技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种牙科修复方法。The invention relates to a dental restoration method.
背景技术Background technique
当前所要描述的示范性实例是一种有关牙齿修复的方法。该方法已发现特别适用于非钛基基牙组件的直接口腔内修复，并将在下文会加以详细描述。The exemplary case to be described is a method for tooth restoration. This method has been found to be particularly suitable for direct intraoral restoration of non-titanium abutment components and will be described in detail below.
在人牙齿中的中间髓质(牙髓)由一层被称为牙本质的钙化物质所包裹，并且该髓质与动脉、静脉和神经相连接。牙体从牙槽或齿槽中伸出，而牙槽会受到上颚骨(上颌)或下颚骨(下颌)牙槽骨的抑制。实际符合牙槽的部分牙齿按照一定的排列顺序生长。牙齿伸出的部分(被称为“牙冠”)有致密光滑的表面，并由一层钙化的结缔组织所覆盖，即牙釉质。牙龈或牙龈组织包裹了牙冠的基部且伸出牙齿的相邻面之间，并且会对牙齿予以恰当地支持固定。The middle pulp (pulp) in a human tooth is surrounded by a layer of calcified substance called dentin, and this pulp is connected to arteries, veins and nerves. The tooth protrudes from the tooth socket, or alveolar, which is restrained by the alveolar bone in the upper jaw (upper jaw) or lower jaw (lower jaw). Part of the teeth that actually fit into the alveolar grow in a certain order. The protruding part of the tooth (called the "crown") has a dense, smooth surface covered by a layer of calcified connective tissue called enamel. The gums, or gum tissue, wrap around the base of the crown and protrude between the adjacent faces of the tooth and hold the tooth properly in place.
牙齿丧失可能由于各种疾病所导致，如龋齿病、牙体缺损、牙髓炎、物理伤害、牙龈病和牙周病。牙周病是由称成为牙斑的一层厚厚的细菌所引起，随着时间的推移它会变硬钙化。轻微的炎症如牙龈炎可能会有红肿和牙龈出血的症状，这可能会发展至其他支持性结构包括牙槽骨，进而会恶化为牙周疾病的更晚期阶段，即牙周炎。牙龈发生萎缩或从牙齿边脱离，导致在牙齿和牙龈之间形成了槽体。随着疾病的恶化，牙齿会变得松动，通常必需实施拔除。因此，牙周病是导致牙齿丧失的主要原因。Tooth loss can be due to various diseases such as dental caries, tooth loss, pulpitis, physical injury, gum disease and periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is caused by a thick layer of bacteria called plaque, which hardens and calcifies over time. Mild inflammation such as gingivitis may present with red, swollen and bleeding gums, which may progress to other supporting structures including the alveolar bone, which can progress to a more advanced stage of periodontal disease known as periodontitis. The gums recede or pull away from the teeth, causing a groove to form between the teeth and the gums. As the disease progresses, the teeth become loose and usually have to be extracted. Therefore, periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss.
现今已经存在许多所熟知的设计方法用来植入和保护牙修复体。最普遍的植入类型是骨内植入式，在该方法中植入体将首先手术安置于病人的颚骨。该植入体是牙根结构的模型，而且它会伸入牙龈以支持所装的基牙，进而获得一个牙修复体。普通的基牙是一个外形为圆柱体的结构，它以螺旋进入植入体为特点，同时牙冠会安装至该基牙的顶部。通常，一名经验丰富的牙科医生实施牙齿种植修复的常规方法包括以下十二个步骤：(1)拿掉密封帽；(2)准备托盘，同时试验印模托盘，划定界限来切割和打开窗体，以允许所复制印模可伸出(被称为“开盘技术”)；(3)将要复制的普通印模放置于其上，并且拧紧；(4)把印模材料注入已经准备好的托盘；(5)把印模按入复制印模的顶部，并且等待直到就绪；(6)松开复制的印模；(7)将蜡注入开窗部分，环绕复制印模的伸出部分；(8)剥离附于复制印模的印模托盘；(9)连接植入体模型和复制印模，并且将以上部件送入牙科实验室；(10)实验室技师将浇筑材料和准备石质模型，之后将其返送至牙科医生；(11)牙科医生选择他或她所认为最适 合的石质模型，再次送至实验室，然后(12)该名实验室技师调整基牙，之后可能再次送至牙科医生用来在病人的口腔进行试佩戴，然后基于医生的要求再次调整基牙，同时加装牙冠至基牙的顶部。Today there are many well-known design methods for implanting and protecting dental restorations. The most common type of implant is the intraosseous implant, in which the implant is first surgically placed in the patient's jawbone. The implant is a model of the tooth root structure and it reaches into the gum to support the abutment tooth it is fitted in to obtain a dental restoration. A normal abutment is a cylindrical structure that features a screw into the implant and a crown is fitted on top of the abutment. In general, an experienced dentist's routine for dental implant restorations involves the following twelve steps: (1) removing the sealing cap; (2) preparing the tray, while experimenting with the impression tray, and defining boundaries for cutting and opening window to allow the impression to be replicated to extend (referred to as the "opening technique"); (3) place the normal impression to be replicated on it, and tighten; (4) inject the impression material into the prepared (5) Press the impression into the top of the duplicate impression and wait until ready; (6) Release the duplicate impression; (7) Inject wax into the fenestration, around the protruding part of the duplicate impression (8) peel off the impression tray attached to the replica impression; (9) connect the implant model and the replica impression, and send the above parts to the dental laboratory; (10) the laboratory technician will cast the material and prepare the stone (11) the dentist selects the stone model he or she thinks is most suitable, sends it back to the laboratory, and (12) the laboratory technician adjusts the abutment, which may then be It is sent to the dentist again for a trial fit in the patient's mouth, and then the abutment is adjusted again based on the doctor's request, and a crown is added to the top of the abutment.
Sendax的美国专利4,975,059披露了一种浇筑式种植基牙。如图1所示，浇筑式种植基牙10是一种比较优良的丙烯酸塑料浇筑体。该基牙10有12个底部外螺纹，它们可以精确地旋入一个圆柱形磷灰石涂层植入体的每个螺纹扣(图中没有显示)。该丙烯酸材质的基牙10可能是机制的或模型浇筑的。基牙10的外部尺寸符合于所试图配套植入体类型的外部尺寸。基牙10的顶部有一个交叉线刻画的凹槽系统14，在该系统的表面16刻上凹槽，这样可允许向下旋转基牙10进入病人颚骨中的植入体(图中未显示)。这是在植入体已经整合了有关骨结构和手术移除覆盖物之后的首要工作。此时，该基牙10已经可非常轻松地旋入合适位置，同时加入微量的润滑剂以保证可方便地拧松而不会使得丙烯酸材质破损。之后，切掉成一定的角度以形成表面18，从而使得该表面同其他口腔中颚骨的植入体或基牙达到协调关系，同时也使得相对应的(相反方向的)颚骨保持协调。这样的基牙10角度的再调整或再定位是保证基牙和其总体舒适度的关键之所在。正如在Sendax要求1所述，该塑料材质植入式基牙10将会用于金属(并且是最终)基牙的浇筑，该金属材质的基牙具有与有内螺纹的植入体保持匹配的能力。US Patent 4,975,059 to Sendax discloses a poured implant abutment. As shown in FIG. 1 , the poured implant abutment 10 is a relatively good acrylic plastic cast body. The abutment 10 has 12 bottom external threads, which can be precisely screwed into each threaded button of a cylindrical apatite-coated implant (not shown in the figure). The acrylic abutment 10 may be machined or mold cast. The external dimensions of the abutment 10 correspond to those of the type of implant with which it is intended to be fitted. The top of the abutment 10 has a cross-hatched groove system 14, and the surface 16 of the system is grooved to allow downward rotation of the abutment 10 into an implant in the patient's jawbone (not shown in the figure). ). This is the first job after the implant has integrated the relevant bone structure and the covering has been surgically removed. At this point, the abutment 10 can be easily screwed into a proper position, and a small amount of lubricant is added to ensure that it can be easily unscrewed without damaging the acrylic material. Thereafter, it is cut away at an angle to form the surface 18 so that the surface is brought into harmony with the implant or abutment of the other jawbone in the oral cavity, while also being in harmony with the corresponding (oppositely oriented) jawbone. Such readjustment or repositioning of the angle of the abutment 10 is the key to ensuring the abutment and its overall comfort. As stated in Sendax Requirement 1, the plastic material implantable abutment 10 will be used to cast a metal (and final) abutment with a matching internally threaded implant. ability.
很明显，在Sendax的美国专利4,975,075基牙10仍然是一个临时性的基牙，只是作为以后阶段的最终或永久性基牙的功能性模型(模体)。该基牙10将会被送至一个实验室用于制作最终或永久性基牙。如Sendax所披露，在该结构被置入口腔和旋入适当的位置之前，定制基牙的最终制作会在间接实验室完成制模、浇筑、完成和抛光外部工作。(Lines 65-68,Column 2)在牙齿修复完成之后，临时性的基牙10将被丢弃，同时会替换为最终或永久性基牙，该定制基牙可在患者口腔内使用寿命若干年或数十年之久。It is evident that in Sendax US Patent 4,975,075 the abutment 10 is still a temporary abutment, only serving as a functional model (pattern) for the final or permanent abutment at a later stage. The abutment 10 will be sent to a laboratory for final or permanent abutment fabrication. As disclosed by Sendax, the final fabrication of the custom abutment involves molding, pouring, finishing and polishing the exterior in an indirect laboratory before the construct is placed in the mouth and screwed into place. (Lines 65-68, Column 2) After the restoration of the tooth is completed, the temporary abutment 10 is discarded and replaced with a final or permanent abutment, which can be used in the patient's mouth for several years or For decades.
所熟知的口腔修复程序存在某些不利因素，该方法的程序极为复杂，这导致种植牙很低的渗透率。现在不到5％的全科牙医有能力实施牙移植的手术替换，不到10％的全科牙医事实上由于当前技术的复杂性而进行种植修复工作。为了增加牙齿种植修复行业的渗透率，牙科医生需要使用简化的修复程序和技术，它们应该是直截了当的、高性价比的，并且也包括极低的住院访问。对以下的责任的强调也是必要的，即为了适当地在所计划植入体区域的一个软组织模型实施精准的转移，绝大多数基牙系统现在使用封闭式或开放式托盘印模技术。这些技术需要由一名牙科实验室技师在实验室进行基牙的修正工作；或者使用替代方法，一名医生使用一个临时性的的塑料基牙，按照病人的口腔进行修正，然后将其送交至实验室基于临时性基牙实施金属基牙的浇筑。这些复杂的程序明显地增加了实验室费用，减少牙科医生 的利润约1/4至1/3，同时也会花费病人更多的费用和时间。The well-known prosthodontic procedure has certain disadvantages, the procedure of this method is very complicated, which leads to a very low penetration rate of dental implants. Fewer than 5% of general dentists are now capable of performing surgical replacements for dental implants, and less than 10% of general dentists actually perform implant restoration work due to the complexity of current technology. To increase the penetration rate of the dental implant restoration industry, dentists need to use simplified restoration procedures and techniques that are straightforward, cost-effective, and also include extremely low hospital visits. It is also necessary to emphasize the responsibility that most abutment systems now use closed or open tray impression techniques in order to properly perform precise transfer of a soft tissue model in the area of the planned implant. These techniques require the revision of the abutment to be performed in the laboratory by a dental laboratory technician; or alternatively, a doctor uses a temporary plastic abutment, conforms the revision to the patient's mouth, and sends it to the To the laboratory to implement the pouring of metal abutments based on temporary abutments. These complex procedures significantly increase laboratory costs, reduce the dentist's profit by about 1/4 to 1/3, and also cost the patient more money and time.
另一个问题是按照现有的技术，牙齿植入系统需要大量的含有螺纹的假体牙冠附件来协调用于牙科实务中的不同的修复方法。近期，存在三种主要的修复方法，固定式单体的或多单元的粘固粉牙冠义齿，可拆卸式单体的或多单元的螺旋留置义齿，以及可拆卸式覆盖义齿。为了配合这些不同的修复方法，需要备有大量不同元件的存货，对于牙科专业人士而言则需要投入大量的时间和金钱。Another problem is that, according to the prior art, dental implant systems require a large number of threaded prosthetic crown attachments to coordinate the different restoration methods used in dental practice. Currently, three main restoration approaches exist, fixed one-piece or multi-unit cement crown dentures, removable one-piece or multi-unit spiral indwelling dentures, and removable overdentures. Accommodating these different restoration methods requires an inventory of a large number of different components, which represents a significant investment of time and money for the dental professional.
