本发明涉及一种用于制冷器具的蒸发器和一种具有相应的蒸发器的制冷器具。The invention relates to an evaporator for a refrigeration appliance and a refrigeration appliance with a corresponding evaporator.
制冷器具的蒸发器广泛地设有加热装置，以便将在蒸发器运行时在其上分离出的霜或者冰转变成水。然后这些水蒸发或者从器具中排出。The evaporators of refrigeration appliances are widely provided with heating devices in order to convert the frost or ice that separates on the evaporator during operation into water. This water is then evaporated or drained from the appliance.
用于制冷器具的片式蒸发器的除霜加热装置广泛地实现为具有绝缘地安装在金属管中的加热圈的管式加热装置或者实现为辐射加热装置。Defrost heaters for plate evaporators of refrigeration appliances are widely realized as tube heaters with heating coils mounted insulated in metal tubes or as radiant heaters.
如果在物态变化(冰到水)结束之后继续加热蒸发器，则蒸发器温度升高，尤其也在已经除霜的部位上升高。在此，能量被不必要地供入到蒸发器中。所述附加地被供入的能量必须随后(按照制冷回路的效率)又从制冷器具中被运送出来。If the evaporator is continued to be heated after the change of state (ice to water) has ended, the temperature of the evaporator rises, especially also at the areas that have already been defrosted. Here, energy is unnecessarily fed into the evaporator. This additionally supplied energy must then (according to the efficiency of the refrigeration circuit) be conveyed out of the refrigeration appliance again.
除霜过程如此长时间地实施，直到温度传感器已经达到预给定的极限值。被供入的能量在待除霜的蒸发器中在空间上与除霜加热装置的加热功率相应地分布。用于除霜过程的、根据需求的(即在空间上与上霜/结冰的程度相关的)能量供入未给定。The defrosting process is carried out for such a long time until the temperature sensor has reached a predetermined limit value. The supplied energy is spatially distributed in the evaporator to be defrosted corresponding to the heating output of the defrost heater. The demand-dependent (ie spatially dependent on the degree of frosting/icing) energy supply for the defrosting process is not specified.
公开文献WO 03/00880 A1示出一种包括加热装置的蒸发器。该加热装置包括实施到该蒸发器的冷却板的边沿上的电阻层。Publication WO 03/00880 A1 shows an evaporator comprising heating means. The heating device comprises a resistive layer applied to the rim of the cooling plate of the evaporator.
专利文献US 4,432,211证实，当电流的时间性漏导(Ableitung)下降到预先确定的阈值之下时，到蒸发器的加热元件的电流供入减小或者关断。Patent document US 4,432,211 demonstrates that the current supply to the heating element of the evaporator is reduced or switched off when the temporal leakage of the current falls below a predetermined threshold value.
公开文献DE 199 48 534 A1示出一种铝制长筋管型廓，在其内室布置有自调控的电加热元件。Laid-open document DE 199 48 534 A1 shows an aluminum elongated tube profile in which self-regulating electric heating elements are arranged in the interior.
公开文献WO 2010/128748 A1示出一种包括热交换器的制冷器具。设置有包括多个加热元件的加热装置。Publication WO 2010/128748 A1 shows a refrigeration appliance comprising a heat exchanger. A heating device comprising a plurality of heating elements is provided.
公开文献GB 820 908示出具有蒸发器管的蒸发器壳体。为了出于除冰的目的而加热蒸发器管，引导电流通过蒸发器管。Publication GB 820 908 shows an evaporator housing with evaporator tubes. To heat the evaporator tubes for de-icing purposes, an electric current is directed through the evaporator tubes.
在这种背景下，本发明的任务在于，实现一种用于制冷器具的、改进的蒸发器和一种改进的制冷器具，其中，尤其降低用于蒸发器的除霜的能量输入。Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved evaporator for a refrigeration appliance and an improved refrigeration appliance, wherein in particular the energy input for defrosting the evaporator is reduced.
