A kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction methodTechnical field
The invention belongs to oil natural gas drilling technology field, be specifically related to a kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method.
Background technology
In petroleum gas technical field, in order to improve reservoir development degree, save well site land area, protection environment andReduce drilling cost, sometimes carry out three-dimensional well rail drill well construction, during platform cluster horizontal well is disposed, in order toImproving individual well draining (gas) area, each individual well horizontal segment is parallel to each other, and this is accomplished by carrying out three-dimensional well track construction,Difficulty of construction is big.And for the oil gas of effluent runner formation of deposits as DaNiuDi gas field, oil field, Red River and Jing He oil fieldField, reservoir heterogeneity is strong, and A target spot accurately lands difficulty, and its difficulty of construction is the most extremely difficult.
At present the successful construction method of a set of comparison also be there is no for heterogeneous reservoir horizontal well three-dimensional borehole track, be mostlyWith the experience of on-the-spot drilling engineer, it is mainly manifested in several aspect: (1) borehole track is usually according to inclined plane method or circlePost helical method designs, and tool face azimuth is in real time in change, and pendulum tool-face consumes plenty of time and energy；(2) instrument deflectingRate is continually changing along with the change of hole angle, it is necessary to often adjust instrument build angle rate, makes a trip often, drilling well timelinessLow, easily there is borehole well instability；(3) due to the anisotropism of reservoir, " feel unsure of " in landing mission, constructedJourney has blindness, is easily caused and misses the target；(4) in kickoff point (KOP) orientation work progress, directional bearing is typically based on experienceValue, causes extreme difficulties to follow-up three-dimensional orientation of turning round.
From the point of view of North China branch company Ordos Basin drilling practice, use at present traditional third generation deviating and directing instrument systemUnited construction well depth about the 2500m of heterogeneous reservoir horizontal well three-dimensional borehole track, extended horizontal depth 600～800m,Substantially needing more than 30 days, the engineering time is long, and construction work amount is big；Use forth generation orientation system, i.e. rotary steeringWell system, construction realizes real-time inspection and control, and the engineering time is short, but only this every day, construction expended more than 20 ten thousand yuan,Cost is high, is unfavorable for that oil field at home oil (gas) drilling well is actually used, and uses third generation phasing tools system, every dayExpending orientation day and be only about 20,000 yuan, only about 1/10th of forth generation orientation system, therefore research card develops onePlant and use conventional drilling equipment.The three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of tradition directional orientation tool system, natural to China's oilThe development of the production technique of gas is significant.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one fixed based on conventional drilling equipment, traditionTo the three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of tool system, it is achieved construct safely and fast, save construction work amount, improve timeBetween utilization rate, and the most cost-effective, enter under subsequent casings, completion pressure break and recover the oil qualified well is provided.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method, including following operating procedure:
1) straight well section drilling well；
2) deviated directional drilling section drilling well, its sequence of construction is: first paragraph two dimension build section drilling well, second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angleVariable-azimuth well section drilling well, the 3rd section of two dimension steady lower curved section drilling well, the 4th section of two-dimentional build section drilling well；Wherein second segment threeDimension increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section drilling well build angle rate, first paragraph two dimension build section drilling well build angle rate, the 4th section of two-dimentional build sectionBuild angle rate is the most identical；Second segment increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section is turned round tool face azimuth, orientation and is remained constant；
3) orientation horizontal segment drilling well.
The outside diameter a size of 311.2mm that described straight well section wellbore construction uses.
The outside diameter a size of 215.9mm that described deviated directional drilling section wellbore construction and orientation horizontal segment wellbore construction use.
Often creep into during described deviated directional drilling section wellbore construction 100～150m short next time, circulating fluid, untilReturn out landwaste content less than 0.2%.
Often creep into during described orientation horizontal segment wellbore construction 200～250m short next time, circulating fluid, untilReturn out landwaste content less than 0.2%.
