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CN104904546A - Method for inhibiting reproductive growth of tea plants - Google Patents

Method for inhibiting reproductive growth of tea plants
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CN104904546A
CN104904546ACN201510301034.9ACN201510301034ACN104904546ACN 104904546 ACN104904546 ACN 104904546ACN 201510301034 ACN201510301034 ACN 201510301034ACN 104904546 ACN104904546 ACN 104904546A
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aqueous solution
flower
tea
mixed aqueous
inhibiting
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刘少群
吴贤奇
刘伟
戚超
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South China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of tea plants, and particularly discloses a method for inhibiting reproductive growth of the tea plants. The method comprises the step: at a flower bud differentiation stage, spraying flower buds and leaf surfaces with flower-inhibiting and fruit-inhibiting mixed aqueous solution at a dosage of 50 to 100kg per mu, wherein the flower-inhibiting and fruit-inhibiting mixed aqueous solution is aqueous solution containing 100mg/L of gibberellins and 2 percent of urea. According to the method disclosed by the invention, through the combined use of biogenic plant hormones and the urea, at the stage with more flowers, leaf surface spraying is performed on the tea plants at a dosage of 50 to 100kg per mu; especially Camelia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var assamica, the flower dropping and fruit dropping rate can reach 93.94 to 97.94 percent, and the tea yield is obviously increased; moreover, the quality of tea is not influenced, and the yield-increasing effect is obvious.

Description

Translated fromChinese
一种抑制茶树生殖生长的方法A method for inhibiting the reproductive growth of tea trees

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及茶树种植技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种抑制茶树生殖生长的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of tea tree planting, in particular to a method for inhibiting the reproductive growth of tea trees.

背景技术Background technique

开花结实、生殖生长是茶树生理上的一个普遍现象,而花果必然影响第二年的茶叶产量和品质,并加速茶树的老化,因为茶树开花结籽一般会消耗茶树养分的 60%,减少来年的茶叶产量 20%以上,而茶叶的产业目的是多产茶叶,因此及时除去花果抑制茶树生殖生长,是茶叶增产的重要手段。影响茶树开花结实的因素主要有品种特性和外部因素,外部因素主要指气象因素、营养条件、外源激素及人为调控措施等。在选育优良品种的同时,人们可以通过激素代谢影响茶树的开花结实,即控制茶树的生殖生长。Blooming and fruiting, reproductive growth is a common physiological phenomenon of tea trees, and flowers and fruits will inevitably affect the yield and quality of tea in the second year, and accelerate the aging of tea trees, because tea trees usually consume 60% of the nutrients of tea trees when they bloom and set seeds, reducing the amount of nutrients in the next year. The production of tea leaves is more than 20%, and the purpose of the tea industry is to produce more tea leaves. Therefore, removing flowers and fruits in time to inhibit the reproductive growth of tea trees is an important means of increasing tea production. The factors affecting the flowering and fruiting of tea trees mainly include variety characteristics and external factors. External factors mainly refer to meteorological factors, nutritional conditions, exogenous hormones and artificial control measures. While breeding fine varieties, people can affect the flowering and fruiting of tea trees through hormone metabolism, that is, control the reproductive growth of tea trees.

小叶种紫芽茶(Camelia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var assamica)是广东省惠州市博罗县特有的一个茶树品种,于2010年被发现,经专家鉴定为一新的茶树品种。现该品种在广东省博罗县得到广泛推广种植,面积已达10000多亩。现成为当地茶叶的主产品种。但该品种栽培中表现出常年开花结果的特点,造成养分的大量消耗,新生枝条抽生数量较低,因而产量很低,远不能满足市场的需要。为了提高产量,抑制茶树的生殖生长过程,减少花果数量显得非常必要。目前小叶种紫芽茶产区主要采用人工除花除果的方法,不仅效率低,还易损坏茶树的新生枝芽。Camelia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var assamica is a tea tree variety unique to Boluo County, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province. It was discovered in 2010 and identified as a new tea tree variety by experts. Now this variety has been widely promoted and planted in Boluo County, Guangdong Province, with an area of more than 10,000 mu. Now it has become the main product variety of local tea. However, this variety shows the characteristics of flowering and fruiting all the year round, resulting in a large consumption of nutrients, and the number of new shoots is low, so the yield is very low, which is far from meeting the needs of the market. In order to increase the yield, inhibit the reproductive growth process of tea trees, and reduce the number of flowers and fruits is very necessary. At present, the production areas of small-leaf purple bud tea mainly adopt the method of manually removing flowers and fruits, which is not only inefficient, but also easily damages the new shoots and buds of tea trees.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为了克服现有技术存在的上述不足,提供一种抑制茶树生殖生长的方法。该方法解决了茶树栽培过程中生殖生长过度的问题,促进了光合产物向营养器官的输送,从而在保证品质的前提下,有效的提高了产量。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for inhibiting the reproductive growth of tea trees. The method solves the problem of excessive reproductive growth in the tea tree cultivation process, promotes the delivery of photosynthetic products to vegetative organs, thereby effectively improving the yield under the premise of ensuring quality.

