技术领域technical field
本发明涉及自然灾害监测技术领域，具体涉及一种自然灾害监测装置及其监测防护报警系统。The invention relates to the technical field of natural disaster monitoring, in particular to a natural disaster monitoring device and a monitoring, protection and alarm system thereof.
背景技术Background technique
自然灾害是各国难以预测且频繁发生的现象，特别是铁路、公路、易滑坡的山体等方面事故隐患突出。虽然现有技术中的自然灾害安防系统繁多，但在监测、防护和报警等方面功能不够完善，监测和防护的类型少；有的需要铺设大量监测仪器和传感器等设备；有些还需要修筑大量工事，从而造价就很高，在前期安装和后期使用维护方面就会消耗了大量人力物力；有些技术要求高，深埋于地下，需要专人维修，后期养护维修难度较高；还有些需要高铺设专门的供电设备设施才能使用，这也给其使用范围带来了局限性。Natural disasters are unpredictable and frequent phenomena in various countries, especially in railways, highways, and landslide-prone mountains. Although there are many natural disaster security systems in the prior art, their functions in monitoring, protection and alarm are not perfect, and there are few types of monitoring and protection; some need to lay a large number of monitoring instruments and sensors and other equipment; some also need to build a large number of fortifications , so the cost is very high, and a lot of manpower and material resources will be consumed in the early installation and later use and maintenance; some have high technical requirements, are buried deep in the ground, need special personnel to repair, and the later maintenance and repair are more difficult; The power supply equipment and facilities can only be used, which also limits the scope of its use.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本发明提供了一种安装维护方便、能够准确对地面出现巨大变动进行监测的自然灾害监测装置及其监测防护报警系统。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a natural disaster monitoring device and its monitoring, protection and alarm system, which are easy to install and maintain, and can accurately monitor huge changes in the ground.
为了达到上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一方面，提供一种自然灾害监测装置，其至少包括用于确定地面出现变动的监测结构；监测结构包括龙门架和固定安装在龙门架上的外环；外环内侧通过两个连接件活动连接有一中环，中环的内侧通过两个连接件活动连接有一心盘；连接外环和中环的两个连接件之间形成的第一连线与连接中环和心盘的两个连接件之间形成的第二连线相交；On the one hand, a natural disaster monitoring device is provided, which at least includes a monitoring structure for determining changes in the ground; the monitoring structure includes a gantry and an outer ring fixedly installed on the gantry; the inner side of the outer ring is movably connected by two connecting pieces There is a middle ring, and the inner side of the middle ring is movably connected with a center plate through two connecting pieces; the first connecting line formed between the two connecting pieces connecting the outer ring and the middle ring is formed between the two connecting pieces connecting the middle ring and the center plate. The second line intersects;
心盘上固定安装有一穿过其中心的立柱，立柱的下端固定安装有一使立柱下端始终指向地心的配重块；龙门架的上端设有一与外部控制单元连接的控制开关；控制开关上和立柱的上端设置监测结构静止状态时启动或关闭控制开关的配合结构。A column passing through its center is fixedly installed on the center plate, and a counterweight is fixedly installed at the lower end of the column so that the lower end of the column always points to the center of the earth; the upper end of the gantry is provided with a control switch connected with an external control unit; the upper end of the control switch and The upper end of the column is provided with a matching structure for starting or closing the control switch when the monitoring structure is in a static state.
第二方面提供一种自然灾害监测防护报警系统，其包括：The second aspect provides a natural disaster monitoring protection alarm system, which includes:
至少一个具有自然灾害监测装置的监测单元；At least one monitoring unit with a natural disaster monitoring device;
用于接收监测单元上传的监测信息，并将监测信息与其内部设定的参数进行对比后，将对比结果进行上传的控制单元；A control unit for receiving the monitoring information uploaded by the monitoring unit, comparing the monitoring information with its internally set parameters, and uploading the comparison results;
用于接收控制单元上传的对比结果，并将对比结果与其内部设置的数据进行比对后，并根据比对结果给控制单元发送启动报警信息的控制终端；The control terminal used to receive the comparison result uploaded by the control unit, compare the comparison result with the data set internally, and send an alarm message to the control unit according to the comparison result;
用于执行控制单元发出的报警信息指令的报警单元；以及an alarm unit for executing an alarm message command issued by the control unit; and
用于给监测单元、控制单元、控制终端和报警单元提供电能的供电单元。A power supply unit for supplying electrical energy to monitoring units, control units, control terminals and alarm units.
该自然灾害监测防护报警系统工作原理：安装自然灾害监测装置所在位置出现较大振动致使地面发生一定角度的倾斜和移动时，龙门架也会跟随地面发生倾斜；由于配重块的作用，地面这一变动现象，使立柱上端远离控制开关并相对于龙门架呈一定角度；The working principle of the natural disaster monitoring and protection alarm system: when the place where the natural disaster monitoring device is installed has a large vibration, causing the ground to tilt and move at a certain angle, the gantry will also tilt along with the ground; A change phenomenon, so that the upper end of the column is far away from the control switch and is at a certain angle relative to the gantry;
此时，控制开关和立柱上的配合结构会由原本处于开启或关闭状态的控制开关转变为关闭或开启状态，控制开关的这样变化状态会被与控制开关连接的外界控制单元检测到，从而实现自然灾害的监测；At this time, the matching structure on the control switch and the column will change from the control switch in the open or closed state to the closed or open state, and the change state of the control switch will be detected by the external control unit connected to the control switch, thereby realizing monitoring of natural disasters;
自然灾害监测防护报警系统的控制单元同时将检测到的控制开关关闭或开启的变化量传递给控制终端，若确定出现自然灾害便启动报警单元报警。The control unit of the natural disaster monitoring and protection alarm system transmits the detected variation of the control switch being closed or opened to the control terminal at the same time, and if it is determined that a natural disaster occurs, the alarm unit will be activated to alarm.
