技术领域technical field
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种NAT64资源获取方法及获取/分配装置。The present invention relates to the communication field, in particular, to a NAT64 resource acquisition method and an acquisition/allocation device.
背景技术Background technique
目前，相关技术中的网络地址转换（Network Address Translation，简称为NAT）属于接入广域网（WAN）技术，是一种将私有（保留）地址转化为合法互联网协议（IP）地址的转换技术，其被广泛应用于各种类型的因特网接入方式和各种类型的网络中。NAT能够解决IP地址匮乏的问题。At present, Network Address Translation (NAT for short) in related technologies belongs to the technology of accessing the wide area network (WAN), and is a conversion technology for converting private (reserved) addresses into legal Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. It is widely used in various types of Internet access methods and various types of networks. NAT can solve the problem of lack of IP addresses.
随着IPv4地址资源的枯竭以及IPv6网络的逐步部署，网络中存在的大面积的IPv4网络和新建立的IPv6网络使得运营商迫切需要解决IPv6/IPv4共存时的各种IPv6网络和IPv4网络之间的互访问题。NAT64技术和DNS64技术是解决此种场景下的IPv6和IPv4互访的一种实用技术。With the exhaustion of IPv4 address resources and the gradual deployment of IPv6 networks, the large-scale IPv4 networks and newly established IPv6 networks in the network make it urgent for operators to solve the problems between various IPv6 networks and IPv4 networks when IPv6/IPv4 coexist. exchange of visits. NAT64 technology and DNS64 technology are a practical technology to solve the mutual access between IPv6 and IPv4 in this scenario.
下面将对NAT64和DNS64的技术原理做以简单的介绍。The following will briefly introduce the technical principles of NAT64 and DNS64.
NAT64是一种有状态的网络地址与协议转换技术，一般只支持通过IPv6网络侧用户发起连接访问IPv4侧网络资源。但NAT64也支持通过手工配置静态映射关系，实现IPv4网络主动发起连接访问IPv6网络。NAT64可实现TCP、UDP、ICMP协议下的IPv6与IPv4网络地址和协议转换。NAT64 is a stateful network address and protocol conversion technology, which generally only supports access to network resources on the IPv4 side through connections initiated by users on the IPv6 network side. However, NAT64 also supports manual configuration of static mapping relationships, enabling IPv4 networks to actively initiate connections to access IPv6 networks. NAT64 can realize IPv6 and IPv4 network address and protocol conversion under TCP, UDP, and ICMP protocols.
DNS64则主要是配合NAT64工作，主要是将DNS查询信息中的A记录（IPv4地址）合成到AAAA记录（IPv6地址），并返回合成的AAAA记录用户给IPv6侧用户。DNS64 mainly cooperates with NAT64 to synthesize A record (IPv4 address) in DNS query information into AAAA record (IPv6 address), and return the synthesized AAAA record to IPv6 side users.
NAT64和DNS64的常见应用场景组网如图1所示，DNS64Server与NAT64Router是完全独立的部分。其中64:FF9B::/96为DNS64的知名前缀，DNS64一般默认使用此前缀进行IPv4地址到IPv6地址的合成，同时该前缀也作为NAT64的转换前缀，实现匹配该前缀的流量才做NAT64转换。一般在DNS64与NAT64中该前缀被表示为pref64::/n，其中，pref64标识NAT64前缀，n标识NAT64前缀长度，该前缀除了使用知名前缀，网络部署时可根据实际网络情况进行灵活配置。该前缀长度支持：32,40,48,56,64或96等范围，每种长度的前缀转换规则也不完全相同。The networking of common application scenarios of NAT64 and DNS64 is shown in Figure 1. DNS64Server and NAT64Router are completely independent parts. Among them, 64:FF9B::/96 is the well-known prefix of DNS64. DNS64 generally uses this prefix to synthesize IPv4 addresses to IPv6 addresses by default. At the same time, this prefix is also used as the conversion prefix of NAT64. Only the traffic matching this prefix is converted by NAT64. Generally, in DNS64 and NAT64, the prefix is expressed as pref64::/n, where pref64 identifies the NAT64 prefix, and n indicates the length of the NAT64 prefix. In addition to using well-known prefixes, the prefix can be flexibly configured according to actual network conditions during network deployment. The prefix length supports: 32, 40, 48, 56, 64 or 96 and other ranges, and the prefix conversion rules of each length are not exactly the same.
