Background technology
Battery-driven car is using battery as energy source, by the parts such as controller, motor, is mechanical energy motion by electric energy conversion, to control the vehicle that size of current changes speed.First battery-driven car produced in 1834, and it is by DC motor Driver.Even to this day, battery-driven car there occurs great variety, and type is also varied.Wherein, it is power that electronlmobil (EV) refers to vehicle power, drives wheels travel with motor, meets the vehicle of arteries of communication, legislative control on safety requirements.Due to less relative to orthodox car to environmental concerns, its prospect is extensively had an optimistic view of, but current techniques is still immature.
In electronlmobil, " energy-conservation and new-energy automobile industrial development planning " clearly reports to the State Council, and " planning " is thus lifted to national strategy height, is intended to arrange the new office of automobile industry.As one of seven great strategy new industries that country determines, new-energy automobile will reach 1,000 hundred million yuan in coming 10 years planned amount invested, and sales volume scale locks the first in the world.To the year two thousand twenty, new-energy automobile realizes industrialization, energy-conservationly reaches advanced world standards with new-energy automobile and key components and parts technology, and pure electric automobile and plug-in hybrid-power automobile market maintenance reach 5,000,000.Analyses and prediction, from 2012 to 2015, Chinese market battery-driven car sales volume average annual growth rate will reach about 40%, and wherein major part is sold from pure electric vehicle, and by 2015, China will become the battery-driven car market of Fia.
Therefore the research and development to the various technology in electronlmobil field, become the direction of automotive expert research.
Existing electronlmobil, it is generally the Structural Development of imitated general-utility car during research and development, there is following defect: when 1, automobile is impacted, because automobile is by the easiest causing death during lateral impact, and electronlmobil due to weight lighter compared with general-utility car, if therefore easily cause chaufeur dead under bearing lateral impact situation especially, safety is poor.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical matters that the present invention primarily solves is: how to provide one can alleviate lateral impact impulsive force, improves the rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure of safety.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of rear axle of electric automobile cushion bumper structure, comprises the trammel beam be arranged between rear axle housing body and vehicle frame, it is characterized in that, be also provided with anti-side and hit shock absorber between described rear axle housing body and vehicle frame; Shock absorber is hit in described anti-side, comprises a bottom plate be vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, also comprises two recoil springs being positioned at bottom plate both sides, and recoil spring is coil spring and two ends act between bottom plate and vehicle frame respectively; Described trammel beam comprises the trammel beam hypomere be connected on rear axle housing body and the trammel beam epimere be connected on vehicle frame, is connected with the spring of bumper and absorbing shock between described trammel beam hypomere and trammel beam epimere.
After electronlmobil installs the present invention, when vehicle enclosure is by lateral impact, the spring that anti-side can be leaned on to hit on shock absorber and trammel beam cushions, and slows down the impact degree that lateral impact causes vehicle body, improves the safety of chaufeur and passenger.
As optimization, anti-side is hit shock absorber and is also comprised two upper mounted plates be fixed on vehicle frame, two upper mounted plates are positioned at bottom plate both sides, and upper mounted plate relative with the outer end of bottom plate extend to form one staggered after the part relative in level, the side relative with bottom plate with two upper mounted plate outer ends, both sides, described bottom plate outer end is respectively provided with the relative spring fitting groove of a level, and described two recoil springs are arranged in the spring fitting groove of upper mounted plate and bottom plate in compressive state respectively.
After such optimization, two recoil springs realize installing by three adapter plates, and are installed in mounting groove in squeezed state, and structure is simple, quick and easy for installation, and ensure that it is horizontally disposed with, and at utmost improves the damping, buffering effect to side impacting force.
As optimization, described two upper mounted plate upper ends are upwards fixed on a vehicle frame afterbody cross bar, vehicle frame afterbody cross bar just to be arranged at above rear axle housing body and and main body of vehicle frame be fixed with one, described two upper mounted plate upper ends deviate from mutually between the side in direction and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar and are provided with leg-of-mutton reinforced rib, are provided with leg-of-mutton reinforced rib between described both sides, bottom plate lower end and rear axle housing body.
Like this, can ensure better recoil spring be horizontally disposed with ensure the damping, buffering effect to side impacting force, the reinforced rib simultaneously arranged, can ensure that upper mounted plate and bottom plate can bear the antagonistic force of recoil spring elastic force better, ensure that the solid and reliable of shock absorber is hit in anti-side.
