A kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rigTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction technology for rotary drilling rig, specifically a kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig, belongs to rotary drilling rig technical field.
Background technology
At present, rotary drilling rig, when carrying out ground consisting of hard rock and creeping into, can configure pneumatic down-hole hammer equipment for improving efficiency of construction on fuselage, and pneumatic down-hole hammer, mainly through the residual air of pressure-air, is constructed outside the blowout of fractured rock chip hole.Existing down-hole hammer is divided into direct circulation down-hole hammer and reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer, and generally, direct circulation down-hole hammer uses direct circulation construction technology, and reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer uses reverse circulation construction technique.Wherein, direct circulation construction technology refers to that driving drilling rod and drill bit to turn round by rig slewing equipment cuts broken ground, then is input into mud from slush pump toward drilling rod, and mud rises along drilling rod hole wall, overflowing and flows into mud pit, finally returning circulatory pool through precipitating from aperture.And reverse circulation construction technique refers to that driving drilling rod and drill bit to turn round by rig slewing equipment cuts broken ground, then utilize the measure suction circulation slurry coat methods such as pump suction, gaslift, injection, carry boring mud secretly by the hole forming method outside drilling rod inner chamber sucking-off hole.
Consider that the bore diameter of rotary drilling rig is larger, and the largest diameter of the down-hole hammer of major diameter direct circulation in the market can reach 2 meters, the largest diameter of reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer just about 0.3 meter, visible, direct circulation down-hole hammer can meet the requirement of rotary drilling rig to bore diameter, and reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer be not suitable for rotary drilling rig, therefore with rotary drilling rig with the use of time, the general direct circulation down-hole hammer that adopts is more.But if use direct circulation down-hole hammer, direct circulation construction technology naturally can be taked to construct, for preventing collapse hole, must arrange full casing sleeve pipe follow-up construction, which not only adds cost, and institute's deslagging is not easy to collect, environment pollution is larger.On the contrary, if when utilizing reverse circulation construction technique to carry out deslagging, then can centralized collection slag, simultaneously, the construction of full casing can also be reduced by structure design, reduce construction cost, the problem that direct circulation construction technology is brought can be solved, but also do not utilize direct circulation down-hole hammer to implement the precedent of reverse circulation construction technique at present, therefore how realizing reacting cycle construction when constructing large aperture by direct circulation down-hole hammer is the significant difficulty that pile foundation industry is studied always.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing; the invention provides a kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig; direct circulation down-hole hammer can be utilized to implement reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique; use mud protection hole wall; significantly construction cost be can reduce, the pollution to environment and destruction reduced simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, a kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig that the present invention adopts, this construction technology by configuring direct circulation down-hole hammer on rotary drilling rig, mud is utilized to protect hole wall principle, simultaneously in whole transmission equipment, increase and be used for deslagging, the water tap of source of the gas is provided to drilling rod and down-hole hammer, for by direct circulation down-hole hammer the reverse circulation conversion equipment of boring mud reacting cycle engineering method deslagging, and water tap is arranged on drilling rod upper end, reverse circulation conversion equipment is arranged between drilling rod and direct circulation down-hole hammer, reverse circulation construction technique is adopted to utilize gaslift to aspirate down-hole hammer boring mud, and carry boring mud secretly along reverse circulation conversion equipment inner chamber, drilling rod inner chamber, technique of slagging tap outside water tap deslagging pipeline tap.
