接螺杆相互连接的配合端，所述球状连接端与配合端之间设有伸缩构件，所述马蹄形凹槽与所述球状连接端之间设有填充物。其中，所述马蹄形凹槽为沿着牙槽嵴处全部贯串的线状的凹槽沟，所述凹槽的截面优选为上端有缺口的圆形。所述伸缩构件为具有伸缩功能的构件，其伸缩调整所述球状连接端与配合端之间的距离；所述伸缩构件优选雨伞的伸缩骨架结构。A complete denture training demo model, including occlusal plane board, upper and lower jaw models, full mouth artificial teeth and telescopic universal joints; the alveolar ridges of the upper and lower jaw models are provided with horseshoe-shaped grooves, the The opening of the horseshoe-shaped groove is located on both sides of the rear end of the upper and lower jaw models; the full-mouth artificial tooth is provided with a connecting screw in the same direction as the long axis of the tooth; one end of the telescopic universal joint is a spherical connection end, The spherical connecting end is connected to the horseshoe-shaped groove, the other end of the telescopic universal joint is provided with a mating end connected to the connecting screw, and a telescopic member is arranged between the spherical connecting end and the mating end, Fillers are provided between the horseshoe-shaped groove and the spherical connection end. Wherein, the horseshoe-shaped groove is a linear groove extending along the alveolar ridge, and the cross-section of the groove is preferably circular with a notch at the upper end. The telescopic member is a member with a telescopic function, which telescopically adjusts the distance between the spherical connection end and the mating end; the telescopic member is preferably a telescopic skeleton structure of an umbrella.
采用此技术方案，在所述上、下颌模型的牙槽嵴处设马蹄形凹槽，通过伸缩万向节来调整确定各个人工牙的三维位置，实现了三维重建标准的牙列；此技术方案不需要牙根进行固定，并克服了马蹄形线状的凹槽不容易固定的问题，采用伸缩万向节将全口人工牙通过其内部的连接螺杆固定到凹槽中，完成排牙，从而实现人工牙的三维定位；其中，所述上、下颌模型的牙槽嵴处的马蹄形凹槽，可使人工牙在马蹄形凹槽内滑动移位来确定位置。With this technical scheme, a horseshoe-shaped groove is set at the alveolar ridges of the upper and lower jaw models, and the three-dimensional position of each artificial tooth is adjusted and determined through a telescopic universal joint, thereby realizing a three-dimensional reconstruction of a standard dentition; this technical scheme does not The root of the tooth needs to be fixed, and the problem that the horseshoe-shaped linear groove is not easy to fix is overcome. The telescopic universal joint is used to fix the full-mouth artificial tooth into the groove through the internal connecting screw to complete the tooth arrangement, thereby realizing the artificial tooth. The three-dimensional positioning; wherein, the horseshoe-shaped grooves at the alveolar ridges of the upper and lower jaw models can make the artificial teeth slide and shift in the horseshoe-shaped grooves to determine the position.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述全口人工牙包括前牙人工牙和后牙人工牙，所述前牙人工牙内设有与牙长轴方向一致的万向节螺杆，所述后牙人工牙的盖嵴部设有与牙长轴方向一致的固定连接螺杆。As a further improvement of the present invention, the full-mouth artificial teeth include anterior artificial teeth and posterior artificial teeth, the anterior artificial teeth are provided with a universal joint screw consistent with the long axis direction of the teeth, and the posterior artificial teeth The cap ridge of the tooth is provided with a fixed connection screw in the same direction as the long axis of the tooth.