该任务通过具有独立权利要求1的特征的制冷器具解决。其他有利的构型在从属权利要求中提出。This object is solved by a refrigeration appliance having the features of independent claim 1 . Further advantageous configurations are set out in the subclaims.
据此，根据本发明的、用于制冷器具的蒸发器至少局部地以加热箔覆层，所述加热箔的电内阻随温度升高而增大。Accordingly, the evaporator according to the invention for a refrigeration appliance is at least partially coated with a heating foil whose electrical internal resistance increases with increasing temperature.
在此，所述加热箔能够以从一毫米以下到几毫米厚度的不同厚度设置。蒸发器上的、已经除霜的区域变热，由此，所述加热箔的加热温度在该处下降，这导致较少的能量输入到所述区域中。由此，能够降低能量消耗。In this case, the heating foil can be provided in various thicknesses ranging from less than one millimeter to a thickness of several millimeters. The defrosted area of the evaporator heats up, whereby the heating temperature of the heating foil drops there, which results in less energy input into this area. Thereby, energy consumption can be reduced.
所述加热箔例如被实施为PTC加热箔。PTC加热箔基于PTC电阻，该PTC电阻能够在温度较低时比在温度较高时更好地传导电流。在此，电阻随温度升高而增大。已经除霜的区域变热，由此，加热箔的电阻在该处升高并且加热功率局部地下降。现在，仅更少的能量被供入到所述区域中。如果整个蒸发器除霜，则加热箔的电阻例如升高到已知的终值。The heating foil is, for example, embodied as a PTC heating foil. PTC heating foils are based on PTC resistors that are able to conduct electrical current better at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures. Here, the resistance increases with increasing temperature. The defrosted area heats up, whereby the electrical resistance of the heating foil increases there and the heating power decreases locally. Now, only less energy is fed into the region. If the entire evaporator is defrosted, the resistance of the heating foil increases, for example, to a known end value.
根据本发明的蒸发器能够实现除霜时的效率增高。能量消耗能够降低。通过根据需求的除霜得到较短的除霜时间。由于PTC特性，所述系统是自身安全的并且被保护防止过热。由此，能够省去附加的温度监控器。通过使用扁平的、箔状的加热元件得到扁平的安装空间。由此，所述蒸发器上的空气流动和不受影响一样好。安装是简单的，因为不必将蛇形管压入到蒸发器中。The evaporator according to the present invention can achieve increased efficiency in defrosting. Energy consumption can be reduced. Shorter defrost times are obtained by defrosting on demand. Due to the PTC properties, the system is self-safe and protected against overheating. As a result, an additional temperature monitor can be dispensed with. A flat installation space is obtained through the use of flat, foil-shaped heating elements. As a result, the air flow over the evaporator is as good as it is unaffected. Installation is simple, since the coil does not have to be pressed into the evaporator.
根据一实施例，所述蒸发器被实施为片式蒸发器。待冷却的空气流被引导经过片体或者在其旁边经过，并且在此，热被传递到所述蒸发器上。所述片式蒸发器局部地具有例如至少一个引导制冷剂的管，在该管上布置有片体。所述管典型地压入到所述片体中，或者例如通过粘接或者借助于钎焊连接与所述片体连接。在此，钎焊连接提供所述管和所述片体之间的特别良好的热传递。粘接连接能够简单地、成本低廉地实现。所述管例如能够被所述片体至少区段式地围住，也就是在该处在所述片体的内部延伸。由此，实现稳定地安装在所述管上并且同时实现所述管和所述片体之间的特别良好的热传递。According to an embodiment, the evaporator is implemented as a plate evaporator. The air flow to be cooled is guided over or alongside the fins and heat is transferred to the evaporator there. The finned evaporator has, for example, in parts at least one refrigerant-conducting tube on which the fins are arranged. The tube is typically pressed into the plate or connected thereto, for example by gluing or by means of a soldered connection. In this case, the soldered connection provides a particularly good heat transfer between the tube and the plate. The adhesive connection can be realized simply and cost-effectively. The tube can, for example, be at least partially surrounded by the plate, ie run there inside the plate. As a result, a stable mounting on the tube and at the same time a particularly good heat transfer between the tube and the fins is achieved.
