A kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction methodTechnical field
The invention belongs to oil natural gas drilling technology field, be specifically related to a kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method.
Background technology
In petroleum gas technical field; in order to improve reservoir development degree; save well site land area, protection of the environment and reduce drilling cost; sometimes three-dimensional well rail drill well construction is carried out; in platform cluster horizontal well deployment, in order to improve individual well draining (gas) area, each individual well horizontal segment is parallel to each other; this just needs to carry out three-dimensional well track construction, and difficulty of construction is large.And for the oil gas field that the deposition of effluent runner as DaNiuDi gas field, oil field, Red River and Jing He oil field is formed, reservoir heterogeneity is strong, A target spot accurately lands difficulty, and its difficulty of construction is extremely difficult especially.
At present a set of more successful construction method also be there is no for the three-dimensional borehole track of heterogeneous reservoir horizontal well, the experience with on-the-spot drilling engineer mostly, be mainly manifested in several aspect: (1) borehole track is generally according to inclined plane method or cylinder helix method design, tool face azimuth is in real time in change, and pendulum tool-face consumes plenty of time and energy; (2) instrument build angle rate constantly changes along with the change of hole angle, constantly adjusts instrument build angle rate, makes a trip often, drilling well timeliness is low, easily borehole well instability occurs; (3) due to the non-homogeneity of reservoir, " feel unsure of " in landing mission, in work progress, there is blindness, easily cause missing the target; (4) in the directed work progress of kickoff point (KOP), directional bearing generally based on experience value, is turned round orientation to follow-up three-dimensional and is caused extreme difficulties.
From North China branch company Ordos Basin drilling practice, the traditional third generation deviating and directing tool system of current employing completes construction well depth about the 2500m of the three-dimensional borehole track of heterogeneous reservoir horizontal well, extended horizontal depth 600 ~ 800m, roughly need more than 30 days, engineering time is long, and construction works amount is large; Adopt forth generation orientation system, i.e. rotary steerable drilling system, construction realizes real-time inspection and control, and the engineering time is short, but only this every day, construction expended more than 20 ten thousand yuan, cost is high, be unfavorable for the actual use of oil field at home oil (gas) drilling well, and adopt third generation phasing tools system, orientation expended and was only about 20,000 yuan day every day, be only about 1/10th of forth generation orientation system, therefore study card and develop a kind of employing conventional drilling equipment.The three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of tradition directional orientation tool system, is significant to the development of China's oil gas extraction technology.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method based on conventional drilling equipment, traditional directional orientation tool system, realize constructing safely and fast, saving construction works amount, raising time availability, and cost-saving in a large number, enter under subsequent casings, completion pressure break and oil recovery provide qualified well.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method, comprises following operating procedure:
1) straight well section drilling well;
2) deviated directional drilling section drilling well, its sequence of construction is: the drilling well of first paragraph two dimension build section, the drilling well of second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section, the 3rd section of steady lower curved section drilling well of two dimension, the 4th section of two-dimentional build section drilling well; Wherein second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section drilling well build angle rate, first paragraph two dimension build section drilling well build angle rate, the 4th section of two-dimentional build section build angle rate are all identical; Second segment increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section is turned round tool face azimuth, orientation and is remained constant;
3) directed horizontal segment drilling well.
The outside diameter that described straight well section wellbore construction adopts is of a size of 311.2mm.
The outside diameter that described deviated directional drilling section wellbore construction and directed horizontal segment wellbore construction adopt is of a size of 215.9mm.
Short of 100 ~ 150m is often crept into next time, circulating fluid, until return out landwaste content lower than 0.2% in described deviated directional drilling section wellbore construction process.
Short of 200 ~ 250m is often crept into next time, circulating fluid, until return out landwaste content lower than 0.2% in described directed horizontal segment wellbore construction process.