采用此技术方案，在所述前牙人工牙内设有与牙长轴方向一致的万向节螺杆，通过万向节螺杆的万向节实现了前牙的更多位置变化，更能满足人工排牙的需求。With this technical solution, a universal joint screw that is consistent with the long axis of the tooth is provided in the artificial tooth of the anterior tooth, and more position changes of the anterior teeth can be realized through the universal joint of the universal joint screw, which can better meet the requirements of artificial teeth. Teeth needs.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述配合端的内壁设有螺纹结构，所述螺纹结构与所述连接螺杆相互配合。As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner wall of the matching end is provided with a threaded structure, and the threaded structure cooperates with the connecting screw.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述伸缩万向节包括固定构件和活动构件，所述固定构件的头部设有球状连接端，所述固定构件的下部与所述活动构件的一端连接，并套设于所述活动构件内，所述活动构件的另一端为配合端。As a further improvement of the present invention, the telescopic universal joint includes a fixed member and a movable member, the head of the fixed member is provided with a spherical connection end, the lower part of the fixed member is connected to one end of the movable member, and It is arranged in the movable member, and the other end of the movable member is a matching end.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述固定构件和活动构件的侧壁上相对的位置设有凹槽。As a further improvement of the present invention, grooves are provided at opposite positions on the side walls of the fixed member and the movable member.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凹槽为V形或U形。As a further improvement of the present invention, the groove is V-shaped or U-shaped.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述马蹄形凹槽的宽度略大于所述伸缩万向节的外径，所述马蹄形凹槽与所述球状连接端之间设有弹性填充物。As a further improvement of the present invention, the width of the horseshoe-shaped groove is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the telescopic universal joint, and an elastic filler is provided between the horseshoe-shaped groove and the spherical connection end.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述咬合平面板的上表面设有上颌标准合托弧线，所述上颌标准合托弧线的前端设有指针凹槽，所述指针凹槽与水平面的夹角为85°，用以容纳角度指针。As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper surface of the occlusal plane plate is provided with a maxillary standard occlusal arc, and the front end of the maxillary standard occlusal arc is provided with a pointer groove, and the angle between the pointer groove and the horizontal plane 85° to accommodate the angle pointer.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述全口义齿排牙训练演示模型包括平均值合架，所述上、下颌模型的底部设有螺母，所述上、下颌模型通过螺杆与所平均值合架连接。As a further improvement of the present invention, the complete denture training demonstration model includes an average joint frame, the bottom of the upper and lower jaw models is provided with nuts, and the upper and lower jaw models are connected to the average joint frame by screws .
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述咬合平面板的材料为透明塑料；所述上、下颌模型的材料为硬质材料；所述伸缩万向节的材料为金属材料；所述全口人工牙的材料为牙色树脂。As a further improvement of the present invention, the material of the occlusal plane plate is transparent plastic; the material of the upper and lower jaw models is hard material; the material of the telescopic universal joint is metal material; The material is tooth-colored resin.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述全口人工牙中，与最外侧的人工牙连接的伸缩万向节的球状连接端和所述马蹄形凹槽之间设有固定装置，所述固定装置优选为螺丝或螺钉。As a further improvement of the present invention, in the full-mouth artificial tooth, a fixing device is provided between the spherical connection end of the telescopic universal joint connected to the outermost artificial tooth and the horseshoe-shaped groove, and the fixing device is preferably screw or screws.
进一步优选的，所述与全口人工牙的连接的每个伸缩万向节的球状连接端和所述马蹄形凹槽之间都设有固定装置，所述固定装置优选为螺丝或螺钉。Further preferably, a fixing device is provided between the spherical connection end of each telescopic universal joint connected to the full-mouth artificial tooth and the horseshoe-shaped groove, and the fixing device is preferably a screw or a screw.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述全口人工牙中，所述全口人工牙中，位于中间的人工牙所连接的伸缩万向节的内侧、以及位于最外侧的人工牙所连接的伸缩万向节的外侧，设有固定构件，所述固定构件与所述马蹄形凹槽连接，用以固定伸缩万向节的位置。As a further improvement of the present invention, in the full-mouth artificial tooth, in the full-mouth artificial tooth, the inner side of the telescopic universal joint connected to the artificial tooth located in the middle, and the telescopic universal joint connected to the artificial tooth located in the outermost The outer side of the knuckle is provided with a fixing member, and the fixing member is connected with the horseshoe-shaped groove to fix the position of the telescopic universal joint.