For a pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig, its concrete steps are:
A, first, rotary drilling rig is installed down-hole hammer equipment, described down-hole hammer equipment comprises the water tap that head and the tail connect successively, through the drilling rod of unit head, reverse circulation conversion equipment and direct circulation down-hole hammer, described water tap, drilling rod and reverse circulation conversion equipment all have the down-hole hammer supply air line for providing source of the gas to supply down-hole hammer work, the gas lift reverse circulation supply air line realizing gas-lift slag discharging for providing source of the gas and the deslagging pipeline for discharging construction medium stone and foreign material, described water tap is positioned at the wire rope bored on the gooseneck boom of mast guide rail top and is connected with being wrapped in rotary drilling rig, simultaneously, by the down-hole hammer air supply pipe in water tap, gas lift reverse circulation air supply pipe, scum pipe and source of the gas generator, receive slag device to connect,
B, startup rotary drilling rig, arrange the rotary rpm of unit head, and transfer whole down-hole hammer equipment to waiting for drilling area at the bottom of down-hole hammer tup kiss the earth, rock or drilling hole;
Reacting cycle valve on c, unlatching source of the gas generator, gas is made to enter water tap, again in water tap in gas lift reverse circulation supply air line, drilling rod gas lift reverse circulation supply air line to the top of reverse circulation conversion equipment exit direct circulation down-hole hammer, and keep continue gas injection;
D, start to boring in inject mud, mud and/or boring in the slag inlet of boring mud bottom reverse circulation conversion equipment enter reverse circulation conversion equipment, and with the gas and vapor permeation in reverse circulation conversion equipment, after mud and gas and vapor permeation, density reduces, and upwards sprays along reverse circulation conversion equipment, drilling rod and water tap inner chamber;
E, when water tap scum pipe place has lasting mud and/or boring mud to discharge, open down-hole hammer air-supplying valve on source of the gas generator, direct circulation down-hole hammer is started working, and keep continuing gas injection, the disintegrating slag cut, impurity are by under the effect of down-hole hammer construction residual air, mud along with bottom is constantly filled into reverse circulation conversion equipment inner chamber, and along outside reverse circulation conversion equipment inner chamber, drilling rod inner chamber and water tap inner chamber upwards tap
F, receive slag device and collect the boring mud ejected and mud, time about the degree of depth to 2 hole to be drilled meter, mud returns hole wall protective hole, prevents collapse hole;
G, so circulation hole until drilling depth reaches requirement, and simultaneously continuous by outside the boring mud tap at the bottom of hole, subdrilling slag in hole is all got rid of the most at last.
Preferably, described receipts slag device is being separated with mud the boring mud collected while boring mud and slurry collecting, and isolated mud is entered mud pit, for being again filled in boring.
Preferably, described source of the gas generator is air compressor machine, and described receipts slag device is the collection slag car.
Preferably, before the work of startup direct circulation down-hole hammer, first can utilize common drill bit formation drilling soil layer surface, in time entering rock stratum, configure direct circulation down-hole hammer again carry out fragmentation or creep into.
The outside of described water tap is provided with the arbitrary-movement articulator that can move up and down along drilling machine mast in rotary drilling rig.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by configuring direct circulation down-hole hammer on the basis of existing rotary drilling rig, increase water tap and reverse circulation conversion equipment, change the internal construction of original drilling rod simultaneously, make itself and water tap, reverse circulation conversion equipment equally has the down-hole hammer supply air line for providing source of the gas to supply down-hole hammer work, the gas lift reverse circulation supply air line realizing gas-lift slag discharging for providing source of the gas and the deslagging pipeline for discharging construction medium stone and foreign material, thus can by outside boring mud extraction hole by pore reacting cycle, reach the object utilizing direct circulation down-hole hammer to realize reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique, and the mud injected in boring can be dissolved in one with boring mud, and discharge together with boring mud, avoid the pollution of dust to environment, the mud injected can be used for the retaining wall of protective hole, compared with steel pile casting retaining wall, considerably reduces construction cost.And can carry out separating treatment to the mud ejected and boring mud, the mud after separation can be recycled, and it is of reduced contamination that mud causes.Finally, this technique can be used for the major diameter construction of rotary drilling rig, improves work efficiency, reduces construction cost.Finally, direct circulation down-hole hammer can be utilized to realize reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique, use mud protection hole wall, significantly can reduce construction cost, reduce the pollution to environment and destruction simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for one is for implementing rotary drilling rig schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Construction Principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram utilizing normal drill bit to construct to soil layer;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention starts gas lift reverse circulation air feed;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the present invention starts slip casting;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of deslagging of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the connection diagram between water tap of the present invention and miscellaneous part;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of water tap;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of water tap;
Figure 10 is the part-structure schematic diagram of water tap;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of reverse circulation conversion equipment.
Figure 12 is the sectional view at A-A place in Figure 10;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of drilling rod;
Figure 14 is the sectional view at A-A place in Figure 13;
Figure 15 is the sectional view at B-B place in Figure 13.