During described first paragraph two dimension increasing hole angle section wellbore construction, according to initial drift azimuth and the tool-face angle swing tool-face of design, control drill speed 45 ~ 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 29 ~ 31L/s, add the pressure of the drill 2 ~ 4 tons, after creeping into 1 post, increasing the pressure of the drill is 14 ~ 16 tons, stop boring until creep into the maximum hole angle place of two-dimentional borehole track, maximum hole angle controls between 10 ~ 45 °.
The mode that described first paragraph two dimension increasing hole angle section wellbore construction adopts oriented sliding drilling well to combine with combined drilling.
During described second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section wellbore construction, according to design tool face angle swing tool-face, control drill speed 35 ~ 45r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, add the pressure of the drill 14 ~ 16 tons, creep into and terminate to turning round orientation, at the end of turning round orientation, maximum hole angle is between 45 ~ 85 °.
Further, during the section construction of described second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well, a deviational survey is often crept into once.
During described 3rd section of two-dimentional steady tilted section wellbore construction, control drill speed 50 ~ 60r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 30 ~ 33L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 14 ~ 16 tons.
During described 3rd section of two-dimentional steady tilted section wellbore construction, the vertical depth according to the First terminal point of logging data real-time estimate borehole track changes, and determines steady tilted section segment length, carries out steady tilted section wellbore construction.
During described 4th section of two-dimentional increasing hole angle section wellbore construction, control drill speed 45 ~ 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 6 ~ 8 tons, until borehole track A target spot place, control errors vertical skew 0 ~ 1 meter, crosstrall 0 ~ 10 meter.
Described A target spot is the horizontal segment starting point of borehole track.
The drilling well of described straight well section comprise following operating procedure:
1) dig the round well of dark 2.5 ~ 3m, diameter 2 ~ 2.5m, under enter a circular metal bucket, annular space sealing;
2) the top drilling well of straight well section is carried out;
3) drilling well of straight well pars infrasegmentalis is carried out.
At least large than the well control equipment external diameter 0.3m of described circular metal bucket internal diameter.
During described straight well section top wellbore construction, control drill speed is 90 ~ 95r/min, and discharge capacity is 40L/s, add the pressure of the drill 2 ~ 4 tons, creep into one and offer meter well depth, stop creeping into, well-flushing, layer sleeve pipe stays 0.5 ~ 1m pocket and carries out cementing operation, and cementing operation terminates rear Hou Ning 8 ~ 13h.
Described one opens as the top drilling well of straight well section.
Above-mentioned well-flushing maintains wellbore stability for adding weighted cement, and circulation well cleanup is to returning out without obvious particle.
During described straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction, control drill speed 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 30 ~ 35L/s, and when brill cement and stratum interface, the pressure of the drill controls at 2 ~ 3 tons, after drill collar or heavy weight drill pipe all enter new stratum, the pressure of the drill controls at 6 ~ 8 tons, until kickoff point (KOP).
Further, during above-mentioned straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction, each post tilts once, if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement are within the scope of designing requirement, continue drilling well to kickoff point (KOP), if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement be not within the scope of designing requirement, carry out well straightening drilling well to kickoff point (KOP).
Described directed horizontal segment wellbore construction is for carry out directed two-dimensional level section wellbore construction until borehole track second terminal from borehole track First terminal point, control drill speed 40 ~ 45r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, add the pressure of the drill 6 ~ 8 tons, well track dog-leg degree is no more than 3 °/30m; Control drilling fluid dehydration < 5ml, drilling liquid flow sex index is 0.4 ~ 0.7, and ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity is 0.36 ~ 0.55, coefficient of viscosity < 0.06.
Drilling assembly used in above-mentioned work progress is PDC drill bit+single bend PDM+non magnetic drill collar+measurement while drilling instrument+centralizer+drill collar+heavy weight drill pipe+common drilling rod.
Described PDC drill bit wing >=5; Centralizer external diameter is outside diameter extremely when young 3mm comparatively; Drilling rod and heavy weight drill pipe newly spend for one-level and more than.