本发明主要通过伸缩万向节的伸缩，及全口人工牙和伸缩万向节的分离与结合的创新，从而克服已有技术的缺陷，使得实验训练操作更接近实际的临床操作，有利于学生更加真实的模拟学习全口义齿临床排牙操作，实现全口人工牙排列的仿真训练，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：The present invention mainly through the expansion and contraction of the telescopic universal joint, and the innovation of the separation and combination of the full mouth artificial tooth and the telescopic universal joint, thus overcomes the defects of the prior art, makes the experimental training operation closer to the actual clinical operation, and is beneficial to students More realistic simulation learning of the clinical tooth arrangement operation of complete dentures, realizing the simulation training of the arrangement of full artificial teeth. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
第一，适用于无牙根的全口义齿人工牙的口腔修复，具有三维方向的调节能力。First, it is suitable for oral restoration of complete denture artificial teeth without roots, and has the ability to adjust in three dimensions.
第二，组合式结构，各部件可根据需要进行组合拆卸。Second, combined structure, each component can be combined and disassembled according to needs.
第三，操作简单，本训练模型没有复杂的机械传动装置，通过简单的万向节、伸缩便可调节操作。Third, the operation is simple. This training model does not have complicated mechanical transmission devices, and the operation can be adjusted through simple universal joints and expansion and contraction.
第四，携带方便，采用可拆卸式设计，当不工作时可将各部件拆卸后放入专门配备的工具盒中，占用空间小、方便携带，而且还能有效地保护部件的外观或避免受损。Fourth, it is easy to carry and adopts a detachable design. When not working, the parts can be disassembled and put into a specially equipped tool box. It takes up little space and is easy to carry. It can also effectively protect the appearance of the parts or avoid damage damage.
因此，本发明的技术方案结构简单、携带方便、操作灵活、制造容易、生产成本低，具有很好的推广和应用前景。Therefore, the technical solution of the present invention is simple in structure, convenient to carry, flexible in operation, easy in manufacture, low in production cost, and has good promotion and application prospects.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种实施例的安装结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是本发明一种实施例的咬合平面板的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an occlusal plane plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图3是本发明一种实施例的咬合平面板的侧视图。Figure 3 is a side view of an occlusal plane plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.
图4是本发明一种实施例的上、下颌模型的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower jaw models of an embodiment of the present invention.
图5是本发明一种实施例的上、下颌模型的后侧结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the upper and lower jaw models according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明一种实施例的前牙人工牙的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an anterior artificial tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明一种实施例的前牙人工牙的侧面结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the side structure of an anterior artificial tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明一种实施例的后牙人工牙的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a posterior artificial tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图9是本发明一种实施例的后牙人工牙的侧面结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the side structure of a posterior artificial tooth according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图10是本发明一种实施例的伸缩万向节的结构示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic universal joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图11是本发明一种实施例的伸缩万向节的横截面结构示意图。Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a telescopic universal joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图12是本发明另一种实施例的装有固定构件的安装结构示意图。Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an installation structure equipped with fixing components according to another embodiment of the present invention.
图13是本发明另一种实施例的固定构件的侧视图。Fig. 13 is a side view of a fixing member according to another embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图，对本发明的较优的实施例作进一步的详细说明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1~图11所示，一种全口义齿排牙训练演示模型，该模型包括咬合平面板1，上、下颌模型2，伸缩万向节3，全口人工牙4。As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 11, a complete denture teeth arrangement training demonstration model includes an occlusal plane plate 1, upper and lower jaw models 2, a telescopic universal joint 3, and a full mouth artificial tooth 4.
如图2和图3所示，咬合平面板1，为透明塑料板，可与平均值合架5配套，咬合平面板1上面附有上颌标准合托弧线11，标准合托弧线11的前端有一与水平面成85度夹角的指针凹槽12，用以容纳角度指针7。优选的，所述标准合托弧线11的后端设有收纳角度指针7的收纳槽13。As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the occlusal plane plate 1 is a transparent plastic plate, which can be matched with the average joint frame 5. The occlusal plane plate 1 is provided with the maxillary standard joint support arc 11, and the standard joint support arc 11 The front end has a pointer groove 12 at an angle of 85 degrees with the horizontal plane to accommodate the angle pointer 7 . Preferably, the rear end of the standard supporting arc 11 is provided with a storage groove 13 for storing the angle pointer 7 .