During described first paragraph two dimension increasing hole angle section wellbore construction, according to initial drift azimuth and the tool-face angle swing instrument of designFace, controls drill speed than screw speed big 45～55r/min, and discharge capacity is 29～31L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 2～4 tons, creeps into 1After post, increasing the pressure of the drill is 14～16 tons, stops boring to two dimension borehole track maximum hole angle until creeping into, maximum hole angleControl between 10～45 °.
Described first paragraph two dimension increasing hole angle section wellbore construction uses the mode that oriented sliding drilling well combines with combined drilling.
During described second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section wellbore construction, according to design tool face angle swing tool-face, control to boreHead rotating ratio screw speed big 35～45r/min, discharge capacity is 28～30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 14～16 tons, creeps into turning round orientationTerminating, at the end of turning round orientation, maximum hole angle is between 45～85 °.
Further, during the construction of described second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section, a deviational survey is often crept into once.
During described 3rd section of two-dimentional steady tilted section wellbore construction, control drill speed than screw speed big 50～60r/min, discharge capacityIt is 30～33L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 14～16 tons.
During described 3rd section of two-dimentional steady tilted section wellbore construction, according to the First terminal point of logging data real-time estimate borehole trackVertical depth changes, and determines steady tilted section segment length, carries out steady tilted section wellbore construction.
During described 4th section of two-dimentional increasing hole angle section wellbore construction, control drill speed than screw speed big 45～55r/min, discharge capacityBeing 28～30L/s, add the pressure of the drill 6～8 tons, until at borehole track A target spot, error control is vertical skew 0～1 meter, horizontalOffset 0～10 meter.
Described A target spot is the level segment start point of borehole track.
Described straight well section drilling well include following operating procedure:
1) dig deep 2.5～3m, the round well of diameter 2～2.5m, under enter a circular metal bucket, annular space sealing；
2) the top drilling well of straight well section is carried out；
3) straight well pars infrasegmentalis drilling well is carried out.
Described circular metal bucket internal diameter is at least bigger 0.3m than well control equipment external diameter.
During described straight well section top wellbore construction, controlling drill speed is 90～95r/min, and discharge capacity is 40L/s, adds the pressure of the drill2～4 tons, creeping into one and offer meter well depth, stop creeping into, well-flushing, layer sleeve pipe stays 0.5～1m pocket and carries out solidWell construction, cementing operation terminates rear Hou Ning 8～13h.
Described one opens as the top drilling well of straight well section.
Above-mentioned well-flushing maintains wellbore stability for adding weighted cement, and circulation well cleanup is to returning out without obvious granule.
During described straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction, controlling drill speed 55r/min bigger than screw speed, discharge capacity is30～35L/s, bore cement and control, at 2～3 tons, to treat that drill collar or heavy weight drill pipe all enter new stratum with the pressure of the drill during the interface of stratumRear the pressure of the drill controls at 6～8 tons, until kickoff point (KOP).
Further, during above-mentioned straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction, each post tilts once, if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement existIn design claimed range, continuation drilling well, to kickoff point (KOP), if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement be not in design claimed range, is enteredRow well straightening drilling well is to kickoff point (KOP).
Described orientation horizontal segment wellbore construction is straight for being oriented two-dimensional level section wellbore construction from borehole track First terminal pointTo borehole track the second terminal, controlling drill speed than screw speed big 40～45r/min, discharge capacity is 28～30L/s, adds brillPressing 6～8 tons, well track dog-leg severity is less than 3 °/30m；Control drilling fluid dehydration ＜ 5ml, drilling liquid flow sex indexBeing 0.4～0.7, ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity is 0.36～0.55, coefficient of viscosity ＜ 0.06.
BHA used in above-mentioned work progress be PDC drill bit+single bend PDM+non magnetic drill collar+measurement while drilling instrument+Centralizer+drill collar+heavy weight drill pipe+common drilling rod.
Described PDC drill bit wing >=5；Centralizer external diameter relatively outside diameter is to when young 3mm；Drilling rod and heavy weight drill pipe are newDegree for one-level and more than.