与牙齿植入有关的另一个问题仍然是外科医生和修复牙科医生没有能力选择最终的基牙。牙科实验室会特别决定基于对病人口腔所置入的塑料印模的分析需要什么类型的基牙。这会阻碍外科医生或修复牙科医生有能力观察和纠正任何的角度问题或组织厚度差异问题。Another problem associated with dental implants remains the inability of surgeons and restorative dentists to select the final abutment. The dental laboratory will specifically decide what type of abutment is needed based on an analysis of the plastic impression placed in the patient's mouth. This hinders the ability of the surgeon or restorative dentist to observe and correct any angulation problems or tissue thickness differences.
从有利的角度来看，当前所发明的技术提供了一种牙科植入修复的新方法，它展示了众多的优点，如简化的程序、高性价比、减少排队时间、降低1-2次的实验室访问，以及减少医院访问。在某些实例中，当前发明的技术有能力使得口腔外科医生或修复牙科医生在任何时间按照来调整基牙，以便获得理想形状，勾画基牙。该发明的方法可以在牙科医生的办公场所完成，采用可达到在牙龈组织和牙冠一旦安装以后最小的无误差的水准，同时减少返还基牙系统至牙科医生实验室调试的需求。From a favorable point of view, the currently invented technology provides a new approach to dental implant restoration, which exhibits numerous advantages such as simplified procedures, high cost performance, reduced queuing time, and reduced 1-2 experiments room visits, and reduced hospital visits. In some instances, the technology of the present invention has the ability to allow the oral surgeon or restorative dentist to adjust the abutment at any time in order to obtain the desired shape and outline of the abutment. The inventive method can be performed in the dentist's office with a level of error-free minimal error once installed in the gum tissue and crown, while reducing the need to return the abutment system to the dentist's laboratory for adjustment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种牙科修复方法，其技术方案如下：The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dental restoration method, and its technical scheme is as follows:
(1)一种牙科修复方法，包括如下步骤：(1) A dental restoration method, comprising the steps of:
(i)副牙冠构件包含一个最终邻接组件和一个牙齿移植组件，将副牙冠构件的牙齿移植组件植入颚骨内，所述的最终邻接组件包括一个由非钛材料制成的可修正部分，并通过修改可修正部分进行定制；所述最终邻接组件包括一个可修正部分和一个不可修正部分；(i) The accessory crown component includes a final abutment component and a tooth implant component, the tooth graft component of the accessory crown component is implanted in the jawbone, said final abutment component includes a modifiable part, and customized by modifying the modifiable part; said final contiguous assembly includes a modifiable part and a non-modifiable part;
(ii)在口腔环境内，直接测量可修正部分表面的一个位置L1和可修正部分周围某个物体表面之间的最短距离X1；(ii) In the oral environment, directly measure the shortest distance X1 between a position L1 on the surface of the modifiable part and the surface of an object around the modifiable part;
(iii)比较X1与预定值Y1，且Y1>0；(iii) comparing X1 with a predetermined value Y1, and Y1>0;
(iv)如果X1<Y1，修改口腔内位于L1的可修正部分，且不用从口腔内去除可修正部分达到增加最短距离X1直到X1≥Y1；(iv) If X1<Y1, modify the modifiable part of the oral cavity at L1 without removing the modifiable part from the oral cavity to increase the shortest distance X1 until X1≥Y1;
(v)任选地重复步骤(i)和步骤(iv)，在可修正部分的表层的一个或多个点测量相应的最短距离Xn和相应的预定值Yn直到Xn≥Yn，其中Yn＞0，n是一个整数，而n≥2，这样就能够完全定制最终邻接组件；(v) optionally repeating steps (i) and (iv), measuring the corresponding shortest distance Xn and the corresponding predetermined value Yn at one or more points on the surface of the modifiable part until Xn≥Yn, where Yn>0 , n is an integer, and n≥2, so that the final adjacency component can be fully customized;
(vi)在完全化定制的最终邻接组件的造型基础上制作牙冠；(vi) Fabricate a crown based on the shape of a fully customized final adjoining component;
(vii)将牙冠植入安装在完全化定制的最终邻接组件上，完成牙科修复；(vii) The dental restoration is completed by installing the crown implant on a fully customized final adjoining component;
将所述最终邻接组件下端制成多角插槽，并将所述牙齿移植组件上端制成多角凸起，使用一个两端各带有凸起的连接器连接多角插槽和多角凸起，最终邻接组件留有内部螺孔，连接器留有内部螺孔，牙齿移植组件留有一内部螺孔；将定位螺丝分别穿过最终邻接组件、连接器和牙齿移植组件的内部螺孔。The lower end of the final adjoining component is made into a polygonal socket, and the upper end of the tooth implant component is made into a polygonal protrusion, and a connector with protrusions at both ends is used to connect the polygonal slot and the polygonal protrusion, and the final abutment The component has an internal screw hole, the connector has an internal screw hole, and the dental implant component has an internal screw hole; the set screw is respectively passed through the internal screw holes of the final adjoining component, the connector and the dental implant component.
(2)根据(1)所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的非钛材料选自不锈钢、金、银、铂、铁、钯、铱、锇、铑、钌；氧化物；碳化物如碳化硅、硼化物、氮化物、硅化物；盐如铝硅酸盐，硅酸盐如锂硅酸盐、铝酸盐、磷酸盐、氟酸盐、锆酸盐和钛酸盐；陶瓷材料如瓷器、含有氧化铝的白色石头以及玻璃；高分子材料；任何复合物例如由有机粘合剂组成的无机-无机复合材料和聚合物-无机复合材料、以及它们的任意组合组成的复合物。(2) According to the dental restoration method described in (1), the non-titanium material mentioned in the method is selected from stainless steel, gold, silver, platinum, iron, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium; oxide; Carbides such as silicon carbide, boride, nitride, silicide; salts such as aluminosilicates, silicates such as lithium silicates, aluminates, phosphates, fluorides, zirconates and titanates; Ceramic materials such as porcelain, white stone containing alumina, and glass; polymer materials; any composites such as inorganic-inorganic composites and polymer-inorganic composites consisting of organic binders, and composites consisting of any combination thereof things.
(3)根据(1)或(2)所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的非钛材料选自锆、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)和氧化铝。(3) The dental restoration method according to (1) or (2), wherein the non-titanium material mentioned in the method is selected from zirconium, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and alumina.
(4)根据(1)-(3)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件包括一个可修改部分和一个不可修改部分。(4) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(3), wherein said final abutment component includes a modifiable part and a non-modifiable part.
(5)根据(1)-(4)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的口腔内最终邻接组件选自从牙周组织、牙龈组织、一个牙齿、和可修复部分。(5) The dental restorative method according to any one of (1)-(4), wherein the final adjoining component in the oral cavity mentioned in the method is selected from periodontal tissue, gingival tissue, a tooth, and a restorable part .
(6)根据(1)-(5)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件在ASTM D-1474标准下，其硬度为H≥10(努普硬度值)或等值。(6) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(5), the final adjoining component mentioned in the method is under the ASTM D-1474 standard, and its hardness is H≥10 (Knoop hardness value) or equivalent.
(7)根据(1)-(6)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的牙科植入组件具有刚性、相容性和强直性等特点。(7) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(6), the dental implant component mentioned in the method has the characteristics of rigidity, compatibility and ankylosis.
(8)根据(1)-(7)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的牙科植入组件包含一个由纯钛材料、二氧化钛(TiO2)、钛合金例如tial6v4合金、不锈钢、锆、钴铬钼合金、高分子材料、以及上述任何组合制成的材料。(8) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(7), the dental implant component mentioned in the method comprises a pure titanium material, titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium alloy such as tial6v4 alloy , stainless steel, zirconium, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys, polymer materials, and materials made of any combination of the above.
(9)根据(1)-(8)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件是预先生成的，并包含了一个具有刚性和生物相容性的类似于牙质的材料。(9) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(8), wherein the final adjoining component mentioned in the method is pre-generated and includes a rigid and biocompatible similar Dentin material.
(10)根据(1)-(9)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件包含一个材料，而该材料选自金属材料；氧化物；碳化物如碳化硅、硼化物、氮化物、硅化物；盐如铝硅酸盐，硅酸盐如锂硅酸盐，铝酸盐、磷酸盐、氟酸盐、锆酸盐和钛酸盐；陶瓷材料如瓷器、含有氧化铝的白色石头以及玻璃；高分子材料；任何复合物例如由有机粘合剂组成的无机-无机复合材料和聚合物-无机复合材料，以及它们的任意组合组成的复合物。(10) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(9), wherein said final adjoining component comprises a material selected from metallic materials; oxides; carbides such as Silicon carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides; salts such as aluminosilicates, silicates such as lithium silicates, aluminates, phosphates, fluorides, zirconates and titanates; ceramic materials such as Porcelain, white stone containing alumina, and glass; polymer materials; any composites such as inorganic-inorganic composites and polymer-inorganic composites composed of organic binders, and composites composed of any combination thereof.
(11)根据(1)-(10)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，该方法中所提到的金属选自不锈钢、金、银、铂、铁、钯、铱、钌、铑、锇、汞齐、合金、以及上述的任何组合物。(11) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(10), the metal mentioned in the method is selected from stainless steel, gold, silver, platinum, iron, palladium, iridium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium , amalgams, alloys, and any combination thereof.
(12)根据(1)-(11)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的氧化物选自周期表中的IIIA、IIIB、IVB的氧化物元素；Hf、Y、Ce、Sc和Er氧化物；氧化锆、铝氧化物或氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化氮硅铝、莫来石、氧化锂、氧化锌、氧化钾、五氧化二磷、氧化钙、氧化钡、氧化锶和氧化镁；染色和荧光金属氧化物，如氧化铽、氧化钽、氧化铒氧化、氧化镧、氧化钇、氧化铁、二氧化锰、氧化铈和五氧化二钒；以及上述组合。(12) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(11), the oxide mentioned in the method is selected from the oxide elements of IIIA, IIIB, and IVB in the periodic table; Hf, Y , Ce, Sc and Er oxides; zirconia, aluminum oxide or aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon aluminum oxide, mullite, lithium oxide, zinc oxide, potassium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide, oxide Barium, strontium oxide, and magnesium oxide; dyed and fluorescent metal oxides such as terbium oxide, tantalum oxide, erbium oxide, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, iron oxide, manganese dioxide, cerium oxide, and vanadium pentoxide; and combinations of the above .
(13)根据(1)-(12)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的聚合物材料选自热固性材料、热塑性材料、丙烯酸聚合物、甲基丙烯酸聚合物、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚(甲基丙烯酸乙酯)、聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯)、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚芳基醚酮(PAEK)、聚醚酮酮(PEKK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚酮醚酮酮(PEKEKK)、乙烯基酯、环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺、聚芳酯、聚丙烯酸酯、光敏聚合物、聚烯烃、超高分子量聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚氨酯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯酸化聚酯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物、聚砜、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、聚二甲基丙烯酸酯(PUDMA)、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGDMA)、氨基甲酸乙酯二甲基丙烯酸酯(UDMA)、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯的聚合物,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)、二甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(DEGDMA)、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)、酸甲酯丙烯酸甲酯、三羟甲基丙烷(TMPTMA)、二苯砜二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PTMGDMA)、己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(1,6HDDMA)、聚碳酸酯二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PCDMA)、聚苯硫醚；甲基丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯混合物(UDMA)、聚碳酸酯二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PCDMA)和三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)；双酚A(双-GMA)的双甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯加合物和丙烯酸的相对物；2,2,3-三甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯与羟烷基丙烯酸物种例如甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯和丙烯酸羟丙酯加合物；以及上述任何组合的组成物。(13) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(12), the polymer material mentioned in the method is selected from thermosetting materials, thermoplastic materials, acrylic polymers, methacrylic polymers, Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), polyamide, polyester, polyaryl ether ketone (PAEK), polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) , polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone ether ketone ketone (PEKEKK), vinyl ester, epoxy resin, polyimide, polyarylate, polyacrylate, photopolymer, polyolefin, ultra-high molecular weight Polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyurethane, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylated polyester, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer, polysulfone, polycarbonate ester, polyoxymethylene, polydimethacrylate (PUDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), urethane dimethacrylate ( UDMA), polymers of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (DEGDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), Methyl acrylate, trimethylolpropane (TMPTMA), diphenylsulfone dimethacrylate, polytetramethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PTMGDMA), hexanediol dimethacrylate (1,6HDDMA ), polycarbonate diol dimethacrylate (PCDMA), polyphenylene sulfide; methacrylate urethane mixture (UDMA), polycarbonate diol dimethacrylate (PCDMA) and triethylene glycol Dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); bisglycidyl methacrylate adduct of bisphenol A (bis-GMA) and counterpart of acrylic acid; 2,2,3-trimethylpentane diisocyanate with hydroxyalkane Acrylic acid species such as hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl acrylate adducts; and compositions of any combination of the foregoing.