如图4和图5所示，上、下颌模型2，由硬质材料制作，在牙槽嵴处开有马蹄形凹槽21，马蹄形凹槽21开口位于上、下颌模型2的后端两侧；在上、下颌模型2的底部有螺母22，所述上、下颌模型2通过螺杆23与底部的螺母22连接，从而与平均值合架5连接固定。马蹄形凹槽21的宽度略大于伸缩万向节3的外径，马蹄形凹槽21内与所述伸缩万向节3之间的剩余空间由弹性材料24填充。As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the upper and lower jaw models 2 are made of hard materials, and there are horseshoe-shaped grooves 21 at the alveolar ridge, and the openings of the horseshoe-shaped grooves 21 are located on both sides of the rear end of the upper and lower jaw models 2; There are nuts 22 at the bottom of the upper and lower jaw models 2, and the upper and lower jaw models 2 are connected with the nuts 22 at the bottom through a screw rod 23, so as to be connected and fixed with the mean frame 5. The width of the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the telescopic universal joint 3 , and the remaining space between the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 and the telescopic universal joint 3 is filled with an elastic material 24 .
如图6~图9所示，全口人工牙4，采用牙色树脂材料制作，包括前牙人工牙41和后牙人工牙42，前牙人工牙41内部嵌有与牙长轴方向一致的金属材质的万向节螺杆43，后牙人工牙42盖嵴部有与牙长轴方向一致的金属材质的固定连接螺杆44，万向节螺杆43和固定连接螺杆44均可旋入伸缩万向节3下端。As shown in Figures 6 to 9, the full-mouth artificial tooth 4 is made of tooth-colored resin material, and includes an anterior artificial tooth 41 and a posterior artificial tooth 42. The universal joint screw rod 43 of metal material, the back tooth artificial tooth 42 cover ridge part has the fixed connection screw rod 44 of metal material consistent with the long axis direction of the teeth, the universal joint screw rod 43 and the fixed connection screw rod 44 can be screwed into the telescopic universal joint Section 3 lower end.
如图10和图11所示，伸缩万向节3，由金属材料制作，所述伸缩万向节3包括固定构件31和中空的活动构件32，所述固定构件31的头部设有球状连接端33，与所述马蹄形凹槽21连接，可伸入马蹄形凹槽21内进行旋转；所述固定构件31的下部与所述活动构件32的一端连接，并嵌套设置于所述活动构件32内；所述活动构件32的另一端为螺纹口34，所述螺纹口34的内壁设有螺纹，螺纹口34与前牙人工牙41的万向节螺杆43或后牙人工牙42的固定连接螺杆44相互连接配合；所述固定构件31和活动构件32的侧壁上相对的位置设有凹槽35，所述凹槽35为U形。所述固定构件31和活动构件32之间可伸缩，可以调整伸缩万向节3的长度。所述固定构件31的底部外径大于所述活动构件32的口径，以防止固定构件31与活动构件32脱开。As shown in Figures 10 and 11, the telescopic universal joint 3 is made of metal material, and the telescopic universal joint 3 includes a fixed member 31 and a hollow movable member 32, and the head of the fixed member 31 is provided with a spherical connection The end 33 is connected with the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 and can be inserted into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 for rotation; the lower part of the fixed member 31 is connected with one end of the movable member 32 and nested in the movable member 32 Inside; the other end of the movable member 32 is a threaded port 34, the inner wall of the threaded port 34 is provided with threads, and the threaded port 34 is fixedly connected with the universal joint screw rod 43 of the anterior artificial tooth 41 or the posterior artificial tooth 42 The screw rods 44 are connected and matched with each other; grooves 35 are provided at opposite positions on the side walls of the fixed member 31 and the movable member 32, and the grooves 35 are U-shaped. The fixed member 31 and the movable member 32 are telescopic, and the length of the telescopic universal joint 3 can be adjusted. The outer diameter of the bottom of the fixed member 31 is larger than the diameter of the movable member 32 to prevent the fixed member 31 from being disengaged from the movable member 32 .