本发明的有益效果为：自然灾害监测防护报警系统在安装时，只要保证自然灾害监测装置静止状态时控制开关与立柱位于同一条直线上即可，再者其不需要架线和地面下安装传感器因而该自然灾害监测装置安装和维修都非常的方便。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: when the natural disaster monitoring protection alarm system is installed, it only needs to ensure that the control switch and the column are located on the same straight line when the natural disaster monitoring device is in a static state, and it does not need to be wired or install sensors under the ground Therefore, the installation and maintenance of the natural disaster monitoring device are very convenient.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为自然灾害监测装置的监测结构安装在透明外壳内的俯视图。Fig. 1 is a top view of a monitoring structure of a natural disaster monitoring device installed in a transparent casing.
图2为自然灾害监测装置的监测结构安装在透明外壳内的主视图。Fig. 2 is a front view of the monitoring structure of the natural disaster monitoring device installed in the transparent casing.
图3为监测结构安装在外壳内后，外壳发生倾斜状态时，立柱与龙门架呈一角度后的视图。Fig. 3 is a view after the monitoring structure is installed in the casing and the casing is tilted, and the column and the gantry form an angle.
图4为自然灾害监测防护报警系统的原理框图。Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of the natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system.
图5为自然灾害监测装置安装在第一种实现方式的安装架上的示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a natural disaster monitoring device installed on a mounting frame in a first implementation manner.
图6为自然灾害监测装置安装在第二种实现方式的安装架上的示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a natural disaster monitoring device installed on a mounting frame in a second implementation manner.
图7为自然灾害监测装置安装在第三种实现方式的安装架上的示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a natural disaster monitoring device installed on a mounting frame in a third implementation manner.
图8为在由一垂直面和一坡度组成的待监测点的防护网上安装上自然灾害监测装置的主视图；Fig. 8 is the front view of installing the natural disaster monitoring device on the protective net of the point to be monitored by a vertical plane and a slope;
图9为图8的侧视图。FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8 .
图10为第一滑轮组的结构示意图。Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pulley block.
图11为第一滑轮404组的结构示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first pulley 404 group.
图12为报警单元的原理框图。Figure 12 is a functional block diagram of the alarm unit.
其中，1、自然灾害监测装置；101、外环；102、中环；103、连接件；104、支耳；105、心盘；106、配合结构；107、控制开关；108、立柱；109、龙门架；110、上壳体；111、干燥装置；112、下壳体；113、配重块；114、减能器；115、接线盒；116、开关盒；2、安装架；201、支撑架；202、第一直角臂；203、横臂；2031、延伸壁；204、安装座；205、基座；3、被动防护网；301、锚杆；302、拉绳；4、第一滑轮组；401、第二直角臂；402、链条；403、轴承；404、第一滑轮；405、滑轮盒；406、锁扣；407、套筒；5、主动防护网；501、第一定滑轮；502、拉紧器；6、第二滑轮组；601、支撑臂。Among them, 1. Natural disaster monitoring device; 101, outer ring; 102, middle ring; 103, connector; 104, lug; 105, center plate; 106, matching structure; 107, control switch; 108, column; Frame; 110, upper casing; 111, drying device; 112, lower casing; 113, counterweight block; 114, energy reducer; 115, junction box; 116, switch box; 2, installation frame; 201, support frame ; 202, the first right-angle arm; 203, the cross arm; 2031, the extension wall; 204, the mounting seat; 205, the base; 3, the passive protective net; 301, the anchor rod; 302, the stay rope; 401, the second right-angle arm; 402, the chain; 403, the bearing; 404, the first pulley; 405, the pulley box; 406, the lock; 407, the sleeve; 5, the active protection net; 501, the first fixed pulley; 502 . Tensioner; 6. Second pulley block; 601. Support arm.
具体实施方式detailed description
参考图1至图3，图1示出了自然灾害监测装置1的监测结构安装在透明外壳内的俯视图；图2示出了自然灾害监测装置1的监测结构安装在透明外壳内的主视图；图3示出了监测结构安装在外壳内后，外壳发生倾斜状态时，立柱108与龙门架109呈一角度后的视图。With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, Fig. 1 shows the top view that the monitoring structure of natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed in the transparent casing; Fig. 2 shows the front view that the monitoring structure of natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed in the transparent casing; FIG. 3 shows a view after the monitoring structure is installed in the housing and the housing is tilted, and the column 108 and the gantry 109 form an angle.
如图1至图3，该自然灾害监测装置1至少包括用于确定地面出现变动的监测结构；此处的地面出现变动具体可以指出现滑坡、坍塌、泥石流、山体落石等难以预测的自然灾害。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 at least includes a monitoring structure for determining ground changes; the ground changes here can specifically refer to unpredictable natural disasters such as landslides, collapses, debris flows, and rockfalls.