Three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of the present invention, deviated directional drilling section uses four sections of systems, second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuthWell section drilling well build angle rate, first paragraph two dimension build section drilling well build angle rate, the 4th section of two-dimentional build section build angle rate are the most identical,During overcoming conventional construction method, build angle rate is continually changing, it is necessary to often adjusts instrument build angle rate, makes a trip oftenTechnological deficiency；Meanwhile, second segment increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section is turned round tool face azimuth, orientation and is remained constant, it is to avoid pendulum workThe time of tool face consuming and construction work amount.Construction method of the present invention, drilling well and orientation easy construction, improve heterogeneous bodyTarget probability in reservoir, uses traditional drilling tool equipment, can complete construction at about 20 days, be greatly improvedEfficiency of construction, reduces difficulty of construction, can save construction and expend 70～900,000 yuan, substantial saving in cost, be suitable to realityProduction and application.
Three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of the present invention, is particularly suited for horizontal segment and uses Ф 81/2 " two grades of well bores knotStructure three-dimensional horizontal well construction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical planing surface schematic diagram of embodiment 1 borehole track；
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 and conventional two-dimensional level well rate of penetration comparison diagram；
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 and conventional two-dimensional level well drilling period comparison diagram；
Fig. 4 is the present embodiment 1 drilling period scattergram.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment, with Jing He oil field a bite heterogeneous reservoir three-dimensional horizontal well for construction object, uses ZJ40 rig, nothingTop is driven, the vertical planing surface figure of borehole track as it is shown in figure 1, wherein A target spot be the level segment start point of borehole track；BTarget spot is the end point of borehole track, and BHA is " PDC drill bit+single bend PDM+non magnetic drill collar+measurement while drilling instrument+ centralizer+drill collar+heavy weight drill pipe+common drilling rod ".
The present embodiment three-dimensional horizontal well construction method is: concrete operation step is:
1) correction rotating disk, overhead traveling crane, well head three's central point is on same plumb line, and error is less than 5 millimeters；
2) dig what a deep 2.8 meters, the round well of diameter 3.2 meters, under enter a circular metal bucket, annular space cement concreteCarry out sealing；
3) carrying out one-dimensional straight well section top wellbore construction, outside diameter a size of 311.2mm, controlling drill speed is90～95r/min, discharge capacity is 40L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 2～4 tons, and drilling the 4th is that the soft layer of loess enters diagenesis stratum vertical depth100 meters, well depth 351.6m, stop creeping into and maintaining wellbore stability with weighted mud, circulation well cleanup is until vibrosieve is without brightTill aobvious solid phase particles returns out, setting of casing also carries out cementing operation, and cement slurry 22.1m is used in well cementation3, for slurry 12.9m3,Cement mortar proportion average out to 1.83, cement mortar returns out ground cementing operation to be terminated, and Hou Ning 13 hours, pressure testing is qualified；
4) one-dimensional straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction is carried out, outside diameter a size of 215.9mm, control drill speed and compare spiral shellThe big 55r/min of bar rotating speed, discharge capacity is 30～35L/s, bores cement and controls at 2～3 tons with the pressure of the drill during the interface of stratum, to be drilledAfter quickly fully entering new stratum, the pressure of the drill is at 6～8 tons, each deviational survey once, if hole deviation and horizontal displacement are wanted in designIn the range of asking, continue to creep into kickoff point (KOP), if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement be not in design claimed range, carry out well straighteningCreeping into until kickoff point (KOP), at kickoff point (KOP), hole angle is less than 2 degree, kickoff point (KOP) well depth 929m；
5) the first paragraph two dimension build section wellbore construction of lower curved section it is oriented, outside diameter a size of 215.9mm,According to initial orientation drift azimuth and tool-face angle swing tool-face, tool face azimuth error, within ± 1 degree, then locksRotating disk, spud in well pump, controls drill speed than screw speed big 45～55r/min, and discharge capacity is 29～31L/s, adds the pressure of the drill2～4 tons, after drilling well 1 post, increasing the pressure of the drill is 14～16 tons, uses oriented sliding drilling well to combine with combined drilling, directlyStopping boring to two dimension borehole track maximum hole angle to creeping into, vertical depth 1183.01m, maximum hole angle is 37.75 °.