在图1中，当IPv6Only User发起连接访问普通IPv6网站，流量将会匹配IPv6默认路由而直接转发至IPv6Router处理。当IPv6Only User发起连接访问的是IPv4单协议栈的服务器时，IPv6Only User无法获取目的IPv4Server地址对应的IPv6地址信息，于是发送DNS请求到DNS64Server，查找到该IPv4Server对应的是IPv4地址，即A记录，然后，需要DNS64Server进行前缀合成，即将A记录和pref64::/n合成为AAAA记录，返回给IPv6OnlyUser。pref64::/n网段的流量将被路由转发至NAT64Router上，从而实现IPv6与IPv4地址和协议的转换，访问IPv4网络中的资源。In Figure 1, when an IPv6Only User initiates a connection to visit an ordinary IPv6 website, the traffic will match the IPv6 default route and be directly forwarded to the IPv6Router for processing. When the IPv6Only User initiates a connection to access a server with an IPv4 single protocol stack, the IPv6Only User cannot obtain the IPv6 address information corresponding to the destination IPv4Server address, so it sends a DNS request to the DNS64Server, and finds out that the IPv4Server corresponds to the IPv4 address, that is, the A record. Then, DNS64Server is required to perform prefix synthesis, that is, synthesize A record and pref64::/n into AAAA record, and return it to IPv6OnlyUser. The traffic on the pref64::/n network segment will be routed and forwarded to the NAT64Router, so as to realize the conversion of IPv6 and IPv4 addresses and protocols, and access resources in the IPv4 network.
在图1中，需要DNS64协同NAT64一起工作，对于网络中没有部署DNS64的场景，NAT64就不能独立完成IPv6/IPv4互访。所以，针对NAT64独立工作的情况，需要能有相应的技术方案呈现以简化现有网络，并简化网络升级过程中的网络部署范围。In Figure 1, DNS64 needs to work with NAT64. For scenarios where DNS64 is not deployed on the network, NAT64 cannot independently complete IPv6/IPv4 mutual access. Therefore, for the situation where NAT64 works independently, it is necessary to present a corresponding technical solution to simplify the existing network and simplify the scope of network deployment during the network upgrade process.
当前有通过PCP方式获取NAT64的pref64::/n的技术方案：draft-ietf-pcp-nat64-prefix64-04，该草案通过扩展PCP协议新增PREFIX64Option使得PCP Client从NAT64-Controlled PCP Server获取pref64::/n、IPv6Suffix以及IPv4Prefix List等信息；但是该技术方案需要用户和NAT64设备使能PCP协议，而PCP协议本身并没有广泛应用在网络中。Currently, there is a technical solution to obtain NAT64's pref64::/n through PCP: draft-ietf-pcp-nat64-prefix64-04. This draft adds PREFIX64Option by extending the PCP protocol to enable PCP Client to obtain pref64 from NAT64-Controlled PCP Server: :/n, IPv6Suffix, IPv4Prefix List and other information; however, this technical solution requires users and NAT64 devices to enable the PCP protocol, and the PCP protocol itself is not widely used in the network.
邻居发现协议（Neighbor Discovery Protocol，简称为NDP）是IPv6的一个关键的基础协议，同时也是IPv4某些协议与IPv6综合起来的升级和改进，例如：地址解析协议（ARP），网际控制报文协议（ICMP）路由器发现和ICMP重定向等。而ND协议具体可以包括：前缀发现、邻居不可达监测、重复地址监测、地址自动配置等。Neighbor Discovery Protocol (Neighbor Discovery Protocol, referred to as NDP) is a key basic protocol of IPv6, and it is also an upgrade and improvement of some protocols of IPv4 and IPv6, such as Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) router discovery and ICMP redirection etc. The ND protocol specifically may include: prefix discovery, neighbor unreachability monitoring, duplicate address monitoring, address automatic configuration, and the like.
ND报文中包含选项字段，其可以填充一个或者多个选项，例如：当进行地址自动配置时，通过ND选项下发域名系统（DNS）服务器地址。ND同时还定义了一些标准选项，根据需要也可以定义私有选项来扩展ND的功能，由此可以看出ND具有良好的扩展性。The ND message contains an option field, which can be filled with one or more options. For example, when performing address automatic configuration, the domain name system (DNS) server address is issued through the ND option. ND also defines some standard options, and private options can also be defined to expand the functions of ND according to the needs. It can be seen that ND has good scalability.
针对相关技术中缺乏合适的NAT64的pref64::/n资源信息分配方法的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。Aiming at the lack of a suitable NAT64 pref64::/n resource information allocation method in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed yet.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供了一种NAT64资源获取方法及获取/分配装置，以至少解决上述问题。The present invention provides a NAT64 resource acquisition method and acquisition/allocation device to at least solve the above problems.
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种NAT64资源获取方法，包括：向服务器端设备发送路由器请求RS消息，并接收来自于服务器端设备的第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；和/或，接收服务器端设备主动发送的第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for acquiring NAT64 resources is provided, including: sending a Router Request RS message to a server-side device, and receiving a first Router Advertisement RA message from the server-side device, wherein the RS message carried The information includes: pref64::/n resource request, and the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; The second RA message, wherein the information carried in the second RA message includes: information about actively allocated pref64::/n resources.
优选地，pref64::/n资源请求和分配的pref64::/n资源信息包括：pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度，和/或IPv6后缀信息，和/或IPv4前缀列表。Preferably, the pref64::/n resource information requested and allocated by the pref64::/n resource includes: pref64::/n prefix information and prefix length, and/or IPv6 suffix information, and/or IPv4 prefix list.