该监测结构包括龙门架109和固定安装在龙门架109上的外环101；外环101内侧通过两个连接件103活动连接有一中环102，中环102的内侧通过两个连接件103活动连接有一心盘105；连接外环101和中环102的两个连接件103之间形成的第一连线与连接中环102和心盘105的两个连接件103之间形成的第二连线相交。The monitoring structure includes a gantry frame 109 and an outer ring 101 fixedly installed on the gantry frame 109; the inner side of the outer ring 101 is movably connected with a middle ring 102 through two connectors 103, and the inner side of the middle ring 102 is movably connected with a center ring 103 through two connectors 103. Disk 105 ; the first line formed between the two connecting pieces 103 connecting the outer ring 101 and the middle ring 102 intersects the second connecting line formed between the two connecting pieces 103 connecting the middle ring 102 and the central disk 105 .
外环101、中环102和心盘105可以是规则的圆形结构、方形结构，也可以是其他不规则的结构。连接外环101和中环102的两个连接件103和连接中环102和心盘105的两个连接件103均可以采用铰链，这样中环102可以相对外环101进行一定角度的旋转，心盘105可以相对中环102和外环101进行一定角度的旋转，再者由于第一连线和第二连线相交，这样心盘105可以相对外环101进行任意角度的旋转。The outer ring 101, the middle ring 102 and the center disc 105 can be of regular circular structure, square structure, or other irregular structures. The two connectors 103 connecting the outer ring 101 and the middle ring 102 and the two connectors 103 connecting the middle ring 102 and the center disc 105 can be hinges, so that the middle ring 102 can rotate at a certain angle relative to the outer ring 101, and the center disc 105 can Rotate at a certain angle relative to the middle ring 102 and the outer ring 101 , and since the first connecting line intersects with the second connecting line, the center disc 105 can rotate at any angle relative to the outer ring 101 .
在本发明的一个实施例中，再次参考图1，第一连线至少穿过外环101的中心；第二连线至少穿过中环102的中心。这样设置后，中环102可以相对外环101进行180°旋转，心盘105可以相对中环102外环101进行180°旋转。In an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 again, the first connecting line at least passes through the center of the outer ring 101 ; the second connecting line passes at least through the center of the middle ring 102 . After such setting, the middle ring 102 can rotate 180° relative to the outer ring 101 , and the center disc 105 can rotate 180° relative to the middle ring 102 and the outer ring 101 .
设计时可以进一步优选，第一连线和第二连线均穿过外环101、中环102和心盘105的中心。这样，中环102相对外环101及心盘105相对中环102、外环101进行180°旋转的同时，心盘105可以相对外环101进行360°旋转。In design, it may be further preferred that both the first connecting line and the second connecting line pass through the centers of the outer ring 101 , the middle ring 102 and the center disc 105 . In this way, while the middle ring 102 rotates 180° relative to the outer ring 101 and the center disc 105 relative to the middle ring 102 and the outer ring 101 , the center disc 105 can rotate 360° relative to the outer ring 101 .
再次参考图1至图3，心盘105上固定安装有一穿过其中心的立柱108，立柱108的下端固定安装有一使立柱108下端始终指向地心的配重块113。Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3 again, a column 108 passing through the center of the center plate 105 is fixedly installed, and a counterweight 113 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the column 108 so that the lower end of the column 108 always points to the center of the earth.
龙门架109的上端设有一与外部控制单元连接的控制开关107；控制开关107上和立柱108的上端设置有监测结构静止状态时启动或关闭控制开关107的配合结构106。The upper end of the gantry 109 is provided with a control switch 107 connected to the external control unit; the upper end of the control switch 107 and the column 108 is provided with a matching structure 106 for starting or closing the control switch 107 when the monitoring structure is in a static state.
当安装自然灾害监测装置1的待监测点处发生变动致使自然灾害监测装置1发生倾斜时，龙门架109发生偏移后，立柱108会始终指向地心，这样控制开关107上和立柱108的上端设置配置结构便会使控制开关107关闭或启动。When the monitoring point where the natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed changes to cause the natural disaster monitoring device 1 to tilt, after the gantry 109 deviates, the column 108 will always point to the center of the earth, so that the control switch 107 and the upper end of the column 108 Setting the configuration structure will cause the control switch 107 to be closed or activated.
在本发明的一个实施例中，为了保证未发生自然灾害时，控制开关107处于长开或者常闭状态，配合结构106可以为分别设置在控制开关107与立柱108上端的两块磁体；这两块磁体相对端必须为同性相斥或异性相吸，这样才能实现正常的监测。In one embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the control switch 107 is in a long-open or normally-closed state when no natural disaster occurs, the matching structure 106 can be two magnets respectively arranged on the control switch 107 and the upper end of the column 108; The opposite end of the block magnet must be like-sex repelling or opposite-sex attracting, so as to realize normal monitoring.
当自然灾害监测装置1在外界的触碰下，致使龙门架109发生反复的横向移动，而龙门架109便会带动配重块113轻微摆动，当配重块113反复摆动与龙门架109的摆动频率一致时，配重块113的摆动动能就叠加，致使配重块113大范围的摆动而使立柱108与龙门架109发生相对偏转致使配合结构106(准确地说是致使两块磁体的磁力线错位)关闭或开启控制开关107。When the natural disaster monitoring device 1 is touched by the outside world, the gantry 109 is repeatedly moved laterally, and the gantry 109 will drive the counterweight 113 to swing slightly. When the counterweight 113 repeatedly swings and the swing of the gantry 109 When the frequencies are the same, the swing kinetic energy of the counterweight 113 is superimposed, causing the counterweight 113 to swing in a large range, causing the column 108 and the gantry 109 to deflect relative to each other, causing the matching structure 106 (to be precise, to cause the magnetic lines of force of the two magnets to be dislocated) ) to turn off or turn on the control switch 107.