As optimization, described trammel beam epimere lower end is cylindrical shape, the upper end of described trammel beam hypomere be cylindrical shape and and formed can socket join structure in axial sliding in trammel beam epimere lower end, the spring of described bumper and absorbing shock comprises a compression coil spring and an extension coil spring, described compression coil spring abuts in the inner chamber being arranged at trammel beam hypomere and trammel beam epimere vertically, and the mounting of described extension coil spring two ends is fixed on the mounting round platform of trammel beam hypomere and the formation of trammel beam epimere outside face evagination.
After such optimization, trammel beam epimere and trammel beam hypomere adopt half end tube-in-tube structure, and sleeve sections can be made to lean on the mode of socket to provide elastic deformation space to realize bumper and absorbing shock.Spring is provided with a compression coil spring and an extension coil spring, like this, the impact of vehicle body side both direction can both realize bumper and absorbing shock by spring, simultaneously during normal vehicle operation, the elastic force of two springs is cancelled out each other, be conducive to the normal equilibrium function ensureing trammel beam, double swerve is excessive because trammel beam self exists certain elastic force to avoid vehicle body.Meanwhile, compression coil spring is installed in sleeve, and extension coil spring is installed on sleeve outward and by the mounting of mounting round platform, installs very convenient quick and Stability Analysis of Structures reliably, ensure that damping, buffering performance.
Further, described trammel beam epimere upper end is vertical block structure and is hinged on trammel beam on free bearing, on trammel beam, free bearing is arranged on the vehicle frame afterbody cross bar that is connected with main body of vehicle frame directly over rear axle housing body, described trammel beam hypomere lower end is vertical block structure and under being hinged on trammel beam on free bearing, under trammel beam, free bearing is arranged on the position that rear axle housing body upper surface is positioned at actuating unit side.
Like this, trammel beam epimere and trammel beam hypomere adopt the vertical block structure of half end, namely can facilitate the hinged installation of self, and trammel beam is connected on vertically relative rear axle housing body and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar, are beneficial to the equilibrium activity playing trammel beam self.
In sum, the present invention can alleviate automobile side angle impact power, improves vehicle safety, also has structure simple simultaneously, quick and easy for installation, the advantages such as working stability is reliable.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail to have employed rear axle of electric automobile of the present invention and accompanying drawing thereof below in conjunction with one.
During concrete enforcement: as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, one have employed rear axle of electric automobile of the present invention, comprises the rear axle housing body 1 of the tubular of horizontally set, and end, rear axle housing body 1 two ends is respectively arranged with brake wheel 2, for installing wheel outside brake wheel 2; Actuating unit is provided with in the middle part of rear axle housing body 1, actuating unit comprises the diff 3 be fixedly installed in the middle part of rear axle housing body 1, also comprise the electrical motor 4 be fixed on diff 3, motor output shaft is connected with diff 3, and differential output shaft is connected with wheel by the transmission shaft being positioned at rear axle housing body 1 inside; Also comprise front end to be connected with the main body of vehicle frame 8 being positioned at chassis position and the towing arm 5 that is connected with rear axle housing body of rear end; The upper surface that described rear axle housing body is positioned at actuating unit one side position also has free bearing 40 under the trammel beam upwards arranged, vehicle frame afterbody cross bar above described actuating unit opposite side position has free bearing 41 on the trammel beam that arranges downwards, hingedly between free bearing 41 on free bearing 40 and trammel beam under trammel beam is provided with trammel beam 22; Trammel beam 22 is provided with elastic shock attenuation structure.
The trammel beam of such setting is installed by free bearing and is connected, when automobile normal running, trammel beam can transmit the side force of left and right directions between vehicle frame and back axle, keep vehicle body left-right balance, when vehicle body suffers larger side impacts, the elastic shock attenuation structure on trammel beam plays a role, and carries out elastic shock attenuation buffering, slow down the impact degree that lateral impact causes vehicle body, improve the safety of chaufeur and passenger.
Wherein, described trammel beam 22 comprises trammel beam epimere 42 and trammel beam hypomere 43, trammel beam epimere 42 upper end is vertical block structure and is hinged on trammel beam on free bearing 41, trammel beam epimere 42 lower end is cylindrical shape, trammel beam hypomere 43 lower end is vertical block structure and under being hinged on trammel beam on free bearing 40, trammel beam hypomere 43 upper end be cylindrical shape and and formed can socket join structure in axial sliding in trammel beam epimere 42 lower end, described elastic shock attenuation structure also comprises a compression coil spring 44 and an extension coil spring 45, described compression coil spring 44 abuts vertically and is arranged in the inner chamber of trammel beam hypomere 43 and trammel beam epimere 42, the mounting of described extension coil spring 45 two ends is fixed on the mounting round platform 46 of trammel beam hypomere and the formation of trammel beam epimere outside face evagination.