优选地，RS消息中携带有扩展的ND选项，其中，ND选项的内容为请求pref64::/n资源信息。Preferably, the RS message carries an extended ND option, wherein the content of the ND option is to request pref64::/n resource information.
优选地，第一RA消息和第二RA消息中携带有扩展的ND选项，其中，ND选项的内容为分配的pref64::/n资源信息。Preferably, the first RA message and the second RA message carry an extended ND option, wherein the content of the ND option is allocated pref64::/n resource information.
优选地，在接收到第一RA消息或第二RA消息之后，还包括：检测本地是否已经保存有服务器设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息；在检测结果为否的情况下，对服务器端设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息进行保存，并设置老化时间，在检测结果为是的情况下，将已经保存的pref64::/n资源信息更新为新分配的pref64::/n资源信息，并重置老化时间。Preferably, after receiving the first RA message or the second RA message, it also includes: detecting whether the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the server device has been saved locally; Save the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the device, and set the aging time. If the detection result is yes, update the saved pref64::/n resource information to the newly allocated pref64::/n resource information , and reset the aging time.
优选地，在保存根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息之后，还包括：从保存的pref64::/n资源信息中选取pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度和/或IPv6后缀信息，对IPv6客户端发送至IPv4广域网服务器的报文的目的IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照合成后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。Preferably, after saving the pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request, it also includes: selecting the pref64::/n prefix information and the prefix length sum from the saved pref64::/n resource information /or IPv6 suffix information, perform IPv6 address synthesis on the destination IPv4 address of the message sent by the IPv6 client to the IPv4 WAN server, and forward the message according to the synthesized IPv6 address.
优选地，第一RA消息或第二RA消息包括：一个或者多个pref64::/n资源信息。Preferably, the first RA message or the second RA message includes: one or more pref64::/n resource information.
优选地，在接收到不同的服务器端设备发送的第一RA消息或第二RA消息之后，还包括：对不同的服务器端设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息分别进行保存和更新。Preferably, after receiving the first RA message or the second RA message sent by different server-end devices, the method further includes: respectively saving and updating the pref64::/n resource information allocated by different server-end devices.
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种NAT64资源获取装置，位于客户端设备，包括：处理模块，用于向服务器端设备发送路由器请求RS消息，并接收来自于服务器端设备的第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；和/或，接收模块，用于接收服务器端设备主动发送的第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。According to another aspect of the present invention, a NAT64 resource acquisition device is provided, located in a client device, including: a processing module, configured to send a router request RS message to a server device, and receive a first router request from the server device Notifying an RA message, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes: a pref64::/n resource request, and the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; And/or, a receiving module, configured to receive a second RA message actively sent by the server-side device, where the information carried in the second RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information actively allocated.
优选地，该装置还包括：保存及更新模块，用于对接收到的第一RA消息和/或第二RA消息中携带的pref64::/n资源信息进行保存和/或更新，并设置老化时间；合成模块，用于从保存的pref64::/n资源信息中选取pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度和/或IPv6后缀信息，对IPv6客户端发送至IPv4广域网服务器的报文的目的IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照合成后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。Preferably, the device further includes: a save and update module, configured to save and/or update the pref64::/n resource information carried in the received first RA message and/or second RA message, and set the aging Time; synthesis module, used to select pref64::/n prefix information and prefix length and/or IPv6 suffix information from saved pref64::/n resource information, and send to the purpose of the message of IPv4 wide area network server for IPv6 client The IPv4 address is synthesized into an IPv6 address, and the packet is forwarded according to the synthesized IPv6 address.
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种NAT64资源分配装置，位于服务器设备，包括：第一分配模块，用于根据客户端设备发送的路由器请求RS消息，向客户端设备发送第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；第二分配模块，用于向客户端设备发送第二路由器通告RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。According to another aspect of the present invention, a NAT64 resource allocation device is provided, located in a server device, including: a first allocation module, configured to send a first router advertisement to a client device according to a router request RS message sent by the client device RA message, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request, the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; The second allocation module is configured to send a second Router Advertisement RA message to the client device, where the information carried in the second RA message includes: actively allocated pref64::/n resource information.
优选地，该装置还包括：处理模块，用于对出向报文中的目的IPv6地址与本地存储的pref64::/n资源中的IPv6前缀信息进行匹配，在匹配成功的情况下，对源IPv6地址进行NAT64翻译，将翻译后的报文进行转发，和，对入向报文中的目的IPv4地址进行NAT64翻译，对源IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照翻译后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。Preferably, the device further includes: a processing module, configured to match the destination IPv6 address in the outgoing message with the IPv6 prefix information in the locally stored pref64::/n resource, and if the match is successful, the source IPv6 Perform NAT64 translation on the address, forward the translated message, and perform NAT64 translation on the destination IPv4 address in the incoming message, perform IPv6 address synthesis on the source IPv4 address, and forward the message according to the translated IPv6 address .