为了规避上述可能对自然灾害监测造成干扰的因素，在本发明的一个实施例中，在立柱108正下方的龙门架109与立柱108下端之间设置有一用于削弱立柱108相对龙门架109摆动的减能器114。In order to avoid the above-mentioned factors that may interfere with the monitoring of natural disasters, in one embodiment of the present invention, between the gantry 109 directly below the column 108 and the lower end of the column 108, a device for weakening the swing of the column 108 relative to the gantry 109 is provided. energy absorber 114 .
从材料获取的便利性、结构简单、使用寿命等多方因素考虑，在设计时，可以优选减能器114为分别设置在立柱108正下方的龙门架109与立柱108下端上的两块磁体，两块磁体相对端为异性相吸。Considering many factors such as the convenience of material acquisition, simple structure, and service life, the energy absorber 114 can be preferably designed as two magnets on the gantry 109 directly below the column 108 and the lower end of the column 108 respectively. Opposite ends of the block magnets attract each other.
再次参考图2和图3，该自然灾害监测装置1还包括一由上壳体110和下壳体112组成的外壳，外壳可以为任意形状，这里以球形为例，监测结构通过龙门架109固定安装在外壳内。密封的外壳可以对监测结构起到保护作用，使其避免日晒雨露等对造成影响；同时还可以进一步降低外界干扰因素造成监测的准确性。Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 again, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 also includes a casing made up of an upper casing 110 and a lower casing 112, the casing can be in any shape, here a spherical one is taken as an example, and the monitoring structure is fixed by a gantry 109 installed in the housing. The sealed casing can protect the monitoring structure from the sun, rain and dew, etc.; at the same time, it can further reduce the accuracy of monitoring caused by external interference factors.
自然灾害监测装置1安装好后，为了便于与外界的控制单元连接，可以在外壳上设置有一与控制开关107连接的接线盒115，这样连接时，可以直接将导线卡装在开关盒116内。After the natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed, in order to be conveniently connected with the control unit of the outside, a junction box 115 connected with the control switch 107 can be provided on the casing, and when connecting like this, the wire can be directly clamped in the switch box 116.
为了维持控制开关107的常开或者常闭状态的磁体的安装，可以将控制开关107和磁体设置在一起装入一个开关盒116中，再将开关盒116密封后安装在龙门架109上端的中部。In order to maintain the installation of the normally open or normally closed magnets of the control switch 107, the control switch 107 and the magnet can be arranged together and packed into a switch box 116, and then the switch box 116 is sealed and installed in the middle of the gantry 109 upper end .
由于本自然灾害监测装置1使用时放置在野外，雨露、潮湿的空气时常会浸入外壳内，外壳内部的监测结构长时间处在潮湿的环境会存在一定程度的腐蚀，于是在本发明的一个实施例中，自然灾害监测装置1还包括设置在外壳内用于对进入外壳内的气体进行吸附的干燥装置111。Since the natural disaster monitoring device 1 is placed in the field during use, rain, dew, and humid air often immerse in the casing, and the monitoring structure inside the casing will be corroded to a certain extent in a humid environment for a long time, so in an implementation of the present invention In one example, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 further includes a drying device 111 arranged in the casing for adsorbing gas entering the casing.
为了便于自然灾害监测装置1被稳定地设置在被监测点，可以在自然灾害监测装置1的外壳上设有至少具有一个安装孔的支耳104。In order to facilitate the natural disaster monitoring device 1 to be stably installed at the monitored point, a lug 104 having at least one mounting hole may be provided on the casing of the natural disaster monitoring device 1 .
参考图4，本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种自然灾害监测防护报警系统，图4示出了自然灾害监测防护报警系统的原理框图。Referring to FIG. 4 , another object of the present invention is to provide a natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system. FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram of the natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system.
如图4所示，该自然灾害监测防护报警系统包括：至少一个监测单元，其至少具有上面所提到过的对自然灾害进行监测的自然灾害监测装置1；一控制单元，其与自然灾害监测装置1连接，用于接收监测单元上传的监测信息，并将监测信息与其内部设定的参数进行对比后，将对比结果进行上传。As shown in Figure 4, this natural disaster monitoring protection alarm system comprises: at least one monitoring unit, it has at least the natural disaster monitoring device 1 that above-mentioned natural disaster is monitored; A control unit, it and natural disaster monitoring The device 1 is connected to receive the monitoring information uploaded by the monitoring unit, compare the monitoring information with its internally set parameters, and upload the comparison result.
一控制终端，通过有线或者无线与控制单元进行通信，其用于接收控制单元上传的对比结果，并将对比结果与其内部设置的数据进行比对后，根据比对结果可以人为控制或者通过内部系统设定的可供参考的数据给控制单元发送启动报警信息。A control terminal, which communicates with the control unit through wired or wireless, which is used to receive the comparison result uploaded by the control unit, and after comparing the comparison result with the data set inside, it can be controlled manually or through the internal system according to the comparison result The set data available for reference sends start-up alarm information to the control unit.
一报警单元，用于执行控制单元发出的报警信息指令；以及一供电单元，用于给监测单元、控制单元、控制终端和报警单元提供电能。An alarm unit is used to execute the alarm information command issued by the control unit; and a power supply unit is used to provide electric energy for the monitoring unit, the control unit, the control terminal and the alarm unit.
使用时，一个控制终端可以控制多个控制单元，每个控制单元可以控制多个监测防护单元和报警单元。When in use, one control terminal can control multiple control units, and each control unit can control multiple monitoring protection units and alarm units.