根据另一实施例，所述加热箔的电流供入装置基本上由铜或者铝制成。在此，铜具有较高的导热性。在此，铝提供材料成本优势并且还耐腐蚀。所述加热箔例如粘接、钎焊或者仅以机械方式接触到例如压紧到所述蒸发器上。有利地，也能够在所述蒸发器和所述加热箔之间布置有用于补偿不平整性和用于改进热传递的导热垫。According to another embodiment, the current supply means of the heating foil are substantially made of copper or aluminium. Here, copper has a high thermal conductivity. Here, aluminum offers material cost advantages and is also corrosion-resistant. The heating foil is for example glued, soldered or merely mechanically contacted, for example pressed, onto the evaporator. Advantageously, a heat conducting mat for compensating unevenness and for improving heat transfer can also be arranged between the evaporator and the heating foil.
根据另一实施例，所述加热箔具有多个加热区域，所述加热区域能够以不同的加热功率加热。由此，能够实现与所述蒸发器的几何形状相匹配的加热。特别强烈地成霜的区域能够通过功率较强的加热区域增强地加热。总体上，能量消耗能够进一步降低，因为仅在关键部位上需要提供特别高的加热功率。所述加热区域的加热温度例如能够分开地调节。由此，得到与需求特别良好的匹配。此外，所述加热箔能够与不同蒸发器的或者不同制冷器具的几何形状相匹配。According to a further embodiment, the heating foil has a plurality of heating regions which can be heated with different heating powers. As a result, heating adapted to the geometry of the evaporator can be achieved. Regions that are particularly heavily frosted can be intensively heated by the more powerful heating regions. Overall, the energy consumption can be further reduced, since a particularly high heating power is only required at critical points. The heating temperature of the heating regions can be adjusted separately, for example. This results in a particularly good adaptation to the requirements. Furthermore, the heating foil can be adapted to the geometry of different evaporators or different refrigeration appliances.
根据本发明的、用于运行具有加热箔的蒸发器的方法具有以下方法步骤：借助于加热箔加热蒸发器，测量所述加热箔的电流消耗并且当所述电流消耗下降到最低值以下时降低所述加热箔的加热功率或者关断所述加热箔。基于加热箔的PTC特性，所述加热箔的电流消耗随温度的升高而下降。由此，能够通过所述电流消耗间接地求取所述加热箔的温度并且控制所述加热箔的加热功率。The method according to the invention for operating an evaporator with a heating foil has the following method steps: Heating the evaporator by means of the heating foil, measuring the current consumption of the heating foil and reducing it when the current consumption falls below a minimum value The heating power of the heating foil is switched off or the heating foil is switched off. Due to the PTC properties of the heating foil, the current consumption of said heating foil decreases with increasing temperature. As a result, the temperature of the heating foil can be ascertained indirectly via the current consumption and the heating output of the heating foil can be controlled.
根据一实施方式，加热箔的在不同加热区域上的加热功率被分开地控制。在此，例如分开地求取多个加热区域的电流消耗。这能够实现所述蒸发器的与蒸发器的几何形状并与环境条件相匹配的加热。在此，根据要求而定，所述蒸发器的不同区域能够被不同地加热。在此，在容易变热的区域上能够供入较少的能量。能量消耗能够通过避免容易变热的区域的不必要地强烈的变热而减少。According to one embodiment, the heating power of the heating foil on the different heating zones is controlled separately. In this case, for example, the current consumption of a plurality of heating regions is ascertained separately. This enables heating of the evaporator adapted to the geometry of the evaporator and to the ambient conditions. Depending on requirements, different regions of the evaporator can be heated differently here. In this case, less energy can be supplied to areas that tend to heat up. Energy consumption can be reduced by avoiding unnecessarily intense heating of areas prone to heating.