通过本发明，采用通过扩展ND协议中的RS消息和RA消息的，在完成IPv6地址无状态自动配置的同时，实现pref64::/n资源的自动分配的方式，解决了相关技术中缺乏合适的NAT64的pref64::/n资源信息分配方法的问题，这样以来，无需在网络中使能PCP协议即可简单的解决NAT64场景中存在的很多问题，进而达到了减小维护的复杂性，增强过渡到纯IPv6的便利性的效果。Through the present invention, by extending the RS message and RA message in the ND protocol, while completing the stateless automatic configuration of the IPv6 address, the automatic allocation of pref64::/n resources is realized, which solves the lack of suitable methods in the related art The problem of NAT64's pref64::/n resource information allocation method, so that many problems in the NAT64 scenario can be easily solved without enabling the PCP protocol in the network, thereby reducing the complexity of maintenance and enhancing the transition to the effect of the convenience of pure IPv6.
附图说明Description of drawings
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是根据相关技术的NAT64和DNS64的常见应用场景组网示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a common application scenario networking of NAT64 and DNS64 according to related technologies;
图2是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源获取方法流程图；Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a NAT64 resource acquisition method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源获取装置的结构框图；Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a NAT64 resource acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是根据本发明实施例的优选NAT64资源获取装置的结构框图；Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of a preferred NAT64 resource acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源分配装置的结构框图；Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of the NAT64 resource allocation device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图6是根据本发明实施例的优选NAT64资源分配装置的结构框图；Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of a preferred NAT64 resource allocation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7是根据本发明优选实施例的第一设备上NAT64资源的获取方法的流程图；7 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring NAT64 resources on a first device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图8是根据本发明优选实施例的第二设备上NAT64资源的分配方法的流程图；FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for allocating NAT64 resources on a second device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图9是根据本发明优选实施例的第二设备上主动分配NAT64资源的流程图；Fig. 9 is a flow chart of actively allocating NAT64 resources on the second device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图10是根据本发明优选实施例的携带pref64::/n资源选项的RS消息报文格式；FIG. 10 is an RS message message format carrying a pref64::/n resource option according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图11是根据本发明优选实施例的携带pref64::/n资源选项的RA消息报文格式；Fig. 11 is the RA message message format carrying pref64::/n resource option according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图12是根据本发明优选实施例的RS和RA消息中携带的pref64::/n资源选项的报文格式；Fig. 12 is the message format of the pref64::/n resource option carried in the RS and RA messages according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图13是根据本发明优选实施例的NAT64单独工作进行部署的示意图；Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of deployment of NAT64 working alone according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图14是根据本发明优选实施例的NAT64单独工作进行组网部署的各个网元之间的交互流程图；FIG. 14 is a flow chart of interaction between network elements where NAT64 works alone for network deployment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图15是根据本发明优选实施例的pref64::/n资源的获取过程示意图。Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition process of pref64::/n resources according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
本发明实施例提供了一种NAT64资源获取方法。图2是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源获取方法流程图，如图2所示，该方法主要包括以下步骤（步骤S202-步骤S204）：An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring NAT64 resources. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining NAT64 resources according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the method mainly includes the following steps (step S202-step S204):
步骤S202，向服务器端设备发送路由器请求RS消息，并接收来自于服务器端设备的第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；和/或，Step S202, sending a router request RS message to the server device, and receiving a first router advertisement RA message from the server device, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request, the first RA message The information carried in includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; and/or,
步骤S204，接收服务器端设备主动发送的第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。Step S204, receiving a second RA message actively sent by the server-side device, wherein the information carried in the second RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information actively allocated.
通过上述各个步骤，可以向服务器端设备请求分配pref64::/n资源信息或直接接收服务器端设备主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息，通过这样的方式，无需在网络中使能PCP协议即可简单的解决NAT64场景中存在的很多问题，可以减小维护的复杂性，增强过渡到纯IPv6的便利性。Through the above steps, you can request the allocation of pref64::/n resource information to the server-side device or directly receive the pref64::/n resource information actively allocated by the server-side device. In this way, there is no need to enable the PCP protocol in the network. It can simply solve many problems in the NAT64 scenario, reduce the complexity of maintenance, and enhance the convenience of transition to pure IPv6.
在本实施例中，pref64::/n资源请求和分配的pref64::/n资源信息可以包括：pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度，和/或IPv6后缀信息，和/或IPv4前缀列表。In this embodiment, the pref64::/n resource information requested and allocated by pref64::/n resources may include: pref64::/n prefix information and prefix length, and/or IPv6 suffix information, and/or IPv4 prefix list .
在本实施例中，RS消息中携带有扩展的ND选项，其中，ND选项的内容为请求pref64::/n资源信息。In this embodiment, the RS message carries an extended ND option, wherein the content of the ND option is to request pref64::/n resource information.
在本实施例中，第一RA消息和第二RA消息中携带有扩展的ND选项，其中，ND选项的内容为分配的pref64::/n资源信息。In this embodiment, the first RA message and the second RA message carry an extended ND option, where the content of the ND option is allocated pref64::/n resource information.