(14)根据(1)-(13)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的聚合物材料是由一个或多个的单体或低聚物制成，这些低聚物选自甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸异丙酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸羟丙基、2-羟-1,3-dimethacryloxypropane、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异丁酯、丁氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯、甲基丙烯酸癸酯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、2-甲氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸苄酯、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、乙二醇丙烯酸酯、丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、1,3-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,6-己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷、丙二醇丙烯酸酯、二甲基甲烷季戊四醇丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇四甲基、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、2,2-双丙烷、2,2-双丙烷(4-(2-羟基-3-methacryloxypropoxy)苯基)、2,2-双甲烷(4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl)、2,2-双丙烷及其酯 (4-methacryloxypolyethoxyph-enyl)、而分子中含有甲基丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯键、如di-2-methacryloxyethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene二氨基甲酸甲酯、1,3,5-三(1,3-双(甲基丙烯酰氧基)-1-2-propoxycarbonylaminohexane)-5-(1H、3H、5h)三嗪2,4,6-特里翁、氨基甲酸酯低聚物合成2,2’-双甲烷(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)、2-oxepanone、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、由1,3-丁二醇聚氨酯预聚体、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯的合成的氨基甲酸酯低聚物的合成物。(14) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(13), the polymer material mentioned in the method is made of one or more monomers or oligomers, these low Polymers selected from methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, acrylic acid, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxy-1,3-dimethacryloxypropane, butyl methacrylate, methyl Isobutyl Acrylate, Butoxyethyl Methacrylate, Hydroxypropyl Methacrylate, Decyl Methacrylate, Glycidyl Methacrylate, 2-Methoxyethyl Methacrylate, Methacrylic Acid 2-Ethylhexyl, Benzyl Methacrylate, Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Ethylene Glycol Acrylate, Butylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, methyl methacrylate, 1,3-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate , Trimethylolpropane, Propylene Glycol Acrylate, Dimethylmethane Pentaerythritol Acrylate, Acrylate, Pentaerythritol Tetramethyl, Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, 2,2-Dipropane, 2,2-Dipropane ( 4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl), 2,2-bismethane (4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl), 2,2-bispropane and its ester (4-methacryloxypolyethoxyph-enyl), and the molecule contains methyl Acrylic urethane linkages, such as di-2-methacryloxyethyl-2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene dicarbamate, 1,3,5-tris(1,3-bis(methacryloyloxy)-1 -2-propoxycarbonylaminohexane)-5-(1H, 3H, 5h) triazine 2,4,6-trion, carbamate oligomer synthesis 2,2'-bis methane (4-hydroxycyclohexyl), 2- Oxepanone, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, synthetic urethane from 1,3-butanediol polyurethane prepolymer, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate Polymer composition.
(15)根据(1)-(14)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的聚合物材料还包括材料选自色素；不透明材料；纤维，粉末和颗粒物；纤维增强材料，如玻璃纤维增强、bariumborosilicate玻璃材料、玻璃纤维增强复合材料(FRC)如光聚合的玻璃纤维复合材料；涂料如硅土、硅酸盐玻璃、石英石、硅酸盐、硫酸钡、钼酸钡钡钡钡钇、甲基丙烯酸、烷氧基(Ba2Y(或)X)、硅酸锶、锶钡硼硅酸盐、硼、硼硅酸盐、硅酸锂、无定形二氧化硅、氨化和脱氨的磷酸钙和氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化锡、氧化钽、铌氧化物、二氧化钛、碳、石墨、芳族聚酰胺、聚乙烯、聚酯、聚酰胺任何组合；含有粉末的玻璃无机填料，如二氧化硅、氧化钡玻璃、氧化铝玻璃、钾质玻璃和氟铝硅酸盐玻璃，合成沸石，磷酸钙，钾长石，气相二氧化硅，铝硅酸盐，硅酸钙，碳酸镁和石英石，其中无机填料将由氯乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三氯硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷、和乙烯基三甲基硅烷硅烷(甲氧基乙氧基)以及上述任何组合合成物进行表面处理。(15) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(14), the polymer material mentioned in the method also includes a material selected from pigments; opaque materials; fibers, powders and granules; fiber reinforcement Materials such as glass fiber reinforced, bariumborosilicate glass materials, glass fiber reinforced composites (FRC) such as photopolymerized glass fiber composites; coatings such as silica, silicate glass, quartz stone, silicate, barium sulfate, molybdic acid Barium Barium Barium Barium Yttrium, Methacrylic Acid, Alkoxy (Ba2Y(or)X), Strontium Silicate, Strontium Barium Borosilicate, Boron, Borosilicate, Lithium Silicate, Amorphous Silica, Ammonia Calcium phosphate and deaminated calcium phosphate and any combination of alumina, zirconia, tin oxide, tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon, graphite, aramid, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide; glass containing powder Inorganic fillers such as silica, barium oxide glass, alumina glass, potassium glass and fluoroaluminosilicate glass, synthetic zeolites, calcium phosphate, potassium feldspar, fumed silica, aluminosilicates, calcium silicate , magnesium carbonate and quartz stone, wherein the inorganic filler will be composed of chlorovinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane, and Vinyltrimethylsilylsilane (methoxyethoxy) and any combination of the above compositions for surface treatment.
(16)根据(1)-(15)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的牙冠是刚性的和半透明的。(16) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(15), wherein the dental crown mentioned in the method is rigid and translucent.
(17)根据(1)-(16)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的牙冠包含的材料之一选自从瓷器、金属、金属合金、陶瓷材料、高分子材料、以及上述任何组合的合成物。(17) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(16), one of the materials contained in the dental crown mentioned in the method is selected from the group consisting of porcelain, metal, metal alloy, ceramic material, polymer materials, and compositions of any combination of the foregoing.
(18)根据(1)-(17)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件的修改将通过机械操作、化学方法、光学方法如激光切割和紫外线降解、热处理例如加热控制、以及上述任何方法互相配合等进行。(18) The dental restorative method according to any one of (1)-(17), wherein the modification of the final adjoining components mentioned in said method will be performed by mechanical manipulation, chemical methods, optical methods such as laser cutting and UV degradation , heat treatment such as heating control, and any of the above-mentioned methods are carried out in cooperation with each other.
(19)根据(1)-(18)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中所提到的最终邻接组件的修改是由选自钻头或旋转锉；钻石；多功能金刚石牙钻；由如碳化钨钢制成的牙科合金钻头；牙科烧结金刚石钻头；锥磨锉；牙科金刚石圆盘；硬质合金刀具；并行铣刀；牙科钢钻；以及上述任意组合制成的工具进行操作的。(19) According to the dental restoration method described in any one of (1)-(18), the modification of the final abutment assembly mentioned in the method is made by selecting from a drill bit or a rotary file; a diamond; a multifunctional diamond dental drill ; dental alloy drill bits made of, for example, tungsten carbide steel; dental sintered diamond drill bits; cone burrs; dental diamond discs; carbide cutters; parallel milling cutters; dental steel drills; and tools made of any combination of the foregoing of.
(20)根据(1)-(19)任一项所述的牙科修复方法，所述方法中提到在使用该工具前，最终邻接组件要进行预处理以减轻在L1处的压力；而预处理可以选择以下任一项，如蒸汽疗 法、溶解法、化学处理如使用试剂(如HF，酸剂和配剂)进行蚀刻和降解。(20) The dental restoration method according to any one of (1)-(19), wherein it is mentioned that before using the tool, the final adjoining component shall be pre-treated to relieve the pressure at L1; and the pre-treatment The treatment can be selected from any of the following, such as vapor therapy, dissolution, chemical treatment such as etching and degradation using reagents (such as HF, acids and formulations).
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是一个按照当前的技术Sendax的美国专利4,975,059浇注式种植基牙的透视图；Figure 1 is a perspective view of a castable implant abutment according to the current technology Sendax US Patent 4,975,059;
图2a描绘了一个包括最终基牙部件和将会整合进入一个单体的种植牙部件的口腔修复系统；Figure 2a depicts an oral restorative system comprising final abutment components and implant components to be integrated into a single body;
图2b描绘了一个类似于图2a的口腔修复系统，除了最终基牙组件有一个可修正部分和不可修正部分之外；Figure 2b depicts a restorative oral system similar to Figure 2a, except that the final abutment component has a modifiable and non-modifiable part;
图3a描绘了一个包括最终基牙部件和一个有两枚独立片的种植牙部件的口腔修复系统；Figure 3a depicts a prosthodontic system including the final abutment component and an implant component with two separate pieces;
图3b描绘了一个类似于图3a的口腔修复系统，除了最终基牙组件有一个可修正部分和不可修正部分之外；Figure 3b depicts a restorative oral system similar to Figure 3a, except that the final abutment component has a modifiable and non-modifiable part;
图4a描绘了一个包括最终基牙部件、螺丝和种植牙部件的口腔修复系统；Figure 4a depicts an oral restoration system including final abutment components, screws and implant components;
图4b描绘了一个类似于图4a的口腔修复系统，除了最终基牙组件有一个可修正部分和不可修正部分之外；Figure 4b depicts a restorative oral system similar to Figure 4a, except that the final abutment component has a modifiable and non-modifiable portion;
图5a描绘了包括一个最终基牙部件、一个螺丝、一个连接头和一个种植牙部件的口腔修复系统；Figure 5a depicts an oral restoration system comprising a final abutment component, a screw, a connector and an implant component;
图5b描绘了一个类似于图5a的口腔修复系统，除了最终基牙组件有一个可修正部分和不可修正部分之外；Figure 5b depicts a restorative oral system similar to that of Figure 5a, except that the final abutment component has a modifiable and non-modifiable portion;
图6(i)描绘了前述(i)步骤，即安装一个位于牙冠下方的且包括一个最终基牙部件和一个种植牙的构件进入颚骨；Figure 6(i) depicts the aforementioned (i) step of installing a component under the crown and comprising a final abutment component and an implant into the jawbone;
图6(ii)描绘了上述(ii)步骤，即测量最短的距离X1；Figure 6(ii) depicts the above-mentioned (ii) step, namely measuring the shortest distance X1;
图6(iii)描绘了上述(iii)步骤，即比较X1的值与Y1预定值；Fig. 6 (iii) has described above-mentioned (iii) step, promptly compares the value of X1 and the predetermined value of Y1;
图6(iv)描绘了上述(iv)步骤，即直接调整最终基牙的可调整部分；Figure 6(iv) depicts the step (iv) above, ie directly adjusting the adjustable portion of the final abutment;
图6(v)描绘了上述可选的(v)步骤，即重复(ii)—(iv)步骤按照一个或多个的其他位置Ln；Figure 6(v) depicts the above optional (v) step, that is, repeating (ii)-(iv) steps according to one or more other positions Ln;
图6(vi)描绘了上述的(vi)步骤，即生成一个完全的定制牙冠；并且Figure 6(vi) depicts the above (vi) step, i.e. generating a complete custom crown; and
图6(vii)描绘了上述(vii)步骤，即连接牙冠至完全定制的最终基牙组件。Fig. 6(vii) depicts the step of (vii) above, ie connecting the crown to a fully customized final abutment assembly.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
术语“最终(final)”意指所发明的最终基牙组件不同于Sendax的美国专利4,975,059基牙10。而当前发明的最终基牙组件，会被直接在病人口腔里调整(定制)成为一个永久性 的可用于病人口腔内使用寿命达数年甚至数十年基牙，Sendax的美国专利4,975,059基牙10仅仅是一种暂时性的基牙，或者其是一种准备用于Sendax下一步的(将被由)最终或永久性基牙替代的模拟体(或模型)。The term "final" means that the final abutment component invented is different from Sendax's US Patent 4,975,059 abutment 10 . The final abutment component of the current invention will be directly adjusted (customized) in the patient's mouth to become a permanent abutment that can be used in the patient's oral cavity for several years or even decades. Sendax's US Patent 4,975,059 abutment 10 A temporary abutment only, or it is an analog (or model) to be used in the next step of the Sendax to be replaced by a final or permanent abutment.