马蹄形凹槽21的宽度略大于伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33的外径，马蹄形凹槽21内与所述球状连接端33的剩余空间由弹性材料24填充。The width of the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3 , and the remaining space between the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 and the spherical connection end 33 is filled with the elastic material 24 .
如图1~图11所示，采用以下方法进行安装排牙：As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 11, the following methods are used to install the row of teeth:
1、通过螺杆23将上、下颌模型2固定于平均值合架5上，旋紧螺杆23使其与底部的螺母22固定连接。1. Fix the upper and lower jaw models 2 on the mean value joint frame 5 through the screw rod 23, and tighten the screw rod 23 to make it fixedly connected with the nut 22 at the bottom.
2、将咬合平面板1安装于平均值合架5上，将角度指针7插入指针凹槽12中。2. Install the occlusal plane plate 1 on the mean value joint frame 5, and insert the angle pointer 7 into the pointer groove 12.
3、将前牙人工牙41的万向节螺杆43、后牙人工牙42的固定连接螺杆44分别旋入各自的伸缩万向节3中。3. Screw the universal joint screw rod 43 of the front artificial tooth 41 and the fixed connecting screw rod 44 of the posterior artificial tooth 42 into the telescopic universal joints 3 respectively.
4、将中间位置的固定结构8套入马蹄形凹槽21中，按照排牙顺序，将连接前牙人工牙41后牙人工牙42的伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33，从上、下颌模型2的后端开口处套入马蹄形凹槽21中，通过调整人工牙的伸缩万向节3的伸缩程度、伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33的位置角度来调节人工牙的位置，使其排列角度、与角度指针7、咬合平面板1及标准合托弧线11的位置关系正确。4. Insert the fixed structure 8 at the middle position into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21, and according to the sequence of tooth arrangement, connect the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3 connecting the artificial teeth 41 of the front teeth to the artificial teeth of the rear teeth 42, from the upper and lower jaws The rear end opening of the model 2 is inserted into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21, and the position of the artificial tooth is adjusted by adjusting the degree of expansion and contraction of the telescopic universal joint 3 of the artificial tooth and the position angle of the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3, so that The arrangement angle and the positional relationship with the angle pointer 7, the occlusal plane plate 1 and the standard supporting arc 11 are correct.
拆卸整理按照以上述操作的相反顺序即可完成模型的拆卸整理工作。 Disassembly and arrangement The disassembly and arrangement of the model can be completed in the reverse order of the above operations.
实施例2Example 2
如图12和图13所示，在实施例1的基础上，本例所述全口人工牙4中，所述全口人工牙4中，位于中间的人工牙所连接的伸缩万向节3的内侧、以及位于最外侧的人工牙所连接的伸缩万向节3的外侧，设有固定构件8，所述固定构件8与所述马蹄形凹槽21之间采用螺丝9固定连接，用以固定伸缩万向节3的位置。如图12和图13所示，所述固定构件8的前端圆弧端顶住伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33，然后采用螺丝9将所述固定构件8与上、下颌模型2的马蹄形凹槽21固定。As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, on the basis of Embodiment 1, in the full-mouth artificial tooth 4 described in this example, in the full-mouth artificial tooth 4, the telescopic universal joint 3 connected by the artificial tooth in the middle The inner side of the inner side and the outer side of the telescopic universal joint 3 connected to the outermost artificial tooth are provided with a fixing member 8, and the fixing member 8 is fixedly connected with the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 by using a screw 9 for fixing The position of telescoping universal joint 3. As shown in Fig. 12 and Fig. 13, the arc end of the front end of the fixed member 8 bears against the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3, and then the fixed member 8 is connected to the horseshoe-shaped joint of the upper and lower jaw models 2 by screws 9. Groove 21 is fixed.