为了实现上述目的本发明是通过以下方案予以实现的:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following schemes:

一种抑制茶树生殖生长的方法,包括以下步骤:在花芽分化期,以50~100kg/亩的用量对花芽和叶面进行喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液;所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有95~105mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以50~100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施茶树,尤其是小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到93.94~97.94%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation stage, spraying flower buds and leaf surfaces with a mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit inhibition at a dosage of 50 to 100 kg/mu; the mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit inhibition It is an aqueous solution containing 95~105mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, spray tea trees at an amount of 50~100kg/mu, especially small-leaf purple bud tea trees, the rate of flower and fruit drop can reach 93.94~97.94%, and the yield of tea will be significantly increased without affecting the quality of tea. .

现有技术公开激素类物质如IAA、GA可以抑制茶树的生殖生长,但是,抑制的效率并不是特别的好;另外,单独使用尿素对茶叶的生殖生长并没用抑制作用。本发明将GA和尿素连用协同提高GA抑制茶树生殖生长的能力。The prior art discloses that hormones such as IAA and GA can inhibit the reproductive growth of tea trees, but the inhibition efficiency is not particularly good; in addition, urea alone has no inhibitory effect on the reproductive growth of tea. In the invention, GA and urea are used together to synergistically improve the ability of GA to inhibit the reproductive growth of tea trees.

优选地,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和叶面进行喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液。Preferably, the flower buds and leaves are sprayed with a mixed aqueous solution of flower and fruit suppression at a rate of 100 kg/mu.

优选地,所述抑花抑果混合水溶液中含有100mg/L赤霉素和2%尿素。Preferably, the mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruit contains 100 mg/L gibberellin and 2% urea.

    优选地,所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液由以下方法制备得到:将赤霉素溶解于乙醇中,加水稀释,然后加入尿素,加水,搅拌均匀,得到含有100mg/L赤霉素和2%尿素的水溶液,为抑花抑果混合水溶液。Preferably, the mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruiting is prepared by the following method: dissolving gibberellin in ethanol, diluting with water, then adding urea, adding water, and stirring evenly to obtain a solution containing 100 mg/L gibberellin and 2% The aqueous solution of urea is a mixed aqueous solution for anti-flowering and anti-fruiting.

优选地,所述茶树品种为小叶紫芽茶树、博罗本地山茶、粹米绿、小叶乌龙或小叶水仙。Preferably, the tea tree variety is small-leaf purple bud tea tree, Boluo local camellia, Cuimi green, small-leaf oolong or small-leaf narcissus.

所述的水为纯净水。Described water is pure water.

与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明通过生物源植物激素与尿素的混合使用,解决了小叶紫芽茶茶树栽培过程中生殖生长过度的问题,促进了光合产物向营养器官的输送;在开花较多的时期,以50~100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施茶树,尤其是小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到93.94~97.94%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质,增产效果明显。The present invention solves the problem of excessive reproductive growth in the cultivation process of small-leaf purple bud tea tea trees through the mixed use of biological source plant hormones and urea, and promotes the delivery of photosynthetic products to vegetative organs; The amount of foliage spraying of tea trees, especially the small-leaf purple bud tea trees, can reach 93.94~97.94% of the flower and fruit drop rate, and the tea yield is significantly improved without affecting the quality of the tea. The effect of increasing production is obvious.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合具体实施例对本发明作出进一步地详细阐述,所述实施例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。下述实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,为可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。The present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific examples, which are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials and reagents used are commercially available reagents and materials unless otherwise specified.

