技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种空调装置，特别是涉及如下这种空调装置，该空调装置包括制冷剂回路，该制冷剂回路具有使制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的蓄热热交换器，该空调装置进行蓄热运转，并能在除霜运转时同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转，其中上述蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转，所述蓄热利用运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热的运转。The present invention relates to an air conditioner, in particular to an air conditioner comprising a refrigerant circuit having a heat storage heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and a heat storage material, the air conditioner comprising The air conditioner performs heat storage operation, and can simultaneously perform heat storage utilization operation and heating operation during defrosting operation. The operation in which the thermal material stores heat means the operation in which heat is released from the heat storage material by making the heat storage heat exchanger function as an evaporator for the refrigerant.
背景技术Background technique
如专利文献1(日本特开2005-337657号公报)所示，一直存在一种包括制冷剂回路，且能够进行蓄热运转，并能在除霜运转时同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转的空调装置，上述制冷剂回路具有压缩机、室外热交换器、室内热交换器、以及在制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的蓄热热交换器。在此，蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转。除霜运转是指通过使室外热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而进行室外热交换器的除霜的运转。蓄热利用运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热的运转。制热运转是指使室内热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的运转。As shown in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-337657), there has always been a system that includes a refrigerant circuit and can perform heat storage operation, and can simultaneously perform heat storage utilization operation and heating operation during defrosting operation. In the air conditioner, the refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, and a heat storage heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and a heat storage material. Here, the heat storage operation refers to an operation in which heat is stored in the heat storage material by making the heat storage heat exchanger function as a radiator for the refrigerant. The defrosting operation refers to an operation in which the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted by making the outdoor heat exchanger function as a refrigerant radiator. The thermal storage utilization operation refers to an operation in which heat is released from the thermal storage material by making the thermal storage heat exchanger function as an evaporator for the refrigerant. The heating operation refers to an operation in which the indoor heat exchanger functions as a radiator for the refrigerant.
发明内容Contents of the invention
在上述以往的空调装置中，在进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时所需的室外热交换器的除霜能力因设置空调装置的地区的气象条件(室外温度、湿度和降雪的程度)等而不同。针对这种由地区的气象条件等引发的除霜能力的差异，考虑假设像寒冷地区那样的在进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时要求最强的除霜能力的气象条件等，来决定包括蓄热材料的容量等在内的蓄热热交换器的规格。In the above-mentioned conventional air conditioners, the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger required during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation varies depending on the weather conditions (outdoor temperature, humidity, and degree of snowfall) in the area where the air conditioner is installed. ) and so on. Regarding the differences in defrosting capabilities caused by regional weather conditions, etc., consider the weather conditions that require the strongest defrosting capabilities when performing defrosting operations with heat storage utilization operations, such as cold regions. Determine the specifications of the heat storage heat exchanger including the capacity of the heat storage material.
但是，这种蓄热热交换器的规格的决定的方法需要大容量的蓄热材料，对蓄热热交换器的尺寸、重量及成本的影响增大。另外，在将空调装置设置在寒冷地区的情况下，具有蓄热热交换器的空调装置的规格恰好供设置于寒冷地区，但在将空调装置设置在温暖地区的情况下，具有蓄热热交换器的空调装置的规格过剩。However, such a method of determining the specifications of the thermal storage heat exchanger requires a large-capacity thermal storage material, which increases the influence on the size, weight, and cost of the thermal storage heat exchanger. In addition, in the case of installing the air conditioner in a cold area, the specifications of the air conditioner with a heat storage heat exchanger are just for installation in a cold area, but in the case of an air conditioner installed in a warm area, the specification of the air conditioner with a heat storage heat exchanger is suitable for installation in a cold area. Air conditioner with excess specifications.
当然，若按地区准备丰富的具有蓄热热交换器的多个规格的空调装置，则能够应对在广泛地区内的设置，但规格的丰富，相应地加大生产率的下降或成本的上升等不利。Of course, if air conditioners with multiple specifications including thermal storage heat exchangers are prepared abundantly for each area, it can be installed in a wide range of areas, but the abundance of specifications brings disadvantages such as a decrease in productivity and an increase in cost. .
本发明的要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种空调装置，该空调装置包括制冷剂回路，该制冷剂回路具有在制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的蓄热热交换器，该空调装置进行蓄热运转，并能在除霜运转时同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转，能利用具有特定容量的蓄热材料的蓄热热交换器应对在广泛地区内的设置。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air conditioner, the air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circuit has a heat storage heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the heat storage material, the air conditioner The device performs heat storage operation, and can simultaneously perform heat storage utilization operation and heating operation during defrosting operation, and can use a heat storage heat exchanger with a specific capacity of heat storage material to be installed in a wide range of areas.
第一技术方案的空调装置包括制冷剂回路，该制冷剂回路具有压缩机、室外热交换器、室内热交换器、以及在制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的蓄热热交换器，该空调装置能够进行蓄热运转，并能在除霜运转时，同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转。在此，蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转。除霜运转是指通过使室外热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而进行室外热交换器的除霜的运转。蓄热利用运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热的运转。制热运转是指使室内热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的运转。并且，在该空调装置中，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，基于供室外热交换器配置的外部空间的室外温度和/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换器的出口的制冷剂的温度、即室外热交换出口温度或者前次的除霜运转所需的时间，来改变室外热交换器的除霜能力。The air conditioner of the first technical aspect includes a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, and a heat storage heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the heat storage material, This air conditioner is capable of heat storage operation, and can simultaneously perform heat storage utilization operation and heating operation during the defrosting operation. Here, the heat storage operation refers to an operation in which heat is stored in the heat storage material by making the heat storage heat exchanger function as a radiator for the refrigerant. The defrosting operation refers to an operation in which the outdoor heat exchanger is defrosted by making the outdoor heat exchanger function as a refrigerant radiator. The thermal storage utilization operation refers to an operation in which heat is released from the thermal storage material by making the thermal storage heat exchanger function as an evaporator for the refrigerant. The heating operation refers to an operation in which the indoor heat exchanger functions as a radiator for the refrigerant. In addition, in this air conditioner, during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the outdoor heat exchanger is set based on the outdoor temperature of the external space where the outdoor heat exchanger is arranged and/or the outdoor heat exchanger at the end of the previous defrosting operation. The temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, that is, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature or the time required for the previous defrosting operation, changes the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger.
在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，基于室外温度和/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度或前次的除霜运转所需的时间，对需要依据设置空调装置的地区的气象条件等变化的室外热交换器的除霜能力进行改变。因此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，能使室外热交换器的除霜能力恰好地应对设置空调装置的地区的气象条件等。Here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, the required time is determined based on the outdoor temperature and/or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the previous defrosting operation or the time required for the previous defrosting operation. The defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger is changed according to the weather conditions in the area where the air conditioner is installed. Therefore, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the thermal storage utilization operation, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be appropriately adapted to the weather conditions and the like in the area where the air conditioner is installed.
由此，在此，作为能使室外热交换器的除霜能力恰好地应对设置空调装置的地区的气象条件等，能够利用具有特定容量的蓄热材料的蓄热热交换器来应对广泛的地区。Therefore, here, as the defrosting ability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be appropriately adapted to the weather conditions of the area where the air conditioner is installed, and a heat storage heat exchanger having a heat storage material with a specific capacity can be used to cope with a wide range of areas. .
第二技术方案的空调装置在第一技术方案的空调装置的基础上，在伴有上述蓄热利用运转的上述除霜运转中，在要求进行基于上述室外温度和/或前次的上述除霜运转结束时的上述室外热交换出口温度或前次的上述除霜运转所需的时间增大上述室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，同时进行上述制热运转，并降低上述室内热交换器的制热能力。In the air conditioner of the second technical aspect, in the air conditioner of the first technical aspect, during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting based on the outdoor temperature and/or the previous time is required. When the above-mentioned outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the operation or the time required for the previous defrosting operation increases and the defrosting capacity of the above-mentioned outdoor heat exchanger is changed, the above-mentioned heating operation is performed at the same time, and the above-mentioned indoor temperature is reduced. The heating capacity of the heat exchanger.
当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转时，将室外热交换器的除霜能力的一部分用作室内热交换器的制热能力。此时，即使需要提高室外热交换器的除霜能力，在维持室内热交换器的制热能力时，也可能使室外热交换器的除霜能力不充分。When the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, part of the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger is used as the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchanger. In this case, even if it is necessary to increase the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger may be insufficient to maintain the heating capability of the indoor heat exchanger.
那么，在此，如上所述，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转的情况下，在要求进行增大室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，降低室内热交换器的制热能力。Then, here, as described above, when the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, and a change to increase the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger is required, Reduce the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchanger.
由此，在此，能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，尽量继续进行制热运转，并确保室外热交换器的除霜能力。Accordingly, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the thermal storage utilization operation, the heating operation can be continued as much as possible, and the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be ensured.
第三技术方案的空调装置在第二技术方案的空调装置的基础上，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转的情况下，基于室外温度和/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度或前次的除霜运转所需的时间，改变除霜运转间的间隔时间。The air conditioner of the third aspect is based on the air conditioner of the second aspect, when performing the heating operation simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation, based on the outdoor temperature and/or the previous The outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the defrosting operation or the time required for the previous defrosting operation changes the interval time between defrosting operations.
在室外温度较低的情况下、前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度较低的情况下、以及前次的除霜运转所需的时间较长的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转而良好地进行除霜运转。When the outdoor temperature is low, when the temperature of the outdoor heat exchange outlet at the end of the previous defrosting operation is low, and when the time required for the previous defrosting operation is long, it is desirable that The defrosting operation is performed frequently and the defrosting operation is performed well.
那么，在此，如上所述，基于室外温度和/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度或前次的除霜运转所需的时间，改变除霜运转间的间隔时间。例如，在室外温度较低的情况下、前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度较低的情况下、以及前次的除霜运转所需的时间较长的情况下，进行使除霜运转间的间隔时间缩短的变更。Then, here, as described above, the interval between defrosting operations is changed based on the outdoor temperature and/or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the previous defrosting operation, or the time required for the previous defrosting operation. For example, when the outdoor temperature is low, when the temperature of the outdoor heat exchange outlet at the end of the previous defrosting operation is low, and when the time required for the previous defrosting operation is long, use A change to shorten the interval between defrosting operations.
由此，在此，能够根据需要改变除霜运转的频度，能够良好地进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转。Accordingly, here, the frequency of the defrosting operation can be changed as necessary, and the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation can be performed satisfactorily.
第四技术方案的空调装置在第二技术方案或第三技术方案的空调装置的基础上，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在要求进行基于室外温度和/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度或前次的除霜运转所需的时间进一步增大室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，停止向室内热交换器内供给制冷剂，并进行室外热交换器的除霜。The air conditioner of the fourth technical aspect is based on the air conditioner of the second technical aspect or the third technical aspect, and in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, when it is required to perform defrosting based on the outdoor temperature and/or the previous time If the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the frost operation or the time required for the previous defrosting operation further increases the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger, the supply of refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger is stopped, and Perform defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger.
当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转的情况下，有时只通过降低室内热交换器的制热能力，可能会导致室外温度降低、或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度降低、或前次的除霜运转所需的时间变长，以不能实现室外热交换器的除霜能力。When the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, the outdoor temperature may drop or the previous defrosting operation may end only by reducing the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchanger. When the temperature at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger decreases, or the time required for the previous defrosting operation becomes longer, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger cannot be realized.
那么，在此，如上所述，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在要求进行进一步增大室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，停止向室内热交换器供给制冷剂，进行室外热交换器的除霜。Then, here, as described above, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, when a change is required to further increase the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger, the supply of cooling to the indoor heat exchanger is stopped. agent to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger.
由此，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在只通过降低室内热交换器的制热能力不能实现室外热交换器的除霜能力的情况下，不进行制热运转就能确保室外热交换器的除霜能力。Therefore, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, if the defrosting ability of the outdoor heat exchanger cannot be realized only by reducing the heating ability of the indoor heat exchanger, the heating operation is not performed. The defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be ensured.
第五技术方案的空调装置在第四技术方案的空调装置的基础上，在伴有上述蓄热利用运转的上述除霜运转中，在要求进行基于上述室外温度和/或前次的上述除霜运转结束时的上述室外热交换出口温度或前次的上述除霜运转所需的时间，进一步增大上述室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，进行连通管热回收运转和/或室内热交换器热回收运转，其中，上述连通管热回收运转是指对制冷剂管所保有的热量进行回收的运转，该制冷剂管将室内热交换器与压缩机之间连接，上述室内热交换器热回收运转是指通过使上述室内热交换器作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而对制冷剂获得的热量进行回收的运转。In the air conditioner according to the fifth aspect, in the air conditioner according to the fourth aspect, during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting based on the outdoor temperature and/or the previous time is required. When the above-mentioned outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature at the end of the operation or the time required for the previous defrosting operation further increases the defrosting capacity of the above-mentioned outdoor heat exchanger, the communication pipe heat recovery operation and/or The heat recovery operation of the indoor heat exchanger, wherein the heat recovery operation of the communication pipe refers to the operation of recovering the heat retained by the refrigerant pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor. The exchanger heat recovery operation refers to an operation in which the heat obtained by the refrigerant is recovered by causing the above-mentioned indoor heat exchanger to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant.
在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，有时只通过停止向室内热交换器供给制冷剂(即，停止进行制热运转)，可能会导致室外温度降低、或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度降低、或前次的除霜运转所需的时间变长，以不能实现室外热交换器的除霜能力。In the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, the outdoor temperature may drop or the previous defrosting operation may be terminated simply by stopping the refrigerant supply to the indoor heat exchanger (that is, stopping the heating operation). When the temperature at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger decreases, or the time required for the previous defrosting operation becomes longer, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger cannot be realized.