Like this, trammel beam epimere and trammel beam hypomere adopt half end sleeve to add the vertical block structure of half end, namely can facilitate the hinged installation of self, and sleeve sections can be made again to lean on the mode of socket to provide elastic deformation space to realize bumper and absorbing shock.Spring is provided with a compression coil spring and an extension coil spring, like this, the impact of vehicle body side both direction can both realize bumper and absorbing shock by spring, simultaneously during normal vehicle operation, the elastic force of two springs is cancelled out each other, be conducive to the normal equilibrium function ensureing trammel beam, double swerve is excessive because trammel beam self exists certain elastic force to avoid vehicle body.Meanwhile, compression coil spring is installed in sleeve, and extension coil spring is installed on sleeve outward and by the mounting of mounting round platform, installs very convenient quick and Stability Analysis of Structures reliably, ensure that damping, buffering performance.
Wherein, be also provided with anti-side between described rear axle housing body 1 and vehicle frame and hit shock absorber.Shock absorber is hit in described anti-side, comprise a bottom plate 30 be vertically fixed on rear axle housing body, also comprise two upper mounted plates 31 be fixed on vehicle frame, two upper mounted plates 31 are positioned at bottom plate 30 both sides, and upper mounted plate 31 relative with the outer end of bottom plate 30 extend to form one staggered after the part relative in level, the side relative with bottom plate with two upper mounted plate outer ends, both sides, described bottom plate outer end is respectively provided with the relative spring fitting groove of a level, anti-side is hit shock absorber and is also comprised two recoil springs 32 being positioned at bottom plate both sides, recoil spring 32 is coil spring and two ends are arranged in the spring fitting groove of upper mounted plate 31 and bottom plate 30 in compressive state respectively.
Two recoil springs of such setting effectively can absorb the impulsive force produced from the arbitrary side impact of vehicle and carry out damping, improve safety.Two recoil springs realize installing by three adapter plates, and are installed in mounting groove in squeezed state, and structure is simple, quick and easy for installation, and ensure that it is horizontally disposed with, and at utmost improves the damping, buffering effect to side impacting force.
Wherein, described two upper mounted plate 31 upper ends are upwards fixed on a vehicle frame afterbody cross bar 11, vehicle frame afterbody cross bar 11 just to be arranged at above rear axle housing body and and main body of vehicle frame 17 be fixed with one, described two upper mounted plate 31 upper ends deviate from mutually between the side in direction and vehicle frame afterbody cross bar and are provided with leg-of-mutton reinforced rib, are provided with leg-of-mutton reinforced rib between described both sides, bottom plate 30 lower end and rear axle housing body.
Like this, can ensure better recoil spring be horizontally disposed with ensure the damping effect to side impacting force, the reinforced rib simultaneously arranged, can ensure that upper mounted plate and bottom plate can bear the antagonistic force of spring force better, ensure that the solid and reliable of shock absorber is hit in anti-side.
Wherein also comprise damping mechanism, wherein, described damping mechanism, comprises the tubular damper 6 on the rear axle housing body being arranged at actuating unit two ends respectively and damping spring 7, tubular damper 6 is all connected with rear axle housing body 1 with damping spring 7 lower end, and upper end is connected with vehicle frame.
Like this actuating unit is set directly on rear axle housing body, facilitates Power output transmission.Tubular damper and damping spring are provided separately simultaneously, can adjust easily and flexibly and select applicable tubular damper and damping spring to install, its damping performance and damping capacity are matched with the situation of electronlmobil better, ensure that damping and damping, improve vehicle safety.
Wherein, described damping spring 7 is coil spring and is vertically arranged on the rear axle housing body 1 at actuating unit two ends, and described tubular damper 6 is positioned at outside damping spring and upper end and is inclined and mounted on rearwardly and upwardly on vehicle frame.Like this, damping spring is vertically installed, and can ensure the damping effect on vertical direction, ensures that coil spring is stressed along its length simultaneously, increases the service life and avoids losing efficacy.The oblique installation of tubular damper simultaneously can extend its length, and then improves damping.
