技术领域technical field
本发明涉及LED照明技术领域，特别是，尤其涉及全周光配光透镜的设计方法及相应的配光透镜。The invention relates to the technical field of LED lighting, in particular, to a design method of a full-circumference light distribution lens and a corresponding light distribution lens.
背景技术Background technique
LED(Light Emitting Diode)以其效率高，光色纯、能耗低、寿命长、无污染等优点成为21世纪最具竞争力的新型光源。随着LED光通量及光效的不断提高，LED在照明领域的应用也越来越广泛。然而，LED芯片的表面出光为兰伯特(Lambertian)分布，本身的出光角度只有120度，无法直接应用于照明系统，只有通过对其合理的二次配光才能满足不同的照明需求。LED (Light Emitting Diode) has become the most competitive new light source in the 21st century due to its advantages of high efficiency, pure light color, low energy consumption, long life, and no pollution. With the continuous improvement of LED luminous flux and luminous efficiency, the application of LED in the field of lighting is becoming more and more extensive. However, the light emitted from the surface of the LED chip has a Lambertian distribution, and its own light emission angle is only 120 degrees, which cannot be directly applied to the lighting system. Only through a reasonable secondary light distribution can it meet different lighting requirements.
目前，市场上对LED光源的二次配光设计以投射型反射器和透镜为主，由于其配光光束角小于180度而只能实现单一表面的平面式投射式照明，不能实现整个空间的立体式照明，若用于室内灯具上很容易形成墙角或天花板照明暗区，严重影响人体的眼睛舒适度。At present, the secondary light distribution design of LED light sources on the market is mainly based on projection reflectors and lenses. Because the light distribution beam angle is less than 180 degrees, it can only realize the planar projection lighting of a single surface, and cannot realize the lighting of the entire space. Stereo lighting, if used in indoor lamps and lanterns, is easy to form a corner or ceiling lighting dark area, which seriously affects the comfort of human eyes.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点，针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种全周光配光透镜的设计方法及相应的配光透镜、In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a design method of a full-circumference light distribution lens and a corresponding light distribution lens,
本发明解决的技术问题是：采用阶梯环圆形台自由曲面透镜代替现有技术中的投射型反射器或者透镜，实现了光束角大于180度的全周光配光设计。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to use a step ring circular platform free-form surface lens to replace the projection reflector or lens in the prior art, so as to realize the light distribution design with a beam angle greater than 180 degrees.
为实现上述目标及其他相关目标，本发明提供一种全周光配光透镜的设计方法，包括如下步骤：In order to achieve the above goals and other related goals, the present invention provides a method for designing a full-circumference light distribution lens, which includes the following steps:
步骤1：设置多条LED圈带以及环绕于LED圈带的二次配光透镜；Step 1: Set up multiple LED rings and secondary light distribution lenses surrounding the LED rings;
每条LED圈带均主要由在一平面内环形排列的LED光源构成；Each LED strip is mainly composed of LED light sources arranged circularly in a plane;
所述多条LED圈带的包络面为一圆台侧面；The enveloping surface of the plurality of LED strips is the side surface of a circular table;
所述二次配光透镜形成的配光曲线分隔为与LED圈带数量相等的多个部分，所述多个部分与所述多个LED圈带一一对应；The light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens is divided into a plurality of parts equal to the number of LED bands, and the plurality of parts correspond to the plurality of LED bands one by one;
部分配光曲线的配光角度小于180度，部分配光曲线的配光角度大于等于180度，各部分配光曲线所包含光通量比例等于各LED圈带的总光通比例；The light distribution angle of some light distribution curves is less than 180 degrees, the light distribution angle of some light distribution curves is greater than or equal to 180 degrees, and the luminous flux ratio contained in each part of the light distribution curve is equal to the total luminous flux ratio of each LED ring;
步骤2：以任意一条LED圈带的光轴平面作为入射面，在所述入射面上，将光轴一侧的LED圈带的光源角度等分为N个小角，其中N≥4，即各光源角度按相等的角度间隔进行分配；Step 2: Take the optical axis plane of any LED band as the incident surface, and on the incident plane, divide the light source angle of the LED band on one side of the optical axis into N small angles, where N≥4, that is, each Light source angles are distributed at equal angular intervals;