那么，在此，如上所述，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，要求进行进一步增大室外热交换器的除霜能力的变更的情况下，停止进行制热运转，并且进行连通管热回收运转及/或室内热交换器热回收运转。Then, here, as described above, when it is required to change the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the heating operation is stopped and the connection is made. Tube heat recovery operation and/or indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation.
由此，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，即使在只通过停止制热运转不能实现室外热交换器的除霜能力的情况下，也能确保室外热交换器的除霜能力。Therefore, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, even if the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger cannot be realized only by stopping the heating operation, the defrosting performance of the outdoor heat exchanger can be ensured. Frost ability.
第六技术方案的空调装置在第五技术方案的空调装置的基础上，该空调装置还设置有将空气供给至室内热交换器的室内风扇，室内热交换器热回收运转具有不使室内风扇运转的第一室内热交换器热回收运转和使室内风扇运转的第二室内热交换器热回收运转。The air conditioner of the sixth technical solution is based on the air conditioner of the fifth technical solution, and the air conditioner is further provided with an indoor fan for supplying air to the indoor heat exchanger, and the indoor heat exchanger has a function of not operating the indoor fan for heat recovery operation. The heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger and the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger operate the indoor fan.
在此，作为室内热交换器热回收运转，具有第一室内热交换器热回收运转和第二室内热交换器热回收运转，在上述第一室内热交换器热回收运转中，不使室内风扇运转，抑制对空气调节空间的影响，并从室内热交换器中回收热，在上述第二室内热交换器热回收运转中，虽然通过使室内风扇运转而增大了对空气调节空间的影响，但能回收比第一室内热交换器热回收运转多的热量。因此，在要求的室外热交换器的除霜能力的程度较小的情况下，能进行第一室内热交换器热回收运转，在要求的室外热交换器的除霜能力的程度较大的情况下，能进行第二室内热交换器热回收运转。Here, as the heat recovery operation of the indoor heat exchanger, there are a heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger and a heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger, and in the heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger, the indoor fan is not operated. operation to suppress the impact on the air-conditioned space and recover heat from the indoor heat exchanger. In the above-mentioned second indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation, although the impact on the air-conditioned space is increased by operating the indoor fan, However, more heat can be recovered than in the heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger. Therefore, when the required degree of defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger is small, the heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger can be performed, and when the required degree of defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger is large Next, the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger can be performed.
由此，在此，能够根据需要分开使用热回收的程度不同的两种室内热交换器热回收运转，确保室外热交换器的除霜能力。Accordingly, here, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger can be ensured by separately using two types of indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operations with different degrees of heat recovery as necessary.
第七技术方案的空调装置在第五技术方案或第六技术方案的空调装置的基础上，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在进行连通管热回收运转和/或室内热交换器热回收运转的情况下，每当蓄热运转结束时，都进行除霜运转。The air conditioner of the seventh technical solution is based on the air conditioner of the fifth technical solution or the sixth technical solution, in which the heat recovery operation of the communicating pipe and/or the indoor heat exchange are performed during the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation. In the case of heat recovery operation, the defrosting operation is performed every time the heat storage operation ends.
当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转，并在除霜运转之前进行的蓄热运转中，充分地向蓄热材料进行蓄热。When the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the heat storage operation during the defrosting operation, it is desirable to perform the defrosting operation frequently and to fully recharge the heat storage operation before the defrosting operation. thermal material for heat storage.
那么，在此，如上所述，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，每当蓄热运转结束时，都进行除霜运转。因此，能在除霜运转前的蓄热运转中可靠地向蓄热材料蓄热，并且通过省略蓄热运转后的制热运转，能缩短除霜运转间的间隔时间。Then, here, as described above, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting operation is performed every time the heat storage operation ends. Therefore, heat can be reliably stored in the heat storage material during the heat storage operation before the defrosting operation, and the interval time between the defrosting operations can be shortened by omitting the heating operation after the heat storage operation.
由此，在此，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，能够增多除霜运转的频度，并且利用充分蓄积的蓄热材料的热量，良好地进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转。Therefore, here, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the frequency of the defrosting operation can be increased, and the heat of the heat storage material that is sufficiently accumulated can be used to perform a good operation. Perform defrosting operation with thermal storage utilization operation.
第八技术方案的空调装置在第五技术方案～第七技术方案中任一技术方案的空调装置的基础上，该空调装置设置有热回收运转设定元件，该热回收运转设定元件用于设定如下事项，即，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，是容许还是禁止进行连通管热回收运转和/或室内热交换器热回收运转。The air conditioner of the eighth technical solution is based on the air conditioner of any one of the fifth technical solution to the seventh technical solution, the air conditioner is provided with a heat recovery operation setting element, and the heat recovery operation setting element is used for It is set whether to allow or prohibit the communication pipe heat recovery operation and/or the indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation.
在此，能够利用热回收运转设定元件设定在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中是同时进行还是禁止进行热回收运转。并且，例如能在寒冷地区，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中实施进行热回收运转的设定，能在温暖地区，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中实施不进行热回收运转的设定。Here, the heat recovery operation setting element can be used to set whether to simultaneously perform or prohibit the heat recovery operation during the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation. In addition, for example, in a cold region, a heat recovery operation can be performed during a defrosting operation accompanied by a heat storage utilization operation, and in a warm region, a heat recovery operation can be performed during a defrosting operation accompanied by a heat storage utilization operation. Setting of recovery operation.
由此，在此，能够依据设置空调装置的地区的气象条件等设定是否进行热回收运转。Accordingly, here, it is possible to set whether or not to perform the heat recovery operation according to the weather conditions in the area where the air conditioner is installed.
第九技术方案的空调装置在第八技术方案的空调装置的基础上，热回收运转设定元件能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中分别设定连通管热回收运转、第一室内热交换器热回收运转及第二室内热交换器热回收运转。In the air conditioner of the ninth technical solution, on the basis of the air conditioner of the eighth technical solution, the heat recovery operation setting element can respectively set the communication pipe heat recovery operation, the first indoor The heat recovery operation of the heat exchanger and the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger.
在此，也能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，利用热回收运转设定元件设定进行三种热回收运转中的哪一个。Here, when the heat recovery operation is simultaneously performed during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, it is possible to set which of the three types of heat recovery operation is to be performed using the heat recovery operation setting element.
由此，在此，也能依据设置空调装置的地区的气象条件等设定进行哪一个热回收运转。Accordingly, here also, it is possible to set which heat recovery operation is to be performed in accordance with weather conditions and the like in the area where the air conditioner is installed.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的一实施方式的空调装置的概略结构图。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2是蓄热热交换器的概略结构图。Fig. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a heat storage heat exchanger.
图3是空调装置的控制框图。Fig. 3 is a control block diagram of the air conditioner.
图4是表示制冷运转中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during cooling operation.
图5是表示制热运转中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during heating operation.
图6是表示蓄热运转(制热运转时的蓄热运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during heat storage operation (heat storage operation during heating operation).
图7是表示除霜运转(伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during a defrosting operation (defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation).
图8是用于改变室外热交换器的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的表。Fig. 8 is a table of defrosting operation modes for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger.
图9是用于改变室外热交换器的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的流程图。Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a defrosting operation mode for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger.
图10是用于改变变形例1的室外热交换器的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的表。10 is a table of defrosting operation modes for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger according to Modification 1. FIG.
图11是用于改变变形例2的室外热交换器的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的表。11 is a table of defrosting operation modes for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger according to Modification 2. FIG.
图12是用于改变变形例2的室外热交换器的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的流程图。12 is a flowchart of a defrosting operation mode for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger according to Modification 2. FIG.
图13是变形例2的空调装置的控制框图。FIG. 13 is a control block diagram of an air conditioner according to Modification 2. FIG.
图14是表示变形例2的模式4的除霜运转(伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。14 is a diagram showing the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in the defrosting operation (defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation) of Mode 4 in Modification 2. FIG.
图15是表示变形例2的模式5、6的除霜运转(伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。15 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit in the defrosting operation of modes 5 and 6 (defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation) in Modification 2. FIG.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下，基于附图对本发明的空调装置的实施方式进行说明。另外，本发明的空调装置的实施方式的具体的结构并不限定于下述的实施方式及其变形例，能在不脱离发明的主旨的范围内进行变更。Hereinafter, embodiments of the air conditioner of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In addition, the specific structure of embodiment of the air-conditioning apparatus of this invention is not limited to the following embodiment and its modification, It can change in the range which does not deviate from the summary of invention.
(1)空调装置的基本结构(1) Basic structure of the air conditioner
图1是本发明的一实施方式的空调装置1的概略结构图。空调装置1是通过进行蒸汽压缩式的制冷循环运转而被用于对大楼等的屋内进行空气调节的装置。主要通过将室外单元2与多台(在此为两台)室内单元4a、4b连接而构成空调装置1。在此，室外单元2和多台室内单元4a、4b经由液体制冷剂连通管6及气体制冷剂连通管7而连接在一起。即，通过使室外单元2和多台室内单元4a、4b经由制冷剂连通管6、7连接在一起，来构成空调装置1的蒸汽压缩式的制冷剂回路10。FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The air conditioner 1 is used to air-condition the interior of a building or the like by performing a vapor compression refrigeration cycle operation. The air conditioner 1 is constituted mainly by connecting the outdoor unit 2 to a plurality of (here, two) indoor units 4a, 4b. Here, the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4 a and 4 b are connected via a liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 and a gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 . That is, the vapor compression refrigerant circuit 10 of the air conditioner 1 is configured by connecting the outdoor unit 2 and the plurality of indoor units 4a, 4b via the refrigerant communication pipes 6, 7.
＜室内单元＞＜Indoor unit＞
室内单元4a、4b设置在室内。室内单元4a、4b经由制冷剂连通管6、7与室外单元2连接，并构成制冷剂回路10的一部分。The indoor units 4a, 4b are installed indoors. The indoor units 4 a and 4 b are connected to the outdoor unit 2 via refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 , and constitute a part of the refrigerant circuit 10 .
接下来，说明室内单元4a、4b的结构。另外，室内单元4b具有与室内单元4a同样的结构，因此在此只说明室内单元4a的结构，关于室内单元4b的结构，分别标注角标b来代替表示室内单元4a的各部分的角标a，省略对各部分的说明。Next, the configuration of the indoor units 4a, 4b will be described. In addition, since the indoor unit 4b has the same structure as the indoor unit 4a, only the structure of the indoor unit 4a will be described here. Regarding the structure of the indoor unit 4b, subscripts b are respectively attached instead of subscripts a indicating each part of the indoor unit 4a. , omitting the description of each part.
室内单元4a主要具有构成制冷剂回路10的一部分的室内侧制冷剂回路10a(在室内单元4b中是室内侧制冷剂回路10b)。室内侧制冷剂回路10a主要具有室内膨胀阀41a和室内热交换器42a。The indoor unit 4a mainly includes an indoor refrigerant circuit 10a (indoor unit 4b, an indoor refrigerant circuit 10b ) constituting a part of the refrigerant circuit 10 . The indoor side refrigerant circuit 10a mainly includes an indoor expansion valve 41a and an indoor heat exchanger 42a.
室内膨胀阀41a是使在室内侧制冷剂回路10a中流动的制冷剂减压、从而对在室内热交换器42a中流动的制冷剂的流量进行改变的阀。室内膨胀阀41a是与室内热交换器42a的液体侧连接的电动膨胀阀。The indoor expansion valve 41a is a valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing in the indoor refrigerant circuit 10a to change the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the indoor heat exchanger 42a. The indoor expansion valve 41a is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a.
室内热交换器42a例如由交叉翅片式的翅片管式热交换器构成。在室内热交换器42a附近设置有用于将室内空气输送到室内热交换器42a内的室内风扇43a。通过用室内风扇43a对室内热交换器42a输送室内空气，在室内热交换器42a内使制冷剂与室内空气之间进行热交换。利用室内风扇电动机44a驱动室内风扇43a旋转。由此，室内热交换器42a作为制冷剂的散热器以及制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能。The indoor heat exchanger 42a is constituted by, for example, a cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger. An indoor fan 43a for sending indoor air into the indoor heat exchanger 42a is provided near the indoor heat exchanger 42a. By sending the indoor air to the indoor heat exchanger 42a by the indoor fan 43a, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant and the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 42a. The indoor fan 43a is driven to rotate by the indoor fan motor 44a. Thus, the indoor heat exchanger 42a functions as a refrigerant radiator and a refrigerant evaporator.
另外，在室内单元4a内设置有各种的传感器。在室内热交换器42a的液体侧设置有对液体状态或气液两相状态的制冷剂的温度Trla进行检测的液体侧温度传感器45a。在室内热交换器42a的气体侧设置有对气体状态的制冷剂的温度Trga进行检测的气体侧温度传感器46a。在室内单元4a的室内空气的吸入口侧设置有室内温度传感器47a，该室内温度传感器47a对室内单元4a的空气调节对象空间的室内空气的温度(即，室内温度Tra)进行检测。另外，室内单元4a具有对构成室内单元4a的各部分的动作进行控制的室内侧控制部48a。并且，室内侧控制部48a具有为了对室内单元4a进行控制而设置的微型计算机及存储器等，能与用于单独地操作室内单元4a的远程控制器49a之间进行控制信号等的互换，并且能与室外单元2之间进行控制信号等的互换。另外，远程控制器49a是用户进行与空调运转相关的各种设定及运转/停止指令的设备。In addition, various sensors are installed in the indoor unit 4a. On the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a, a liquid-side temperature sensor 45a for detecting the temperature Trla of the refrigerant in a liquid state or a gas-liquid two-phase state is provided. On the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a, a gas side temperature sensor 46a for detecting the temperature Trga of the gaseous refrigerant is provided. An indoor temperature sensor 47a for detecting the temperature of the indoor air in the air-conditioned space of the indoor unit 4a (ie, indoor temperature Tra) is provided on the side of the indoor air suction port of the indoor unit 4a. In addition, the indoor unit 4a has an indoor side control unit 48a that controls the operation of each part constituting the indoor unit 4a. In addition, the indoor side control unit 48a has a microcomputer and a memory provided for controlling the indoor unit 4a, and can exchange control signals and the like with the remote controller 49a for individually operating the indoor unit 4a, and It is possible to exchange control signals and the like with the outdoor unit 2 . In addition, the remote controller 49a is a device for the user to perform various settings and operation/stop commands related to the operation of the air conditioner.