Wherein, main body of vehicle frame 8 rear portion end positions has one separately and to extend rearwardly and upwardly and for the rear tailstock 9 of installation car shell cover panel after one's death, there is in the middle part of rear tailstock 9 level be connected and be positioned at the vehicle frame afterbody cross bar 11 directly over rear axle housing body 1, the rear axle housing body upper surface at described actuating unit two ends is provided with a spring mounting seat 12, spring mounting seat 12 comprises a round platform and is positioned at the radius stay in the middle part of round platform, described vehicle frame afterbody cross bar is just provided with a spring fitting cylinder 13 to spring mounting seat, described damping spring 7 lower end is socketed and is fixed on the round platform of spring mounting seat 12, upper end is arranged in spring fitting cylinder 13, outside described damping spring 7, the rear axle housing body lower surface of adjacent position has the mounting groove of a fovea superior, be embedded in mounting groove and be welded with a permanent seat 14, permanent seat 14 is the elongated member that arranges along the longitudinal direction and transversal surface is inverted U-shaped, permanent seat 14 rear and front end extends rear axle housing body front and back sides separately, permanent seat 14 back side top is welded with a damper down journal seat 15, described tubular damper 6 lower end is hinged on damper down journal seat 15, on the damper upper journal seat 16 on upper end thereof tailstock top after being welded on.
Like this, main body of vehicle frame is positioned at chassis position, its rear portion extends back the rear tailstock and the structure such as vehicle frame afterbody cross bar that arrange not only for installation car shell cover panel after one's death, the installation of the components such as damping spring, tubular damper and trammel beam can also be facilitated to connect, also make vehicle frame integral structure more simply compact.Wherein, the spring mounting seat of truncated cone-shaped that rear axle housing body upper surface is arranged facilitates the installation of damping spring to fix, and damping spring upper end is arranged in the spring fitting cylinder on vehicle frame afterbody cross bar, very efficient and convenient and reliably fixing.The permanent seat that rear axle housing body bottom is arranged, not only facilitates the installation of tubular damper, but also the convenient installation for towing arm connects, and towing arm rear end can be made to form two installation point of connection, improves installation reliability.
Wherein, described towing arm 5 entirety is in the vertical long block shape arranged, towing arm 5 front end forward upward tilts and on the towing arm journal stirrup 17 that lower surface is arranged downwards after being hingedly mounted on main body of vehicle frame by a horizontal hinge axis hole, towing arm 5 rear end and upper surface are respectively provided with a horizontal hinge axis hole near back-end location, and being hingedly mounted on position, described permanent seat 14 rear and front end, three horizontal hinge axis holes are triangularly arranged.
Like this, one, towing arm front end attachment point, two, rear end attachment point, three points are triangularly arranged, and can improve the stable connection degree of towing arm and rear axle housing body, and towing arm front end is inclined upwardly setting, can better by the propulsive effort transmission of back axle to vehicle body, ensure drive reliable and stable.
Wherein, described towing arm 5 upper surface is plane, and lower surface is protruding arcwall face, and the side seamed edge of towing arm 5 upper and lower surface has the flange 18 of outwardly convex.
Like this, simple structure can be leaned on to improve towing arm self-strength; Ensure the transmission of power.
Wherein, described towing arm 5 comprises the overall towing arm body for foundry goods, and towing arm body surface has plating rust proof layer.Like this, have and be beneficial to manufacture, good integral strength, the advantages such as long service life.
Wherein, described towing arm body is positioned at three horizontal hinge axis hole positions and is provided with three yielding rubber circles 19, the metal cylinder 20 for installing hinge is coaxially arranged with in the middle part of yielding rubber circle 19, the uniform through hole 21 being provided with broad ways in described yielding rubber circle surface, in the middle part of through hole 21, both sides extend internally to be connected to form and cut off perpendicular to the diametric damping of yielding rubber circle 19.
Like this, yielding rubber circle can improve the damping effect in the transferring power process of towing arm, not only can slow down the impact load that towing arm self bears, and improves autoprotection effect, and strengthens vehicle body damping effect, improves vehicle riding comfort.The metal cylinder simultaneously arranged; the convenient impulsive force passed over by hinge is delivered evenly to rubber ring; improve rubber ring protected effect; in addition; the structure of partition is set in the middle part of the through hole in yielding rubber circle; radial impact power can be converted into along vertical diameter to power, and then decompose sponge, drastically increase damping effect.