In figure: 1, the collection slag car, 2, air compressor machine, 3, scum pipe, 4, air inlet pipe, 5, gaslift air inlet pipe, 6, wire rope, 7, gooseneck boom, 8, water tap, 801, air cavity, 802, sealing, 803, bearing, 804, pivoting support, 805, bolt IV, 806, bolt III, 807, air flue, 808, outer six square shaft assemblies, 809, bolt II, 810, revolving body, 811, bolt I, 812, three-channel housing assembly, 813, housing I, 814, transition body, 815, housing II, 816, housing III, 9, arbitrary-movement articulator, 10, drilling rod, 101, outer bar, 102, adapter cavity, 103, 3rd steel pipe, 104, second steel pipe, 105, first steel pipe, 11, unit head, 12, reverse circulation conversion equipment, 121, short drill pipe, 122, adapter cavity, 123, gaslift supply pipe, 124, air inlet pipe I, 125, casing, 126, guard shield, 127, scum pipe a, 128, curved air inlet pipe II, 129, mud hole, 13, rotary drilling rig, 14, direct circulation down-hole hammer, 15, first bearing pin assembly, 16, hoisting frame, 17, slag notch, 18, gaslift air inlet port, 19, air inlet port, 20, second bearing pin assembly, 21, outer six square joints, 22, 3rd bearing pin assembly, 23, interior six square joints, 24, sealing ring, 25, six square joints in down-hole hammer, 26, centre bore, 27, steel-tube seat, 28, oval hole slot.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig, this construction technology by configuring direct circulation down-hole hammer 14 on rotary drilling rig, mud is utilized to protect hole wall principle, simultaneously in whole transmission equipment, increase and be used for deslagging, the water tap 8 of source of the gas is provided to drilling rod and down-hole hammer, for by direct circulation down-hole hammer the reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 of boring mud reacting cycle engineering method deslagging, and water tap 8 is arranged on drilling rod 10 upper end, reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 is arranged between drilling rod 10 and direct circulation down-hole hammer 14, reverse circulation construction technique is adopted to utilize gaslift to aspirate down-hole hammer boring mud, and carry boring mud secretly along reverse circulation conversion equipment inner chamber, drilling rod inner chamber, technique of slagging tap outside water tap deslagging pipeline tap.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of pneumatic down-hole hammer reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique for rotary drilling rig, its concrete steps are:
A, first, rotary drilling rig 13 is installed down-hole hammer equipment, described down-hole hammer equipment comprises the water tap 8 that head and the tail connect successively, through the drilling rod 10 of unit head, reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 and direct circulation down-hole hammer 14, described water tap 6, drilling rod 10 and reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 all have the down-hole hammer supply air line for providing source of the gas to supply down-hole hammer work, the gas lift reverse circulation supply air line realizing gas-lift slag discharging for providing source of the gas and the deslagging pipeline for discharging construction medium stone and foreign material, described water tap 8 is positioned at the wire rope 6 bored on the gooseneck boom of mast guide rail top and is connected with being wrapped in rotary drilling rig 13, simultaneously, by the down-hole hammer air supply pipe in water tap 8, gas lift reverse circulation air supply pipe, scum pipe and source of the gas generator, receive slag device to connect, wherein, source of the gas generator, receipts slag device can adopt air compressor machine 2, the collection slag car 1 respectively,
B, start rotary drilling rig 13, the rotary rpm of unit head is set, and transfers whole down-hole hammer equipment to waiting for drilling area at the bottom of the tup kiss the earth of direct circulation down-hole hammer 14, rock or drilling hole;
Reacting cycle valve on c, unlatching air compressor machine 2, gases at high pressure are made to enter water tap 8, again in water tap 8 in gas lift reverse circulation supply air line, drilling rod 10 gas lift reverse circulation supply air line to the top of reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 exit direct circulation down-hole hammer 14, and keep continue gas injection;
D, start to boring in inject mud, mud and/or boring in the slag inlet of boring mud bottom reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 enter reverse circulation conversion equipment 12, and mix with the gases at high pressure in reverse circulation conversion equipment 12, after mud mixes with gases at high pressure, density reduces, and sprays along in the scum pipe road direction in reverse circulation conversion equipment 12, drilling rod 10 and water tap 8;
E, when there is lasting mud at water tap 8 scum pipe place and/or boring mud is discharged, open down-hole hammer air-supplying valve on air compressor machine, gases at high pressure are through water tap 8, down-hole hammer supply air line in drilling rod 10 and reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 enters direct circulation down-hole hammer 14, direct circulation down-hole hammer 14 is started working, and keep continuing gas injection, the disintegrating slag cut, impurity is by under the effect of down-hole hammer construction residual air and gas lift reverse circulation supply air line inner high voltage gas, along with carrying of bottom mud is constantly filled into reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 inner chamber, and along reverse circulation conversion equipment, in scum pipe road direction on drilling rod and water tap outside tap,
F, the collection slag car 1 can be collected the boring mud ejected and mud, and time about the degree of depth to 2 hole to be drilled meter, mud returns hole wall protective hole, prevents collapse hole;
G, so circulation hole until drilling depth reaches requirement, and simultaneously continuous by outside the boring mud tap at the bottom of drilling hole, subdrilling slag in hole is all got rid of the most at last.