参考图2a，该口腔修复系统包括一个牙冠21、一个位于牙冠下方的构件22(它包含一个最终邻接组件23和一个牙齿移植组件24)。最终邻接组件23和牙齿移植组件24整合进入一个单一结构。整个最终邻接组件23是可调整部分当它用于该发明的口腔修复流程。整个位于牙冠下方的构件22可由非钛金属材料制成，如氧化锆；聚醚醚酮(PEEK)；牙体材料从3M ESPE(St.Paul,MN 55144)包括LavaTM牌的陶瓷材料如LavaTM的氧化锆，,ParadigmTM牌MZ100类型用于ParadigmTM牌MZ100类型用于和ParadigmTM牌C类型用于氧化铝Super Z(YTZP),和ZirDentTM牌计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造(CAD/CAM)材料来自C5医疗厂(哥伦比亚州大连接区河滨公园路2451号,邮编81505)。Referring to Figure 2a, the oral restoration system includes a crown 21, a component 22 below the crown (which includes a final abutment component 23 and a tooth implant component 24). Ultimately the abutment assembly 23 and the dental implant assembly 24 are integrated into a single structure. The entire final abutment assembly 23 is an adjustable part as it is used in the inventive prosthodontic procedure. The whole component 22 positioned under the crown can be made of non-titanium metal materials, such as zirconia; polyetheretherketone (PEEK); dental material includes ceramic materials of LavaTM brand from 3M ESPE (St.Paul, MN 55144) Zirconia from LavaTM,ParadigmTM brand MZ100 type is used for ParadigmTM brand MZ100 type for and ParadigmTM brand C type for Alumina Super Z (YTZP), and ZirDentTM brand computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials were obtained from C5 Medical Plant (2451 Riverside Parkway, Greater Connectivity, Columbia, 81505).
图2b与图2a相似，不同之处在于图2b的最终邻接组件23带有一个可修正部分23a和一个不可修正部分23b。而可修正部分23a在本发明的牙齿修复过程中可以修正，而不可修正部分23b则不可修正。不可修正部分23b用于形成定型塞以及定型器调节。定型器和定型塞在待审U.S.申请编号13/138,726中均已披露，本文已做全文引述。例如，在U.S.申请13/138,726的图1中，阐明了一个定型器102和一个定型塞105，以及它们是如何在牙齿修复过程中协同工作的。可能用到各种形式的定型塞。例如，在不可修正部分23b的底部可能会有一个或多个凸起，在不可修正部分23b上可能会有一个规则或不规则环形肩。在实际操作中，牙齿移植组件24、可修正部分23a、不可修正部分23b以及上述定型塞组成一个独立构件(即整个22号副牙冠)，并如上所述由无钛金属制成。Figure 2b is similar to Figure 2a except that the final abutment assembly 23 of Figure 2b has a modifiable portion 23a and a non-modifiable portion 23b. While the modifiable part 23a can be corrected during the tooth restoration process of the present invention, the non-modifiable part 23b cannot be corrected. The non-modifiable portion 23b is used for sizing plug formation and stylist adjustment. Both the shaper and shaper plug are disclosed in pending U.S. application Ser. No. 13/138,726, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example, in Fig. 1 of U.S. Application No. 13/138,726, a shaper 102 and a shaper plug 105 are illustrated and how they cooperate in the restoration of a tooth. Various forms of shaped plugs may be used. For example, there may be one or more protrusions at the bottom of the non-modifiable portion 23b, and there may be a regular or irregular annular shoulder on the non-modifiable portion 23b. In practice, the dental implant assembly 24, the modifiable portion 23a, the non-modifiable portion 23b, and the above-mentioned shaped plugs constitute a single component (ie, the entire Accessory 22 crown) and are made of titanium-free metal as described above.
根据图3a所示，牙齿修复系统由一个牙冠31和副牙冠构件32组成。副牙冠构件32包括一个最终邻接组件33和一个牙齿移植组件34。从牙齿移植组件34顶部延伸出一个螺丝36。在最终邻接组件33底部有一个螺母结构35(即一个内部螺孔)。将螺丝36旋入螺母结构35中可将最终邻接组件33和牙齿移植组件34固定在一起。在其它实际操作中，可以使用化学粘结(如：胶水)一个类似螺丝36的突出物和一个类似螺母结构35且与螺丝36匹配的插槽，从而将33和34固定在一起。虽然如上所述，最终邻接组件33是由无钛金属制成，但是牙齿移植组件34和螺丝36却是由钛金属如纯钛、氧化钛(TiO)和TiAl6V4合金之类的钛合金制成的。在其它实际操作中，牙齿移植组件34和螺丝36也可以用无钛金属制成。According to FIG. 3 a , the dental restoration system consists of a crown 31 and auxiliary crown components 32 . Accessory crown component 32 includes a final abutment component 33 and a tooth implant component 34 . Extending from the top of the dental implant assembly 34 is a screw 36 . At the bottom of the final abutment assembly 33 there is a nut formation 35 (ie an internal threaded hole). Threading the screw 36 into the nut structure 35 secures the final abutment assembly 33 and the dental implant assembly 34 together. In other practical operations, chemical bonding (such as glue) can be used to fix 33 and 34 together by using a protrusion similar to screw 36 and a socket similar to nut structure 35 that matches screw 36 . Although, as stated above, the final abutment component 33 is made of titanium-free metal, the dental implant component 34 and screw 36 are made of titanium metal such as pure titanium, titanium oxide (TiO) and titanium alloys such as TiAl6V4 alloys . In other practical implementations, dental implant assembly 34 and screw 36 may also be made of titanium-free metals.
图3b与图3a相似，不同之处在于图3b的最终邻接组件33带有一个可修正部分33a和一个不可修正部分33b。而可修正部分33a在本发明的牙齿修复过程中可以修正，而不可修正部分33b则不可修正。如上所述，不可修正部分33b用于形成定型塞以及定型器调节。Figure 3b is similar to Figure 3a except that the final abutment assembly 33 of Figure 3b has a modifiable portion 33a and a non-modifiable portion 33b. While the modifiable part 33a can be corrected during the tooth restoration process of the present invention, the non-modifiable part 33b cannot be corrected. As mentioned above, the non-correctable portion 33b is used for sizing plug formation and stylist adjustment.
根据图4a所示，牙齿修复系统由一个牙冠41和副牙冠构件42组成。副牙冠构件42包括一个最终邻接组件43和一个牙齿移植组件44。将最终邻接组件43下端制成多角凸起43e，并将牙齿移植组件44上端制成多角插槽44r，固定44e和44r，这样可防止与牙齿移植组件44相关的最终邻接组件43的旋转。最终邻接组件43留有一孔(最好为内部螺孔)45，并且牙齿移植组件44留有一内部螺孔46。将定位螺丝47穿过孔45，旋入孔46中，可将最终邻接组件43和牙齿移植组件44固定在一起。虽然如上所述，最终邻接组件43是由无钛金属制成，但是牙齿移植组件44和定位螺丝47却可由钛金属如纯钛、氧化钛(TiO)和TiAl6V4合金之类的钛合金制成。在其它实际操作中，44和47也可以用无钛金属制成。According to FIG. 4 a , the dental restoration system consists of a crown 41 and auxiliary crown components 42 . Accessory crown component 42 includes a final abutment component 43 and a tooth graft component 44 . The lower end of the final abutment assembly 43 is made into a polygonal protrusion 43e, and the upper end of the tooth implant assembly 44 is made into a polygonal slot 44r, and the fixing 44e and 44r can prevent the rotation of the final abutment assembly 43 related to the tooth implant assembly 44. The final abutment component 43 leaves a hole (preferably an internal threaded hole) 45 and the dental implant component 44 leaves an internal threaded hole 46 . The final abutment assembly 43 and the dental implant assembly 44 can be secured together by screwing a set screw 47 through the hole 45 and into the hole 46 . While final abutment component 43 is made of titanium-free metal as described above, dental implant component 44 and set screw 47 may be made of titanium metal such as pure titanium, titanium oxide (TiO) and titanium alloys such as TiAl6V4 alloy. In other practical implementations, 44 and 47 can also be made of titanium-free metal.
图4b与图4a相似，不同之处在于图4b的最终邻接组件43带有一个可修正部分43a和一个不可修正部分43b。而可修正部分43a在本发明的牙齿修复过程中可以修正，而不可修正部分43b则不可修正。如上所述，不可修正部分43b用于形成定型塞以及定型器调节。Figure 4b is similar to Figure 4a, except that the final abutment assembly 43 of Figure 4b has a modifiable portion 43a and a non-modifiable portion 43b. While the modifiable part 43a can be corrected during the tooth restoration process of the present invention, the non-modifiable part 43b cannot be corrected. As mentioned above, the non-correctable portion 43b is used for sizing plug formation and stylist adjustment.
根据图5a所示，牙齿修复系统由一个牙冠51和副牙冠构件52组成。副牙冠构件52包括一个最终邻接组件53和一个牙齿移植组件54。将最终邻接组件53下端制成多角插槽53r，并将牙齿移植组件54上端制成多角凸起54r，使用一个两端各带有凸起的连接器(未显示)连接53r和54r，这样可防止与牙齿移植组件54相关的最终邻接组件53的旋转。最终邻接组件53留有一孔(最好为内部螺孔)56，连接器55留有一孔(最好为内部螺孔)57，牙齿移植组件54留有一内部螺孔58。将定位螺丝59穿过孔56、57和58，可将最终邻接组件53、连接器55和牙齿移植组件54固定在一起。虽然如上所述，最终邻接组件53是由无钛金属制成，但是牙齿移植组件54，连接器55和定位螺丝59却可由钛金属如纯钛、氧化钛(TiO)和TiAl6V4合金之类的钛合金制成。在其它实际操作中，54、55和59也可以用无钛金属制成。As shown in FIG. 5 a , the dental restoration system consists of a crown 51 and auxiliary crown components 52 . Accessory crown component 52 includes a final abutment component 53 and a tooth graft component 54 . The lower end of the final abutment assembly 53 is made into a polygonal socket 53r, and the upper end of the tooth implant assembly 54 is made into a polygonal protrusion 54r, and a connector (not shown) with protrusions at both ends is used to connect 53r and 54r, so that Rotation of the final abutment assembly 53 relative to the dental implant assembly 54 is prevented. The final abutment component 53 has a hole (preferably an internal screw hole) 56 , the connector 55 has a hole (preferably an internal screw hole) 57 , and the dental implant component 54 has an internal screw hole 58 . The final abutment assembly 53, connector 55 and dental implant assembly 54 can be secured together by passing set screws 59 through holes 56, 57 and 58. Although, as stated above, final abutment component 53 is made of titanium-free metal, dental implant component 54, connector 55 and set screw 59 may be made of titanium metal such as pure titanium, titanium oxide (TiO) and titanium such as TiAl6V4 alloy. Alloy. In other practice, 54, 55 and 59 can also be made of titanium-free metal.
图5b与图5a相似，不同之处在于图5b的最终邻接组件53带有一个可修正部分53a和一个不可修正部分53b。而可修正部分53a在本发明的牙齿修复过程中可以修正，而不可修正部分53b则不可修正。如上所述，不可修正部分43b用于形成定型塞以及定型器调节。Figure 5b is similar to Figure 5a except that the final abutment assembly 53 of Figure 5b has a modifiable portion 53a and a non-modifiable portion 53b. While the modifiable part 53a can be corrected during the tooth restoration process of the present invention, the non-modifiable part 53b cannot be corrected. As mentioned above, the non-correctable portion 43b is used for sizing plug formation and stylist adjustment.