＜室外单元＞＜Outdoor unit＞
室外单元2设置在屋外。室外单元2经由制冷剂连通管6、7与室内单元4a、4b连接，并构成制冷剂回路10的一部分。The outdoor unit 2 is installed outdoors. The outdoor unit 2 is connected to the indoor units 4 a and 4 b via the refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 , and constitutes a part of the refrigerant circuit 10 .
接下来，说明室外单元2的结构。Next, the configuration of the outdoor unit 2 will be described.
室外单元2主要具有构成制冷剂回路10的一部分的室外侧制冷剂回路10c。该室外侧制冷剂回路10c主要具有压缩机21、第一切换机构22、室外热交换器23、室外膨胀阀24、第二切换机构27、蓄热热交换器28以及蓄热膨胀阀29。The outdoor unit 2 mainly includes an outdoor-side refrigerant circuit 10c constituting a part of the refrigerant circuit 10 . The outdoor-side refrigerant circuit 10c mainly includes a compressor 21 , a first switching mechanism 22 , an outdoor heat exchanger 23 , an outdoor expansion valve 24 , a second switching mechanism 27 , a heat storage heat exchanger 28 , and a heat storage expansion valve 29 .
压缩机21是在壳体内收容有未图示的压缩元件及驱动压缩元件旋转的压缩机电动机20的密闭型压缩机。通过未图示的逆变器装置对压缩机电动机20供给电力，压缩机电动机20通过使逆变器装置的频率(即，转速)变化，能改变运转容量。The compressor 21 is a hermetic compressor in which a not-shown compression element and a compressor motor 20 for rotating the compression element are accommodated in a casing. Electric power is supplied to the compressor motor 20 by an inverter device (not shown), and the operating capacity of the compressor motor 20 can be changed by changing the frequency (that is, the rotational speed) of the inverter device.
第一切换机构22是用于切换制冷剂的流动方向的四通切换阀。在使室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的情况下，第一切换机构22进行将压缩机21的排出侧与室外热交换器23的气体侧连接、并将蓄热热交换器28的气体侧与压缩机21的吸入侧连接的切换(室外散热切换状态，参照图1的第一切换机构22的实线)。在此，在使第一切换机构22切换成室外散热切换状态时，能使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能。另外，在使室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的情况下，第一切换机构22进行将压缩机21的吸入侧与室外热交换器23的气体侧连接、并将蓄热热交换器28的气体侧与压缩机21的排出侧连接的切换(室外蒸发切换状态，参照图1的第一切换机构22的虚线)。在此，在使第二切换机构22切换成室外蒸发切换状态时，能使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能。另外，第一切换机构22也可以不是四通切换阀，而是构成为将三通阀及电磁阀等组合以起到相同的功能的构件。The first switching mechanism 22 is a four-way switching valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant. When making the outdoor heat exchanger 23 function as a refrigerant radiator, the first switching mechanism 22 connects the discharge side of the compressor 21 to the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and connects the heat storage heat exchanger The gas side of 28 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 21 (outdoor cooling switching state, refer to the solid line of the first switching mechanism 22 in FIG. 1 ). Here, when the first switching mechanism 22 is switched to the outdoor heat radiation switching state, the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 can be made to function as an evaporator of the refrigerant. In addition, when making the outdoor heat exchanger 23 function as a refrigerant evaporator, the first switching mechanism 22 connects the suction side of the compressor 21 to the gas side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and transfers the stored heat Switching of connection between the gas side of the exchanger 28 and the discharge side of the compressor 21 (outdoor evaporation switching state, refer to the dotted line of the first switching mechanism 22 in FIG. 1 ). Here, when the second switching mechanism 22 is switched to the outdoor evaporation switching state, the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 can be made to function as a refrigerant radiator. In addition, instead of the four-way switching valve, the first switching mechanism 22 may be configured as a combination of a three-way valve, a solenoid valve, and the like so as to perform the same function.
室外热交换器23例如由交叉翅片式的翅片管式热交换器构成。在室外热交换器23的附近设置有用于将室外空气输送到室外热交换器23内的室外风扇25。通过用室外风扇25对室外热交换器23输送室外空气，在室外热交换器23内使制冷剂与室外空气之间进行热交换。利用室外风扇电动机26驱动室外风扇25旋转。由此，室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的散热器以及制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能。The outdoor heat exchanger 23 is constituted by, for example, a cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger. An outdoor fan 25 for sending outdoor air into the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided near the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . By sending outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 by the outdoor fan 25 , heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant and the outdoor air in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . The outdoor fan 25 is driven to rotate by the outdoor fan motor 26 . Thus, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant radiator and a refrigerant evaporator.
室外膨胀阀24是使室外侧制冷剂回路10c中的在室外热交换器23内流动的制冷剂减压、从而对在室外热交换器23内流动的制冷剂的流量进行改变的阀。室外膨胀阀24是与室外热交换器23的液体侧连接的电动膨胀阀。The outdoor expansion valve 24 is a valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 in the outdoor side refrigerant circuit 10c to change the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . The outdoor expansion valve 24 is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 .
第二切换机构27是用于切换制冷剂的流动方向的四通切换阀。在使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的情况下，第二切换机构27进行将压缩机21的吸入侧与气体制冷剂连通管7连接的切换(室内蒸发切换状态，参照图1的第二切换机构27的实线)。另外，在使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的情况下，第二切换机构27进行将压缩机21的排出侧与气体制冷剂连通管7连接的切换(室内散热切换状态，参照图1的第二切换机构27的虚线)。在此，第二切换机构27的四个端口中的一个(图1的靠纸面右侧的端口)与经由毛细管271始终和压缩机21的吸入侧连接的端口(图1的靠纸面上侧的端口)连接，从而实际上成为不被使用的端口。另外，第二切换机构27也可以不是四通切换阀，而是构成为将三通阀及电磁阀等组合以起到相同的功能的构件。The second switching mechanism 27 is a four-way switching valve for switching the flow direction of the refrigerant. When making the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b function as refrigerant evaporators, the second switching mechanism 27 switches to connect the suction side of the compressor 21 to the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 (indoor evaporation switching state, Refer to the solid line of the second switching mechanism 27 of FIG. 1). In addition, when the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b are made to function as radiators for the refrigerant, the second switching mechanism 27 switches to connect the discharge side of the compressor 21 to the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 (indoor heat radiation switching). state, refer to the dotted line of the second switching mechanism 27 in FIG. 1). Here, one of the four ports of the second switching mechanism 27 (the port on the right side of the paper in FIG. 1 ) is connected to the port (the port on the paper side of FIG. 1 ) that is always connected to the suction side of the compressor 21 via the capillary 271 . port on the side) is connected, thus effectively becoming an unused port. In addition, instead of the four-way switching valve, the second switching mechanism 27 may be configured as a combination of a three-way valve, a solenoid valve, and the like so as to perform the same function.
蓄热热交换器28是使制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的热交换器，在通过作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而进行向蓄热材料的蓄热，并通过作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热(蓄热利用)时，使用该蓄热热交换器28。蓄热热交换器28主要具有积存有蓄热材料的蓄热槽281和被配置成浸渍于蓄热材料的传热管组282。在此，如图2所示，蓄热槽281是大致长方体形状的箱体，在内部积存有蓄热材料。作为蓄热材料，在此使用通过相变进行蓄热的物质。详细而言，使用具有30℃～40℃左右的相变化温度的聚乙二醇、硫酸钠水合物和石蜡等，以在将蓄热热交换器28用作制冷剂的散热器时进行相变(融解)而蓄热，并在将蓄热热交换器28用作制冷剂的蒸发器时进行相变(凝固)而利用蓄热。如图2所示，传热管组282具有通过设置在制冷剂的出入口处的集管283及分流器284与多个传热管285分支地连接的结构。在此，多个传热管285分别具有沿上下方向折回的形状，通过使上述多个传热管285的两端与集管283及分流器284连接来构成导热管组282。并且，蓄热热交换器28的气体侧(即，传热管组282的一端)与第一切换机构22连接，蓄热热交换器28的液体侧(即，传热管组282的另一端)经由蓄热膨胀阀29与制冷剂回路10(在此是室外侧制冷剂回路10c)的室外膨胀阀24与液体制冷剂连通管6之间的部分连接。在此，图2是蓄热热交换器28的概略结构图。The heat-storage heat exchanger 28 is a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the heat-storage material, and stores heat to the heat-storage material by functioning as a radiator for the refrigerant, The heat storage heat exchanger 28 is used when the evaporator functions to dissipate heat from the heat storage material (heat storage utilization). The heat storage heat exchanger 28 mainly includes a heat storage tank 281 in which a heat storage material is stored, and a heat transfer tube group 282 arranged to be immersed in the heat storage material. Here, as shown in FIG. 2 , the heat storage tank 281 is a box having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and stores a heat storage material therein. As the heat storage material, a substance that stores heat by phase transition is used here. Specifically, polyethylene glycol, sodium sulfate hydrate, paraffin, etc. having a phase change temperature of about 30° C. to 40° C. are used so that the phase change occurs when the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is used as a radiator of the refrigerant. (melting) to store heat, and when the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is used as an evaporator of the refrigerant, phase change (solidification) is performed to utilize the heat storage. As shown in FIG. 2 , the heat transfer tube group 282 has a structure in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes 285 are branched and connected via a header 283 and a flow divider 284 provided at the inlet and outlet of the refrigerant. Here, the plurality of heat transfer tubes 285 each have a shape folded in the vertical direction, and the heat transfer tube group 282 is formed by connecting both ends of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 285 to the header 283 and the divider 284 . And, the gas side of the heat storage heat exchanger 28 (that is, one end of the heat transfer tube group 282) is connected to the first switching mechanism 22, and the liquid side of the heat storage heat exchanger 28 (that is, the other end of the heat transfer tube group 282 ) is connected to the portion between the outdoor expansion valve 24 and the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 of the refrigerant circuit 10 (here, the outdoor side refrigerant circuit 10 c ) via the thermal storage expansion valve 29 . Here, FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 .
蓄热膨胀阀29是使室外侧制冷剂回路10c中的在蓄热热交换器28内流动的制冷剂减压、从而对在蓄热热交换器28内流动的制冷剂的流量进行改变的阀。蓄热膨胀阀29是与蓄热热交换器28的液体侧连接的电动膨胀阀。The heat storage expansion valve 29 is a valve for changing the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing in the heat storage heat exchanger 28 by reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing in the heat storage heat exchanger 28 in the outdoor side refrigerant circuit 10c. The thermal storage expansion valve 29 is an electric expansion valve connected to the liquid side of the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 .
另外，在室外单元2内设置有各种的传感器。在室外单元2内设置有对压缩机21的吸入压力Ps进行检测的吸入压力传感器31、对压缩机21的排出压力Pd进行检测的排出压力传感器32、对压缩机21的吸入温度Ts进行检测的吸入温度传感器33、以及对压缩机21的排出温度Td进行检测的排出温度传感器34。在室外热交换器23设置有对气液两相状态的制冷剂的温度Tol1进行检测的室外热交换温度传感器35。在室外热交换器23的液体侧设置有对液体状态或气液两相状态的制冷剂的温度Tol2进行检测的液体侧温度传感器36。在室外单元2的室外空气的吸入口侧设置有室外温度传感器37，该室外温度传感器37对供室外单元2(即，室外热交换器23及蓄热热交换器28)配置的外部空间的室外空气的温度(即，室外温度Ta)进行检测。另外，室外单元2具有对构成室外单元2的各部分的动作进行控制的室外侧控制部38。并且，室外侧控制部38具有对为了控制室外单元2而设置的微型计算机、存储器及压缩机电动机25进行控制的逆变器装置等，能与室内单元4a、4b的室内侧控制部48a、48b之间进行控制信号等的互换。In addition, various sensors are installed in the outdoor unit 2 . The outdoor unit 2 is provided with a suction pressure sensor 31 for detecting the suction pressure Ps of the compressor 21, a discharge pressure sensor 32 for detecting the discharge pressure Pd of the compressor 21, and a sensor for detecting the suction temperature Ts of the compressor 21. A suction temperature sensor 33 and a discharge temperature sensor 34 that detects a discharge temperature Td of the compressor 21 . The outdoor heat exchanger 23 is provided with an outdoor heat exchange temperature sensor 35 that detects the temperature Tol1 of the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state. On the liquid side of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, a liquid-side temperature sensor 36 for detecting the temperature Tol2 of the refrigerant in a liquid state or a gas-liquid two-phase state is provided. An outdoor temperature sensor 37 is provided on the side of the outdoor air suction port of the outdoor unit 2. The temperature of the air (that is, the outdoor temperature Ta) is detected. In addition, the outdoor unit 2 has an outdoor side control unit 38 that controls the operation of each part that constitutes the outdoor unit 2 . In addition, the outdoor side control unit 38 has a microcomputer, a memory, and an inverter device for controlling the compressor motor 25 provided for controlling the outdoor unit 2, and can communicate with the indoor side control units 48a, 48b of the indoor units 4a, 4b. Interchange of control signals, etc.
＜制冷剂连通管＞＜Refrigerant connecting pipe＞
制冷剂连通管6、7是在设置空调装置1时在现场被施工的制冷剂管，依据室外单元2及室内单元4a、4b的设置条件使用具有各种的长度及管径的制冷剂连通管。The refrigerant communication pipes 6 and 7 are refrigerant pipes constructed on site when the air conditioner 1 is installed, and refrigerant communication pipes having various lengths and pipe diameters are used depending on the installation conditions of the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor units 4a and 4b. .