步骤3：将步骤1分隔好的配光曲线分为N个小段，N段配光曲线中的每段对应的光通量均与步骤2分配的光源角度光通量相等；Step 3: Divide the light distribution curve separated in step 1 into N segments, and the luminous flux corresponding to each segment in the N segment light distribution curve is equal to the light source angular luminous flux allocated in step 2;
步骤4：将所述N个小角与所述配光曲线N个小段一一对应；Step 4: Corresponding the N small angles to the N small segments of the light distribution curve;
步骤5：以所述N个小段中的边缘小段作为起始被照小段，以边缘点为起始被照点，即对应所述N个小角中的一个小角；Step 5: taking the edge segment in the N segments as the initial illuminated segment, and the edge point as the initial illuminated point, which corresponds to one of the N small angles;
步骤6：求出每条LED圈带所对应的两条连续曲线；Step 6: Find two continuous curves corresponding to each LED band;
步骤7：将各条LED圈带所对应的两条连续曲线依次首尾连接形成一个封闭的曲线，然后将所述封闭的曲线绕LED圈带的LED光源的排列中心轴线旋转，形成全周光配光透镜的立体形状；Step 7: Connect the two continuous curves corresponding to each LED ring strip end to end to form a closed curve, and then rotate the closed curve around the central axis of the arrangement of the LED light sources of the LED ring strips to form a full-circumference light distribution The three-dimensional shape of the optical lens;
其中，所述步骤6包括如下步骤：Wherein, said step 6 includes the following steps:
步骤6.1：根据全周光配光透镜的透镜入光面离开光源的距离要求，在与起始被照点对应的入射光线上取一点作为所述透镜入光面上的第一特征点，在该入光面上的第一特征点处，平行于LED光源与起始被照点连线的直线同入射光线形成一夹角，为二次配光透镜的起始光线偏折角，将所述起始光线偏折角分成第一偏折角和第二偏折角，第一偏折角和第二偏折角的角分线作为入射光线经过所述透镜入光面后的折射线，通过折射定律以及对应所述N个小角中的一个小角，求出与入光面上的第一特征点相邻的入光面上的第二特征点，该入光面上的第二特征点对应与起始被照点相邻的第二被照点；Step 6.1: According to the requirement of the distance between the light incident surface of the full-circumference light distribution lens and the light source, take a point on the incident ray corresponding to the initial illuminated point as the first feature point on the light incident surface of the lens, and At the first feature point on the light incident surface, a straight line parallel to the line connecting the LED light source and the initial illuminated point forms an included angle with the incident light, which is the initial light deflection angle of the secondary light distribution lens. The deflection angle of the initial light is divided into a first deflection angle and a second deflection angle, and the angle subdivision of the first deflection angle and the second deflection angle is used as the refraction line after the incident light passes through the light incident surface of the lens, through the law of refraction and the corresponding One of the above N small angles is used to obtain the second feature point on the light incident surface adjacent to the first feature point on the light incident surface, and the second feature point on the light incident surface corresponds to the initial illuminated The second illuminated point adjacent to the point;
步骤6.2：针对N个小段中的每一个小段执行步骤6.1，依次求出N个小段中的各个被照点所对应的透镜入光面上的各特征点的位置；Step 6.2: Execute step 6.1 for each of the N subsections, and sequentially obtain the position of each feature point on the incident surface of the lens corresponding to each illuminated point in the N subsections;
步骤6.3：在经过所述透镜入光面上的第一特征点后的折射线上，根据二次配光透镜的透镜厚度要求取一点，作为全周光配光透镜的透镜出光面上的第一特征点，采用如下方式，求出透镜出光面上的各特征点的位置：步骤i1：在该出光面上的第一特征点处，平行于LED光源与起始被照点连线的直线同入射光线形成一夹角，为二次配光透镜的起始光线偏折角，将所述起始光线偏折角分成第一偏折角和第二偏折角，第一偏折角和第二偏折角的角分线作为入射光线经过所述透镜出光面后的折射线，通过折射定律以及对应所述N个小角中的一个小角，求出与出光面上的第一特征点相邻的出光面上的第二特征点，该出光面上的第二特征点对应与起始被照点相邻的第二被照点；步骤i2：针对N个小段中的每一个小段执行步骤i1，依次求出N个小段中的各个被照点所对应的透镜出光面上的各特征点的位置；Step 6.3: On the refraction line passing through the first feature point on the light incident surface of the lens, according to the lens thickness requirements of the secondary light distribution lens, take a point as the second point on the light exit surface of the full peripheral light distribution lens. A feature point, use the following method to obtain the position of each feature point on the light-emitting surface of the lens: Step i1: At