根据另一实施例，所述蒸发器至少局部式地在两侧以所述加热箔覆层。然后，例如可能的是，在所述蒸发器的两侧上相对置的加热区域以相同的加热功率被加热。如果所述蒸发器相对于在两侧相对置的加热区域部分面对称地构造，由此能够简化控制，因为相对置的区域的加热要求是相似的。According to a further embodiment, the evaporator is at least partially coated on both sides with the heating foil. It is then possible, for example, to heat the opposite heating regions on both sides of the evaporator with the same heating power. If the evaporator is designed symmetrically with respect to the heating region sections lying opposite on both sides, control can thus be simplified, since the heating requirements of the opposing regions are similar.
根据本发明的制冷器具具有制冷剂回路，所述制冷回路包含根据本发明的蒸发器。所述制冷剂回路例如包括用于压缩制冷剂蒸汽的压缩器、连接在该压缩器之后的用于冷凝所述制冷剂蒸汽的冷凝器和连接在该冷凝器之后并连接在所述压缩器之前的用于蒸发被冷凝的制冷剂的蒸发器。The refrigeration appliance according to the invention has a refrigerant circuit which contains the evaporator according to the invention. The refrigerant circuit comprises, for example, a compressor for compressing refrigerant vapor, a condenser connected after the compressor for condensing the refrigerant vapor, and a condenser connected after the condenser and connected before the compressor An evaporator for evaporating condensed refrigerant.
制冷器具尤其指家用制冷器具，即用于家庭中的家用或者也可用于餐饮领域中的制冷器具，并且尤其用于在确定的温度下储存家庭常用量的食物和/或者饮料，例如冷藏柜、冷冻柜、冷藏冷冻组合柜、冷冻箱或者储酒柜。Refrigeration appliances are in particular domestic refrigeration appliances, i.e. refrigeration appliances that are used in households or can also be used in the catering sector and are used in particular to store food and/or beverages in the usual quantities used in households at a defined temperature, such as refrigerators, refrigerators, Freezers, refrigerator-freezer combinations, freezers or wine storage cabinets.
本发明的其他可能的实施方案也包括之前或者以下就所述实施例来说明的特征的未明确提及的组合。在此，本领域技术人员也添加单个方面作为对所述制冷器具的对应基本形式的改进或者补充。Further possible embodiments of the invention also include combinations of features not explicitly mentioned above or below with respect to the exemplary embodiments. Here too, the person skilled in the art may add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the corresponding basic form of the refrigeration appliance.
本发明的其他有利构型和方面是本发明从属权利要求以及以下所说明的实施例的主题。此外借助优选实施方式参考附图详细解释本发明。附图示出：Further advantageous configurations and aspects of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims of the invention as well as the exemplary embodiments described below. Furthermore, the invention is explained in more detail on the basis of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. The accompanying drawings show:
图1：具有根据实施例的蒸发器的制冷器具的局部的示意图。Figure 1 : Schematic view of a part of a refrigeration appliance with an evaporator according to an embodiment.
图1示出具有根据实施例的蒸发器1的制冷器具10的局部的示意图。制冷器具10具有冷却物室13，该冷却物室在这里示为矩形的。在冷却物室13中布置有板状地实施的蒸发器1，在这里该蒸发器在图中在冷却物室13的右部区域中示出。蒸发器1在冷却物室13中靠近壁地布置并且被保持元件15保持。在该实施例中，蒸发器1具有内置的、引导制冷剂的管5(在这里为铜管)和布置在该管上的铝片体7。在本发明的意义中，蒸发器1也可以完全由铜、铝或者其他合适的材料制成。FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a detail of a refrigeration appliance 10 with an evaporator 1 according to an exemplary embodiment. The refrigeration appliance 10 has a coolant chamber 13 , which is shown here as rectangular. Arranged in the coolant chamber 13 is a plate-shaped evaporator 1 , which is shown here in the right-hand region of the coolant chamber 13 in the drawing. The evaporator 1 is arranged close to the wall in the coolant chamber 13 and is held by a holding element 15 . In this exemplary embodiment, the evaporator 1 has a built-in refrigerant-carrying tube 5 (in this case a copper tube) and an aluminum plate 7 arranged on the tube. Within the meaning of the invention, the evaporator 1 can also be completely made of copper, aluminum or another suitable material.