＜控制部＞＜Control Department＞
如图1所示，用于单独操作室内单元4a、4b的远程控制器49a、49b、室内单元4a、4b的室内侧控制部48a、48b以及室外单元2的室外侧控制部38构成对空调装置1整体进行运转控制的控制部8。如图3所示，控制部8以能接收各种传感器31～37、45a、45b、46a、46b、47a、47b等的检测信号的方式与各种传感器31～37、45a、45b、46a、46b、47a、47b连接。并且，控制部8构成为通过基于上述各种传感器的检测信号等对各种设备及阀20、22、24、26、41a、41b、44a、44b进行控制，能够进行空调运转(制冷运转及制热运转)。在此，图3是空调装置1的控制框图。As shown in Figure 1 , the remote controllers 49a, 49b for individually operating the indoor units 4a, 4b, the indoor side control parts 48a, 48b of the indoor units 4a, 4b, and the outdoor side control part 38 of the outdoor unit 2 constitute an air conditioner. 1. A control unit 8 for overall operation control. As shown in FIG. 3, the control part 8 communicates with various sensors 31-37, 45a, 45b, 46a, 46b, 47a, 47b are connected. In addition, the control unit 8 is configured to perform air-conditioning operation (cooling operation and cooling operation) by controlling various devices and valves 20, 22, 24, 26, 41a, 41b, 44a, and 44b based on detection signals from the above-mentioned various sensors. running hot). Here, FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of the air conditioner 1 .
如上所述，空调装置1具有通过使多台(在此为两台)室内单元4a、4b与室外单元2连接而构成的制冷剂回路10。并且，在空调装置1中，利用控制部8进行以下这样的运转控制。As described above, the air conditioner 1 has the refrigerant circuit 10 configured by connecting a plurality of (here, two) indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 . In addition, in the air conditioner 1 , the following operation control is performed by the control unit 8 .
(2)空调装置的基本动作(2) Basic operation of the air conditioner
接下来，使用图4至图7对空调装置1的制冷运转、制热运转、蓄热运转及除霜运转的基本动作进行说明。在此，图4是表示制冷运转中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。图5是表示制热运转中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。图6是表示蓄热运转(制热运转时的蓄热运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。图7是表示除霜运转(伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)中的制冷剂回路内的制冷剂的流动的图。Next, basic operations of the cooling operation, heating operation, heat storage operation, and defrosting operation of the air conditioner 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7 . Here, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during cooling operation. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during heating operation. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during heat storage operation (heat storage operation during heating operation). Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the flow of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit during a defrosting operation (defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation).
＜制冷运转＞＜Cooling operation＞
当从远程控制器49a、49b发出制冷运转的指令时，使第一切换机构22切换成室外散热切换状态(图4的第一切换机构22的用实线表示的状态)，以及使第二切换机构27切换成室内蒸发切换状态(图4的第二切换机构27的用实线表示的状态)，并且使蓄热膨胀阀29处于封闭的状态(即，不使用蓄热热交换器28的状态)，使压缩机21、室外风扇25及室内风扇43a、43b起动。When the remote controller 49a, 49b issues a cooling operation instruction, the first switching mechanism 22 is switched to the outdoor cooling switching state (the state shown by the solid line of the first switching mechanism 22 in FIG. 4 ), and the second switching mechanism The mechanism 27 is switched to the indoor evaporation switching state (the state indicated by the solid line of the second switching mechanism 27 in FIG. 4 ), and the heat storage expansion valve 29 is in a closed state (that is, the state of not using the heat storage heat exchanger 28) , the compressor 21, the outdoor fan 25, and the indoor fans 43a and 43b are started.
这样，制冷剂回路10内的低压的气体制冷剂被吸入到压缩机21中并被压缩而成为高压的气体制冷剂。该高压的气体制冷剂经由第一切换机构22被输送到室外热交换器23内。被输送到室外热交换器23内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室外热交换器23内，与由室外风扇25供给来的室外空气进行热交换而被冷却，从而冷凝，成为高压的液体制冷剂。该高压的液体制冷剂经由室外膨胀阀24及液体制冷剂连通管6从室外单元2被输送到室内单元4a、4b内。In this way, the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant. The high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent into the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the first switching mechanism 22 . The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is cooled by exchanging heat with the outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 25 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as a refrigerant radiator, thereby Condensation becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4 a and 4 b through the outdoor expansion valve 24 and the liquid refrigerant communication pipe 6 .
被输送到室内单元4a、4b内的高压的液体制冷剂由室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压而成为低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂。该低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂被输送到室内热交换器42a、42b内。被输送到室内热交换器42a、42b内的低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂在作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b内，与由室内风扇43a、43b供给来的室内空气进行热交换而被加热，从而蒸发，成为低压的气体制冷剂。该低压的气体制冷剂经由气体制冷剂连通管7从室内单元4a、4b被输送到室外单元2内。The high-pressure liquid refrigerant sent into the indoor units 4a, 4b is decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b. The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b is supplied by the indoor fans 43a, 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b functioning as refrigerant evaporators. The indoor air is heated by heat exchange, evaporates, and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant. The low-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 .
被输送到室外单元2内的低压的气体制冷剂经由第二切换机构27再次被压缩机21吸入。The low-pressure gas refrigerant sent into the outdoor unit 2 is sucked into the compressor 21 again via the second switching mechanism 27 .
＜制热运转＞＜Heating operation＞
当从远程控制器49a、49b发出制热运转的指令时，使第一切换机构22切换成室外蒸发切换状态(图5的第一切换机构22的用虚线表示的状态)，以及使第二切换机构27切换成室内散热切换状态(图5的第二切换机构27的用虚线表示的状态)，并且使蓄热膨胀阀29处于封闭的状态(即，不使用蓄热热交换器28的状态)，使压缩机21、室外风扇25及室内风扇43a、43b起动。When a heating operation command is issued from the remote controllers 49a, 49b, the first switching mechanism 22 is switched to the outdoor evaporation switching state (the state indicated by the dotted line of the first switching mechanism 22 in FIG. The mechanism 27 is switched to the indoor heat radiation switching state (the state indicated by the dotted line of the second switching mechanism 27 in FIG. 5 ), and the heat storage expansion valve 29 is in a closed state (that is, the state of not using the heat storage heat exchanger 28), The compressor 21, the outdoor fan 25, and the indoor fans 43a and 43b are started.
这样，制冷剂回路10内的低压的气体制冷剂被吸入到压缩机21内并被压缩而成为高压的气体制冷剂。该高压的气体制冷剂经由第二切换机构27及气体制冷剂连通管7从室外单元2被输送到室内单元4a、4b内。In this way, the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant. The high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4 a and 4 b through the second switching mechanism 27 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 .
被输送到室内单元4a、4b内的高压的气体制冷剂被输送到室内热交换器42a、42b内。被输送到室内热交换器42a、42b内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b内，与由室内风扇43a、43b供给来的室内空气进行热交换而被冷却，从而冷凝，成为高压的液体制冷剂。该高压的液体制冷剂被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压。被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压了的制冷剂经由气体制冷剂连通管7从室内单元4a、4b被输送到室外单元2内。The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent into the indoor units 4a, 4b is sent into the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b. The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b heats up with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a, 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b functioning as radiators for the refrigerant. Exchanged and cooled, condensed to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b. The refrigerant decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41 a and 41 b is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 .
被输送到室外单元2内的制冷剂被输送到室外膨胀阀24内，由室外膨胀阀24减压而成为低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂。该低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂被输送到室外热交换器23内。被输送到室外热交换器23内的低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂在作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的室外热交换器23内，与由室外风扇25供给来的室外空气进行热交换而被加热，从而蒸发，成为低压的气体制冷剂。该低压的气体制冷剂经由第一切换机构22再次被压缩机21吸入。The refrigerant sent into the outdoor unit 2 is sent to the outdoor expansion valve 24 and decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 24 to become a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. This low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with the outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 25 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as an evaporator of the refrigerant. And be heated, thereby evaporate, become the gas refrigerant of low pressure. The low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 21 again via the first switching mechanism 22 .
＜蓄热运转(制热运转时的蓄热运转)＞<Heat storage operation (heat storage operation during heating operation)>
在制热运转时，进行蓄热运转，该蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转。即，在进行使室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能，并使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的制热运转时，进行蓄热运转(制热运转时的蓄热运转)，该蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转。通过在使切换机构22、27切换成与制热运转相同的切换状态的基础上打开蓄热膨胀阀29，来进行该制热运转时的蓄热运转(参照图6)。During the heating operation, heat storage operation is performed. The heat storage operation refers to an operation in which heat is stored in the heat storage material by causing the heat storage heat exchanger 28 to function as a radiator for the refrigerant. That is, when performing a heating operation in which the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as an evaporator for the refrigerant and the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b function as a radiator for the refrigerant, the heat storage operation (heating operation) is performed. The heat storage operation when the heat storage operation is performed) refers to an operation in which heat is stored in the heat storage material by causing the heat storage heat exchanger 28 to function as a radiator for the refrigerant. Heat storage operation during the heating operation is performed by switching the switching mechanisms 22 and 27 to the same switching state as the heating operation and opening the heat storage expansion valve 29 (see FIG. 6 ).
这样，制冷剂回路10内的低压的气体制冷剂被吸入到压缩机21内并被压缩而成为高压的气体制冷剂。与制热运转时相同，该高压的气体制冷剂的一部分经由第二切换机构27及气体制冷剂连通管7从室外单元2被输送到室内单元4a、4b内。该被输送到室内单元4a、4b内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b内，与由室内风扇43a、43b供给来的室内空气进行热交换而被冷却，从而冷凝，成为高压的液体制冷剂。该高压的液体制冷剂被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压。被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压了的制冷剂经由气体制冷剂连通管7从室内单元4a、4b被输送到室外单元2内。In this way, the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant. As in the heating operation, part of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4a, 4b through the second switching mechanism 27 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 . The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a, 4b exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a, 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b that function as radiators for the refrigerant. And is cooled, thereby condenses, becomes the liquid refrigerant of high pressure. This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b. The refrigerant decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41 a and 41 b is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 .
另外，从压缩机21排出的高压的气体制冷剂的其余部分经由第一切换机构22被输送到蓄热热交换器28内。被输送到蓄热热交换器28内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的蓄热热交换器28内，与蓄热材料进行热交换而被冷却，从而冷凝，成为高压的液体制冷剂。该高压的液体制冷剂被蓄热膨胀阀29减压。在此，蓄热热交换器28的蓄热材料通过与制冷剂的热交换而被加热，从而发生相变(融解)，进行蓄热。In addition, the remainder of the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 is sent to the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 via the first switching mechanism 22 . The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 is cooled by exchanging heat with the thermal storage material in the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 functioning as a radiator of the refrigerant, and condensed to become a high pressure. liquid refrigerant. This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the thermal storage expansion valve 29 . Here, the heat storage material of the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant, undergoes a phase change (melts), and stores heat.
被蓄热膨胀阀29减压了的制冷剂与从室内单元4a、4b输送到室外单元2内的制冷剂合流而被输送到室外膨胀阀24内，并被室外膨胀阀24减压而成为低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂。该低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂被输送到室外热交换器23内。被输送到室外热交换器23内的低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂在作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的室外热交换器23内，与由室外风扇25供给来的室外空气进行热交换而被加热，从而蒸发，成为低压的气体制冷剂。该低压的气体制冷剂经由第一切换机构22再次被压缩机21吸入。这样，在制热运转时的蓄热运转中，蓄热热交换器28作为与室内热交换器42a、42b并联的制冷剂的散热器发挥功能。即，制冷剂回路10构成为在制热运转时的蓄热运转中，能将从压缩机21排出的高压的气体制冷剂并联地输送到室内热交换器42a、42b及蓄热热交换器28中。The refrigerant decompressed by the heat storage expansion valve 29 joins the refrigerant sent from the indoor units 4a and 4b to the outdoor unit 2 and is sent to the outdoor expansion valve 24, and is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 24 to become a low-pressure one. A refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state. This low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 exchanges heat with the outdoor air supplied by the outdoor fan 25 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as an evaporator of the refrigerant. And be heated, thereby evaporate, become the gas refrigerant of low pressure. The low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 21 again via the first switching mechanism 22 . In this way, in the heat storage operation during the heating operation, the heat storage heat exchanger 28 functions as a radiator for the refrigerant connected in parallel to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b. That is, the refrigerant circuit 10 is configured to be able to send the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b and the heat storage heat exchanger 28 in parallel during the heat storage operation during the heating operation. middle.
＜除霜运转(伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)＞<Defrosting operation (defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation)>
在制热运转时，进行通过使室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而进行室外热交换器的除霜的除霜运转。并且，在除霜运转时，进行蓄热利用运转，该蓄热利用运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热的运转。即，进行使室外热交换器23作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能，并使蓄热热交换器28作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的蓄热利用运转(除霜运转时的蓄热利用运转以及伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)。而且，在此，通过使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能，也同时进行制热运转。即，在此，在除霜运转时，同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转(或在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转)。在将第一切换机构22切换成室外散热切换状态，并将第二切换机构27切换成室内散热切换状态的基础上，打开蓄热膨胀阀29，从而进行该除霜运转时的蓄热利用运转(或伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转)(参照图7)。另外，在除霜运转时，使室外风扇25停止。During the heating operation, a defrosting operation is performed in which the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted by making the outdoor heat exchanger 23 function as a refrigerant radiator. In addition, during the defrosting operation, heat storage utilization operation is performed in which heat is released from the heat storage material by making the heat storage heat exchanger 28 function as an evaporator for the refrigerant. That is, heat storage utilization operation is performed in which the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a refrigerant radiator and the heat storage heat exchanger 28 functions as a refrigerant evaporator (heat storage utilization operation during defrosting operation and Defrost operation with thermal storage utilization operation). In addition, here, by causing the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b to function as radiators for the refrigerant, the heating operation is simultaneously performed. That is, here, during the defrosting operation, the heat storage utilization operation and the heating operation are simultaneously performed (or the heating operation is simultaneously performed during the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation). On the basis of switching the first switching mechanism 22 to the outdoor heat dissipation switching state and switching the second switching mechanism 27 to the indoor heat dissipation switching state, the heat storage expansion valve 29 is opened to perform the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation ( or defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation) (refer to FIG. 7 ). In addition, during the defrosting operation, the outdoor fan 25 is stopped.