6) second segment being oriented lower curved section is three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section wellbore construction, first carries out drilling fluid and followsRing removes landwaste, and after termination of pumping, according to design tool face angle swing tool-face, tool face azimuth error, within ± 1 degree, locksRotating disk slipping drilling, build angle rate is identical with second segment two dimension build section, and outside diameter a size of 215.9mm, according to settingMeter tool-face angle swing tool-face, locks rotating disk slipping drilling, controls drill speed than screw speed big 35～45r/min, rowAmount is 28～30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 14～16 tons, often creeps into single stopping and drilled through MWD measurement depth, hole angleAnd azimuth, creep into and terminate to torsion orientation, at the end of turning round orientation, maximum hole angle is 65.13 °, well depth 1522m.
7) the 3rd section that is oriented lower curved section is the steady lower curved section wellbore construction of two dimension, according to logging data real-time estimate AThe vertical depth change of target spot is carried out, and determines steady tilted section segment length 136m, carries out steady tilted section construction, well depth at the end of construction1658.2m；Outside diameter a size of 215.9mm, controls drill speed than screw speed big 50～60r/min, and discharge capacity is30～33L/s, add the pressure of the drill 14～16 tons.
8) the 4th section that is oriented lower curved section is two dimension build section wellbore construction, bit contour a size of 215.9mm,Controlling drill speed than screw speed big 45～55r/min, discharge capacity is 28～30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 6～8 tons, until A targetPoint；Error control is in vertical skew 0～1 meter, crosstrall 0～10 meters, A target spot tiltedly deep 1845m, hole deviation 90.24 °, sideParallactic angle 358.96 °, vertical depth 1476.84m, close away from 596.36m, direction of closure 16.38m, transfer 3.70m, indulgeAway from 0.02m, target center is away from 3.70m.
9) two-dimensional level section wellbore construction is carried out, until creeping into B target spot, pull out of hole, outside diameter a size of 215.9mm,Controlling drill speed than screw speed big 40～45r/min, discharge capacity is 28～30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 6～8 tons；B target spot is obliqueDeep 2604m, vertical depth 1466.23m, horizontal segment length 750m, hole deviation 89.87 °, 0 ° of azimuth, close away from 1332.93m,Advance 0.72m, transfer 0.46m, target center is away from 0.86m；The dog-leg severity of well track is less than 3 °/30m.
Embodiment 1 drilling well time-consuming 21 days to the whole work progress of B target spot, as shown in Figure 4, and uses traditional construction sideThe deep 2280m of a bite drilling well of method construction, the three-dimensional horizontal well of horizontal segment length 550m, engineering time needs 28.5 days, because ofThis compares traditional three-dimensional horizontal well drilling method, and the inventive method shortens drilling period 7.5 days, improves wellbore constructionEfficiency, takes saving 52.5 ten thousand yuan rig day, significantly reduces construction cost.
Contrast river, footpath in 2014 two-dimensional level well well data, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, oil field, river, footpath in 2014 is implementedTwo-dimensional level well average well depth 2160.01m, average rate of penetration 8.87m/h, average drilling period 30.26 days, implementExample 1 is comparing two-dimensional level well many drilling depths 443.99m, and three-dimensional horizontal well construction difficulty relatively two-dimensional level well more feelingsUnder condition, rate of penetration is 11.09m/h, improves 25.03%, and drilling period 21 days shortens 30.60%.
It should be noted last that: above example is only with illustrating and not to restriction technical scheme, although with reference to upperState embodiment the present invention has been described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that；Still can be to thisBright modifying or equivalent, any modification or partial replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, it is equalShould contain in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.