the first feature point on the light-emitting surface, a straight line parallel to the line connecting the LED light source and the initial illuminated point An included angle is formed with the incident light, which is the initial light deflection angle of the secondary light distribution lens, and the initial light deflection angle is divided into a first deflection angle and a second deflection angle, the first deflection angle and the second deflection angle The angle sub-line is used as the refraction line of the incident light after passing through the light-emitting surface of the lens, and the angle on the light-emitting surface adjacent to the first feature point on the light-emitting surface is obtained by the law of refraction and corresponding to one of the N small angles. The second feature point, the second feature point on the light-emitting surface corresponds to the second illuminated point adjacent to the initial illuminated point; step i2: execute step i1 for each of the N small segments, and sequentially calculate N The position of each feature point on the light-emitting surface of the lens corresponding to each illuminated point in each small segment;
步骤6.4：将所述透镜入光面上的各特征点依次连接，将所述透镜出光面上的各特征点依次连接，形成两条连续曲线。Step 6.4: connecting the characteristic points on the light incident surface of the lens in sequence, and connecting the characteristic points on the light emitting surface of the lens in sequence to form two continuous curves.
可选的，所述各特征点依次用直线或平滑曲线连接起来。Optionally, the feature points are sequentially connected by straight lines or smooth curves.
可选的，所述通过折射定律以及对应所述N个小角中的一个小角，求出与入光面上的第一特征点相邻的入光面上的第二特征点，包括：确定第一特征点的法线，垂直于该法线的直线与所述的入光面形成一交线，该交线与所述小角的角边的交点分别为所述第一特征点和第二特征点；其中，所述确定起始征点的法线，包括：通过该第一特征点入射光线方向求出该第一特征点的入射向量Nin；通过该第一特征点的折射光线方向求出该特征点的折射向量Nrefract；通过折射定律的如下向量表达式就可以求出各特征点的法向量：Nf＝n*Nrefract–n0*Nin；其中Nf为该特征点的法向量，n为折射光线所在介质折射率，n0为入射光线所在介质折射率。Optionally, calculating the second feature point on the light incident surface adjacent to the first feature point on the light incident surface by using the law of refraction and corresponding to one of the N small angles includes: determining the first The normal line of a feature point, the straight line perpendicular to the normal line forms an intersection line with the light incident surface, and the intersection points of the intersection line and the corner sides of the small corner are the first feature point and the second feature point respectively. point; wherein, the determination of the normal of the initial feature point includes: obtaining the incident vector Nin of the first feature point through the incident ray direction of the first feature point; The refraction vector Nrefract of the feature point; the normal vector of each feature point can be obtained by the following vector expression of the law of refraction: Nf=n*Nrefract–n0*Nin; where Nf is the normal vector of the feature point, and n is refraction The refractive index of the medium where the ray is located, n0 is the refractive index of the medium where the incident ray is located.
可选的，所述LED圈带的数量为2条，所述二次配光透镜形成的配光曲线分隔为2个部分，其中，一部分配光曲线的配光角度小于180度，另一部分配光曲线的配光角度大于等于180度。Optionally, the number of LED circles is 2, and the light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens is divided into two parts, wherein, the light distribution angle of one part of the light distribution curve is less than 180 degrees, and the other part is divided into two parts. The light distribution angle of the light curve is greater than or equal to 180 degrees.
为实现上述目标及其他相关目标，本发明提供一种全周光配光透镜，所述配光透镜是根据上述任一种的全周光配光透镜的设计方法制造得到的。In order to achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides an omnidirectional light distribution lens, which is manufactured according to any one of the above-mentioned omnidirectional light distribution lens design methods.
可选的，所述全周光配光透镜的中间带有通孔。Optionally, there is a through hole in the middle of the omnidirectional light distribution lens.