在本发明的一个实施例中，自然灾害监测防护报警系统还可以具有一与控制单元进行通信、用于控制或消除报警单元报警的移动报警控制器。移动报警控制器可以设置在需要了解待监测点状况的机车上，或者由需要实时掌握监测点掌控的管理者随身携带，或者位于控制终端所在位置，不过关于移动报警控制器的安装点可以根据具体地段发生自燃灾害的频率进行选择。In one embodiment of the present invention, the natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system may also have a mobile alarm controller that communicates with the control unit for controlling or eliminating the alarm of the alarm unit. The mobile alarm controller can be set on the locomotive that needs to know the status of the monitoring point, or it can be carried by the manager who needs to grasp the control of the monitoring point in real time, or it can be located at the location of the control terminal, but the installation point of the mobile alarm controller can be determined according to the specific situation. The frequency of spontaneous combustion disasters in the lot is selected.
上述的报警单元可以为声光报警模块，还可以由如图12示出来的模块组成。The above-mentioned alarm unit can be an audible and visual alarm module, and can also be composed of modules as shown in FIG. 12 .
如图12所示，报警单元包括控制模块、与充放电模块连接在一起的蓄电池组及分别与控制模块连接的蓄电池、语音模块、信号灯和无线收发模块；其中语音模块还与一扬声器连接。As shown in Figure 12, the alarm unit includes a control module, a battery pack connected to the charging and discharging module, a battery connected to the control module, a voice module, a signal light and a wireless transceiver module; wherein the voice module is also connected to a loudspeaker.
在构建自然灾害监测防护报警系统时，控制模块与控制单元连接，无线收发模块与移动报警控制器连接；充放电模块与供电单元连接。When building a natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system, the control module is connected to the control unit, the wireless transceiver module is connected to the mobile alarm controller, and the charging and discharging module is connected to the power supply unit.
由于本自然灾害监测防护报警系统耗能低，可以采用太阳能供电，也即供电单元可以为太阳能电池。充放电模块给蓄电池组充电，当供电单元故障不能够给报警单元供电时，报警单元自带的蓄电池组储存的电能也能够供控制模块供电。Since the natural disaster monitoring, protection and alarm system has low energy consumption, it can be powered by solar energy, that is, the power supply unit can be a solar battery. The charging and discharging module charges the battery pack. When the power supply unit fails and cannot supply power to the alarm unit, the electric energy stored in the battery pack of the alarm unit can also supply power to the control module.
控制模块是报警单元的核心，控制着信号灯、无线收发模块和语音模块，同时也受蓄电池组和无线发射接收模块的控制。信号灯提供的是颜色信号报警。语音模块和扬声器提供声音报警。The control module is the core of the alarm unit, which controls the signal lamp, the wireless transceiver module and the voice module, and is also controlled by the battery pack and the wireless transmitter and receiver module. Signal lamps provide color signal alarms. Voice module and speaker provide audible alarm.
当移动报警控制器安放在远程的报警地点，如行人、机车、火车等需要保护的移动对象上，其具有声、光报警和显示信息的功能；报警单元报警时，控制模块控制无线收发模块给移动移动报警控制器发出报警信息；而且移动报警控制器还可以通过无线收发模块来控制控制模块报警或者消除报警。正常情况下报警单元是处于充电储能待命工作状态，只有发生以下情况，报警单元开始报警。When the mobile alarm controller is placed in a remote alarm location, such as pedestrians, locomotives, trains and other moving objects that need protection, it has the functions of sound and light alarm and display information; when the alarm unit alarms, the control module controls the wireless transceiver module to send The mobile alarm controller sends alarm information; and the mobile alarm controller can also control the control module to alarm or eliminate the alarm through the wireless transceiver module. Under normal circumstances, the alarm unit is in the charging and energy storage standby state. Only when the following situations occur, the alarm unit will start to alarm.
无线收发模块通过无线传输给移动报警控制器发出报警信息；而且移动报警控制器还可以通过无线信号控制无线收发模块来控制控制模块报警或者消除报警。正常情况下报警单元是处于充电储能待命工作状态，只有发生以下情况，报警单元开始报警。The wireless transceiver module sends alarm information to the mobile alarm controller through wireless transmission; and the mobile alarm controller can also control the wireless transceiver module through wireless signals to control the control module to alarm or eliminate the alarm. Under normal circumstances, the alarm unit is in the charging and energy storage standby state. Only when the following situations occur, the alarm unit will start to alarm.
当控制单元发出报警指令，报警单元的控制模块控制信号灯闪亮报警信号；同时控制语音模块发出报警信号，扬声器开始语音报警；控制模块还控制无线发射接收模块通过无线传输信号给移动报警接收控制器发出报警信息。When the control unit sends an alarm command, the control module of the alarm unit controls the signal lamp to flash the alarm signal; at the same time, the voice module is controlled to send the alarm signal, and the speaker starts a voice alarm; the control module also controls the wireless transmitting and receiving module to transmit signals to the mobile alarm receiving controller through wireless transmission Send an alarm message.
该自然灾害监测防护报警系统在安装时其控制开关107与立柱108必须位于同一条直线上，使控制开关107处于开启或关闭状态，这样，一旦自然灾害监测装置1安装处出现变动时，通过立柱108偏离控制开关107，使开关量从一种状态变成另一种状态实现监测。When this natural disaster monitoring protection alarm system is installed, its control switch 107 and the column 108 must be located on the same straight line, so that the control switch 107 is in an open or closed state. 108 deviates from the control switch 107, so that the switch value changes from one state to another to realize monitoring.