图6(i)——6(vii)使用示例方法阐释了前述依据本发明进行牙齿修复的步骤(i)——(vii)。图6(i)阐释步骤(i)，根据该图所示，一个副牙冠构件600(诸如图2a——5b中的22、32、42和52)包含一个最终邻接组件601(诸如图2a——5b中的23、33、43、和53)和一个牙齿移植组件602(诸如图2a——5b中的24、34、44、和54)。将副牙冠构件600的一部分——典型的牙齿移植组件602置入(如旋入)患者颚骨699内。本发明可用于代替单颗牙齿或多颗牙齿。代替单颗牙齿时，可使用常规技术首先进行植入位置准备。位置准备工作可能涉及钻孔工作，钻孔宽度大约为牙齿移植组件宽度。或者，植入位置也可使用攻丝 准备一个适当尺寸的孔，且螺纹尺寸应适合一个螺纹牙齿移植组件旋入该孔并与植入周围组织中。多颗牙齿替换通常使用植入器和植入桥架。例如，多颗缺齿造成的空隙，可用假体进行覆盖，依据本发明锚固副牙冠构件中的可修正最终邻接组件的一端，并将其另一端与天然齿(或一个牙齿植入副牙冠构件)粘合。锚固于两端的假体充当空隙“桥梁”的作用。Figures 6(i)-6(vii) illustrate the aforementioned steps (i)-(vii) of tooth restoration according to the present invention using an exemplary method. Figure 6(i) illustrates step (i), according to which an accessory crown component 600 (such as 22, 32, 42 and 52 in Figures 2a-5b) contains a final abutment assembly 601 (such as in Figure 2a - 23, 33, 43, and 53 in 5b) and a dental implant assembly 602 (such as 24, 34, 44, and 54 in Figures 2a - 5b). A typical dental implant assembly 602 , a portion of the accessory crown component 600 , is placed (eg, screwed) into the patient's jawbone 699 . The present invention can be used to replace a single tooth or multiple teeth. When replacing a single tooth, the implant site can be prepared first using conventional techniques. Site preparation may involve drilling a hole approximately the width of the dental implant component. Alternatively, the implant site may be tapped to prepare an appropriately sized hole with a thread dimension for a threaded dental implant component to be threaded into the hole and implanted into the surrounding tissue. Multiple tooth replacements usually use implants and implant bridges. For example, gaps caused by multiple missing teeth can be covered with a prosthesis, anchoring one end of the modifiable final abutment component in the accessory crown component according to the invention, and aligning the other end with the natural tooth (or a tooth implanted in the accessory tooth) crown components) bonding. The prosthesis, anchored at both ends, acts as a "bridge" to the void.
安装初期，牙齿移植组件无法承受正常咀嚼力量。只有在植入牙齿周围支撑组织长出后，方可安装邻接组件和牙冠之类的假体。在此期间，可能会插入一根闭合螺钉，从而保持移植牙齿内部清洁，防止污染周围组织。如图6(i)所示，一段时间后颚骨699内的骨组织以牙齿移植组件602结合。然后，组装副牙冠构件600，并与患者口腔内部的牙齿移植组件602固定在一起。在某些实际操作中，整个最终邻接组件601可修正，因此可称其为可修正部分。在其它实际操作中，最终邻接组件601包括一个可修正部分(为显示，例如图2a——5b中的23a、33a、43a和53a)和一个不可修正部分(未显示，例如图2a——5b中的23b、33b、43b和53b)。如上所述，最终邻接组件601由无钛金属制成；组件601应根据患者具体口腔环境，通过修正(如切挫等)可修正部分(整个邻接后其部分)进行定制。During initial installation, dental implant components cannot withstand normal chewing forces. Prosthetics such as adjoining components and crowns should only be fitted after the supporting tissue has grown around the implanted tooth. During this time, a closure screw may be inserted to keep the inside of the implant clean and prevent contamination of surrounding tissue. As shown in FIG. 6( i ), the bone tissue within the jawbone 699 is combined with the tooth implant assembly 602 after a period of time. Then, the accessory crown component 600 is assembled and fixed together with the dental implant assembly 602 inside the patient's oral cavity. In some implementations, the entire final adjoining component 601 is modifiable, and thus may be referred to as a modifiable portion. In other implementations, the final abutment component 601 includes a modifiable portion (for example, 23a, 33a, 43a, and 53a in FIGS. 23b, 33b, 43b and 53b in . As mentioned above, the final abutment component 601 is made of titanium-free metal; the component 601 should be customized according to the patient's specific oral environment by modifying (such as cutting files, etc.) the modifiable part (the part after the entire abutment).
图6(ii)阐释了步骤(ii)，根据该图所示，牙科医师可直接测量可修正部分表面(诸如最终邻接组件601顶部)的一个位置L1和可修正部分周围某个物体表面(诸如上牙604)之间的最短距离X1。测量应在患者口腔环境内，或其口中进行。Figure 6(ii) illustrates step (ii), according to which the dentist can directly measure a position L1 on the surface of the modifiable part (such as the top of the final abutment assembly 601) and an object surface around the modifiable part (such as The shortest distance X1 between the upper teeth 604). Measurements should be taken in the patient's oral environment, or in his or her mouth.
图6(iii)阐释了步骤(iii)，根据该图所示，牙科医师之后应比较X1值和一个预定值Y1，其中Y1>0。例如Y1为2mm，则在位置L1处未来安装牙冠的最小厚度为2mm。如果X1≥Y1(例如：X1＝2.5mm)，则可有足够空间在位置L1处安装厚度大于Y1的牙冠，并且这种牙冠在位置L1处将会十分牢固。在此类情况下(即X1≥Y1)，牙科医师不需要修正位置L1处的邻接601。Figure 6(iii) illustrates step (iii), according to which the dentist should then compare the X1 value with a predetermined value Y1, where Y1>0. For example, if Y1 is 2 mm, then the minimum thickness of the future crown to be installed at position L1 is 2 mm. If X1≥Y1 (for example: X1=2.5mm), there is enough space to install a crown with a thickness greater than Y1 at the position L1, and this crown will be very firm at the position L1. In such cases (ie X1 ≥ Y1 ), the dentist does not need to correct the abutment 601 at location L1 .
图6(iv)阐释了步骤(iv)，根据该图所示，如果牙科医师发现X1<Y1(如X1＝1.5mm)，则在位置L1处没有足够空间安装厚度大于Y1的牙冠，并且这种牙冠在位置L1处将会十分不牢靠。在此类情况下(即X1<Y1)，牙科医师必须修正位置L1处的邻接601。牙科医师可在患者口腔环境内直至直接修正位置L1处的可修正部分(即增加最短距离X1，直至X1≥Y1)，而不需要将可修正部分移出患者口腔。例如，牙科医师可使用钻头610从位置L1处的邻接组件上切挫掉一小层厚度至少为0.5mm的部分。将X1从1.5mm增加至2.0mm，使得X1≥Y1。Figure 6(iv) illustrates step (iv), according to this figure, if the dentist finds that X1<Y1 (such as X1=1.5mm), then there is not enough space to install a crown with a thickness greater than Y1 at position L1, and Such a crown would be very fragile at position L1. In such cases (ie X1 < Y1 ), the dentist has to correct the abutment 601 at location L1. The dentist can directly correct the modifiable part at the position L1 within the environment of the patient's mouth (ie, increase the shortest distance X1 until X1≥Y1), without moving the modifiable part out of the patient's mouth. For example, the dental practitioner may use the drill bit 610 to cut off a small layer of at least 0.5 mm in thickness from the adjoining component at location L1. Increase X1 from 1.5mm to 2.0mm such that X1≥Y1.
图6(v)阐释了步骤(v)，根据该图所示，如果牙科医师发现可修正部分表面有一处或多处位置Ln的相应最短距离Xn小于对应预定值Yn(即Xn<Yn)，其中Yn>0，n为整数，且n≥2，牙科医师则必须充分上述步骤(ii)——(iv)，直至位置Ln处的Xn≥Yn。此时，牙科 医师已完全定制好最终邻接组件例如，牙科医师直接测量可修正部分表面(注入最终邻接组件601的侧面)的位置L2和可修正部分周围物体的表面(诸如相邻牙齿605)之间的最短距离X2。如果X2<Y2(即X1＝1.0mm且Y2＝1.3mm)，则在位置L2处没有足够空间安装厚度大于Y2的牙冠，且这种牙冠(如果安装)在L2处将会十分不牢固。在此类情况下(即X2<Y2)，牙科医师必须修正位置L2处的邻接601。牙科医师可在患者口腔环境内直至直接修正位置L2处的可修正部分(即增加最短距离X2，直至X2≥Y2)，而不需要将可修正部分移出患者口腔。例如，牙科医师可从位置L2处的邻接组件上切挫掉一小层厚度至少为0.3mm的部分。将X2从1.0mm增加至至少1.3mm，使得X2≥Y2。Figure 6 (v) illustrates step (v), according to the figure, if the dentist finds that the corresponding shortest distance Xn of one or more positions Ln on the surface of the modifiable part is less than the corresponding predetermined value Yn (i.e. Xn<Yn), Where Yn>0, n is an integer, and n≥2, the dentist must complete the above steps (ii)-(iv) until Xn≥Yn at the position Ln. At this point, the dentist has fully customized the final abutment assembly. For example, the dentist directly measures the position L2 of the surface of the modifiable portion (injected into the side of the final abutment assembly 601) and the surface of the surrounding object of the modifiable portion (such as the adjacent tooth 605). The shortest distance between X2. If X2<Y2 (i.e. X1=1.0mm and Y2=1.3mm), there is not enough room at position L2 to install a crown thicker than Y2, and such a crown (if installed) will be very weak at L2 . In such cases (ie X2<Y2), the dentist must correct the abutment 601 at location L2. The dentist can directly correct the modifiable part at the position L2 within the environment of the patient's mouth (ie, increase the shortest distance X2 until X2≥Y2), without moving the modifiable part out of the patient's mouth. For example, the dental practitioner may cut off a small layer of thickness of at least 0.3 mm from the adjacent component at location L2. Increase X2 from 1.0mm to at least 1.3mm such that X2≥Y2.
参见图6，图解6，根据在之前步骤中定制而成的最终基牙尺寸，牙医可采用当时已知方法，如：采用印模盘688，完全依据特定患者牙齿情况制成牙冠620(如图2a-5b中所示21，31，41和51)。Referring to Fig. 6, illustration 6, according to the final abutment tooth size customized in the previous steps, the dentist can adopt known methods at that time, such as: using an impression plate 688, and making a crown 620 completely according to the specific patient's tooth condition (such as 21, 31, 41 and 51) shown in Figures 2a-5b.
参见图6，图解7，牙冠620随后需黏附在口腔环境(患者口中)中最终基牙601(完全根据患者基牙情况定制)上，完成牙齿修复。Referring to Fig. 6, Diagram 7, the crown 620 needs to be adhered to the final abutment 601 (completely customized according to the condition of the patient's abutment) in the oral environment (in the patient's mouth) to complete the tooth restoration.
牙齿移植所用材料要求严格，具有较高的生物兼容性和强直性。移植牙材料最好且推荐采用骨整合或骨内生长(骨组织生长)类型，也成为关节强直性材料。如：移植件可为中空或固体结构。中空结构有助于移植件的骨内生长。另外，移植件可内含孔洞，深入其内壁以促进骨内生长。移植件底部需为锥形，从而为整个牙床周围牙齿和组织提供动力负荷。例如：底部锥形可约为2～3级。移植件底部锥形，即移植牙直径，应从上到下渐次缩减。The materials used in dental implants have strict requirements and have high biocompatibility and rigidity. Dental graft material is the best and recommended type of osseointegration or bone in-growth (growth of bone tissue), which is also an ankylosing material. For example: grafts can be hollow or solid structures. The hollow structure facilitates bone ingrowth of the graft. Alternatively, the graft may contain holes that penetrate deep into its inner wall to promote bone ingrowth. The bottom of the implant needs to be tapered to provide a dynamic load to the teeth and tissue around the entire gum. For example: the bottom taper can be about 2 to 3 levels. The taper at the bottom of the implant, that is, the diameter of the implanted tooth, should gradually decrease from top to bottom.