The three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of the present invention, deviated directional drilling section adopts four sections of systems, second segment three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section drilling well build angle rate, first paragraph two dimension build section drilling well build angle rate, the 4th section of two-dimentional build section build angle rate are all identical, overcome build angle rate in conventional construction method process constantly to change, constantly adjust instrument build angle rate, the technological deficiency made a trip often; Meanwhile, second segment increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section is turned round tool face azimuth, orientation and is remained constant, avoids pendulum time of expending of tool-face and construction works amount.Construction method of the present invention, drilling well and directed easy construction, improve target probability in heterogeneous reservoir, adopt traditional drilling tool equipment, construction can be completed at about 20 days, significantly improve efficiency of construction, reduce difficulty of construction, construction can be saved and expend 70 ~ 900,000 yuan, substantial saving in cost, be suitable for actual production and use.
The three-dimensional horizontal well drilling construction method of the present invention, is particularly useful for horizontal segment and adopts Ф 81/2 " the three-dimensional horizontal well construction of secondary casing programme.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical planing surface schematic diagram of embodiment 1 borehole track;
Fig. 2 is embodiment 1 and conventional two-dimensional level well rate of penetration comparison diagram;
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 and conventional two-dimensional level well drilling period comparison diagram;
Fig. 4 is the present embodiment 1 drilling period distribution map.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but does not form any limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is with the three-dimensional horizontal well of Jing He oil field a bite heterogeneous reservoir for construction object, and adopt ZJ40 rig, drive without top, as shown in Figure 1, wherein A target spot is the horizontal segment starting point of borehole track to the vertical planing surface figure of borehole track; B target spot is the end point of borehole track, and drilling assembly is " PDC drill bit+single bend PDM+non magnetic drill collar+measurement while drilling instrument+centralizer+drill collar+heavy weight drill pipe+common drilling rod ".
The three-dimensional horizontal well construction method of the present embodiment is: concrete operation step is:
1) correct rotating disk, overhead traveling crane, well head three central point on same plumb line, error is less than 5 millimeters;
2) dig what a dark 2.8 meters, the round well of diameter 3.2 meters, under enter a circular metal bucket, annular space cement concrete carries out sealing;
3) one dimension straight well section top wellbore construction is carried out, outside diameter is of a size of 311.2mm, control drill speed is 90 ~ 95r/min, and discharge capacity is 40L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 2 ~ 4 tons, drill the soft layer of Quaternary system loess and enter diagenesis stratum vertical depth 100 meters, well depth 351.6m, stop creeping into and maintaining wellbore stability with weighted mud, circulation well cleanup is till vibrosieve returns out without obvious solid phase particles, setting of casing also carries out cementing operation, and cement slurry 22.1m is used in well cementation3, for slurry 12.9m3, cement paste proportion average out to 1.83, cement paste returns out ground cementing operation to be terminated, Hou Ning 13 hours, and pressure testing is qualified;
4) one dimension straight well pars infrasegmentalis wellbore construction is carried out, outside diameter is of a size of 215.9mm, control drill speed 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 30 ~ 35L/s, when brill cement and stratum interface, the pressure of the drill controls at 2 ~ 3 tons, the pressure of the drill is all entered behind new stratum at 6 ~ 8 tons until drill collar, each root deviational survey once, if hole deviation and horizontal movement are within the scope of designing requirement, continue to creep into kickoff point (KOP), if hole deviation and horizontal well displacement be not within the scope of designing requirement, carrying out well straightening creeps into until kickoff point (KOP), kickoff point (KOP) place hole angle is less than 2 degree, kickoff point (KOP) well depth 929m,
5) the first paragraph two dimension build section wellbore construction of deviated directional drilling section is carried out, outside diameter is of a size of 215.9mm, according to initial orientation drift azimuth and tool-face angle swing tool-face, tool face azimuth error is within ± 1 degree, then rotating disk is locked, spud in well pump, control drill speed 45 ~ 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 29 ~ 31L/s, add the pressure of the drill 2 ~ 4 tons, after drilling well 1 post, increasing the pressure of the drill is 14 ~ 16 tons, oriented sliding drilling well is adopted to combine with combined drilling, stop boring until creep into the maximum hole angle place of two-dimentional borehole track, vertical depth 1183.01m, maximum hole angle is 37.75 °.