Preferably, described receipts slag device is being separated with mud the boring mud collected while boring mud and slurry collecting, and isolated mud is entered mud pit, being filled in boring, reduce further construction cost for being again utilized.
Preferably, before the work of startup direct circulation down-hole hammer, first can utilize common drill bit formation drilling soil layer surface, in time entering rock stratum, configure direct circulation down-hole hammer again carry out fragmentation or creep into.
In order to improve borehole accuracy, in the outside of described water tap 8, arbitrary-movement articulator 9 can be installed, one end of arbitrary-movement articulator 9 is connected with water tap 8, the other end to be arranged in rotary drilling rig on drilling machine mast, along with the folding and unfolding of wire rope 6, arbitrary-movement articulator 9 can slide up and down along drilling machine mast together with parts such as water tap 8 grade, and its guiding is better, and improve boring is precision.
As shown in Figure 7 to 10, the water tap 8 adopted in above-mentioned construction technology can comprise three-channel housing assembly 812, revolving body 810, the bearing 803 making three-channel housing assembly 812 and revolving body 810 relative motion, the outer six square shaft assemblies 808 of output be connected with revolving body 810 and inner ring is fixed on arbitrary-movement articulator 9, outer six square shaft assemblies 808 are fixed in outer ring pivoting support 804, and described three-channel housing assembly 812 comprises housing I 813, housing II 815 and housing III 817; Housing I 813 is provided with scum hole and flange, and construction medium stone and foreign material are discharged by scum hole, and flange is connected with transition body 814 with packing ring by bolt; Transition body 814 lower end is fixed by bolt and packing ring and housing II 815, and housing II 815 is provided with gas lift reverse circulation supply hole, and gas lift reverse circulation supply hole can provide source of the gas in construction, realizes gas-lift slag discharging; Housing II 815 lower end is also fixed by bolt and packing ring and housing III 816, and housing III 816 is provided with down-hole hammer air inlet, and in construction, down-hole hammer air inlet can be used for providing source of the gas to supply down-hole hammer work.Described scum hole, gas lift reverse circulation supply hole and down-hole hammer air inlet position are all provided with pipeline, and respectively as slag notch, gaslift air inlet port, the air inlet port of water tap.
Described three-channel housing assembly 812 is fixed on arbitrary-movement articulator 9 by bolt I811 and packing ring I, and arbitrary-movement articulator 9 is provided with bearing and installs seam; The outer ring of described bearing 803 is installed seam with arbitrary-movement articulator 9 bearing and is coordinated, and inner ring coordinates with revolving body 810 to be installed, and three-channel housing assembly 812 and arbitrary-movement articulator 9 are not rotated; Be provided with rotatory sealing between revolving body 810 and three-channel housing assembly 812, the source of the gas that not only can seal each passage leaks, and can also make between revolving body 810 and three-channel housing assembly 812 can relative motion mutually; Revolving body 810 is connected with outer six square shaft assemblies 808 with packing ring II by bolt II809, outer six square shaft assemblies 808 are designed with installing hole, outer six square shaft assemblies 808 can be made to be connected with pivoting support 804 outer ring, and fix with bolt III806 and packing ring II, pivoting support 804 inner ring is fixed on arbitrary-movement articulator 9 by bolt IV805 and packing ring IV; Outer six square shaft assemblies 808 be provided with six square joints in drilling rod 10 end with the use of outer six square joints, by pinned connection between inside and outside six square joints, and seal whole source of the gas by sealing ring.