在本实施例中，在接收到第一RA消息或第二RA消息之后，还可以检测本地是否已经保存有服务器设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息；在检测结果为否的情况下，对服务器端设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息进行保存，并设置老化时间，在检测结果为是的情况下，将已经保存的pref64::/n资源信息更新为新分配的pref64::/n资源信息，并重置老化时间。In this embodiment, after receiving the first RA message or the second RA message, it may also be detected whether the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the server device has been stored locally; Save the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the server-side device, and set the aging time. If the detection result is yes, update the saved pref64::/n resource information to the newly allocated pref64::/n resource information, and reset the aging time.
在本实施例中，在保存根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息之后，还可以从保存的pref64::/n资源信息中选取pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度和/或IPv6后缀信息，对IPv6客户端发送至IPv4广域网服务器的报文的目的IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照合成后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。In this embodiment, after saving the pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request, you can also select the pref64::/n prefix information and prefix from the saved pref64::/n resource information Length and/or IPv6 suffix information, perform IPv6 address synthesis on the destination IPv4 address of the message sent by the IPv6 client to the IPv4 WAN server, and forward the message according to the synthesized IPv6 address.
在本实施例中，第一RA消息或第二RA消息可以包括：一个或者多个pref64::/n资源信息。In this embodiment, the first RA message or the second RA message may include: one or more pref64::/n resource information.
在本实施例中，在接收到不同的服务器端设备发送的第一RA消息或第二RA消息之后，还可以对不同的服务器端设备分配的pref64::/n资源信息分别进行保存和更新。In this embodiment, after receiving the first RA message or the second RA message sent by different server-side devices, the pref64::/n resource information allocated by different server-side devices may be saved and updated respectively.
本发明实施例提供了一种NAT64资源获取装置，该装置位于客户端设备，用于实现上述NAT64资源获取方法。图3是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源获取装置的结构框图，如图3所示，该装置包括：处理模块10和接收模块20。其中，处理模块10，用于向服务器端设备发送路由器请求RS消息，并接收来自于服务器端设备的第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；和/或，接收模块20，用于接收服务器端设备主动发送的第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for obtaining NAT64 resources, which is located in a client device and used to implement the above method for obtaining NAT64 resources. FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of a device for acquiring NAT64 resources according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3 , the device includes: a processing module 10 and a receiving module 20 . Wherein, the processing module 10 is configured to send a router request RS message to the server device, and receive a first router advertisement RA message from the server device, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request , the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; and/or, the receiving module 20 is configured to receive the second RA message actively sent by the server-side device , wherein, the information carried in the second RA message includes: information about actively allocated pref64::/n resources.
在图3所示的NAT64资源获取装置的基础上，本发明实施例还提供了一种优选NAT64资源获取装置。图4是根据本发明实施例的优选NAT64资源获取装置的结构框图，如图4所示，该优选装置还包括：保存及更新模块30，用于对接收到的第一RA消息和/或第二RA消息中携带的pref64::/n资源信息进行保存和/或更新，并设置老化时间；合成模块40，用于从保存的pref64::/n资源信息中选取pref64::/n前缀信息及前缀长度和/或IPv6后缀信息，对IPv6客户端发送至IPv4广域网服务器的报文的目的IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照合成后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。On the basis of the NAT64 resource acquisition device shown in FIG. 3 , an embodiment of the present invention also provides a preferred NAT64 resource acquisition device. FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a preferred NAT64 resource acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. The pref64::/n resource information carried in the RA message is stored and/or updated, and the aging time is set; the synthesis module 40 is used to select the pref64::/n prefix information from the preserved pref64::/n resource information and prefix length and/or IPv6 suffix information, perform IPv6 address synthesis on the destination IPv4 address of the message sent by the IPv6 client to the IPv4 WAN server, and forward the message according to the synthesized IPv6 address.
本发明实施例提供了一种NAT64资源分配装置，该装置位于服务器设备，用于实现上述NAT64资源获取方法。图5是根据本发明实施例的NAT64资源分配装置的结构框图，如图5所示，该装置包括：第一分配模块10和第二分配模块20。其中，第一分配模块10，用于根据客户端设备发送的路由器请求RS消息，向客户端设备发送第一路由器通告RA消息，其中，RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息；第二分配模块20，用于向客户端设备发送第二路由器通告RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：主动分配的pref64::/n资源信息。An embodiment of the present invention provides a NAT64 resource allocation device, which is located in a server device and used to implement the above method for acquiring NAT64 resources. FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a NAT64 resource allocation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , the device includes: a first allocation module 10 and a second allocation module 20 . Wherein, the first allocation module 10 is configured to send a first router advertisement RA message to the client device according to the router request RS message sent by the client device, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request , the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request; the second allocation module 20 is configured to send a second router advertisement RA message to the client device, wherein , the information carried in the second RA message includes: actively allocated pref64::/n resource information.