为实现上述目标及其他相关目标，本发明提供一种全周光配光透镜，包括：环绕于多个环形的LED圈带所设置的二次配光透镜，其对应各所述LED圈带的包络面为一圆台侧面；其中，各所述LED圈带是分别由LED光源在不同水平面上排列成的，并且以一定的圆锥角度在立体空间形成环形堆叠的三维排列形式，对应的，所述二次配光透镜为阶梯状圆台形的自由曲面透镜；所述二次配光透镜形成的配光曲线分隔为与LED圈带数量相等的多个部分，所述多个部分与所述多个LED圈带一一对应；其中，部分所述配光曲线的配光角度小于180度，部分所述配光曲线的配光角度大于等于180度，各部分配光曲线所包含光通量比例等于各LED圈带的总光通比例。In order to achieve the above goals and other related goals, the present invention provides a full-circumference light distribution lens, including: a secondary light distribution lens arranged around a plurality of ring-shaped LED rings, which corresponds to the LED rings The enveloping surface is the side of a circular platform; wherein, the LED rings are respectively arranged by LED light sources on different horizontal planes, and form a three-dimensional arrangement of circular stacks in a three-dimensional space at a certain conical angle, correspondingly, the The secondary light distribution lens is a stepped truncated conical free-form surface lens; the light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens is divided into a plurality of parts equal to the number of LED circles, and the plurality of parts are the same as the multiple parts. There is a one-to-one correspondence between LED circles; wherein, the light distribution angle of some of the light distribution curves is less than 180 degrees, and the light distribution angle of some of the light distribution curves is greater than or equal to 180 degrees, and the luminous flux ratio contained in each part of the light distribution curve is equal to that of each LED. The ratio of the total luminous flux of the circle.
可选的，所述LED圈带的数量为2条，所述二次配光透镜形成的配光曲线分隔为2个部分，其中，一部分配光曲线的配光角度小于180度，另一部分配光曲线的配光角度大于等于180度。Optionally, the number of LED circles is 2, and the light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens is divided into two parts, wherein, the light distribution angle of one part of the light distribution curve is less than 180 degrees, and the other part is divided into two parts. The light distribution angle of the light curve is greater than or equal to 180 degrees.
可选的，所述全周光配光透镜是由一个封闭的曲线绕LED圈带的LED光源的排列中心轴线旋转所形成的结构，在每条LED圈带的配光曲线中，每条LED圈带对应有两条连续曲线，所述封闭曲线是由各条LED圈带所对应的两条连续曲线依次首尾连接形成。Optionally, the full-circumference light distribution lens is a structure formed by a closed curve rotating around the central axis of the arrangement of the LED light sources in the LED circle. In the light distribution curve of each LED circle, each LED There are two continuous curves corresponding to the circle, and the closed curve is formed by connecting the two continuous curves corresponding to each LED circle sequentially.
可选的，所述每条LED圈带对应的两条连续曲线中，一条位于所述全周光配光透镜的入光面，另一条位于所述全周光配光透镜的出光面，各条位于入光面的连续曲线及各条位于出光面的连续曲线之间的两两连接形成所述封闭曲线。Optionally, among the two continuous curves corresponding to each of the LED bands, one is located on the light incident surface of the full-circumference light distribution lens, and the other is located on the light-emitting surface of the full-circumference light distribution lens. The closed curve is formed by two-to-two connections between the continuous curves located on the light incident surface and the continuous curves located on the light exit surface.