移植牙材料应从下列组合中选出：纯钛，氧化钛，钛合金(如TiAl6V4合金)，不锈钢，锆，钴铬钼合金，聚合材料以及相关合理组合。Dental implant materials should be selected from the following combinations: pure titanium, titanium oxide, titanium alloys (such as TiAl6 V4 alloys), stainless steel, zirconium, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloys, polymeric materials, and related reasonable combinations.
在该项发明部分实例中，移植牙由生物性稳定的聚合材料，以及该聚合材料内含的药剂。药剂应从聚合材料中扩散至周围组织，如骨组织和附近组织。换句话说，药剂可局部性或系统性地通过聚合材料在移植牙中扩散。药剂实例包括但不限于甾族抗发炎药剂，灭微生物剂，抗病毒复合物(如阿昔洛韦和干扰素)；抗原虫药(如氯霉素和新诺明)；镇痛药；甾族镇痛药(如阿司匹林、水杨酸、二氟尼柳、吗啡和吗啡盐)；防腐成分(如氯化十六烷基吡啶、氯化苯甲烃铵、洗必泰和类似药剂)；抗真菌成分(如溴化十六烷基三甲铵)；抗真菌剂(如聚乙二醇、烷基芳基磺酸盐、硝酸咪康唑、甲硝唑、甲氧苄啶)；局部麻醉剂(如普鲁卡因盐、苯唑卡因、利多卡因、普鲁卡因、丁哌卡因、丁卡因、利多卡因、卡波卡因及卡波卡因盐)；平喘药物(如肾上腺素、麻黄素、肾上腺素、氨茶碱和茶碱)；抗凝血剂(肝素及肝素钠、如 钙和肝素钠、双香豆素)；降压药(如甲基多巴、肼屈嗪、氯压定、氯噻嗪、噻吗洛尔、萘心安、美托洛尔、盐酸哌唑嗪和呋喃苯胺酸)；以及维他命B2，B12。C.甾族抗发炎药剂可选范围包括：皮质类固醇(如氢化可的松、hydroxyltriamcinolone、甲基地塞米松、磷酸地塞米松、二丙酸倍氯米松、戊酸盐氯倍他索、地索奈德、去羟米松、去氧皮质酮醋酸盐、地塞米松、二氯松、双醋二氯松、戊酸双氟可龙、fluadrenolone、氟氯耐德、氟西汀butylester、氟可龙、醋酸盐氟泼尼定(fluprednylidene)、丙酮缩氟氢羟龙、哈西奈德、醋酸氢化可的松、氢化可的松丁酸酯、甲基强的松龙、曲安奈德、可的松、可托多松、flucetonide、氟氢可的松、二醋酸盐difluorosone、fluradrenolone、氟氢可的松、difluorosone二醋酸盐、fluradrenolone缩丙酮、甲羟松、amcinafel、安西非特、倍他米松以及平衡性脂类、氯泼尼松、醋酸氯泼尼松、氯可托龙、clescinolone、二氯松、二氟泼尼酯、flucioronide、氟尼缩松、氟米龙、氟培龙、氟泼尼龙、戊酸氢化可的松、环戊丙酸氢化可的松、氢可他酯、甲泼尼松、帕拉米松、氢化波尼松、强的松、二丙酸倍氯米松、去炎松及其混合物)。推荐的甾族抗发炎药剂为氢化可的松。In some embodiments of the invention, the dental implant is made of a biostable polymeric material, and the pharmaceutical agent contained in the polymeric material. The agent should diffuse from the polymeric material to surrounding tissues, such as bone tissue and nearby tissues. In other words, the agent can diffuse locally or systemically through the polymeric material in the implanted tooth. Examples of agents include, but are not limited to, steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, microbicides, antiviral compounds (such as acyclovir and interferon); antiprotozoals (such as chloramphenicol and sulfamethoxazole); analgesics; steroids analgesics (such as aspirin, salicylic acid, diflunisal, morphine, and morphine salts); preservative ingredients (such as cetylpyridinium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, and similar agents); Fungal components (eg, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide); antifungal agents (eg, polyethylene glycols, alkylaryl sulfonates, miconazole nitrate, metronidazole, trimethoprim); local anesthetics ( Such as procaine salt, benzocaine, lidocaine, procaine, bupivacaine, tetracaine, lidocaine, kabocaine and kabocaine salt); antiasthmatic drugs ( Such as epinephrine, ephedrine, epinephrine, aminophylline and theophylline); anticoagulants (heparin and heparin sodium, such as calcium and heparin sodium, dicoumarin); antihypertensive drugs (such as methyldopa, hydralazine, clonidine, chlorothiazide, timolol, propranolol, metoprolol, prazosin hydrochloride, and furosemide); and vitamins B2, B12. C. The optional range of steroidal anti-inflammatory agents includes: corticosteroids (such as hydrocortisone, hydroxyltriamcinolone, methyldexamethasone, dexamethasone phosphate, beclomethasone dipropionate, clobetasol valerate, Ned, deoxymethasone, deoxycorticosterone acetate, dexamethasone, diclosone, diclosone diacetate, difluocorolone valerate, fluadrenolone, fluoxetine, fluoxetine butylester, fluocorolone Fluprednylidene, Fluprednylidene, Hydroxydrocetone, Halcinonide, Hydrocortisone Acetate, Hydrocortisone Butyrate, Methylprednisolone, Triamcinolone Acetonide, Cortex fludrocortisone, cortodopine, flucetonide, fludrocortisone, difluorosone diacetate, fluradrenolone, fludrocortisone, difluorosone diacetate, fluradrenolone acetonide, medrison, amcinafel, amcinafel, beta Tamethasone and balancing lipids, cprednisone, cprednisone acetate, clocotorone, clescinolone, diclosone, difluprednate, flucioronide, flunisolide, fluorometholone, fluperidone , fluprednisolone, hydrocortisone valerate, hydrocortisone cypionate, hydrocortisone, methylprednisone, paramethasone, prednisolone, prednisone, beclomethasone dipropionate , triamcinolone and mixtures thereof). The recommended steroidal anti-inflammatory agent is hydrocortisone.
在各种实例中，本发明中的最终基牙需提前制造，采用原料坚固严格，具有生物可兼容性，与患者牙质相似。In various instances, the final abutments of the present invention are manufactured in advance, using strong and rigorous raw materials, biocompatible, and similar to the patient's dentin.
需根据最终基牙的长度和角度进行预制，尽管预制或软波状基牙目前还无法适用于所用病例。例如，目前最先进的基牙可被预制成各种所需形状，尺寸，包括圆柱形，条形，立方体，多面体，卵形和盘形。Prefabrication is required according to the length and angle of the final abutment, although prefabricated or softly contoured abutments are not currently available for the cases used. For example, state-of-the-art abutments can be prefabricated in a variety of desired shapes and sizes, including cylinders, bars, cubes, polyhedrons, ovals, and discs.
在一个病例中，门牙的最终基牙可为特为前牙设计的扁平基牙，适应自然解剖结构，符合马氏距离(大于面部语言距离)。In one case, the final abutment of the incisors could be a flat abutment specially designed for the anterior teeth, adapting to the natural anatomy and complying with the Mahalanobis distance (greater than the facial language distance).
总的来说，预制最终基牙即使具备将近精准的外形和形态，仍需与进一步修整和外形处理(或客户定制要求)相适，方能制造出符合特定患者口腔环境的期望产品。In general, even if the prefabricated final abutment has a near-precise shape and shape, it still needs to be adapted to further trimming and shape processing (or customized requirements) in order to manufacture the desired product that meets the specific oral environment of the patient.
预制最终基牙修整(或客制)成功并符合患者口腔环境后，不仅可使得牙冠与次牙冠更为契合，而且能最大程度补偿假牙和邻牙间未对齐情况(如有)。以下情况可能导致牙齿不对齐：移植牙与牙龈表面方向的契合度与邻牙存在很大偏差。同样的，现有发明可省去先前工艺中基牙磨角的需要，从而避免牙齿相错。After the prefabricated final abutment is successfully trimmed (or customized) and conforms to the patient's oral environment, it can not only make the crown and sub-crown fit better, but also compensate for the misalignment between the denture and the adjacent teeth (if any). Tooth misalignment can be caused by the following: The fit of the implanted tooth in the direction of the gum surface differs greatly from that of the neighboring teeth. Likewise, the current invention eliminates the need for grinding the angles of the abutment teeth in the prior art, thereby avoiding misalignment of the teeth.
预制最终基牙由工厂承制，为便于修整(定制)的商用产品。但该基牙也可采用传统方法(如制模)定制。专业人士皆知，牙模具可用蜡制成。蜡可在炉膛熔化，制成凹模，后熔入合适材料(如合金)制成牙模。The prefabricated final abutment is manufactured by the factory and is a commercial product that is convenient for modification (customization). However, the abutment can also be custom made using traditional methods such as moulding. Professionals know that dental molds can be made from wax. The wax can be melted in the furnace to make a concave mold, and then melted into a suitable material (such as an alloy) to make a dental mold.
在选推案例中，目前用于制作最终基牙的材料，无论单独或与制作牙冠的其他材料结合，是否具有保护膜，都能展现出引人的光学特性，因此具有较高的美学价值，可从色泽，阴影，透明度和半透明度上模拟出天然牙齿的外观特征。例如，最终基牙的牙龈周围可能有一圈明显范围内并未覆有牙冠。如这些部位直接采用金属或塑料制成，则不会有天然牙的光泽，牙具会在患者面部留下影响雅观的痕迹。In the selected case, the materials currently used to make the final abutment, whether alone or in combination with other materials for the crown, with or without a protective film, exhibit attractive optical properties and are therefore of high aesthetic value , can simulate the appearance characteristics of natural teeth from the color, shadow, transparency and translucency. For example, there may be a significant area around the gingiva of the final abutment that is not crowned. If these parts are directly made of metal or plastic, they will not have the luster of natural teeth, and the dental appliances will leave traces on the patient's face that affect the appearance.
尽管本发明中可能采用修牙材料，就美学价值而言，目前该产品倾向于选用瓷，复合材料和陶瓷而非泵合金及金属，因前者更接近邻牙的色泽。Although it is possible to use restorative materials in the present invention, in terms of aesthetic value, porcelain, composite materials and ceramics are currently preferred for this product rather than pump alloys and metals, because the former are more similar to the color of adjacent teeth.
人类牙齿的透明度从牙釉质至牙本质渐次降低。同样，在推荐案例中，透明度较高的材料用于制作牙冠，透明度和色度较低的材料用于制造最终基牙。The transparency of human teeth decreases from enamel to dentin. Also, in the recommended case, a more transparent material is used for the crown and a less transparent and shaded material is used for the final abutment.
如有必要，可以按照配方配置一种以上的染色剂构成最终支架组件和牙冠，或者其中组成材料，形成的色调类似于牙质和搪瓷。例如，粉色染色剂可以通过氧化锆溶解氧化钒获取，以作为固溶体。染色剂包括但不限于Pr,Er,Fe,Co,Ni,Ti,V,Cr,Cu和Mn的氧化物，例如Fe2O3,Er2O3和MnO2。特定条件下，还有Er2O3,Pr6O11,Fe2O3，ZnO和氧化锆的混合物，能够让牙质的色调良好。If necessary, more than one stain can be formulated to form the final framework component and crown, or the constituent materials therein, to create shades similar to dentin and enamel. For example, a pink stain can be obtained by dissolving vanadium oxide in zirconia, as a solid solution. Colorants include, but are not limited to, oxides of Pr, Er, Fe, Co, Ni, Ti, V, Cr, Cu and Mn such as Fe2O3, Er2O3 and MnO2. Under certain conditions, there is also a mixture of Er2O3, Pr6O11, Fe2O3, ZnO and zirconia, which can make the tooth tone good.