这样，制冷剂回路10内的低压的气体制冷剂被吸入到压缩机21内并压缩而成为高压的气体制冷剂。与制热运转时相同，该高压的气体制冷剂的一部分经由第二切换机构27及气体制冷剂连通管7从室外单元2被输送到室内单元4a、4b内。该被输送到室内单元4a、4b内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b内，与由室内风扇43a、43b供给来的室内空气进行热交换而被冷却，从而冷凝，成为高压的液体制冷剂。该高压的液体制冷剂被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压。被室内膨胀阀41a、41b减压了的制冷剂经由气体制冷剂连通管7从室内单元4a、4b被输送到室外单元2内。In this way, the low-pressure gas refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 10 is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant. As in the heating operation, part of the high-pressure gas refrigerant is sent from the outdoor unit 2 to the indoor units 4a, 4b through the second switching mechanism 27 and the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 . The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the indoor units 4a, 4b exchanges heat with the indoor air supplied by the indoor fans 43a, 43b in the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b that function as radiators for the refrigerant. And is cooled, thereby condenses, becomes the liquid refrigerant of high pressure. This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b. The refrigerant decompressed by the indoor expansion valves 41 a and 41 b is sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 via the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7 .
另外，从压缩机21排出的高压的气体制冷剂的其余部分经由第一切换机构22被输送到室外热交换器23内。被输送到室外热交换器23内的高压的气体制冷剂在作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室外热交换器23内，与附着于室外热交换器23的霜及冰进行热交换而被冷却。该高压的制冷剂被室外膨胀阀24减压。在此，附着于室外热交换器23的霜及冰通过与制冷剂的热交换而被加热，从而融解，对室外热交换器23进行除霜。In addition, the remainder of the high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 via the first switching mechanism 22 . The high-pressure gas refrigerant sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is cooled by heat exchange with frost and ice adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 in the outdoor heat exchanger 23 functioning as a radiator of the refrigerant. . This high-pressure refrigerant is depressurized by the outdoor expansion valve 24 . Here, frost and ice adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 are heated and melted by heat exchange with the refrigerant, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted.
被室外膨胀阀24减压了的高压的制冷剂与从室内单元4a、4b输送到室外单元2内的制冷剂合流并被输送到蓄热膨胀阀29内，被蓄热膨胀阀29减压而成为低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂。该低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂被输送到蓄热热交换器28内。被输送到蓄热热交换器28内的低压的气液两相状态的制冷剂在作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的蓄热热交换器28内，与蓄热材料进行热交换而被加热，从而蒸发，成为低压的气体制冷剂。该低压的气体制冷剂经由第一切换机构22再次被压缩机21吸入。在此，蓄热热交换器28的蓄热材料通过与制冷剂的热交换而被冷却，从而发生相变(凝固)而利用蓄热。这样，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转(或除霜运转时的蓄热利用运转)中同时进行制热运转的情况下，室内热交换器42a、42b作为与室外热交换器23并联的制冷剂的散热器发挥功能。即，制冷剂回路10构成为：当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转(或除霜运转时的蓄热利用运转)中同时进行制热运转的情况下，制冷剂回路10能将从压缩机21排出的高压的气体制冷剂并联地输送到室外热交换器23及室内热交换器42a、42b中。The high-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 24 joins the refrigerant sent from the indoor units 4 a and 4 b to the outdoor unit 2 and is sent to the thermal storage expansion valve 29 , where it is decompressed by the thermal storage expansion valve 29 to become a low pressure. Refrigerants in the gas-liquid two-phase state. The low-pressure refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state is sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 28 . The low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant sent to the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is heated by exchanging heat with the heat storage material in the heat storage heat exchanger 28 functioning as an evaporator of the refrigerant. This evaporates and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant. The low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 21 again via the first switching mechanism 22 . Here, the heat storage material of the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant, undergoes a phase change (solidification), and utilizes heat storage. In this way, when the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation (or the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation), the indoor heat exchangers 42 a and 42 b act as a unit with the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . The radiator of the refrigerant connected in parallel functions. That is, the refrigerant circuit 10 is configured so that when the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation (or the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation), the refrigerant circuit 10 can transfer the energy from the The high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 21 is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 23 and the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b in parallel.
＜制冷运转、制热运转及蓄热运转的控制＞<Control of cooling operation, heating operation and heat storage operation>
-制冷运转时--During cooling operation-
在上述的制冷运转中，为了使各室内热交换器42a、42b的出口处的制冷剂的过热度SHra、SHrb达到目标过热度SHras、SHrbs，控制部8确定各室内膨胀阀41a、41b的开度并进行控制(以下将该控制称为“由室内膨胀阀进行的过热度控制”)。在此，根据由吸入压力传感器31检测到的吸入压力Ps以及由气体侧温度传感器46a、46b检测到的室内热交换器42a的气体侧的制冷剂的温度Trga、Trgb，算出过热度SHra、SHrb。更详细而言，首先，将吸入压力Ps换算成制冷剂的饱和温度，获得与制冷剂回路10中的蒸发压力Pe等价的状态量、即蒸发温度Te(即，蒸发压力Pe和蒸发温度Te虽然用语本身不同，但实际指相同的状态量)。在此，蒸发压力Pe是指在制冷运转时、代表在从室内膨胀阀41a、41b的出口经由室内热交换器42a、42b到达压缩机21的吸入侧为止的范围内流动的低压的制冷剂的压力。并且，通过从各室内热交换器42a、42b的气体侧的制冷剂的温度Trga、Trgb中减去蒸发温度Te，获得过热度SHra、SHrb。In the cooling operation described above, the controller 8 determines the opening and closing of the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b so that the superheat degrees SHra and SHrb of the refrigerant at the outlets of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b reach the target superheat degrees SHras and SHrbs. degree and control (hereinafter this control is referred to as "superheat degree control by the indoor expansion valve"). Here, the degrees of superheat SHra, SHrb are calculated from the suction pressure Ps detected by the suction pressure sensor 31 and the temperatures Trga, Trgb of the refrigerant on the gas side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a detected by the gas side temperature sensors 46a, 46b. . More specifically, first, the suction pressure Ps is converted into the saturation temperature of the refrigerant to obtain a state quantity equivalent to the evaporation pressure Pe in the refrigerant circuit 10, that is, the evaporation temperature Te (that is, the evaporation pressure Pe and the evaporation temperature Te Although the terms themselves are different, they actually refer to the same state quantity). Here, the evaporation pressure Pe refers to a low-pressure refrigerant flowing from the outlets of the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b to the suction side of the compressor 21 via the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b during cooling operation. pressure. Then, the degrees of superheat SHra, SHrb are obtained by subtracting the evaporation temperature Te from the temperatures Trga, Trgb of the refrigerant on the gas side of the respective indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b.
另外，在制冷运转中，利用控制部8的室内侧控制部48a、48b来对包括室内膨胀阀41a、41b在内的室内单元4a、4b的各设备进行控制。另外，利用控制部8的室外侧控制部38来对包括室外膨胀阀24在内的室外单元2的各设备进行控制。In addition, in the cooling operation, each device of the indoor units 4a, 4b including the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b is controlled by the indoor side control units 48a, 48b of the control unit 8 . In addition, each device of the outdoor unit 2 including the outdoor expansion valve 24 is controlled by the outdoor side control unit 38 of the control unit 8 .
-制热运转时--During heating operation-
在上述的制热运转中，为了使各室内热交换器42a、42b的出口处的制冷剂的过冷却度SCra、SCrb达到目标过冷却度SCras、SCrbs，控制部8确定各室内膨胀阀41a、41b的开度并进行控制(以下将该控制称为“由室内膨胀阀进行的过冷却度控制”)。在此，根据由排出压力传感器32检测到的排出压力Pd以及由液体侧温度传感器45a、45b检测到的室内热交换器42a的液体侧的制冷剂的温度Trla、Trlb，来算出过冷却度SCra、SCrb。更详细而言，首先，将排出压力Pd换算成制冷剂的饱和温度，获得与制冷剂回路10中的冷凝压力Pc等价的状态量、即冷凝温度Tc(即，冷凝压力Pc和冷凝温度Tc虽然用语本身不同，但实际指相同的状态量)。在此，冷凝压力Pc是指在制热运转时、代表在从压缩机21的排出侧经由室内热交换器42a、42b到达室内膨胀阀41a、41b为止的范围内流动的高压的制冷剂的压力。并且，通过从冷凝温度Tc中减去各室内热交换器42a、42b的液体侧的制冷剂的温度Trla、Trlb，获得过冷却度SCra、SCrb。In the above-mentioned heating operation, the control unit 8 determines the subcooling degrees SCra and SCrb of the refrigerant at the outlets of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b to reach the target subcooling degrees SCras and SCrbs. 41b and controls the opening degree (hereinafter, this control is referred to as "subcooling degree control by the indoor expansion valve"). Here, the degree of supercooling SCra is calculated from the discharge pressure Pd detected by the discharge pressure sensor 32 and the temperatures Tr1a, Tr1b of the refrigerant on the liquid side of the indoor heat exchanger 42a detected by the liquid-side temperature sensors 45a, 45b. , SCrb. More specifically, first, the discharge pressure Pd is converted into the saturation temperature of the refrigerant to obtain a state quantity equivalent to the condensation pressure Pc in the refrigerant circuit 10, that is, the condensation temperature Tc (that is, the condensation pressure Pc and the condensation temperature Tc Although the terms themselves are different, they actually refer to the same state quantity). Here, the condensing pressure Pc refers to the pressure representing the high-pressure refrigerant flowing from the discharge side of the compressor 21 through the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b to the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b during the heating operation. . Then, the degrees of subcooling SCra and SCrb are obtained by subtracting the temperatures Trla and Tr1b of the refrigerant on the liquid side of each of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b from the condensation temperature Tc.
另外，在制热运转中，利用控制部8的室内侧控制部48a、48b来对包括室内膨胀阀41a、41b在内的室内单元4a、4b的各设备进行控制。另外，利用控制部8的室外侧控制部38对包括室外膨胀阀24在内的室外单元2的各设备进行控制。In addition, during the heating operation, each device of the indoor units 4a, 4b including the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b is controlled by the indoor side control units 48a, 48b of the control unit 8 . In addition, each device of the outdoor unit 2 including the outdoor expansion valve 24 is controlled by the outdoor side control unit 38 of the control unit 8 .
-蓄热运转时--During heat storage operation-
在上述的蓄热运转中，在向蓄热热交换器28的蓄热材料的蓄热结束了的情况下，控制部8使蓄热运转结束并转移至制热运转。并且，在从蓄热运转开始后经过了规定的间隔时间Δtbet的情况下，转移至除霜运转。即，间隔时间Δtbet指除霜运转间的间隔时间。并且，基本上在间隔时间Δtbet的期间内进行制热运转时的蓄热运转及蓄热运转结束后的制热运转，每次经过间隔时间Δtbet都进行除霜运转。In the heat storage operation described above, when the heat storage in the heat storage material of the heat storage heat exchanger 28 is completed, the controller 8 ends the heat storage operation and shifts to the heating operation. Then, when the predetermined interval time Δtbet has elapsed since the start of the heat storage operation, the operation is shifted to the defrosting operation. That is, the interval time Δtbet refers to the interval time between defrosting operations. Basically, the heat storage operation during the heating operation and the heating operation after the heat storage operation are performed during the interval time Δtbet, and the defrosting operation is performed every time the interval time Δtbet passes.
如上所述，在空调装置1中，能够切换地进行制冷运转和制热运转。并且，通过在制热运转时进行蓄热运转，能够一边继续进行制热运转，一边进行向蓄热材料的蓄热，通过在除霜运转时进行蓄热利用运转，能够利用蓄热材料的蓄热进行除霜运转。As described above, in the air conditioner 1 , the cooling operation and the heating operation are switchable. In addition, by performing the heat storage operation during the heating operation, heat storage in the heat storage material can be performed while continuing the heating operation, and by performing the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation, the heat stored in the heat storage material can be utilized. heat to perform defrosting operation.
(3)除霜运转时的控制(3) Control during defrosting operation
在进行伴有上述蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时，所需的室外热交换器23的除霜能力因设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件(室外温度、湿度和降雪的程度)等而不同。针对这种由地区的气象条件等引发的除霜能力的差异，考虑假设像寒冷地区那样的在进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时要求最强的除霜能力的气象条件等，来确定包括蓄热材料的容量等在内的蓄热热交换器的规格。但是，在这种蓄热热交换器28的规格确定方法中，需要大容量的蓄热材料，对蓄热热交换器28的尺寸、重量及成本的影响增大。另外，在将空调装置1设置在寒冷地区的情况下，具有蓄热热交换器28的空调装置1的规格恰好供设置于寒冷地区，但在将空调装置1设置在温暖地区的情况下，具有蓄热热交换器28的空调装置1的规格过剩。当然，若按地区准备丰富的具有蓄热热交换器28的多个规格的空调装置1，则能够应对在广泛地区内的设置，但规格的丰富，相应地加大生产率的下降或成本的上升等不利。When performing the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation described above, the required defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 varies depending on the weather conditions (outdoor temperature, humidity, and degree of snowfall) in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed. . Regarding the differences in defrosting capabilities caused by regional weather conditions, etc., consider the weather conditions that require the strongest defrosting capabilities when performing defrosting operations with heat storage utilization operations, such as cold regions. Determine the specifications of the heat storage heat exchanger including the capacity of the heat storage material, etc. However, such a method of specifying the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 requires a large-capacity thermal storage material, which increases the influence on the size, weight, and cost of the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 . In addition, when the air conditioner 1 is installed in a cold region, the specification of the air conditioner 1 having the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 is just for installation in a cold region, but when the air conditioner 1 is installed in a warm region, there is The specification of the air conditioner 1 of the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 is excessive. Of course, if the air conditioner 1 with a plurality of specifications having the thermal storage heat exchanger 28 is prepared abundantly for each area, it can be installed in a wide range of areas, but the abundance of the specifications will increase the decrease in productivity and the increase in cost accordingly. Waiting for the disadvantage.