可选的，所述全周光配光透镜的中间带有通孔。Optionally, there is a through hole in the middle of the omnidirectional light distribution lens.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)可实现大于180度的全周光配光照明；(1) It can realize full-circumference light distribution lighting greater than 180 degrees;
(2)采用计算特征点确定透镜曲面的办法可以更加准确快速地确定透镜内外表面形状；(2) The method of calculating the characteristic points to determine the lens surface can determine the shape of the inner and outer surfaces of the lens more accurately and quickly;
(3)采用整体透镜配光的形式，避免了单体透镜装配对配光的影响。(3) The light distribution of the whole lens is adopted, which avoids the influence of the single lens assembly on the light distribution.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为传统投射式透镜外形图；Figure 1 is an outline drawing of a traditional projection lens;
图2为本发明的全周光配光系统整体结构图；Fig. 2 is the overall structural diagram of the omnidirectional light distribution system of the present invention;
图3为本发明的全周光配光透镜配光曲线分割图；Fig. 3 is the segmentation diagram of the light distribution curve of the omnidirectional light distribution lens of the present invention;
图4为本发明的在入射面上划分小角的方法示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the method for dividing small angles on the incident surface of the present invention;
图5为本发明的确定透镜表面上各特征点并依次连接的示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of determining each feature point on the surface of the lens and connecting them in turn according to the present invention;
图6为本发明的实施例1阶梯状圆台形透镜截面图示；6 is a cross-sectional diagram of a stepped truncated conical lens according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图7为本发明的实施例1阶梯状圆台形自由曲面透镜外形图；7 is an outline view of a stepped truncated conical free-form surface lens according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图8为本发明的实施例2阶梯状圆台形透镜截面图示；8 is a cross-sectional illustration of a stepped truncated conical lens according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
图9为本发明的实施例2阶梯状圆台形自由曲面透镜外形图。FIG. 9 is an outline view of a stepped truncated conical free-form surface lens according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Embodiments of the present invention are described below through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation modes, and various modifications or changes can be made to the details in this specification based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明旨在构造一种可实现大于180度全周光配光的配光方法。该配光方法包括环形排列的LED光源1以及二次配光透镜2；如图2所示。所述LED光源1在不同水平面上排列成多个环形的圈带，并且以一定的圆锥角度在立体空间形成环形堆叠的三维排列形式；所述二次配光透镜2为阶梯状圆台形。阶梯状圆形台自由曲面透镜(如图2)，其设计步骤如下：The invention aims at constructing a light distribution method capable of realizing full-circle light distribution greater than 180 degrees. The light distribution method includes a ring-arranged LED light source 1 and a secondary light distribution lens 2; as shown in FIG. 2 . The LED light sources 1 are arranged in multiple ring-shaped bands on different horizontal planes, and form a three-dimensional array of ring-shaped stacks in a three-dimensional space at a certain conical angle; the secondary light distribution lens 2 is in the shape of a stepped cone. Step-shaped circular platform free-form surface lens (as shown in Figure 2), the design steps are as follows:
a)跟据LED光源的圈带数目，将二次配光透镜2形成的配光曲线分隔为相等数量的多个部分。例如图2中LED光源排列成2个环形的圈带，则二次配光透镜2形成的配光曲线也分隔为两个部分，其中，一部分配光曲线的配光角度小于180度，另一部分配光曲线的配光角度大于等于180度，当配光曲线分成3个以上的部分时，这三个部分的配光角度可以进行任意分配，只要保证与LED圈带能量守恒的原则即可。如图3所示，L1表示小于180度的配光部分，L2表示大于180度的配光部分)，并且这两部分配光曲线所包含光通量比例等于各圈带LED光源的总光通比例，透镜的设计将针对分隔好的各部分配光曲线进行分别设计；a) Divide the light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens 2 into a plurality of equal parts according to the number of zones of the LED light source. For example, in Fig. 2, the LED light sources are arranged into two annular rings, and the light distribution curve formed by the secondary light distribution lens 2 is also divided into two parts, wherein, the light distribution angle of one part of the light distribution curve is less than 180 degrees, and the other part The light distribution angle of the light distribution curve is greater than or equal to 180 degrees. When the light distribution curve is divided into more than 3 parts, the light distribution angles of these three parts can be allocated arbitrarily, as long as the principle of energy conservation with the LED ring is guaranteed. As shown in Figure 3, L1 represents the light distribution part less than 180 degrees, and L2 represents the light distribution part greater than 180 degrees), and the luminous flux ratio contained in the two parts of the light distribution curve is equal to the total luminous flux ratio of each ring with LED light source, The design of the lens will be designed separately for the separated light distribution curves of each part;