在图5所示的NAT64资源分配装置的基础上，本发明实施例还提供了一种优选NAT64资源分配装置。图6是根据本发明实施例的优选NAT64资源分配装置的结构框图，如图6所示，该优选装置还包括：处理模块30，用于对出向报文中的目的IPv6地址与本地存储的pref64::/n资源中的IPv6前缀信息进行匹配，在匹配成功的情况下，对源IPv6地址进行NAT64翻译，将翻译后的报文进行转发，和，对入向报文中的目的IPv4地址进行NAT64翻译，对源IPv4地址进行IPv6地址合成，按照翻译后的IPv6地址对报文进行转发。On the basis of the NAT64 resource allocation device shown in FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present invention also provides a preferred NAT64 resource allocation device. Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of a preferred NAT64 resource allocation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the preferred device also includes: a processing module 30, which is used to compare the destination IPv6 address in the outbound message with the locally stored pref64 ::/n The IPv6 prefix information in the resource is matched. If the match is successful, perform NAT64 translation on the source IPv6 address, forward the translated message, and perform NAT64 translation on the destination IPv4 address in the incoming message. NAT64 translation, performs IPv6 address synthesis on the source IPv4 address, and forwards the message according to the translated IPv6 address.
以下将结合图7至图15以及优选实施例对上述实施例提供的NAT64资源获取方法进行更加详细的描述和说明。The method for acquiring NAT64 resources provided by the above embodiments will be described and illustrated in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 7 to 15 and preferred embodiments.
优选实施例preferred embodiment
图7是根据本发明优选实施例的第一设备上NAT64资源的获取方法的流程图，如图7所示，该流程包括以下步骤：Fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring NAT64 resources on a first device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7, the process includes the following steps:
步骤S702，向服务器端设备发送第一RS消息，其中，第一RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求；Step S702, sending a first RS message to the server device, wherein the information carried in the first RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request;
步骤S704，接收来自于服务器端设备的第一RA消息，其中，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息。Step S704, receiving a first RA message from the server device, wherein the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request.
图8是根据本发明优选实施例的第二设备上NAT64资源的分配方法的流程图，如图8所示，该流程包括以下步骤：FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for allocating NAT64 resources on a second device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the process includes the following steps:
步骤S802，接收来自于第一设备的第一RS消息，其中，第一RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求；Step S802, receiving a first RS message from the first device, wherein the information carried in the first RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request;
步骤S804，发送第一RA消息，其中，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：根据pref64::/n资源请求分配的pref64::/n资源信息。Step S804, sending a first RA message, wherein the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information allocated according to the pref64::/n resource request.
图9是根据本发明优选实施例的第二设备上主动分配NAT64资源的流程图，如图9所示，该流程包括以下步骤：FIG. 9 is a flow chart of actively allocating NAT64 resources on the second device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the process includes the following steps:
步骤S902，服务器端第二设备上NAT64资源发生变化，或者NAT64设备发生重启等；Step S902, the NAT64 resource on the second device on the server side changes, or the NAT64 device restarts, etc.;
步骤S904：服务器端第二设备主动发送第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：变化后的pref64::/n资源信息。Step S904: The second device at the server end actively sends a second RA message, wherein the information carried in the second RA message includes: changed pref64::/n resource information.
为了清楚了解各个消息的报文格式以及其携带的消息内容，请参考图10至图12（图10是根据本发明优选实施例的携带pref64::/n资源选项的RS消息报文格式，图11是根据本发明优选实施例的携带pref64::/n资源选项的RA消息报文格式，图12是根据本发明优选实施例的RS和RA消息中携带的pref64::/n资源选项的报文格式）。In order to clearly understand the message format of each message and the message content it carries, please refer to Figure 10 to Figure 12 (Fig. 11 is the RA message message format carrying the pref64::/n resource option according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is the message of the pref64::/n resource option carried in the RS and RA message according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. text format).
图13是根据本发明优选实施例的NAT64单独工作进行组网部署的各个网元之间的交互流程图，在图13所示的流程中：Fig. 13 is a flow chart of interaction between network elements where NAT64 works alone for networking deployment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the flow shown in Fig. 13:
客户端设备IPv6Host/CPE可以向服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS发送第一RS消息，其中，第一RS消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源请求；服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS接收到来自客户端设备IPv6Host/CPE的RS消息之后，发送第一RA消息，其中，第一RA消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源信息。The client device IPv6Host/CPE can send the first RS message to the server device NAT64/BRAS, wherein the information carried in the first RS message includes: pref64::/n resource request; the server device NAT64/BRAS receives the request from the client After the RS message of the end device IPv6Host/CPE, the first RA message is sent, wherein the information carried in the first RA message includes: pref64::/n resource information.
在实际应用中，服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS在发送给客户端设备IPv6Host/CPE的第一RA消息之后或之前，服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS主动发送第二RA消息，其中，第二RA消息中携带的信息包括：pref64::/n资源信息。In practical applications, after or before the first RA message sent by the server-side device NAT64/BRAS to the client device IPv6Host/CPE, the server-side device NAT64/BRAS actively sends a second RA message, wherein the second RA message carries The information includes: pref64::/n resource information.