在该实施例中，蒸发器1在其图中的左侧上以加热箔3覆层，该加热箔的电内阻随着温度的升高而增大。在该实施例中，加热箔3具有两个加热区域9，所述加热区域能够在加热温度方面被分开地调节。蒸发器1上的、已经除霜的区域变热，由此，加热箔3的加热温度在该处下降，这导致较少的能量输入到所述区域中。由此，能够降低能量消耗。In this exemplary embodiment, the evaporator 1 is clad on its left side in the figure with a heating foil 3 whose electrical internal resistance increases with increasing temperature. In this exemplary embodiment, the heating foil 3 has two heating regions 9 which can be adjusted separately with respect to the heating temperature. The areas on the evaporator 1 that have been defrosted heat up, so that the heating temperature of the heating foil 3 drops there, which results in a lower energy input into these areas. Thereby, energy consumption can be reduced.
加热箔3被实施为PTC加热箔。在此，加热箔3的电阻随加热箔3的温度升高而增大。已经除霜的区域变热，由此，加热箔3的电阻在该处升高并且加热功率局部地下降。现在，仅更少的能量被供入到所述区域中。如果整个蒸发器1除霜，则加热箔3的电阻升高到已知的终值。根据本发明的蒸发器1能够实现除霜时的效率增高。能量消耗能够降低。通过根据需求的除霜得到较短的除霜时间。通过设置多个能够分开调节的加热区域9，所述能量消耗能够进一步降低，因为在蒸发器1的确定的需要的部位上能够特别地提供特别高的加热功率。The heating foil 3 is embodied as a PTC heating foil. Here, the electrical resistance of the heating foil 3 increases as the temperature of the heating foil 3 increases. The defrosted area heats up, whereby the electrical resistance of the heating foil 3 increases there and the heating power decreases locally. Now, only less energy is fed into the region. If the entire evaporator 1 is defrosted, the resistance of the heating foil 3 increases to a known end value. The evaporator 1 according to the present invention can achieve increased efficiency in defrosting. Energy consumption can be reduced. Shorter defrost times are obtained by defrosting on demand. By providing a plurality of heating zones 9 which can be adjusted separately, the energy consumption can be further reduced, since a particularly high heating output can be provided especially at specific required locations of the evaporator 1 .
参考标记列表List of Reference Marks
1 蒸发器1 evaporator
3 加热箔3 heating foil
5 引导制冷剂的管5 Tubes for conducting the refrigerant
7 片体7 pieces
9 加热区域9 heating zones
10 制冷器具10 Refrigeration appliances
13 冷却物室13 Coolant compartment
15 保持元件15 holding element
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011087029.6 | 2011-11-24 | ||
| DE201110087029DE102011087029A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2011-11-24 | Evaporator for a refrigeration device and refrigeration device |
| PCT/EP2012/072754WO2013076004A2 (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2012-11-15 | Evaporator for a refrigeration device and refrigeration device |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104364596A CN104364596A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| CN104364596Btrue CN104364596B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280057525.8AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104364596B (en) | 2011-11-24 | 2012-11-15 | Vaporizer for refrigerating appliance and refrigerating appliance |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2783173A2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104364596B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102011087029A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013076004A2 (en) |
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| WO2013076004A3 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
| DE102011087029A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
| CN104364596A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| WO2013076004A2 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20170308 |