实施例1Example 1

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以50kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有100mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以50kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到93.94%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, evenly spraying the flower buds and leaves with a dosage of 50kg/mu mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit suppression, if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruit is an aqueous solution containing 100 mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, if 50kg/mu is sprayed on the leaves of the small-leaf purple bud tea tree, the flower and fruit drop rate can reach 93.94%, and the tea yield will be significantly increased without affecting the quality of the tea.

实施例2Example 2

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以70kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有100mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以70kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到95.94%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, spray the flower buds and leaves evenly with a mixed aqueous solution of flower and fruit suppression at a dosage of 70kg/mu, and if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruit is an aqueous solution containing 100 mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, spraying small-leaf purple bud tea trees with an amount of 70kg/mu on the leaves can reach 95.94% flower and fruit drop rate, and the tea yield can be significantly increased without affecting the quality of the tea.

实施例3Example 3

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有100mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到97.94%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproductive growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, spraying the flower buds and leaves evenly with a mixed aqueous solution of flower and fruit suppression at a dosage of 100kg/mu, and if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruit is an aqueous solution containing 100 mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, if 100kg/mu is sprayed on the leaves of the small-leaf purple bud tea tree, the flower and fruit drop rate can reach 97.94%, and the tea yield will be significantly increased without affecting the quality of the tea.

实施例4Example 4

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有95mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到80.32%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, evenly spraying the flower buds and leaves with a dosage of 100kg/mu mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit suppression, if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruit is an aqueous solution containing 95mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, if 100kg/mu is sprayed on the leaves of the small-leaf purple bud tea tree, the flower and fruit drop rate can reach 80.32%, and the tea yield will be significantly increased without affecting the quality of the tea.

实施例5Example 5

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有105mg/L赤霉素(GA)和2%尿素的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到90.12%,茶叶产量明显提高,且不影响茶叶的品质。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, evenly spraying the flower buds and leaves with a dosage of 100kg/mu mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit suppression, if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution for anti-flowering and anti-fruiting is an aqueous solution containing 105 mg/L gibberellin (GA) and 2% urea. In the period of more flowering, if 100kg/mu is sprayed on the leaves of the small-leaf purple bud tea tree, the flower and fruit drop rate can reach 90.12%, and the tea yield will be significantly increased without affecting the quality of the tea.

实施例6Example 6

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含100mg/L赤霉素(GA)的水溶液。在开花较多的时期,以100kg/亩的用量进行叶面喷施小叶紫芽茶树,落花落果率可达到70.51%。A method for inhibiting the reproductive growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, spraying the flower buds and leaves evenly with a mixed aqueous solution of flower and fruit suppression at a dosage of 100kg/mu, and if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of anti-flowering and anti-fruiting is an aqueous solution containing 100 mg/L gibberellin (GA). In the period of more flowering, the foliage spraying of small-leaf purple bud tea trees at an amount of 100kg/mu can achieve a flower and fruit drop rate of 70.51%.

实施例7Example 7

一种抑制小叶紫芽茶树生殖生长的方法,包括如下步骤:在花芽分化期,以100kg/亩的用量对花芽和树叶进行均匀喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液,喷后4小时以内若下雨需重喷。所述的抑花抑果混合水溶液为含有2%尿素的水溶液。这种处理几乎不会落花落果。A method for inhibiting the reproduction and growth of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, comprising the following steps: in the flower bud differentiation period, evenly spraying the flower buds and leaves with a dosage of 100kg/mu mixed aqueous solution for flower and fruit suppression, if it rains within 4 hours after spraying Need to respray. The mixed aqueous solution of flower suppression and fruit suppression is an aqueous solution containing 2% urea. This treatment is almost non-existent.

应用实施例1Application Example 1

A组喷施:含50mg/LS3307(烯效唑)+100mg/LNAA(萘乙酸)的水溶液Group A spraying: aqueous solution containing 50mg/LS3307 (uniconazole) + 100mg/LNAA (naphthalene acetic acid)

B组喷施:含100mg/LGA(赤霉素)+100mg/LNAA(萘乙酸)的水溶液;Group B spraying: an aqueous solution containing 100mg/LGA (gibberellin) + 100mg/LNAA (naphthalene acetic acid);

C组喷施:含800mg/LETH(乙烯) 的水溶液;Group C spraying: aqueous solution containing 800mg/LETH (ethylene);

D组喷施:含100mg/L2,4-D的水溶液;Group D spraying: aqueous solution containing 100mg/L2,4-D;

    E组喷施:含100mg/LGA(赤霉素) +2%尿素的水溶液Group E spraying: aqueous solution containing 100mg/LGA (gibberellin) + 2% urea

CK组喷施:以水为对照CK group spraying: water as control

配施的方法步骤:在15L的水溶液里,按比例加入六个组的药剂混合配好后,加入10ml洗洁精,混匀,喷至有水滴下。The method and steps of dispensing: in the 15L aqueous solution, add the medicines of the six groups in proportion to mix and prepare, then add 10ml of detergent, mix well, and spray until there are water drops.