对于某些患者而言，材料的物理特性、化学特性和生物特性可能要比其美感更重要。基于此，我们更倾向于强度大，性能稳定，具有良好的生物兼容性和化学耐久性的材料，完全替代天然牙齿的功能，能够长久保持物理特性，即便接触口腔中的液体，例如酸性液体也依然能保持性质稳定。只要牙齿最终支架的材料具备可修复性，那么从广义上来看或许满足这些特定。例如，根据ASTM D-1474标准，最终支架材料的一个典型参数是硬度H(K.H.N中一种，努普硬度数)。虽然牙质的硬度范围不大，即30-70K.H.N，但是支架最终支架的材料一般要相当于10K.H.N及以上，稍好的是大于或等于30K.H.N，最好的是大于或等于70K.H.N。For some patients, the physical, chemical and biological properties of a material may be more important than its aesthetics. Based on this, we prefer materials with high strength, stable performance, good biocompatibility and chemical durability, which can completely replace the functions of natural teeth, and can maintain physical properties for a long time, even if they come into contact with liquids in the mouth, such as acidic liquids. can still maintain stable properties. These specifications may be met in a broad sense as long as the material of the final tooth support is restorable. For example, according to the ASTM D-1474 standard, a typical parameter of the final scaffold material is the hardness H (one of K.H.N, Knoop hardness number). Although the hardness range of dentin is not large, that is, 30-70K.H.N, the material of the final bracket is generally equivalent to 10K.H.N and above, slightly better is greater than or equal to 30K.H.N, and the best is greater than or equal to 70K.H.N.
在努氏硬度试验中，用一定力度，将金刚石顶点按在实验材料的抛光面上持续一定时间，然后用显微镜观察产生的压痕。努氏硬度HK或KHN通过公式计算：HK＝负载力(kgf)/按压面积(mm2)＝P/(CpL2)，而L＝沿着长轴的压痕长度，Cp＝压痕的形状相关的矫正因数，理想值为0.070279,P＝负载。但是，要知道除了努氏硬度之外，还有其他的方法衡量材料的硬度和强度，该发明也运用了其他衡量方法。例如，莫氏硬度表是衡量各种材料的耐擦伤性的方法，即用较硬的材料划较软的材料。一种情况下，最终支架组分的莫氏硬度从大约2.0到大约5.8。 在其他情况下，支架组分的莫氏硬度从大约6.2至大约9.8。In the Knoop hardness test, the apex of the diamond is pressed against the polished surface of the experimental material for a certain period of time with a certain force, and then the resulting indentation is observed with a microscope. Knoop hardness HK or KHN is calculated by the formula: HK = load force (kgf) / pressing area (mm2 ) = P / (CpL2 ), and L = length of indentation along the long axis, Cp = shape of indentation The relevant correction factor, the ideal value is 0.070279, P = load. However, be aware that there are other ways to measure the hardness and strength of a material besides Knoop hardness, and this invention makes use of other measures as well. For example, the Mohs hardness scale is a measure of the scratch resistance of various materials by scoring a softer material with a harder one. In one instance, the Mohs hardness of the final scaffold component is from about 2.0 to about 5.8. In other instances, the stent component has a Mohs hardness of from about 6.2 to about 9.8.
在某些情况下，往往选择能够在病人的口腔环境中直接修整、可以于在短期内修整和塑形、也可以再修整和再塑形的最终支架材料，这样，就可以免去了佩戴矫正仪器的麻烦，也没有任何副作用。In some cases, a final brace material is chosen that can be trimmed directly in the patient's oral environment, can be trimmed and reshaped in a short period of time, or can be reshaped and reshaped, so that wearing orthodontics can be eliminated No hassle with instruments and no side effects.
在某些优选方案中，最终支架组分的直接修整并无任何副作用，比如颚骨的热休克。因为我们可以有效控制修整手段，使得产生的热量很少；而支架和植入材料的热传递性很低，不能将热量传递给颚骨。而且，必要时可以用降温系统控制热量，对颚骨起到保护作用。更好的方案是使用无钛材料作为支架组分的准备材料。In some preferred embodiments, direct modification of the final scaffold components does not have any side effects, such as heat shock of the jawbone. Because we can effectively control the trimming means, very little heat is generated; and the thermal conductivity of the bracket and implant material is very low, and the heat cannot be transferred to the jawbone. Moreover, the cooling system can be used to control the heat when necessary, which can protect the jawbone. A better solution is to use titanium-free materials as preparations for stent components.
最终支架组分在经过修整过程中并没有出现微裂缝，此外，还具有生物相容性，不会引起排斥反应，不会在口腔环境中降解腐蚀，强度足以配合牙冠的咀嚼作用，也符合审美要求。The final bracket component has no micro-cracks during the trimming process. In addition, it is biocompatible, will not cause rejection, will not degrade and corrode in the oral environment, and is strong enough to match the chewing action of the crown, and also meets the requirements of the dental crown. aesthetic requirements.
此项发明步骤(例如上述步骤2)直接衡量了最短距离X1，即口腔环境L1位置的最终支架组分表面及其围绕物质表面之间的最短距离，围绕最终支架组分的物质可以是牙周组织、牙龈组织、牙齿、假体其中的一种或几种。预计X1的最小值接近于L1位置的未来牙冠的最大厚度。有经验的牙医知道必须对牙冠采取严格的厚度把控，以便最后对“牙齿”进行修复，使之适应口腔环境和取得良好功用。例如，牙冠在最终支架组分的厚度可能1mm至3mm不等，具体视咀嚼强度而定，而最终支架的四周厚度可以从0.01mm至0.5mm不等。根据不同的厚度要求，牙医或计算机可以确定在特定位置L1(如有必要，L2，L3,L4)的预定值Y1(如有必要，Y2，Y3,Y4等)This invention step (such as the above step 2) directly measures the shortest distance X1, that is, the shortest distance between the surface of the final bracket component at the position of oral environment L1 and the surface of the surrounding material, and the material surrounding the final bracket component can be periodontal One or more of tissue, gum tissue, teeth, and prostheses. The minimum value of X1 is expected to be close to the maximum thickness of the future crown at the L1 position. Experienced dentists know that the thickness of the crown must be strictly controlled in order to finally restore the "tooth" to adapt to the oral environment and achieve good function. For example, a crown may vary in thickness from 1mm to 3mm at the final scaffolding component, depending on chewing strength, while the thickness of the final scaffolding perimeter may vary from 0.01mm to 0.5mm. According to different thickness requirements, the dentist or computer can determine the predetermined value Y1 (if necessary, Y2, Y3, Y4, etc.) at a specific position L1 (if necessary, L2, L3, L4)
如果X1<Y1，那么在L1位置的牙冠的厚度可能无法满足位置四周的厚度要求。有了该发明后，最终支架组分可以直接在口腔L1位置上进行修整或塑形(不用拿到口腔之外)，延长最小距离X1，直至X1≥Y1，换而言之，即满足位置L1的厚度要求。If X1<Y1, then the thickness of the crown at the L1 position may not meet the thickness requirements around the position. With this invention, the final bracket component can be trimmed or shaped directly at the position of oral cavity L1 (without taking it out of the oral cavity), and the minimum distance X1 can be extended until X1≥Y1, in other words, it satisfies position L1 thickness requirements.
位置L1和Ln，从广义来说，不仅是指一个点，也可以指待修复的最终支架组分表面的小面积范围，例如0.5mm2,1.0mm2,2.0mm2等等。The positions L1 and Ln, in a broad sense, not only refer to a point, but also refer to a small area of the surface of the final stent component to be repaired, such as 0.5mm2 , 1.0mm2 , 2.0mm2 and so on.
在最终支架组分的表面上，待修复的位置可以一个或多个，例如，牙医可能需要在最终支架组分的四周直接修复3处：L1，L2和L3，在最终支架组分的顶端修复2处：L4和L5，每个都对应着最短距离X1，X2，X3，X4和X5；对应的预定值为Y1，Y2，Y3，Y4和Y5。On the surface of the final scaffold component, the position to be repaired can be one or more, for example, the dentist may need to directly repair 3 places around the final scaffold component: L1, L2 and L3, and repair on the top of the final scaffold component 2 locations: L4 and L5, each corresponding to the shortest distances X1, X2, X3, X4 and X5; the corresponding predetermined values are Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and Y5.
在不同方案中，最终支架部分的直接修复手段包括机械方法、化学方法，例如激光切割和UV降解的光学方法，例如控制加热的热力方法，或者其中几种方法综合使用。各种修饰手 段包括但不限于切割、雕刻、横割、研磨、碾磨、修边、调整、精加工、打磨、抛光、控制蒸发、移除、塑形、放电铣削(EDM)，喷水或激光切割等。例如，经验丰富的牙医可以使用工具(例如手握工具)直接修整，例如钻或者旋转锉；金刚石；多功能金刚石圆头锉；牙科碳化钨钻，例如碳化钨硬质合金钢钎制造的；牙科烧结金刚石锉；锥形锉；牙科金刚石牙盘；碳化钨割刀；并行铣刀；牙科钢锉等等，也可以是其中几种综合使用。锉刀片可以是圆形的，轮状的，倒锥形，直裂缝，锥形裂缝，汞合金预科，梨形，火焰形、锥形，蛋形，锥化，子弹形，针状，直裂缝横割，锥形裂缝横割，端向横割，直圆顶，直圆顶横割和锥形横割。例如，硬质合金刀具(标准)可以用于修整有机玻璃，石头和石膏；硬质合金刀具(粗糙)用于快速修整有机玻璃，石头和石膏。硬质合金刀具(超精细)用于对金属，有机玻璃和石头打磨修边；实验室硬质合金刀具(精细)横割可以用于对金属、有机玻璃和石膏修边；快速切割所有的金属、有机玻璃和石头；以及快速削减有机玻璃和石膏。在修整过程中，接触面积应当保持干燥，或者经过润滑剂冲洗或者浸泡。有些可以用空气或气流冲刷。众所周知的液态润滑剂包括水，油类，甘油，甘醇和硅酮。Direct repair of the final stent portion includes mechanical methods, chemical methods such as laser cutting and optical methods of UV degradation, thermal methods such as controlled heating, or a combination of several of these methods, in different scenarios. Various finishing techniques including, but not limited to, cutting, engraving, cross-cutting, grinding, milling, trimming, trimming, finishing, sanding, polishing, controlled evaporation, removal, shaping, electrical discharge milling (EDM), water jet or laser cutting etc. For example, experienced dentists can use tools (such as hand tools) for direct trimming, such as drills or rotary files; diamonds; multi-purpose diamond round files; Sintered diamond files; conical files; dental diamond discs; tungsten carbide cutters; parallel milling cutters; dental steel files, etc., can also be used in combination. File blades can be round, wheel-shaped, inverted-tapered, straight-slit, tapered-slit, amalgam-prepared, pear-shaped, flame-shaped, tapered, egg-shaped, tapered, bullet-shaped, needle-shaped, straight-slit Crosscut, tapered slit crosscut, endwise crosscut, straight domed crosscut, straight domed crosscut and tapered crosscut. For example, carbide knives (standard) can be used to trim plexiglass, stone and plaster; carbide knives (coarse) can be used to quickly trim plexiglass, stone and plaster. Carbide Knives (Extra Fine) for grinding and trimming metal, plexiglass and stone; laboratory carbide knives (fine) cross-cutting for trimming metal, plexiglass and plaster; fast cutting of all metals, plexiglass and stone; and quick-cut plexiglass and plaster. During reconditioning, contact areas should be left dry, or rinsed or soaked in lubricant. Some can be flushed with air or air currents. Well known liquid lubricants include water, oils, glycerin, glycols and silicones.
在直接修整最终支架组分时，该发明也可以利用电脑自动化装置，一般称之为“数字化牙科”，即计算机自动化辅以光学、数字化设备，CAD/CAM(电脑辅助设计/电脑辅助加工)和机械工具。When directly trimming the final bracket components, the invention can also utilize computerized automation, commonly referred to as "digital dentistry", i.e. computerized automation supplemented by optics, digital equipment, CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided machining) and mechanical tools.