在实际应用中，客户端设备IPv6Host/CPE在接收来自于服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS的第二RA消息之后，检测本地是否已保存有pref64::/n资源信息，如果未保存，则对服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS分配的pref64::/n资源信息进行保存；如果已保存，则对服务器端设备NAT64/BRAS分配的pref64::/n资源信息进行更新。In practical applications, after receiving the second RA message from the server-side device NAT64/BRAS, the client device IPv6Host/CPE detects whether the pref64::/n resource information has been saved locally. Save the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the device NAT64/BRAS; if it has been saved, update the pref64::/n resource information allocated by the server-side device NAT64/BRAS.
图14是根据本发明优选实施例的NAT64单独工作进行部署的示意图，如图14所示，IPv6-Only终端经过桥接型家庭网关CPE设备和接入网络，接入宽带远程接入服务器（BRAS）设备，通过在BRAS设备上融合NAT64可以在向IPv6过渡的进程中实现IPv6-Only用户访问远端IPv4服务器的应用。用户网络为IPv6-Only网络，其地址使用的是全球唯一的IPv6地址。运营商接入网为IPv6网络，BRAS通过ND对IPv6终端进行IPv6地址无状态自动配置，同时，BRAS通过ND扩展选项为IPv6终端分配pref64::/n资源，在没有独立DNS64协助的情况中，实现IPv6-Only用户发起的访问远端IPv4服务器的应用需求。Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of deployment of NAT64 working alone according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 14, an IPv6-Only terminal accesses a broadband remote access server (BRAS) through a bridging home gateway CPE device and an access network Equipment, through the integration of NAT64 on BRAS equipment, the application of IPv6-Only users accessing remote IPv4 servers can be realized in the process of transition to IPv6. The user network is an IPv6-Only network, and its address uses a globally unique IPv6 address. The operator's access network is an IPv6 network. BRAS performs stateless automatic configuration of IPv6 addresses for IPv6 terminals through ND. At the same time, BRAS allocates pref64::/n resources for IPv6 terminals through ND extension options. In the case of no independent DNS64 assistance, Realize the application requirements for accessing remote IPv4 servers initiated by IPv6-Only users.
图15是根据本发明优选实施例的pref64::/n资源的获取过程示意图，如图15所示，该流程包括以下步骤：Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition process of pref64::/n resources according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 15, the process includes the following steps:
（1）步骤S1502-步骤S1504为IPv6地址以及NAT64资源申请过程：(1) Step S1502-Step S1504 is the IPv6 address and NAT64 resource application process:
步骤S1502，IPv6终端向BRAS发送RS消息，其中，该RS消息中携带的信息包括以下至少之一：请求IPv6地址请求、请求NAT64资源的选项；Step S1502, the IPv6 terminal sends an RS message to the BRAS, wherein the information carried in the RS message includes at least one of the following: requesting an IPv6 address request, requesting an option for NAT64 resources;
步骤S1504，BRAS将分配的IPv6地址以及NAT64资源（例如：IPv6地址2002::1/96，NAT64资源信息：2001:db8:122::/96）作为选项封装在RA消息中，然后发送至IPv6终端；Step S1504, the BRAS encapsulates the allocated IPv6 address and NAT64 resources (for example: IPv6 address 2002::1/96, NAT64 resource information: 2001:db8:122::/96) as options in the RA message, and then sends it to IPv6 terminal;
（2）步骤S1506-步骤S1508为请求目的地址对应的IP地址过程：(2) Step S1506-Step S1508 is the process of requesting the IP address corresponding to the destination address:
步骤S1506，IPv6终端向DNS服务器发起目的Web Server的AAAA记录查询，DNS服务器未查找到相应的AAAA记录；Step S1506, the IPv6 terminal initiates a query of the AAAA record of the destination Web Server to the DNS server, but the DNS server does not find the corresponding AAAA record;
步骤S1508，IPv6终端向DNS服务器发起目的Web Server的A记录查询，DNS服务器查找到对应的A记录，并返回A记录（11.2.3.4）给IPv6终端；Step S1508, the IPv6 terminal initiates an A record query of the destination Web Server to the DNS server, the DNS server finds the corresponding A record, and returns the A record (11.2.3.4) to the IPv6 terminal;
（3）步骤S1510-步骤S1512为出向流量的转发过程：(3) Step S1510-Step S1512 is the forwarding process of outbound traffic:
步骤S1510，IPv6终端访问IPv4WEB服务器，其产生的WEB请求流量报文的源IPv6地址为2002::1/96，目的IPv6地址是根据分配的NAT64资源和目的IPv4Web的IPv4地址合成的IPv6地址2001:db8:122::11.2.3.4；流量经过接入网络到达BRAS设备；Step S1510, the IPv6 terminal accesses the IPv4WEB server, the source IPv6 address of the WEB request flow message it produces is 2002::1/96, and the destination IPv6 address is the IPv6 address 2001 synthesized according to the IPv4 address of the NAT64 resources allocated and the destination IPv4Web: db8:122::11.2.3.4; traffic reaches the BRAS device through the access network;
步骤S1512，BRAS设备接收到出向流量，匹配目的IPv6地址前缀是否是本地配置的NAT64前缀，如果是，则对源IPv6地址进行NAT64翻译，NAT64翻译后的报文中目的IPv4地址是11.2.3.4，源IPv4地址是221.2.1.1，记录下NAT64翻译记录，然后将转换处理后的报文转发至IPv4WEB服务器；如果不是，则丢弃该报文；Step S1512, the BRAS device receives outgoing traffic, and matches whether the destination IPv6 address prefix is a locally configured NAT64 prefix, and if so, performs NAT64 translation on the source IPv6 address, and the destination IPv4 address in the NAT64 translated message is 11.2.3.4, The source IPv4 address is 221.2.1.1, record the NAT64 translation record, and then forward the converted message to the IPv4WEB server; if not, discard the message;