为了实现准确地对自然灾害进行监测，于是在本发明的一个实施例中，监测单元还包括用于使自然灾害监测装置1、且使控制开关107与立柱108位于同一条直线上的安装架2。In order to realize accurate monitoring of natural disasters, in one embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring unit also includes a mounting bracket 2 for making the natural disaster monitoring device 1 and the control switch 107 and the column 108 be located on the same straight line .
在本发明的一个实施例中，该监测单元还可以包括设置有对自然灾害易发地段进行防护的防护网。防护网一般安装在易出现滑坡、塌方、落石等自然灾害的地方，这样防护网就可以对一些比较轻微的自然灾害起到一定的防护作用。In an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring unit may also include a protective net for protecting areas prone to natural disasters. The protective net is generally installed in places prone to natural disasters such as landslides, landslides, and falling rocks, so that the protective net can play a certain protective role against some relatively minor natural disasters.
参考图5至图7所示，这几个图示出了自然灾害监测装置1安装在几种不同结构的安装架2的示意图。Referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 , these figures show the schematic diagrams of the natural disaster monitoring device 1 installed on the installation frame 2 of several different structures.
如图5至图7所示，该实施例的安装架2包括将监测结构固定安装在其上的支撑架201和用于与支撑架201配合、将监测结构固定安装在被监测地点的连接臂。As shown in Figures 5 to 7, the installation frame 2 of this embodiment includes a support frame 201 on which the monitoring structure is fixedly installed and a connecting arm for cooperating with the support frame 201 to fixedly install the monitoring structure at the monitored site .
上述的支撑架201上端可以通过螺栓与自然灾害监测装置1的外壳上设置的具有安装孔的支耳104配合，在支撑架201的下端可以具有一个设置有安装孔的端部。The upper end of the above-mentioned support frame 201 can cooperate with the lug 104 provided with the mounting hole on the shell of the natural disaster monitoring device 1 through bolts, and the lower end of the support frame 201 can have an end portion provided with a mounting hole.
在将连接臂和支撑架201组装在一起之前，可以先调节支撑架201相对连接臂的角度，直到控制开关107与立柱108位于同一条直线上后，通过螺栓将连接臂和支撑架201固定安装在一起。Before the connecting arm and the supporting frame 201 are assembled together, the angle of the supporting frame 201 relative to the connecting arm can be adjusted until the control switch 107 and the column 108 are on the same straight line, and then the connecting arm and the supporting frame 201 are fixedly installed by bolts together.
如图5所示，连接臂可以为一个呈L形的第一直角臂202，第一直角臂202与支撑架201的端部连接端也开设有一安装孔，第一直角臂202的另一端可以通过焊接的方式固定安装在被监测点。As shown in Figure 5, the connecting arm can be an L-shaped first right-angle arm 202, and an installation hole is also provided at the end connecting end of the first right-angle arm 202 and the support frame 201, and the other end of the first right-angle arm 202 can be It is fixedly installed at the monitored point by welding.
如图6所示，连接臂也可以为在一根横臂203上至少连接两根延伸壁2031的结构，在横臂203的两端和延伸壁2031的端部均设置有一个安装孔。此处的连接臂通过其中一个延伸壁2031上的安装孔与支撑架201的端部固定安装在一起。横臂203可以在其一个端部设置的安装座204将自然灾害监测装置1安装在被监测点。As shown in FIG. 6 , the connecting arm can also be a structure in which at least two extension walls 2031 are connected to one cross arm 203 , and a mounting hole is provided at both ends of the cross arm 203 and the ends of the extension walls 2031 . Here, the connecting arm is fixedly installed with the end of the support frame 201 through the installation hole on one of the extension walls 2031 . The mounting seat 204 provided at one end of the cross arm 203 can install the natural disaster monitoring device 1 at the monitored point.
如图7所示，安装架2的连接臂还可以为一个呈T形的基座205，在基座205的上端连接的杆体上设有与支撑架201的端部配合的安装孔，其下端可以通过螺钉将自然灾害监测装置1安装在被监测点。图7中的基座205的结构可以与图6中的安装座204具有相同的结构，或者说安装座204和基座205就为同一个装置。As shown in Figure 7, the connecting arm of the mounting frame 2 can also be a T-shaped base 205, and the rod body connected to the upper end of the base 205 is provided with a mounting hole matched with the end of the support frame 201, and the lower end The natural disaster monitoring device 1 can be installed at the monitored point by screws. The structure of the base 205 in FIG. 7 may have the same structure as the mounting base 204 in FIG. 6 , or the mounting base 204 and the base 205 are the same device.
由于自然灾害易发点大部分是一大片地带，若直接将自然灾害监测装置1通过安装架2安装在地面、岩体内，其监测时只能对其所在的一小块区域进行监测，监测范围小且监测的准确率相对较低。Because the natural disaster prone point is mostly a large area, if the natural disaster monitoring device 1 is directly installed on the ground and the rock body by the installation frame 2, it can only monitor a small area where it is located during its monitoring. The range is small and the accuracy of monitoring is relatively low.
为了规避上述所说的监测范围小和监测准确率低的问题，可以将自然灾害监测装置1通过安装架2设置在防护网的锚杆301和/或自然灾害监测装置1通过安装架2设置在防护网覆盖范围内的岩体上后，通过绳索或者滑轮结构与绳索配合形成的结构稳定地固定在防护网上。In order to avoid the above-mentioned problems of small monitoring range and low monitoring accuracy, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 can be arranged on the anchor rod 301 of the protective net through the installation frame 2 and/or the natural disaster monitoring device 1 can be arranged on the anchor rod 301 through the installation frame 2 After the rock mass within the coverage of the protective net is placed, the structure formed by the cooperation of the rope or the pulley structure and the rope is stably fixed on the protective net.