6) second segment carrying out deviated directional drilling section is three-dimensional increasing hole angle variable-azimuth well section wellbore construction, first carry out circulation of drilling fluid and remove landwaste, after termination of pumping, according to design tool face angle swing tool-face, tool face azimuth error is within ± 1 degree, locking rotating disk slipping drilling, build angle rate is identical with second segment two dimension build section, outside diameter is of a size of 215.9mm, according to design tool face angle swing tool-face, locking rotating disk slipping drilling, control drill speed 35 ~ 45r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, add the pressure of the drill 14 ~ 16 tons, often creep into single stopping and drill through MWD measurement depth, hole angle and azimuth, creep into and terminate to turning round orientation, at the end of turning round orientation, maximum hole angle is 65.13 °, well depth 1522m.
7) carry out the 3rd section of deviated directional drilling section for the steady lower curved section wellbore construction of two dimension, the vertical depth change according to logging data real-time estimate A target spot is carried out, and determines steady tilted section segment length 136m, carries out steady tilted section construction, well depth 1658.2m at the end of construction; Outside diameter is of a size of 215.9mm, and control drill speed 50 ~ 60r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 30 ~ 33L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 14 ~ 16 tons.
8) carry out the 4th section of deviated directional drilling section for two-dimentional build section wellbore construction, bit contour is of a size of 215.9mm, and control drill speed 45 ~ 55r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 6 ~ 8 tons, until A target spot; Control errors is vertical skew 0 ~ 1 meter, and crosstrall 0 ~ 10 meter, A target spot is dark 1845m tiltedly, hole deviation 90.24 °, 358.96 °, azimuth, vertical depth 1476.84m, and closed apart from 596.36m, direction of closure 16.38m, transfer 3.70m, advance 0.02m, target center is apart from 3.70m.
9) two-dimensional level section wellbore construction is carried out, until creep into B target spot, pull out of hole, outside diameter is of a size of 215.9mm, and control drill speed 40 ~ 45r/min larger than screw speed, discharge capacity is 28 ~ 30L/s, adds the pressure of the drill 6 ~ 8 tons; B target spot is dark 2604m, vertical depth 1466.23m tiltedly, horizontal segment length 750m, hole deviation 89.87 °, 0 °, azimuth, and closed apart from 1332.93m, advance 0.72m, transfer 0.46m, target center is apart from 0.86m; The dog-leg degree of well track is no more than 3 °/30m.
Embodiment 1 drilling well 21 days consuming time to the whole work progress of B target spot, as shown in Figure 4, and the dark 2280m of a bite drilling well adopting conventional construction method to construct, the three-dimensional horizontal well of horizontal segment length 550m, the engineering time needs 28.5 days, therefore compares traditional three-dimensional horizontal well drilling method, the inventive method shortens drilling period 7.5 days, improve wellbore construction efficiency, take saving 52.5 ten thousand yuan rig day, significantly reduce construction cost.
Contrast river, footpath in 2014 two-dimensional level well well data, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, two-dimensional level well average well depth 2160.01m is implemented in oil field, river, footpath in 2014, average rate of penetration 8.87m/h, average drilling period 30.26 days, embodiment 1 is comparing two-dimensional level well many drilling depths 443.99m, and three-dimensional horizontal well construction difficulty comparatively two-dimensional level well is more in situation, rate of penetration is 11.09m/h, improves 25.03%, drilling period 21 days, shortens 30.60%.
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the non-limiting technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although with reference to above-described embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; Still can modify to the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not depart from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.