As is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, the reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 adopted in above-mentioned construction technology can comprise short drill pipe 121, supply air line and dreg removing system; The upper end of described short drill pipe 121 is provided with interior six square joints, and lower end is provided with outer six square joints; The gaslift supply pipe 123 be communicated with interior six square joints I 4 for gas-lift slag discharging is provided with in described short drill pipe 121; Described supply air line comprises air inlet pipe I 124, adapter cavity 122 and curved air inlet pipe II 128, air inlet pipe I 124 upper end is communicated with interior six square joints by adapter cavity 122, air inlet pipe I 124 lower end connects curved air inlet pipe II 128 by adapter cavity 122, and curved air inlet pipe II 128 is communicated with outer six square joints; Described dreg removing system comprises mud hole 129 and scum pipe a127, and described scum pipe a127 is arranged in short drill pipe 121, and is communicated with interior six square joints, and short drill pipe 121 bottom offers some mud holes 129 be communicated with scum pipe a127.
This reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 can realize the conversion of reverse circulation deslagging engineering method, thus realizes utilizing direct circulation down-hole hammer to realize the object of reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique.If reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 is removed, direct circulation down-hole hammer 14 is directly received on drilling rod 10, and when being shut by corresponding gas lift reverse circulation air inlet port, utilize two other passage can realize direct circulation construction.The course of work: unit head 11 drives drilling rod 10 and direct circulation down-hole hammer 14 to turn round and cuts broken ground, cut rubble and rise along on the gap between drilling rod 10 and hole wall, overflow from aperture.
The pipeline that the down-hole hammer supply air line offered in described drilling rod 10, gas lift reverse circulation supply air line and deslagging pipeline are corresponding with on water tap 8, reverse circulation conversion equipment 12 communicates, as shown in Figure 13 to 15, described drilling rod 10 can comprise the outer bar 101 of hollow, the two ends of described outer bar 101 are connected with interior six square joints of centre bore 26 and outer six square joints respectively, be equipped with steel-tube seat 27 in the centre bore of described inside and outside six square joints, on inside and outside six square joints, the periphery of centre bore has oval hole slot 28; Inside described outer bar 101, two ends are provided with the cylindrical transition chamber 102 concentric with outer bar 101, described outer bar 101 inner sleeve has the two ends of placing with one heart and traversing the first steel pipe 105, first steel pipe 105 of two sections of adapter cavities 102 to dock with the centre bore of inside and outside six square joints respectively; The second steel pipe 104 of connection two sections of adapter cavities 102 is furnished with in ring-shaped cylinder cavity between described outer bar 101 and the first steel pipe 105; Be furnished with the 3rd steel pipe 103 crossing the first steel pipe 105 in described first steel pipe 105, the steel-tube seat in interior six square joint centre bores is inserted in one end of described 3rd steel pipe 103, and the other end passes the steel-tube seat in outer six square joint centre bores; Described two sections of adapter cavities 102 are communicated with the oval hole slot on inside and outside six square joints respectively; The oval hole slot of described inside and outside six square joints, adapter cavity 102 and the second steel pipe 104 form down-hole hammer supply air line; Described 3rd steel pipe 103 forms gas lift reverse circulation pipeline with the steel-tube seat of inside and outside six square joints; The centre bore of described inside and outside six square joints and the cavity between the first steel pipe 105 and the 3rd steel pipe 103 form deslagging pipeline.
As seen from the above analysis, the present invention by increasing primarily of water tap on the basis of existing rotary drilling rig, through the drilling rod of unit head, the down-hole hammer equipment of reverse circulation conversion equipment and direct circulation down-hole hammer composition, wherein, water tap, drilling rod and reverse circulation conversion equipment all have the down-hole hammer supply air line for providing source of the gas to supply down-hole hammer work, the gas lift reverse circulation supply air line realizing gas-lift slag discharging for providing source of the gas and the deslagging pipeline for discharging construction medium stone and foreign material, can by outside boring mud extraction hole by pore reacting cycle, reach the object utilizing direct circulation down-hole hammer to realize reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique, and the mud injected in boring can be dissolved in one with boring mud, and discharge together with boring mud, avoid the pollution of dust to environment, the mud injected can be used for the retaining wall of protective hole, compared with steel pile casting retaining wall, considerably reduces construction cost.And can carry out separating treatment to the mud ejected and boring mud, the mud after separation can be recycled, and it is of reduced contamination that mud causes.Finally, this technique can be used for the major diameter construction of rotary drilling rig, improves work efficiency, reduces construction cost.Finally, direct circulation down-hole hammer can be utilized to realize reacting cycle tap cinder construction technique, use mud protection hole wall, significantly can reduce construction cost, reduce the pollution to environment and destruction simultaneously.