b)以任意一条环形LED光源构成LED光源圈带的光轴平面作为入射面，在所述入射面上，将光轴一侧的光源角度等分为N个小角，其中N≥4,即各光源角度是按相等的角度间隔进行分配。为使图形清晰，本实施例取N＝4，即划分为4个小角，分别为ɑ1、ɑ2、ɑ3、ɑ4，如图4所示；b) Take any ring-shaped LED light source to form the optical axis plane of the LED light source belt as the incident surface, and on the incident surface, divide the light source angle on one side of the optical axis into N small angles, where N≥4, that is, each Light source angles are assigned at equal angular intervals. In order to make the figure clear, this embodiment takes N=4, that is, it is divided into 4 small corners, namely ɑ1, ɑ2, ɑ3, and ɑ4, as shown in Figure 4;
c)将步骤a)分隔好的配光曲线(即光强随发光角度的分布)分为4个小段，分别为ab，bc，cd，及de；4段配光曲线中的每段对应的光通量与步骤b)分隔的每个光源角度光通量相等；c) Divide the light distribution curve (that is, the distribution of light intensity with the luminous angle) separated in step a) into 4 subsections, namely ab, bc, cd, and de; each of the 4 sections of light distribution curve corresponds to The luminous flux is equal to the angular luminous flux of each light source separated by step b);
d)将所述LED光源圈带的4个小角与所述配光曲线4个小段一一对应；d) Corresponding the 4 small angles of the LED light source band to the 4 small segments of the light distribution curve;
e)以所述ab小段作为起始被照小段，以a点为起始被照点，则ab段对应的小角为ɑ1，根据透镜入光面201离开光源的距离要求，在与a点对应的入射光线上取一点1a作为透镜入光面上的起始特征点，在该起始特征点处，平行于光源与起始被照点a的连线的直线同入射光线形成一夹角β1，为透镜的起始光线偏折角，将所述起始光线偏折角β1分成第一偏折角β11和第二偏折角β12，两个偏折角大小比例可以为任意，本实施例取β11：β12＝1：1，角分线作为入射光线经过入光面(透镜的入光面201和出光面202分别指透镜的内表面和外表面)的起始特征点1a后的折射线，通过折射定律，确定1a点的法线n1，垂直于法线n1的直线与所述的光线入射面形成一交线，该交线与小角ɑ1的角边的交点分别为1a和1b，1b点即作为第二特征点，在第二被照小段bc上，取b点为第二被照点，则b点对应了该第二特征点1b。由上面的方法可知，只要求出各征点的法线就能求出各个特征点----各特征点法线的具体求解方法如下：1、通过该特征点入射光线方向求出该特征点的入射向量Nin；2、通过该特征点的折射光线方向求出该特征点的折射向量Nrefract；3、通过折射定律的如下向量表达式就可以求出各特征点的法向量：Nf＝n*Nrefract–n0*Nin；其中Nf为该特征点的法向量，n为折射光线所在介质折射率，n0为入射光线所在介质折射率。e) Take the ab segment as the initial illuminated segment and point a as the initial illuminated point, then the small angle corresponding to the ab segment is ɑ1. Take a point 1a on the incident ray of the lens as the initial feature point on the light incident surface of the lens. At this initial feature point, a straight line parallel to the line connecting the light source and the initial illuminated point a forms an angle β1 with the incident ray , is the initial light deflection angle of the lens. The initial light deflection angle β1 is divided into a first deflection angle β11 and a second deflection angle β12. The ratio of the two deflection angles can be arbitrary. In this embodiment, β11: β12= 1:1, the angle line is used as the refraction line after the incident light passes through the light incident surface (the light incident surface 201 and the light exit surface 202 of the lens refer to the inner surface and the outer surface of the lens respectively) after the initial characteristic point 1a, through the law of refraction, Determine the normal line n1 of point 1a, the straight line perpendicular to the normal line n1 forms an intersection line with the light incident surface, the intersection points of the intersection line and the corner sides of the small angle ɑ1 are respectively 1a and 1b, and point 1b is the second The feature point, on the second illuminated segment bc, point b is taken as the second illuminated point, then point b corresponds to the second feature point 1b. It can be seen from the above method that each feature point can be obtained by only asking for the normal of each feature point—the specific solution method for the normal of each feature point is as follows: 1. Calculate the feature through the incident light direction of the feature point The incident vector Nin of the point; 2. Obtain the refraction vector Nrefract of the feature point through the refraction light direction of the feature point; 3. The normal vector of each feature point can be obtained by the following vector expression of the law of refraction: Nf=n *Nrefract–n0*Nin; where Nf is the normal vector of the feature point, n is the refractive index of the medium where the refracted light is located, and n0 is the refractive index of the medium where the incident light is located.