安装在防护网上后，当防护网所在区域任何一个地方发生位移，整个防护网都会发生变动，那么其上安装的自然灾害监测装置1必然发生位移，这样安装后，一个自然灾害监测装置1就能实现整片防护网所在区域的监测点的监测。After being installed on the protective net, when any place in the area where the protective net is displaced, the entire protective net will change, so the natural disaster monitoring device 1 installed on it must be displaced, so after installation, a natural disaster monitoring device 1 can Realize the monitoring of the monitoring points in the area where the entire protective net is located.
图8和图9示出了在由一垂直面和一坡度组成的待监测点的防护网上安装自然灾害监测装置1的实施例。下面就结合附图8和附图9对自然灾害监测装置1通过安装架2安装在斜坡待监测点和/或垂直面待监测点的实施例进行说明：Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 show the embodiment of installing the natural disaster monitoring device 1 on the protective net of the point to be monitored which is composed of a vertical plane and a slope. Below just in conjunction with accompanying drawing 8 and accompanying drawing 9 the embodiment that natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed on slope to be monitored point and/or vertical surface to be monitored point by mounting frame 2 is described:
当自然灾害监测装置1需要安装在斜坡待监测点上时，可以首先通过拉绳302和防护网基座在斜坡待监测点前方固定安装被动防护网3，具体地为被动防护网3的底部通过防护网基座固定安装在地面上，被动防护网3的上端用拉绳302固定在斜坡待监测点的坡面上，由于被动防护网3与斜坡待监测点的斜坡不直接接触，被动防护网3的一块区域变动，整个网体都会移动，此处可以将自然灾害监测装置1通过图5示出来的安装架2焊接在被动防护网3的锚杆301上。When the natural disaster monitoring device 1 needs to be installed on the slope to be monitored, the passive protective net 3 can be fixedly installed in front of the slope to be monitored by the stay rope 302 and the protective net base, specifically the bottom of the passive protective net 3. The protective net base is fixedly installed on the ground, and the upper end of the passive protective net 3 is fixed on the slope surface of the slope to be monitored with a stay rope 302. Since the passive protective net 3 does not directly contact the slope of the slope to be monitored, the passive protective net 3 changes, the entire net body will move, where the natural disaster monitoring device 1 can be welded on the anchor rod 301 of the passive protective net 3 through the installation frame 2 shown in FIG. 5 .
当斜坡待监测点发生塌方、落石、泥石流和山体滑坡等自然灾害，被动防护网3就能起到防护作用，当自然灾害的冲击和破坏力超过其防护承受能力时，被动防护网3就会发生倾斜和位移，这时候原本处于监测状态的自然灾害监测装置1就转换为报警状态，自然灾害监测防护报警系统进入报警模式。When natural disasters such as landslides, rockfalls, mudslides and landslides occur at the slope to be monitored, the passive protection net 3 can play a protective role. When the impact and destructive force of natural disasters exceed its protection capacity, the passive protection net 3 will Tilting and displacement occur, at this time the natural disaster monitoring device 1 originally in the monitoring state is converted into an alarm state, and the natural disaster monitoring and protection alarm system enters the alarm mode.
当自然灾害监测装置1需要安装在垂直面待监测点上时，大部分类似这种垂直面监测点的垂直面上会存在一起不规则的凸起，由于垂直面待监测点不适用安装被动防护网3，这种情况，可以在垂直面监测点固定安装上主动防护网5。When the natural disaster monitoring device 1 needs to be installed on the vertical surface to be monitored, most of the vertical surfaces similar to this vertical surface monitoring point will have irregular protrusions, because the vertical surface to be monitored is not suitable for installing passive protection Net 3, in this case, the active protection net 5 can be fixedly installed at the vertical surface monitoring point.
主动防护网5的网体是与垂直面监测点的垂直面相贴合的，这种情况下可以在主动防护网5的覆盖范围内通过安装拉绳302与滑轮结构(滑轮结构可以包括第一滑轮组4和第二滑轮组6)固定自然灾害监测装置1。具体为：The net body of active protection net 5 is fit with the vertical plane of vertical plane monitoring point, in this case can be in the coverage area of active protection net 5 by installing stay rope 302 and pulley structure (pulley structure can comprise the first pulley block 4 and the second block of pulleys 6) fixing the natural disaster monitoring device 1. Specifically:
首先将拉绳302的一端通过拉紧器502固定安装在主动防护网5下端的岩体上，拉绳302的另一端也是固定在主动防护网5下端的岩体上，拉绳302两端虽然都是固定在岩体上，但是固定方式是完全不一样的，一端是不能移动的，另一端能够通过拉紧器502进行调整。整根拉绳302是呈波浪形的方式布置在防护网5上，具体地为将拉绳302最上端的两点穿过固定在防护网5上端覆盖的岩体上的两个第一滑轮组4上；位于第一滑轮组4和拉紧器502中间的拉绳302可以至少穿过一个固定在防护网5覆盖的岩体上的第二滑轮组6。At first one end of stay cord 302 is fixedly installed on the rock mass of active protective net 5 lower ends by tensioner 502, and the other end of stay cord 302 is also fixed on the rock mass of active protective net 5 lower ends, although stay cord 302 two ends They are all fixed on the rock mass, but the fixing methods are completely different, one end cannot be moved, and the other end can be adjusted by the tensioner 502 . The whole stay rope 302 is arranged on the protective net 5 in a wavy manner, specifically, the two uppermost points of the stay rope 302 pass through the two first pulley blocks 4 fixed on the rock mass covered by the upper end of the protective net 5 The stay rope 302 located in the middle of the first pulley block 4 and the tensioner 502 can at least pass through a second pulley block 6 fixed on the rock mass covered by the protective net 5 .