每组共设置九株茶树,每株喷施一升抑花抑果混合水溶液,即每组共喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液九升,每升一公斤,每组共喷施九公斤。喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液后,小叶紫芽茶树的产量统计与分析Nine tea trees were set up in each group, and each plant was sprayed with one liter of flower and fruit suppression mixed aqueous solution, that is, each group was sprayed with nine liters of flower and fruit suppression mixed aqueous solution, and each liter of one kilogram was sprayed with nine kilograms in total. Yield statistics and analysis of small-leaf purple bud tea trees after spraying the mixed aqueous solution of suppressing flowers and fruits

(1)统计与分析方法:(1) Statistics and analysis methods:

参考未喷前:该茶区年亩产180-250斤,每亩茶树2000-2500株,每株茶树产量波幅为0.072-0.125斤;Refer to before spraying: the annual yield of the tea area is 180-250 catties per mu, 2000-2500 tea trees per mu, and the yield fluctuation of each tea tree is 0.072-0.125 catties;

喷后:按增幅15-20%算该茶区年亩产207-300斤,每株产量波幅为0.0828-0.150斤After spraying: The annual yield per mu of the tea area is calculated as 207-300 catties per mu according to the increase rate of 15-20%, and the yield fluctuation per plant is 0.0828-0.150 catties

(2)统计处理:(2) Statistical processing:

分别对这六组中的每一株茶树进行了产量统计,统计了每组处理后的株年平均产量及产量方差,数据如表1所示;Yield statistics were carried out to each tea tree in these six groups respectively, and the plant annual average yield and yield variance after each group of treatment were counted, and the data are shown in Table 1;

表 1 每组处理后的株年平均产量及产量方差Table 1 The annual average yield and yield variance of each group of treatments

项目projectA组Group AB组Group BC组Group CD组Group DE组Group ECK组CK group株年平均产量/斤Average annual yield per plant/catties0.11490.11490.11610.11610.10980.10980.10780.10780.12060.12060.10110.1011株产量方差plant yield variance0.000590.000590.000840.000840.001310.001310.001170.001170.000560.000560.000320.00032

(3)实验结果:株年平均产量排在前三的是E组、B组、A组;而株产量方差最小的三组是:CK组、E组、A组;因此,综合这两方面的结果,喷施抑花抑果混合水溶液后对于小叶紫芽茶树落花落果,抑制其生殖生长,提高茶树产量最好的是E组。(3) Experimental results: Group E, Group B, and Group A rank the top three in terms of annual average plant yield; and the three groups with the smallest variance in plant yield are: Group CK, Group E, and Group A; therefore, combining these two aspects As a result, after spraying the mixed aqueous solution of inhibiting flowers and fruits, group E is the best for the flower and fruit drop of small-leaf purple bud tea trees, inhibiting their reproductive growth, and increasing the yield of tea trees.

    上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

CN201510301034.9A2015-06-042015-06-04Method for inhibiting reproductive growth of tea plantsPendingCN104904546A (en)

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CN106748292A (en)*2017-02-132017-05-31青岛农业大学A kind of water soluble fertilizer formula that can reduce the tea tree amount of blooming
CN107333609A (en)*2017-07-072017-11-10福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所One kind suppresses tea tree and bloomed special agent and application method
CN109006005A (en)*2018-06-112018-12-18浙江大学Nafusaku is preparing the application in south early-maturing pear second bloom inhibitor

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CN106748292A (en)*2017-02-132017-05-31青岛农业大学A kind of water soluble fertilizer formula that can reduce the tea tree amount of blooming
CN107333609A (en)*2017-07-072017-11-10福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所One kind suppresses tea tree and bloomed special agent and application method
CN109006005A (en)*2018-06-112018-12-18浙江大学Nafusaku is preparing the application in south early-maturing pear second bloom inhibitor

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