安装排牙时，在实施例1的四个步骤的基础上，增加一个步骤，即结合图1~图11所示，采用以下方法进行安装排牙：When installing the row of teeth, on the basis of the four steps in Example 1, add a step, that is, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 11, use the following method to install the row of teeth:
1、通过螺杆23将上、下颌模型2固定于平均值合架5上，旋紧螺杆23使其与底部的螺母22固定连接。1. Fix the upper and lower jaw models 2 on the mean value joint frame 5 through the screw rod 23, and tighten the screw rod 23 to make it fixedly connected with the nut 22 at the bottom.
2、将咬合平面板1安装于平均值合架5上，将角度指针7插入指针凹槽12中。2. Install the occlusal plane plate 1 on the mean value joint frame 5, and insert the angle pointer 7 into the pointer groove 12.
3、将前牙人工牙41的万向节螺杆43、后牙人工牙42的固定连接螺杆44分别旋入各自的伸缩万向节3中。3. Screw the universal joint screw rod 43 of the front artificial tooth 41 and the fixed connecting screw rod 44 of the posterior artificial tooth 42 into the telescopic universal joints 3 respectively.
4、将中间位置的固定结构8套入马蹄形凹槽21中，按照排牙顺序，将连接前牙人工牙41后牙人工牙42的伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33，从上、下颌模型2的后端开口处套入马蹄形凹槽21中，通过调整人工牙的伸缩万向节3的伸缩程度、伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33的位置角度来调节人工牙的位置，使其排列角度、与角度指针7、咬合平面板1及标准合托弧线11的位置关系正确。4. Insert the fixed structure 8 at the middle position into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21, and according to the sequence of tooth arrangement, connect the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3 connecting the artificial teeth 41 of the front teeth to the artificial teeth of the rear teeth 42, from the upper and lower jaws The rear end opening of the model 2 is inserted into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21, and the position of the artificial tooth is adjusted by adjusting the degree of expansion and contraction of the telescopic universal joint 3 of the artificial tooth and the position angle of the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3, so that The arrangement angle and the positional relationship with the angle pointer 7, the occlusal plane plate 1 and the standard supporting arc 11 are correct.
5. 将固定构件8套入中间及最外侧的人工牙旁边的马蹄形凹槽21中，所述固定构件8的前端圆弧端顶住或卡住所述伸缩万向节3的球状连接端33，然后采用螺丝9将所述固定构件8与上、下颌模型2的马蹄形凹槽21固定，每个马蹄形凹槽21需要四个固定构件8，总共采用八个固定构件8。5. Insert the fixing member 8 into the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 next to the middle and outermost artificial tooth, and the front arc end of the fixing member 8 withstands or blocks the spherical connection end 33 of the telescopic universal joint 3 , and then use screws 9 to fix the fixing member 8 to the horseshoe-shaped groove 21 of the upper and lower jaw models 2, each horseshoe-shaped groove 21 requires four fixing members 8, and a total of eight fixing members 8 are used.
本发明主要克服了已有技术的缺陷，使得实验训练操作更接近实际的临床操作，有利于学生更加真实的模拟学习全口义齿临床排牙操作，实现了三维方向调整人工牙的全口义齿排牙训练，本设计结构简单、携带方便、操作灵活、制造容易、生产成本低，具有很好的推广和应用前景。The present invention mainly overcomes the defects of the prior art, makes the experimental training operation closer to the actual clinical operation, is beneficial for students to more realistically simulate and learn the clinical tooth arrangement operation of complete dentures, and realizes the three-dimensional direction adjustment of the complete denture arrangement of artificial teeth Dental training, the design is simple in structure, convenient to carry, flexible in operation, easy to manufacture, low in production cost, and has good promotion and application prospects.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deduction or replacement can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510397440.XACN104966451B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of complete denture setup trains demonstrating model |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510397440.XACN104966451B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of complete denture setup trains demonstrating model |
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| CN104966451Btrue CN104966451B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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| CN201510397440.XAExpired - Fee RelatedCN104966451B (en) | 2015-07-08 | 2015-07-08 | A kind of complete denture setup trains demonstrating model |
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