f)同上一步骤，依次求出4个小段中的各个被照点c，d，及e所对应的透镜入光面201上的各特征点1c，1d，及1e的位置；f) Same as the previous step, successively obtain each illuminated point c, d, and the position of each feature point 1c, 1d, and 1e on the light incident surface 201 of the lens corresponding to e in the 4 subsections;
g)在经过所述透镜入光面201上的起始特征点1a后的折射线上，根据透镜厚度要求取一点2a，作为透镜出光面202上的起始特征点，采用与得到入光面上的特征点类似的方法，求出透镜出光面202上的各特征点的位置；g) On the refraction line passing through the initial feature point 1a on the light incident surface 201 of the lens, take a point 2a according to the lens thickness requirement as the initial feature point on the light exit surface 202 of the lens, and adopt and obtain the light incident surface The method similar to the feature points on the lens is used to obtain the position of each feature point on the light-emitting surface 202 of the lens;
如图5所示，具体为：As shown in Figure 5, specifically:
根据全周光配光透镜厚度的要求，在经过入光面上的起始特征点1a后的折射线上取一点2a作为出光面202上的起始特征点，以该折射线作为透镜出光面202的入射线，以在该2a点平行于被照点a与光源的连线的直线为透镜出光面202的折射线，该入射线和折射线方向即为图示的第二偏折角β12的两个角边方向，采用与确定入光面的特征点完全相同的方法，依次求得第二面上的特征点2b、2c、2d、2e的位置。According to the requirement of the thickness of the full-circumference light distribution lens, a point 2a is taken on the refraction line passing through the initial feature point 1a on the light incident surface as the initial feature point on the light exit surface 202, and the refraction line is used as the light exit surface of the lens For the incident ray of 202, the straight line parallel to the line connecting the illuminated point a and the light source at point 2a is the refraction line of the light-emitting surface 202 of the lens. The direction of the incident ray and the refraction line is the second deflection angle β12 shown For the two corner and edge directions, the positions of the feature points 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e on the second surface are sequentially obtained using the same method as that used to determine the feature points on the light incident surface.
h)将所述的入光面201和出光面202上的各特征点依次连接，分别形成两条连续曲线；h) connecting the feature points on the light incident surface 201 and the light exit surface 202 in sequence to form two continuous curves;
i)同以上步骤，求出另一条圈带LED光源构成LED光源环带所对应的两条连续曲线203和204；i) With the above steps, find another two continuous curves 203 and 204 corresponding to the LED light source annular band formed by another ring band LED light source;
j)将所述四条曲线两两连接形成一个封闭的曲线，绕圈带光源的排列中心轴线205旋转，形成透镜的立体形状，如图6及图7所示。j) Connect the four curves two by two to form a closed curve, and rotate around the central axis 205 of the array with the light source to form a three-dimensional shape of the lens, as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 .
本发明的另一种实施方式，为了达到更好的散热效果，配合中间带通孔的灯座使用，透镜还可以设计为中间带通孔的形状，在设计时，全周光配光透镜的光学设计原理同第一实施例的方法，只是从中央带通孔的位置边缘开始设计，求出光学曲线，然后连接起来，再绕中心轴线旋转，形成透镜的立体开关，如图8、图9所示。上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve a better heat dissipation effect, the lens can also be designed as a shape with a through hole in the middle when used with a lamp holder with a through hole in the middle. The principle of optical design is the same as the method of the first embodiment, except that the design starts from the edge of the position with a through hole in the center, obtains the optical curve, then connects them, and then rotates around the central axis to form a three-dimensional switch of the lens, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown. The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510079233.XACN104613416B (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-13 | The design method of all-round smooth light-distribution lens and corresponding light-distribution lens |
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| CN201510079233.XACN104613416B (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-13 | The design method of all-round smooth light-distribution lens and corresponding light-distribution lens |
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| CN104613416A CN104613416A (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| CN104613416Btrue CN104613416B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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| CN201410491119.3APendingCN104296071A (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-09-23 | Method for designing full-periphery light distribution lens and corresponding light-distribution lens |
| CN201510079233.XAActiveCN104613416B (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-13 | The design method of all-round smooth light-distribution lens and corresponding light-distribution lens |
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| CN201410491119.3APendingCN104296071A (en) | 2014-09-23 | 2014-09-23 | Method for designing full-periphery light distribution lens and corresponding light-distribution lens |
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