在被动防护网3的防护范围下端的岩体上通过图6示出来的安装架2安装上一个自然灾害监测装置1；然后在连接臂上固定上一个拉紧器502后，在拉紧器502上连接一段拉绳302，该段拉绳302穿过固定在岩体上的第二滑轮组6、第一定滑轮501与呈波浪形布置的拉绳302连接；在横臂203上装上一个具有一定重量的吊坠，给横臂203一个向下的拉力，将拉绳302拉伸。A natural disaster monitoring device 1 is installed on the rock mass at the lower end of the protection range of the passive protection net 3 by the installation frame 2 shown in Figure 6; A section of stay rope 302 is connected on the top, and this section of stay rope 302 passes through the second pulley block 6 fixed on the rock mass, and the first fixed pulley 501 is connected with the stay rope 302 arranged in a wave shape; The pendant of the weight gives the cross arm 203 a downward pulling force, and the stay cord 302 is stretched.
设置完成后，通过两个调节拉紧器502就能够实现自然灾害监测装置1上下角度的调整，使其进入监测状态。After the setting is completed, the adjustment of the up and down angle of the natural disaster monitoring device 1 can be realized through the two adjustment tensioners 502, so that it enters the monitoring state.
这样，自然灾害监测装置1就能够与呈波浪形布置的拉绳302在主动防护网5的防护范围内保持着固定但不稳定的状态。在当直面待监测点发生塌方、落石、泥石流和山体滑坡时，主动防护网5能够起到防护作用，当自然在灾害的冲击和破坏力超过其防护承受能力时，主动防护网5就会发生崩塌和位移，带动拉绳302发生形变，这时候原本处于监测状态的自然灾害监测装置1就转换为报警状态，本自然灾害监测防护报警系统进入报警模式。In this way, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 can maintain a fixed but unstable state within the protection range of the active protection net 5 with the stay cord 302 arranged in a wave shape. When landslides, rockfalls, mudslides and landslides occur at the point to be monitored, the active protection net 5 can play a protective role. When the impact and destructive force of natural disasters exceed its protection capacity, the active protection net 5 will The collapse and displacement cause the stay rope 302 to be deformed. At this time, the natural disaster monitoring device 1 originally in the monitoring state is converted into an alarm state, and the natural disaster monitoring and protection alarm system enters the alarm mode.
如图10所示，第一滑轮组4包括呈L形的第二直角臂401，第二直角臂401的一端通过一根链条402连接有一滑轮盒405，滑轮盒405内通过一根轴承403固定安装有一第一滑轮404；第二直角臂401的另一端活动地安装在一底座的套筒407内；第二直角臂401弯折处通过一链条402还连接有一锁扣406。As shown in Figure 10, the first pulley block 4 includes a second right-angle arm 401 in an L shape, one end of the second right-angle arm 401 is connected to a pulley box 405 by a chain 402, and a bearing 403 is fixedly installed in the pulley box 405 There is a first pulley 404; the other end of the second right-angle arm 401 is movably installed in a sleeve 407 of a base;
使用时第一滑轮组4通过底座固定安装在岩体上，其锁扣406挂在主动防护网5的网体上，拉绳302设置在第一滑轮组4的滑轮盒405内的第一滑轮404上。During use, the first pulley block 4 is fixedly installed on the rock mass through the base, and its lock catch 406 is hung on the net body of the active protection net 5, and the stay rope 302 is arranged on the first pulley 404 in the pulley box 405 of the first pulley block 4 .
如图11所示，第二滑轮组6包括一安装在支撑臂601上的一滑轮盒405，滑轮盒405内通过一根轴承403固定安装有一第一滑轮404；支撑臂601可旋转地安装在一个立杆上，立杆活动地安装在一底座的套筒407内；底座的套筒407上还通过一链条402还连接有一锁扣406。As shown in Figure 11, the second pulley block 6 comprises a pulley box 405 installed on the support arm 601, a first pulley 404 is fixedly installed by a bearing 403 in the pulley box 405; the support arm 601 is rotatably installed on a On the pole, the pole is movably installed in a sleeve 407 of the base; the sleeve 407 of the base is also connected with a lock 406 through a chain 402 .
使用时第二滑轮组6通过底座固定安装在岩体上，其锁扣406挂在主动防护网5的网体上，拉绳302设置在第二滑轮组6的滑轮盒405内的第一滑轮404上。During use, the second pulley block 6 is fixedly installed on the rock mass by the base, and its lock catch 406 is hung on the net body of the active protection net 5, and the stay rope 302 is arranged on the first pulley 404 in the pulley box 405 of the second pulley block 6 .
虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述，但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内，本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。Although the specific implementation manner of the present invention has been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510174407.0ACN104835290B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Natural disaster monitoring device and its monitoring protection alarm system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510174407.0ACN104835290B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Natural disaster monitoring device and its monitoring protection alarm system |
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| CN201510174407.0AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104835290B (en) | 2015-04-14 | 2015-04-14 | Natural disaster monitoring device and its monitoring protection alarm system |
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