另外，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转时，室外热交换器23的除霜能力的一部分被用作室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力。此时，即使需要增大室外热交换器23的除霜能力，若维持室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，则室外热交换器23的除霜能力仍可能不足。Also, when the heating operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation, part of the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is used as the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b. At this time, even if it is necessary to increase the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may be insufficient if the heating capabilities of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b are maintained.
那么，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，基于供室外热交换器23配置的外部空间的室外温度Ta以及/或者前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换器23的出口的制冷剂的温度、即室外热交换出口温度Tol2，来改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力。特别是，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在要求进行增大室外热交换器23的除霜能力的变更的情况下，进行制热运转，并降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力。Then, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the outdoor temperature Ta of the external space in which the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is arranged and/or the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 at the end of the previous defrosting operation The temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger, that is, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2, is used to change the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 . In particular, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, when a change to increase the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is required, the heating operation is performed and the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b are lowered. heating capacity.
详细而言，在此，按照图8所示的用于改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的表以及图9的用于改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的流程图所示的步骤ST1～ST3，进行室外热交换器23的除霜能力的变更。Specifically, here, according to the defrosting operation mode table for changing the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 shown in FIG. In steps ST1 to ST3 shown in the flowchart of the frost operation mode, the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is changed.
当开始进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时，首先，判定是否满足模式1转移条件。另外，在前次的除霜运转是模式2(后述)的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式1恢复条件。然后，在满足模式1转移条件的情况下，或者在满足模式1恢复条件的情况下，进行步骤ST1的模式1的除霜运转。在此，模式1转移条件是用于基于代表除霜运转开始时的状况的室外温度Ta来判定是否能进行模式1的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在室外温度Ta比基于规定的第一室外温度Tadef1获得的阈温度(例如使第一室外温度Tadef1与规定的温度ΔTadef相加后得到的值)高的情况下，即使一边确保室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，一边进行除霜运转，也不可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式1转移条件。另外，模式1恢复条件是用于基于代表除霜运转开始时的状况的室外温度Ta以及代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否能从模式2的除霜运转恢复成模式1的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前三次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2均为规定的第一除霜运转判定温度Tdef1(在此，与指除霜运转结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)以上，并且室外温度Ta比规定的第二室外温度Tadef2(在此是低于第一室外温度Tadef1的温度)高的情况下，即使一边确保室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，一边进行除霜运转，也不可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式1恢复条件。另外，如图8所示，模式1的除霜运转确保室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，在此，通过将室内膨胀阀41a、41b打开规定的开度而向作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b供给高压的气体制冷剂，并使室内风扇43a、43b以最小转速运转，来进行模式1的除霜运转。另外，在上述模式1的除霜运转中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容。When the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation is started, first, it is determined whether or not the mode 1 transition condition is satisfied. In addition, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of mode 2 (described later), it is determined whether or not the mode 1 return condition is satisfied. Then, when the mode 1 shift condition is satisfied, or when the mode 1 return condition is satisfied, the mode 1 defrosting operation in step ST1 is performed. Here, the mode 1 transition condition is a condition for determining whether or not the mode 1 defrosting operation can be performed based on the outdoor temperature Ta representing the situation at the start of the defrosting operation. In addition, here, when the outdoor temperature Ta is higher than the threshold temperature obtained based on the predetermined first outdoor temperature Tadef1 (for example, a value obtained by adding the first outdoor temperature Tadef1 to the predetermined temperature ΔTadef), even if the The heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b satisfies the Mode 1 transition condition without defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 23 without defrosting operation. In addition, the mode 1 recovery condition is used to determine whether the defrosting operation in mode 2 can be performed based on the outdoor temperature Ta representing the situation at the start of the defrosting operation and the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. The frost operation returns to the conditions of the mode 1 defrost operation. In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous three defrosting operations is the predetermined first defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef1 (here, the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe at the end of the defrosting operation. same) or higher, and the outdoor temperature Ta is higher than the predetermined second outdoor temperature Tadef2 (here, a temperature lower than the first outdoor temperature Tadef1), even if the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b is ensured, Even if the defrosting operation is performed, insufficient defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is unlikely to occur, and the mode 1 recovery condition is satisfied. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8 , in the defrosting operation of mode 1, the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b is ensured, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted. Here, by opening the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b Mode 1 defrosting operation is performed by supplying high-pressure gas refrigerant to indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b functioning as refrigerant radiators with predetermined opening degrees, and operating indoor fans 43a, 43b at minimum rotation speeds. In addition, in the defrosting operation of the above-mentioned mode 1, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment constituting the outdoor unit 2 (compressor 21, switching mechanism 22, 27, outdoor expansion valve 24, outdoor fan 25, and thermal storage expansion valve 29). The control contents of the indoor units 4a and 4b (indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b, indoor fans 43a and 43b) are also determined.
但是，在前次的除霜运转是模式1的除霜运转的情况下，当确保室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力并进行除霜运转时，有时发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式1的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式2转移条件。并且，在满足模式2转移条件的情况下，进行步骤ST2的模式2的除霜运转。在此，模式2转移条件是用于基于代表除霜运转开始时的状况的室外温度Ta以及代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否应从模式1的除霜运转转移成模式2的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2比规定的第一除霜运转判定温度Tdef1(在此与指除霜运转结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)低，并且室外温度Ta为规定的第一室外温度Tadef1以下的情况下，或者在室外温度Ta为规定的第二室外温度Tadef2以下的情况下，当确保室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力并进行除霜运转时，可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式2转移条件。另外，如图8所示，模式2的除霜运转降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，在此通过使室内膨胀阀41a、41b微开(例如全开时的15％以下的开度)而向作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能的室内热交换器42a、42b供给高压的气体制冷剂，并使室内风扇43a、43b以最小转速运转，来进行模式2的除霜运转。另外，同样，在上述模式2的除霜运转中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容。However, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of pattern 1, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may be defrosted when the defrosting operation is performed while ensuring the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b. insufficient. Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 1 defrosting operation, it is determined whether or not the mode 2 transition condition is satisfied. Then, when the transition condition to mode 2 is satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 2 in step ST2 is performed. Here, the mode 2 transition condition is used to determine whether to switch from the mode 1 defrosting operation based on the outdoor temperature Ta representing the situation at the start of the defrosting operation and the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. Conditions for transitioning from frost operation to mode 2 defrost operation. In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is lower than the predetermined first defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef1 (here, the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe indicating the end of the defrosting operation). When the outdoor temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined first outdoor temperature Tadef1, or when the outdoor temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined second outdoor temperature Tadef2, when the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b is ensured And when the defrosting operation is performed, insufficient defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may occur, and the mode 2 transition condition is satisfied. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the defrosting operation of mode 2 reduces the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b, and performs defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23. Here, the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b are slightly opened. (for example, an opening degree of 15% or less when fully open), supply high-pressure gas refrigerant to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b that function as refrigerant radiators, and operate the indoor fans 43a, 43b at the minimum speed, to carry out the defrosting operation of mode 2. In addition, similarly, in the above-mentioned mode 2 defrosting operation, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment (compressor 21, switching mechanism 22, 27, outdoor expansion valve 24, outdoor fan 25 and thermal storage expansion valve) that constitute the outdoor unit 2 The control content of 29) also determines the control content of the devices (indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, indoor fans 43a, 43b) constituting the indoor units 4a, 4b.
但是，在前次的除霜运转是模式2的除霜运转的情况下，只通过使室内膨胀阀41a、41b微开来降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，有时不能解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式2的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式3转移条件。并且，在满足模式3转移条件的情况下，进行步骤ST3的模式3的除霜运转。在此，模式3转移条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否应从模式2的除霜运转转移成模式3的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2比规定的第二除霜运转判定温度Tdef2(在此与指除霜运转的结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)低的情况下，当只降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力而进行除霜运转时，可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式3转移条件。另外，如图8所示，模式3的除霜运转停止向室内热交换器42a、42b内供给制热能力，并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，在此，通过使室内膨胀阀41a、41b全闭并使室内风扇43a、43b停止，来进行模式3的除霜运转。However, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 2 defrosting operation, only by slightly opening the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b to reduce the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b may not solve the problem of outdoor heat loss. Insufficient defrosting of the exchanger 23 . Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 2 defrosting operation, it is determined whether or not the mode 3 transition condition is satisfied. Then, when the transition condition to mode 3 is satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 3 in step ST3 is performed. Here, the mode 3 transition condition is a condition for determining whether to transition from the mode 2 defrosting operation to the mode 3 defrosting operation based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is lower than the predetermined second defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef2 (here, the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe indicating the end of the defrosting operation). ) is low, when the defrosting operation is performed with only the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b reduced, insufficient defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may occur, and the mode 3 transition condition is satisfied. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8 , in the defrosting operation of mode 3, the supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b is stopped, and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted. Here, the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b The defrosting operation of mode 3 is performed by fully closing and stopping the indoor fans 43a and 43b.
另外，在前次的除霜运转是模式3的除霜运转的情况下，有时通过停止向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力并进行室外热交换器23的除霜来解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式3的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式2恢复条件。并且，在满足模式2恢复条件的情况下，进行步骤ST2的模式2的除霜运转。在此，模式2恢复条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否能从模式3的除霜运转恢复成模式2的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前三次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2均为规定的第二除霜运转判定温度Tdef2(在此与指除霜运转的结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)以上的情况下，即使一边向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力一边进行室外热交换器23的除霜，也不可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式2恢复条件。另外，同样，在上述模式3的除霜运转中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容。In addition, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of mode 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may be solved by stopping the supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 23 in some cases. 23's defrosting is insufficient. Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 3 defrosting operation, it is determined whether or not the mode 2 return condition is satisfied. Then, when the mode 2 return condition is satisfied, the mode 2 defrosting operation in step ST2 is performed. Here, the mode 2 return condition is a condition for determining whether the mode 3 defrosting operation can be restored to the mode 2 defrosting operation based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. . In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the first three defrosting operations is the predetermined second defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef2 (here the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe at the end of the defrosting operation. In the above cases, even if the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted while supplying heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b, defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is unlikely to occur, and the mode 2 recovery condition is satisfied. . In addition, similarly, in the defrosting operation of the above-mentioned mode 3, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment (the compressor 21, the switching mechanism 22, 27, the outdoor expansion valve 24, the outdoor fan 25, and the heat storage expansion valve) constituting the outdoor unit 2. The control content of 29) also determines the control content of the devices (indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, indoor fans 43a, 43b) constituting the indoor units 4a, 4b.
这样，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，使需要依据设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等进行变化的室外热交换器23的除霜能力，基于室外温度Ta及/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2进行变更。因此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，能使室外热交换器23的除霜能力恰好应对设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等。由此，能够利用具有特定容量的蓄热材料的蓄热热交换器28应对广泛的地区。另外，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，能够尽量使制热运转继续进行，并能确保室外热交换器23的除霜能力。Thus, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, which needs to be changed according to the weather conditions in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed, is based on the outdoor temperature Ta and/or Or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is changed. Therefore, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be appropriately adapted to the weather conditions and the like in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed. Accordingly, it is possible to cope with a wide range of regions by using the heat storage heat exchanger 28 having a heat storage material with a specific capacity. Here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the heating operation can be continued as much as possible, and the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be ensured.
另外，在伴有上述的蓄热利用运转的除霜运转(模式1～模式3的除霜运转)中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容，这一点与只进行制冷运转或制热运转的情况不同。因此，室外侧控制部38能对伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中的空调装置1整体的设备进行总括控制，恰好地控制各设备。In addition, in the defrosting operation (the defrosting operation of mode 1 to mode 3) accompanying the heat storage utilization operation described above, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment (compressor 21, switching mechanism 22, 27. The control content of the outdoor expansion valve 24, the outdoor fan 25, and the heat storage expansion valve 29) also determines the control content of the equipment (indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, indoor fans 43a, 43b) that constitute the indoor units 4a, 4b. It is different from the case where only cooling operation or heating operation is performed. Therefore, the outdoor side control unit 38 can collectively control the devices of the air-conditioning apparatus 1 as a whole during the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation, and appropriately control each device.
(4)变形例1(4) Modification 1
在上述的实施方式的伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在室外温度Ta较低的情况下、以及前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol较低的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转而良好地进行除霜运转。In the defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation in the above-mentioned embodiment, when the outdoor temperature Ta is low, and when the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol at the end of the previous defrosting operation is low, It is desirable to perform the defrosting operation frequently and perform the defrosting operation well.
那么，在此如图10所示，基于室外温度Ta及/或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2，改变除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet。例如在室外温度Ta较低的情况下、以及前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2较低的情况(在此进行模式2的除霜运转的情况)下，进行使除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet变短的变更。Then, here, as shown in FIG. 10 , the interval time Δtbet between defrosting operations is changed based on the outdoor temperature Ta and/or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation. For example, when the outdoor temperature Ta is low, and when the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is low (in the case where the defrosting operation of mode 2 is performed here), defrosting is performed. A change in which the interval time Δtbet between operations is shortened.