（4）步骤S1514-步骤S1516为入向流量的转发过程：(4) Step S1514-Step S1516 is the forwarding process of incoming traffic:
步骤S1514，IPv4Web服务器产生应答流量报文，该报文的目的IPv4地址为11.2.3.4，源IPv4地址是221.2.1.1；Step S1514, the IPv4Web server generates a response flow message, the destination IPv4 address of the message is 11.2.3.4, and the source IPv4 address is 221.2.1.1;
步骤S1516，入向流量到达BRAS，BRAS设备对入向流量报文进行NAT64转换处理，转换后的目的IPv6地址是2002::1，源IPv6地址是2001::db8:122::11.2.3.4；转换后的报文转发到相应的IPv6终端。Step S1516, the incoming traffic arrives at the BRAS, and the BRAS device performs NAT64 conversion processing on the incoming traffic message. The converted destination IPv6 address is 2002::1, and the source IPv6 address is 2001::db8:122::11.2.3.4; The converted message is forwarded to the corresponding IPv6 terminal.
采用上述优选实施例，可以通过ND协议进行IPv6终端地址无状态配置的同时，增加相关机制进行NAT64前缀信息的分配，扩展简单方便易操作易维护。By adopting the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, while performing stateless configuration of the IPv6 terminal address through the ND protocol, a related mechanism is added to distribute the NAT64 prefix information, and the extension is simple, convenient, easy to operate and easy to maintain.
需要说明的是，上述实施例只是本发明实施例的一个优选实施例，本发明实施例也可以应用在其他各种应用场景中，例如：IPv6-initiated TCP Session、SIP Flow等应用场景，这里不再一一赘述。It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied in various other application scenarios, for example: IPv6-initiated TCP Session, SIP Flow and other application scenarios, which are not described here Let me repeat them one by one.
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种软件，该软件用于执行上述实施例及优选实施方式中描述的技术方案。In another embodiment, software is also provided, and the software is used to implement the technical solutions described in the above embodiments and preferred implementation manners.
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种存储介质，该存储介质中存储有上述软件，该存储介质包括但不限于：光盘、软盘、硬盘、可擦写存储器等。In another embodiment, there is also provided a storage medium, in which the software is stored, the storage medium includes but not limited to: optical discs, floppy disks, hard disks, rewritable memories, and the like.
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本发明实现了如下技术效果：采用通过扩展ND协议中的RS消息和RA消息的，在完成IPv6地址无状态自动配置的同时，实现pref64::/n资源的自动分配的方式，解决了相关技术中缺乏合适的NAT64的pref64::/n资源信息分配方法的问题，这样以来，无需在网络中使能PCP协议即可简单的解决NAT64场景中存在的很多问题，进而达到了减小维护的复杂性，增强过渡到纯IPv6的便利性的效果。From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects: by extending the RS message and RA message in the ND protocol, while completing the stateless automatic configuration of the IPv6 address, the pref64::/n resource is realized The automatic allocation method solves the problem of the lack of a suitable NAT64 pref64::/n resource information allocation method in related technologies. In this way, many problems existing in NAT64 scenarios can be easily solved without enabling the PCP protocol in the network. Problems, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the complexity of maintenance and enhancing the convenience of transitioning to pure IPv6.
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that each module or each step of the above-mentioned present invention can be realized by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed in a network formed by multiple computing devices Alternatively, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device so that they may be stored in a storage device to be executed by a computing device, and in some cases in an order different from that shown here The steps shown or described are carried out, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them are fabricated into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. As such, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201410101594.5ACN104935677B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | A NAT64 resource acquisition method and acquisition/allocation device |
| PCT/CN2014/082854WO2015139397A1 (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-07-23 | Nat64 resource acquisition method and acquisition/distribution apparatus |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410101594.5ACN104935677B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | A NAT64 resource acquisition method and acquisition/allocation device |
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| CN104935677A CN104935677A (en) | 2015-09-23 |
| CN104935677Btrue CN104935677B (en) | 2019-10-18 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410101594.5AActiveCN104935677B (en) | 2014-03-18 | 2014-03-18 | A NAT64 resource acquisition method and acquisition/allocation device |
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| WO (1) | WO2015139397A1 (en) |
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