由此，在此能够根据需要改变除霜运转的频度，良好地进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转。Accordingly, here, the frequency of the defrosting operation can be changed as necessary, and the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation can be performed satisfactorily.
(5)变形例2(5) Modification 2
当在上述的实施方式及变形例1的伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行制热运转的情况下，只通过降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力(也包括停止供给制热能力)，有时会导致室外温度Ta降低、或前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2降低，以不能实现室外热交换器23的除霜能力。即，只利用上述的实施方式的模式1～模式3的除霜运转，有时不能实现室外热交换器23的除霜能力。When performing the heating operation at the same time as the defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation in the above-mentioned embodiment and modification 1, only by reducing the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b (including stopping the supply of heating) thermal capacity), the outdoor temperature Ta may decrease, or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation may decrease, so that the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may not be realized. That is, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may not be realized only by the defrosting operation of modes 1 to 3 in the above-described embodiment.
那么，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在要求进行进一步增大室外热交换器23的除霜能力的变更的情况(在此，是在模式3的除霜运转中不能实现室外热交换器23的除霜能力的情况)下，不同时进行制热运转，而是进行连通管热回收运转及/或室内热交换热回收运转。Then, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, when it is required to further increase the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 (here, during the defrosting operation of mode 3 When the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 cannot be realized), the heating operation is not performed at the same time, but the communication pipe heat recovery operation and/or the indoor heat exchange heat recovery operation are performed.
详细而言，在此，按照图11所示的用于改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的表以及图12的用于改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力的除霜运转模式的流程图所示的步骤ST1～步骤ST6，进行室外热交换器23的除霜能力的变更。Specifically, here, according to the table of defrosting operation modes for changing the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 shown in FIG. In steps ST1 to ST6 shown in the flowchart of the frost operation mode, the defrosting capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is changed.
当开始进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转时，与上述的实施方式的模式1～模式3(步骤ST1～步骤ST3)同样，降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力(也包括停止供给制热能力)，并进行除霜运转。When the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation is started, the heating capacity of the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b is reduced (including stop supply of heating capacity), and perform defrosting operation.
但是，在前次的除霜运转是模式3的除霜运转的情况下，只通过使室内膨胀阀41a、41b全闭来停止向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力，有时不能解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式3的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式4转移条件。并且，在满足模式4转移条件的情况下，进行步骤ST4的模式4的除霜运转。在此，模式4转移条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否应从模式3的除霜运转转移成模式4的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2比规定的第三除霜运转判定温度Tdef3(在此，与指除霜运转的结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)低、并实施进行模式4的除霜运转的设定的情况下，只通过停止向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力，可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式4转移条件。在此，如图13所示，利用设于控制部8的热回收运转设定元件81进行是否进行模式4的除霜运转的设定(也包括是否进行模式5、6的除霜运转的设定)。在此，热回收运转设定元件81是设置于控制部8的室外侧控制部38的存储器，通过来自用于进行空调装置1的各种控制设定等的外部设备的通信，能够设置是否进行模式4～模式6的除霜运转。另外，热回收运转设定元件81并不限定于上述结构，例如只要如设置于室外侧控制部38的双列直插开关等那样能够设定是否进行模式4～模式6的除霜运转的结构即可。另外，如图11及图14所示，模式4的除霜运转在通过使室内膨胀阀41a、41b全闭来停止了向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力的状态下进行对制冷剂管(主要是气体制冷剂连通管7)所保有的热量进行回收的连通管热回收运转，该制冷剂管将室内热交换器42a、42b与压缩机21之间连接，并进行室外热交换器23的除霜。在此，对于为了使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而切换成室内散热切换状态的第二切换机构27，使该第二切换机构27切换成用于使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能的室内蒸发切换状态，从而使连接室内热交换器42a、42b与压缩机21之间的制冷剂管(主要是气体制冷剂连通管7)处于低压，将滞留在该制冷剂管内的高温的气体制冷剂与来自蓄热热交换器28的低压的制冷剂一起吸入到压缩机21内，从而进行模式4的除霜运转(参照图14)。另外，同样，在上述模式4的除霜运转中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容。However, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 3 defrosting operation, only by fully closing the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b to stop the supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b may not solve the problem of outdoor heat loss. Insufficient defrosting of the exchanger 23 . Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 3 defrosting operation, it is determined whether or not the mode 4 transition condition is satisfied. Then, when the transition condition to mode 4 is satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 4 in step ST4 is performed. Here, the mode 4 transition condition is a condition for determining whether to transition from the mode 3 defrosting operation to the mode 4 defrosting operation based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is lower than the predetermined third defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef3 (here, the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe which refers to the end of the defrosting operation. When the same) is low and the defrosting operation of mode 4 is set, only by stopping the supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b, the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may be insufficient, and mode 4 is satisfied. transfer conditions. Here, as shown in FIG. 13 , the setting of whether to perform the defrosting operation of mode 4 (including whether to perform the defrosting operation of modes 5 and 6) is performed by using the heat recovery operation setting element 81 provided in the control unit 8 . Certainly). Here, the heat recovery operation setting element 81 is a memory provided in the outdoor side control unit 38 of the control unit 8, and it is possible to set whether to perform the operation by communicating with an external device for performing various control settings of the air conditioner 1 and the like. Mode 4 to mode 6 defrost operation. In addition, the heat recovery operation setting element 81 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, as long as it can set whether to perform the defrosting operation in modes 4 to 6, such as a DIP switch provided in the outdoor side control unit 38, for example. That's it. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 14 , the defrosting operation of mode 4 is performed in a state where the supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b is stopped by fully closing the indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b. (Mainly the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7) recovers the heat retained by the communication pipe heat recovery operation. defrosting. Here, the second switching mechanism 27 that is switched to the indoor heat radiation switching state in order to make the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b function as refrigerant radiators is switched to allow the indoor heat exchange. The indoor evaporation switching state where the heat exchangers 42a, 42b function as refrigerant evaporators makes the refrigerant pipe (mainly the gas refrigerant communication pipe 7) connecting the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b and the compressor 21 at a low pressure. The high-temperature gas refrigerant remaining in the refrigerant pipe is sucked into the compressor 21 together with the low-pressure refrigerant from the heat storage heat exchanger 28, thereby performing the defrosting operation of mode 4 (see FIG. 14 ). In addition, similarly, in the above-mentioned mode 4 defrosting operation, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment (compressor 21, switching mechanism 22, 27, outdoor expansion valve 24, outdoor fan 25 and thermal storage expansion valve) that constitute the outdoor unit 2 The control content of 29) also determines the control content of the devices (indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, indoor fans 43a, 43b) constituting the indoor units 4a, 4b.
另外，在前次的除霜运转是模式4的除霜运转的情况下，有时通过进行连通管热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，来解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式4的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式3恢复条件。并且，在满足模式3恢复条件的情况下，进行步骤ST3的模式3的除霜运转。在此，模式3恢复条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否能从模式4的除霜运转恢复成模式3的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在不再满足模式4转移条件的情况下，即使只通过停止向室内热交换器42a、42b供给制热能力来进行室外热交换器23的除霜，也不可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式3恢复条件。In addition, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 4 defrosting operation, the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may be solved by performing the communication pipe heat recovery operation and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 23. . Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 4 defrosting operation, it is determined whether or not the mode 3 return condition is satisfied. Then, when the mode 3 recovery condition is satisfied, the mode 3 defrosting operation in step ST3 is performed. Here, the mode 3 return condition is a condition for determining whether the mode 4 defrosting operation can be restored to the mode 3 defrosting operation based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. . In addition, here, when the mode 4 transition condition is no longer satisfied, even if the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted by stopping supply of heating capacity to the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b, outdoor heat exchange cannot occur. The defrosting of the device 23 is insufficient, and the recovery condition of mode 3 is met.
但是，在前次的除霜运转是模式4的除霜运转的情况下，有时只通过进行连通管热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，不能解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式4的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式5与6转移条件。并且，在满足模式5与6转移条件的情况下，进行步骤ST5的模式5或步骤ST6的模式6的除霜运转。在此，模式5与6转移条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否应从模式4的除霜运转转移成模式5、6的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2比规定的第四除霜运转判定温度Tdef4(在此，与指除霜运转的结束的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe相同)低，并且进行设定模式5或模式6的除霜运转的设定的情况下，只通过进行连通管热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式5与6转移条件。在此，与上述同样，利用设置于控制部8的热回收运转设定元件81进行是否进行模式5、6的除霜运转的设定。另外，如图11及图15所示，模式5、6的除霜运转在进行连通管热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜的状态下，进行通过使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而将制冷剂获得的热回收的室内热交换器热回收运转，并且进行室外热交换器23的除霜。在此，通过将在连通管热回收运转中全闭的室内膨胀阀41a、41b打开而使室内热交换器42a、42b作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能，来进行模式5、6的除霜运转(参照图15)。并且，在利用热回收运转设定元件81设定模式5的除霜运转的情况下，进行不使室内风扇43a、43b运转就进行热回收的第一室内热交换器热回收运转，在设定模式6的除霜运转的情况下，进行使室内风扇43a、43b运转的第二室内热交换器热回收运转(参照图11)。However, when the previous defrosting operation was the mode 4 defrosting operation, the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may not be solved by simply performing the communication pipe heat recovery operation and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 23. insufficient. Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of mode 4, it is determined whether or not the transition conditions for modes 5 and 6 are satisfied. Then, when the transition conditions between modes 5 and 6 are satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 5 in step ST5 or mode 6 in step ST6 is performed. Here, the mode 5 and 6 transition conditions are used to determine whether to transition from the mode 4 defrosting operation to the mode 5 and 6 defrosting based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation operating conditions. In addition, here, the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is lower than the predetermined fourth defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef4 (here, the same as the defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe which refers to the end of the defrosting operation. same) is low, and the defrosting operation of the setting mode 5 or 6 is set, only by performing the communication pipe heat recovery operation and performing the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23, the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may occur. Insufficient defrosting, meet the mode 5 and 6 transfer conditions. Here, the setting of whether to perform the defrosting operation of modes 5 and 6 is performed by the heat recovery operation setting element 81 provided in the control unit 8 in the same manner as above. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 15 , the defrosting operation of modes 5 and 6 is carried out in a state where the communication pipe heat recovery operation is performed and the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted, and the indoor heat exchanger 42a, 42b is passed through. The indoor heat exchanger, which functions as an evaporator of the refrigerant and recovers heat acquired by the refrigerant, is operated for heat recovery, and defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is performed. Here, the defrosting operations in modes 5 and 6 are performed by opening the indoor expansion valves 41a and 41b that are fully closed during the communication pipe heat recovery operation to make the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b function as refrigerant evaporators. (Refer to Figure 15). And, when the defrosting operation of mode 5 is set by the heat recovery operation setting element 81, the heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger is performed to recover heat without operating the indoor fans 43a, 43b. In the case of the defrosting operation of pattern 6, the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger in which the indoor fans 43a and 43b are operated is performed (see FIG. 11 ).
另外，在前次的除霜运转是模式5或模式6的除霜运转的情况下，有时通过进行第一室内热交换器热回收运转或第二室内热交换器热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜，来解决室外热交换器23的除霜不足。那么，在前次的除霜运转是模式5或模式6的除霜运转的情况下，判定是否满足模式4恢复条件。并且，在满足模式4恢复条件的情况下，进行步骤ST4的模式4的除霜运转。在此，模式4恢复条件是用于基于代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的室外热交换出口温度Tol2来判定是否能从模式5或模式6的除霜运转恢复成模式4的除霜运转的条件。并且，在此，在不再满足模式5与6转移条件的情况下，即使只通过进行连通管热回收运转并进行室外热交换器23的除霜来进行室外热交换器23的除霜，不可能发生室外热交换器23的除霜不足，满足模式4恢复条件。另外，同样，在上述模式5、6的除霜运转中，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备(压缩机21、切换机构22、27、室外膨胀阀24、室外风扇25及蓄热膨胀阀29)的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备(室内膨胀阀41a、41b、室内风扇43a、43b)的控制内容。In addition, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of mode 5 or mode 6, the heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger or the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger may be performed to exchange heat outdoors. The defrosting of the heat exchanger 23 is used to solve the defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23. Then, when the previous defrosting operation was the defrosting operation of mode 5 or mode 6, it is determined whether or not the mode 4 return condition is satisfied. Then, when the mode 4 return condition is satisfied, the mode 4 defrosting operation in step ST4 is performed. Here, the mode 4 recovery condition is used to determine whether the mode 4 defrosting can be restored from the mode 5 or mode 6 defrosting operation based on the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation. operating conditions. In addition, here, when the transition conditions of modes 5 and 6 are no longer satisfied, even if the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is defrosted only by performing the communicating pipe heat recovery operation and defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger 23, the Insufficient defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 may occur, satisfying the Mode 4 recovery condition. In addition, similarly, in the defrosting operation of the above-mentioned modes 5 and 6, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the equipment (compressor 21, switching mechanism 22, 27, outdoor expansion valve 24, outdoor fan 25 and accumulator The control content of the thermal expansion valve 29) also determines the control content of the devices (indoor expansion valves 41a, 41b, indoor fans 43a, 43b) constituting the indoor units 4a, 4b.
这样，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，在只通过降低室内热交换器42a、42b的制热能力，不能实现室外热交换器23的除霜能力的情况下，通过不进行制热运转就进行模式4～模式6那样的热回收运转，能够确保室外热交换器23的除霜能力。另外，在此，在进行模式5或模式6的除霜运转(室内热交换器热回收运转)之前进行模式4的除霜运转(连通管热回收运转)，但也可以省略模式4的除霜运转。例如在满足模式4转移条件的情况下，也可以从模式3的除霜运转转移至模式5或模式6的除霜运转，在满足模式4恢复条件的情况下，也可以从模式5或模式6的除霜运转恢复成模式3的除霜运转。但是，在尽量保持室内的舒适性的观点上，理想的是，在进行模式5或模式6的除霜运转之前进行模式4的除霜运转。Thus, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, if the defrosting ability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 cannot be realized only by reducing the heating ability of the indoor heat exchangers 42a and 42b, the The defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be ensured by performing the heat recovery operation such as Mode 4 to Mode 6 without performing the heating operation. Here, the defrosting operation of mode 4 (communicating pipe heat recovery operation) is performed before the defrosting operation of mode 5 or 6 (heat recovery operation of the indoor heat exchanger), but the defrosting operation of mode 4 may be omitted. run. For example, when the mode 4 transfer condition is satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 3 can also be transferred to the defrosting operation of mode 5 or mode 6, and when the recovery condition of mode 4 is satisfied, the defrosting operation of mode 5 or mode 6 can also be transferred. The defrosting operation of the mode returns to the defrosting operation of mode 3. However, from the viewpoint of maintaining the comfort of the room as much as possible, it is desirable to perform the defrosting operation in mode 4 before performing the defrosting operation in mode 5 or 6 .
另外，在此，作为室内热交换器热回收运转，具有：第一室内热交换器热回收运转，在该第一室内热交换器热回收运转中，不使室内风扇43a、43b运转，抑制对空气调节空间的影响，并从室内热交换器42a、42b中回收热；以及第二室内热交换器热回收运转，在该第二室内热交换器热回收运转中，通过使室内风扇43a、43b运转，使对空气调节空间的影响增大，但是能够回收比第一室内热交换器热回收运转多的热量。因此，能够在要求的室外热交换器23的除霜能力的程度较小的情况下，进行第一室内热交换器热回收运转，并在要求的室外热交换器23的除霜能力的程度较大的情况下，进行第二室内热交换器热回收运转。由此，在此能够根据需要分开使用热回收的程度不同的两种室内热交换器热回收运转，以确保室外热交换器23的除霜能力。In addition, here, as the indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation, there is a first indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation in which the indoor fans 43a, 43b are not operated to suppress the air conditioning space, and recover heat from the indoor heat exchangers 42a, 42b; and the second indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation, in which the indoor fans 43a, 43b The operation increases the impact on the air-conditioned space, but it can recover more heat than the first indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation. Therefore, the first indoor heat exchanger heat recovery operation can be performed when the required degree of defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is small, and the required degree of defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is relatively small. If it is large, the heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger is performed. Accordingly, here, two types of heat recovery operations of the indoor heat exchangers having different degrees of heat recovery can be separately used as necessary to secure the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 .
另外，在此，利用设置于控制部8的热回收运转设定元件81能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，设定是否同时或者禁止进行热回收运转。并且，例如在寒冷地区，能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中实施进行热回收运转的设定，在温暖地区，能在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中实施不进行热回收运转的设定。由此，在此能够依据设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等设定是否进行热回收运转。In addition, here, by using the heat recovery operation setting element 81 provided in the control unit 8, it is possible to set whether to perform the heat recovery operation at the same time or to prohibit the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation. In addition, for example, in cold regions, heat recovery operation can be performed during defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation, and in warm regions, no heat recovery can be performed during defrosting operation with heat storage utilization operation. Setting of recovery operation. Thus, here, it is possible to set whether or not to perform the heat recovery operation according to the weather conditions and the like in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed.
另外，在此，在利用热回收运转设定元件81在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，也能设定三个热回收运转(连通管热回收运转、第一室内热交换器热回收运转及第二室内热交换器热回收运转)中的任一个。In addition, here, when using the heat recovery operation setting element 81 to simultaneously perform the heat recovery operation during the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, three heat recovery operations (communicating pipe heat recovery operation) can also be set. , heat recovery operation of the first indoor heat exchanger, and heat recovery operation of the second indoor heat exchanger).
由此，在此，也能依据设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等，设定进行哪个热回收运转。Accordingly, here also, it is possible to set which heat recovery operation is to be performed in accordance with the weather conditions and the like in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed.
另外，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行模式4～模式6那样的热回收运转的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转，并且在除霜运转之前进行的蓄热运转中，充分地向蓄热材料进行蓄热。In addition, when the heat recovery operation such as mode 4 to mode 6 is performed at the same time as the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, it is desirable to perform the defrosting operation frequently and perform the defrosting operation before the defrosting operation During heat storage operation, heat is sufficiently stored in the heat storage material.
那么，在此如图11所示，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，每当蓄热运转结束时，进行除霜运转。因此，能在进行除霜运转前的蓄热运转中可靠地向蓄热材料进行蓄热，并且通过省略进行蓄热运转后的制热运转，能够缩短除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet。Then, as shown in FIG. 11 here, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting operation is performed every time the heat storage operation ends. Therefore, heat can be reliably stored in the heat storage material during the heat storage operation before the defrosting operation, and the interval time Δtbet between the defrosting operations can be shortened by omitting the heating operation after the heat storage operation.
由此，在此，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，能够增加除霜运转的频度，并且能够充分地利用所蓄积的蓄热材料的热量，能够良好地进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转。Therefore, here, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the frequency of the defrosting operation can be increased, and the heat stored in the heat storage material can be fully utilized. , the defrosting operation accompanying the heat storage utilization operation can be performed favorably.
另外，在本变形例中追加的模式4～模式6的除霜运转中，也与模式1～模式3的除霜运转同样，室外侧控制部38不仅决定构成室外单元2的设备的控制内容，也决定构成室内单元4a、4b的设备的控制内容。因此，室外侧控制部38能对伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中的空调装置1整体的设备进行总括控制，适当地进行各设备的控制。In addition, in the defrosting operation of modes 4 to 6 added in this modified example, as in the defrosting operations of modes 1 to 3, the outdoor side control unit 38 not only determines the control content of the equipment constituting the outdoor unit 2, but also The control contents of the devices constituting the indoor units 4a, 4b are also determined. Therefore, the outdoor side control unit 38 can collectively control the devices of the air-conditioning apparatus 1 as a whole during the defrosting operation accompanied with the heat storage utilization operation, and appropriately control each device.
(6)变形例3(6) Modification 3
在上述的实施方式及变形例1、2中，如图9及图12所示，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，基于作为代表除霜运转开始时的状况的指标的室外温度Ta及/或作为代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的指标的室外热交换出口温度Tol2，改变室外热交换器23的除霜能力。In the above-mentioned embodiment and modified examples 1 and 2, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 12 , in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the outdoor temperature is used as an index representing the situation at the start of the defrosting operation. The defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 is changed by Ta and/or the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 which is an index representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation.
但是，代表前次的除霜运转结束时的状况的指标并不限定于此。例如当在室外热交换出口温度Tol2达到了规定的除霜运转结束温度Tdefe以上的情况下结束除霜运转的情况下，也可以使用前次的除霜运转所需的时间tdef。However, the index representing the situation at the end of the previous defrosting operation is not limited to this. For example, when the defrosting operation is terminated when the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 reaches or exceeds the predetermined defrosting operation end temperature Tdefe, the time tdef required for the previous defrosting operation may be used.
即，在图9及图12的除霜运转模式的变更处理中，只要将“前次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2比除霜运转判定温度Tdef1、Tdef2、Tdef3、Tdef4低”的这一条件改变为“前次的除霜运转所需的时间tdef比规定的时间大”的这一条件即可。另外，将“前三次的除霜运转结束时的室外热交换出口温度Tol2均为除霜运转判定温度Tdef1、Tdef2以上”的这一条件改变为“前三次的除霜运转所需的时间tdef均为规定的时间以下”的这一条件即可。That is, in the change process of the defrosting operation mode in FIG. 9 and FIG. 12, as long as "the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperature Tol2 at the end of the previous defrosting operation is lower than the defrosting operation determination temperature Tdef1, Tdef2, Tdef3, Tdef4 The condition of " may be changed to the condition of "the time tdef required for the previous defrosting operation is greater than the predetermined time". In addition, the condition that "the outdoor heat exchange outlet temperatures Tol2 at the end of the previous three defrosting operations are all equal to or higher than the defrosting operation determination temperatures Tdef1 and Tdef2" is changed to "the time tdef required for the previous three defrosting operations is equal to The condition that "below the specified time" is sufficient.
这样，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，基于室外温度Ta及/或前次的除霜运转所需的时间tdef，将需要依据设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等进行变化的室外热交换器23的除霜能力改变。因此，与上述的实施方式及变形例1、2同样，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，能使室外热交换器23的除霜能力恰好地应对设置空调装置1的地区的气象条件等。由此，能够利用具有特定容量的蓄热材料的蓄热热交换器28应对广泛的地区。另外，在此，在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中，能够尽量继续进行制热运转，并能确保室外热交换器23的除霜能力。In this way, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, based on the outdoor temperature Ta and/or the time tdef required for the previous defrosting operation, it is necessary to depend on the weather conditions of the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed, etc. The defrosting capability of the changed outdoor heat exchanger 23 is changed. Therefore, similarly to the above-mentioned embodiment and Modifications 1 and 2, in the defrosting operation accompanied by heat storage utilization operation, the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be properly adapted to the weather in the area where the air conditioner 1 is installed. conditions etc. Accordingly, it is possible to cope with a wide range of regions by using the heat storage heat exchanger 28 having a heat storage material with a specific capacity. In addition, here, in the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation, the heating operation can be continued as much as possible, and the defrosting capability of the outdoor heat exchanger 23 can be ensured.
另外，在前次的除霜运转所需的时间tdef较长的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转而良好地进行除霜运转。另外，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况下，理想的是，频繁地进行除霜运转，并且在除霜运转之前进行的蓄热运转中，充分地向蓄热材料进行蓄热。In addition, when the time tdef required for the previous defrosting operation is long, it is desirable to perform the defrosting operation frequently so as to perform the defrosting operation satisfactorily. In addition, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation, it is desirable that the defrosting operation be performed frequently and that the heat storage operation performed prior to the defrosting operation be sufficiently Heat is stored in the heat storage material.
那么，在此，与上述的变形例1、2同样，基于室外温度Ta及/或前次的除霜运转所需的时间改变除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet。例如在前次的除霜运转所需的时间较长的情况(在此，是进行模式2的除霜运转的情况)下，如图10及图11所示，进行使除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet缩短的变更。另外，当在伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转中同时进行热回收运转的情况(在此，是进行模式3～模式6的除霜运转的情况)下，与变形例2(参照图11)同样，每当蓄热运转结束时进行除霜运转。Then, here, as in the first and second modifications described above, the interval time Δtbet between defrosting operations is changed based on the outdoor temperature Ta and/or the time required for the previous defrosting operation. For example, when the time required for the previous defrosting operation was long (here, in the case of performing the defrosting operation of mode 2), as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , the interval between defrosting operations A change in time Δtbet shortening. In addition, when the heat recovery operation is performed simultaneously with the heat storage utilization operation during the defrosting operation (here, when the defrosting operation of Mode 3 to Mode 6 is performed), the same as Modification 2 (see FIG. 11 ) ) Similarly, the defrosting operation is performed every time the heat storage operation ends.
由此，在此，能够依据需要改变除霜运转的频度，能够良好地进行伴有蓄热利用运转的除霜运转。另外，能在除霜运转前的蓄热运转中可靠地向蓄热材料进行蓄热，并且通过省略蓄热运转后的制热运转，能够缩短除霜运转间的间隔时间Δtbet。Accordingly, here, the frequency of the defrosting operation can be changed as needed, and the defrosting operation accompanied by the heat storage utilization operation can be performed satisfactorily. In addition, heat can be reliably stored in the heat storage material during the heat storage operation before the defrosting operation, and the interval time Δtbet between the defrosting operations can be shortened by omitting the heating operation after the heat storage operation.
工业上的实用性Industrial Applicability
本发明能够广泛地应用在如下这种空调装置中，即，该空调装置包括制冷剂回路，并进行蓄热运转，同时进行蓄热利用运转及制热运转，其中，上述制冷剂回路具有使制冷剂与蓄热材料之间进行热交换的蓄热热交换器，上述蓄热运转是指通过使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的散热器发挥功能而向蓄热材料进行蓄热的运转，上述蓄热利用运转是指通过在除霜运转时使蓄热热交换器作为制冷剂的蒸发器发挥功能而从蓄热材料中进行散热的运转。The present invention can be widely applied to an air conditioner that includes a refrigerant circuit, performs heat storage operation, and performs heat storage utilization operation and heating operation at the same time, wherein the refrigerant circuit has a cooling function. A heat storage heat exchanger for exchanging heat between an agent and a heat storage material. The heat storage operation refers to an operation in which heat is stored in the heat storage material by making the heat storage heat exchanger function as a radiator for the refrigerant. The thermal storage utilization operation refers to an operation in which heat is released from the thermal storage material by making the thermal storage heat exchanger function as an evaporator for the refrigerant during the defrosting operation.
(符号说明)(Symbol Description)
1…空调装置；1… air conditioning unit;
10…制冷剂回路；10...refrigerant circuit;
21…压缩机；21... compressor;
23…室外热交换器；23...outdoor heat exchanger;
28…蓄热热交换器；28... regenerative heat exchanger;
29…蓄热膨胀阀；29... heat storage expansion valve;
41a、41b…室内膨胀阀；41a, 41b...indoor expansion valve;
42a、42b…室内热交换器；42a, 42b...indoor heat exchangers;
43a、43b…室内风扇；43a, 43b...indoor fans;
81…热回收运转设定元件。81...Heat recovery operation setting element.
现有技术文献prior art literature
专利文献patent documents
专利文献1：日本特开2005-337657号公报Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-337657
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| CN104736951A CN104736951A (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| CN104736951Btrue CN104736951B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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| CN201280076455.0AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104736951B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Air-conditioning device |
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