在某些优化方案中，当最终支架组分的强度较大的时候，可在使用机械方法之前先采取化学预处理，减弱(或者软化)位置L1(或者其他Ln位置)的硬度，从而有利于开展修整过程。化学预处理可以采用溶剂或者蒸发的化学反应使之溶剂化或者分解，例如腐蚀和分解，所使用的化学试剂包括基本的酸性配位剂——HF试剂。In some optimization schemes, when the strength of the final scaffold component is relatively high, chemical pretreatment can be used before using mechanical methods to weaken (or soften) the hardness of the L1 (or other Ln positions), which is beneficial to Start the trimming process. Chemical pretreatment can use solvents or evaporative chemical reactions to solvate or decompose it, such as corrosion and decomposition. The chemical reagents used include the basic acidic complexing agent - HF reagent.
在某些方案中，最终支架组分包括金属和氧化物；例如金刚砂等碳化物；硼化物；氮化物；硅化物，例如铝硅酸盐的盐类，例如硅酸锂的硅酸盐，铝酸盐类，磷酸盐类，氟酸盐类，锆酸盐类和钛酸盐类。例如瓷制品的陶瓷材料，含氧化铝的白石以及玻璃；聚合物材料；由有机粘合剂粘连的包含无机组分的材料，聚合物-无机物复合材料；以及上述几种的组合。In certain aspects, the final scaffold components include metals and oxides; carbides such as corundum; borides; nitrides; silicides, such as salts of aluminosilicates, such as lithium silicates, aluminum salts, phosphates, fluorides, zirconates and titanates. Ceramic materials such as porcelain, white stone containing alumina, and glass; polymer materials; materials containing inorganic components bonded by organic binders, polymer-inorganic composite materials; and combinations of the above.
最终支架组分材料也可以是通过有机粘合剂粘连的无机-无机复合物，或者有机材料，例如含有各种随机的无机/有机材料的复合物材料，以满足材料功能和审美需要。The final scaffold component material can also be an inorganic-inorganic composite bonded by an organic binder, or an organic material, such as a composite material containing various random inorganic/organic materials, to meet the functional and aesthetic needs of the material.
该发明的陶瓷材料设定为具有釉面或者未上釉的的晶体结构或者部分晶体结构，或者是由无机非金属材料制造的玻璃。或者是熔融体或在冷却凝固过程中，或在加热过程中同步或者后续形成的。例如，工业陶瓷可以分为三类：(1)氧化物，例如氧化铝和氧化锆；(2)非 氧化物，例如碳化物、硼化物、氮化物和硅化物；(3)复合材料，例如颗粒增强复合材料，氧化物和非氧化物相结合。The ceramic material of the invention is set to have a glazed or unglazed crystalline structure or a partial crystalline structure, or a glass made of an inorganic non-metallic material. Either the melt or during the cooling and solidification process, or the simultaneous or subsequent formation during the heating process. For example, industrial ceramics can be divided into three categories: (1) oxides, such as alumina and zirconia; (2) non-oxides, such as carbides, borides, nitrides, and silicides; (3) composite materials, such as Particle-reinforced composites, combining oxides and non-oxides.
本产品所用的瓷器为通过在1200℃-1,400℃的炉窑中加热原材料而形成的陶器材料，此类原材料通常包括高岭土式粘土。瓷器的韧性，强度及半透明度源自所述高温下烧结坯体内玻璃及矿物多铝红柱石构造。本产品所用的玻璃材料为无结晶冷却至坚硬状态的融合无机产品。多数玻璃材料主要成分为二氧化硅(SiO2)。本产品所用玻璃材料可加工成所有非晶形固体，包括塑料，树脂或其它无硅非晶形固体。The porcelain used in this product is a pottery material formed by heating raw materials, usually including kaolin-type clay, in a kiln at 1200°C-1,400°C. Porcelain's toughness, strength and translucency are derived from the glass and mineral mullite structure within the body sintered at said high temperature. The glass material used in this product is a fused inorganic product that has been cooled to a hard state without crystallization. The main component of most glass materials is silicon dioxide (SiO2 ). The glass material used in this product can be processed into all amorphous solids, including plastics, resins or other silicon-free amorphous solids.
因氧化铝质地坚硬，无色且现成可及，其已为最终基牙成分优选材料。陶瓷材料的平均纹理尺寸最好不大于1.0千分尺(微米)。Alumina has been the material of choice for final abutment components due to its hardness, colorlessness and ready availability. The average grain size of the ceramic material is preferably no greater than 1.0 micrometer (micrometer).
最终基牙成分可包含一种或多种优选金属，主要包括不锈钢，金，银，铂，铁，钯，铱，锇，铑，钌，汞合金，及其合金及任何金属的化合物。例如，最终基牙由合金构成，其金属占比为金30％-50％，铂15-50％，钯15％-50％以及铱0.1％-5.0％。汞合金是常用的补牙材料，其为汞与至少一种其它元素混合物。例如，牙科用银汞合金包括43-54％的汞元素，20-35％的银元素，10％的铜元素，2％的鋅元素，以及锡元素。The final abutment composition may comprise one or more preferred metals, principally stainless steel, gold, silver, platinum, iron, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, amalgam, alloys thereof, and compounds of any metal. For example, the final abutment is composed of an alloy whose metal proportions are 30%-50% gold, 15-50% platinum, 15%-50% palladium and 0.1%-5.0% iridium. Amalgam is a common dental filling material that is a mixture of mercury and at least one other element. For example, dental amalgam includes 43-54% mercury, 20-35% silver, 10% copper, 2% zinc, and tin.
本产品所用的氧化物包括但不限于周期表中IIIa，IIIb，IVb元素组氧化物；铪，钇，铈，钪及铒元素氧化物；氧化锆，铝氧化物或氧化铝，二氧化硅，硅铝氧氮聚合材料，多铝红柱石，氧化锂，氧化锌，氧化钾，五氧化二磷，氧化钙，氧化钡，氧化锶及氧化锰；有色有味的金属氧化物，如七氧化四铽，五氧化二鉭，三氧化二铒，三氧化二镨，三氧化二镧，三氧化二钇，二氧化锶，二氧化锰，三氧化二铁及五氧化二钒；任何所述元素复合物及其化合物。The oxides used in this product include but are not limited to oxides of IIIa, IIIb, and IVb element groups in the periodic table; hafnium, yttrium, cerium, scandium and erbium element oxides; zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide or aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, Silica alumina, mullite, lithium oxide, zinc oxide, potassium oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, strontium oxide and manganese oxide; colored and odorous metal oxides, such as four heptoxide Terbium, tantalum pentoxide, erbium trioxide, praseodymium trioxide, lanthanum trioxide, yttrium trioxide, strontium dioxide, manganese dioxide, ferric oxide and vanadium pentoxide; any of said elements in combination substances and their compounds.
本产品所用的聚合材料包括但不限于热固材料，热塑材料，丙烯酸类高聚物，甲基丙酸烯聚合物，聚酯，异丁烯酸甲酯(PMMA)，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯，聚酯(甲基丙烯酸丁酯)，聚酰胺，聚多芳基脂酮醚(PAEK)，聚醚酮(PEKK)，聚醚醚酮(PEEK)，聚醚酮酮醚酮(PEKEKK)，乙烯基脂，环氧树脂，聚酰亚胺，多芳基化合物，聚丙烯酸酯，光敏聚合物，聚烯烃，超高分子量聚乙烯，高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)，聚氨酯，聚丙烯，丙烯酸盐，苯乙烯丙烯晴共聚物，ABS聚合物，聚砜类，聚缩醛，聚碳酸脂，聚氨酯二甲基丙烯酸酯(PUDMA)，三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)，聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGDMA)，氨基甲酸乙酯(UDMA)，甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯聚合物(HEMA)，乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)，二甘醇二甲基丙烯酸(DEGDMA)，三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸(TEGDMA)，tetrahydrofurftiryl，甲基丙烯酸酯，三羟甲 基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTMA)，二苯砜二甲基丙烯酸酯，聚合tetramethyleneglycol二甲基丙烯酸(PTMGDMA)，己烷二醇二甲基丙烯酸(1,6HDDMA)，聚碳酸酯二甲基丙烯酸(PCDMA)，聚苯硫醚，氨基甲酸乙酯混合物(UDMA)，聚碳酸脂二甲基丙烯酸(PCDMA)及三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸(TEGDMA)；双酚A丙基甲基丙稀酸脂加合物(甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯)及其丙烯酸相对物；含羟烷基丙烯酸种类的2,2,3三甲基己烷二异氰酸盐，如羟乙基异丁烯酸甲酯及羟丙基异丁烯酸甲酯；及其共聚物及其化合物。Polymeric materials used in this product include, but are not limited to, thermosets, thermoplastics, acrylic polymers, methacrylic polymers, polyesters, methyl methacrylate (PMMA), polymethyl methacrylate, Polyester (butyl methacrylate), polyamide, polyaryl ether ketone ether (PAEK), polyether ketone (PEKK), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyether ketone ketone ether ketone (PEKEKK), vinyl Base resins, epoxy resins, polyimides, polyarylates, polyacrylates, photopolymers, polyolefins, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyurethane, polypropylene, acrylates, Styrene acrylonitrile copolymer, ABS polymer, polysulfone, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyurethane dimethacrylate (PUDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate Methacrylate (PEGDMA), Urethane (UDMA), 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Polymer (HEMA), Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (EGDMA), Diethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate (DEGDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), tetrahydrofurftiryl, methacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTMA), diphenylsulfone dimethacrylate, polymerized tetramethyleneglycol dimethacrylate ( PTMGDMA), hexanediol dimethacrylate (1,6HDDMA), polycarbonate dimethacrylate (PCDMA), polyphenylene sulfide, urethane mixture (UDMA), polycarbonate dimethacrylate ( PCDMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid (TEGDMA); bisphenol A propyl methacrylate adduct (glycidyl methacrylate) and its acrylic counterpart; , 2,3 Trimethylhexane diisocyanate, such as methyl hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methyl hydroxypropyl methacrylate; and their copolymers and their compounds.
在本产品的各种实施方式中，聚合物材料含有从如下元素组选择的一种或多种单体或低聚物，包括异丁烯酸甲酯，异丁烯酸乙脂，异丙基异丁烯酸甲酯，2-羟基乙基异丁烯酸甲酯，3-羟丙基异丁烯酸甲酯，2-羟基-1,3-dimethacryloxypropane，甲基丙烯酸正丁酯，甲基丙烯酸异丁酯，丁氧乙基异丁烯酸甲酯，羟丙基异丁烯酸甲酯，四氢化糠基异丁烯酸甲酯，环氧丙基异丁烯酸甲酯，2-甲氧乙基异丁烯酸甲酯，2-乙基己基异丁烯酸甲酯，苯甲基异丁烯酸甲酯，乙烯乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，二亚乙基乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，三乙烯乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，二亚乙基乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，三乙烯乙二醇三甲基丙烯酸，丁烯乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，新戊基二醇二甲基丙烯酸，1.4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸，1,6-己二醇二甲基丙烯酸，三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸脂，三羟甲基丙烷酸甲脂，三甲醇乙烷[酸甲脂，三羟甲基甲烷酸甲酯，季戊四醇酸甲酯，季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯，聚土霉素乙烯乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸，2,2-双(甲基丙烯苯基)丙烷，2,2-双(4-(2-羟基-3-甲基丙烯苯基)苯基)丙烷，2,2-双(4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl)丙烷，2,2-双(4-methacryloxypoiyethoxyph-烯基)丙烷及丙稀酸盐，以及分子中含有氨基甲酸酯键的异丁烯酸甲酯，例如双-2-甲基丙烯酰氧基-2,2,4-三甲基六亚甲基二碳酸酯，1,3,5-三羟甲基氨基甲烷(1,3-双(甲基丙烯酰氧)-1-2-丙氧基碳ylaminohexane)-1,3-5--(1H，3H,5H)三氮杂苯-2,4,6-三氖，2,2‘-双(4-丙烯酸羟基)丙烷合成尿烷低聚物，2-氧丙酮，己二异氰酸酯及2-羟乙基异丁烯酸甲酯，以及1,3-丁二醇合成尿烷低聚物，己二异氰酸酯及2-甲基丙烯酸-2-羟基乙酯。In various embodiments of the present product, the polymeric material contains one or more monomers or oligomers selected from the group consisting of methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methyl methacrylate , 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxy-1,3-dimethacryloxypropane, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl isobutylene Methyl methacrylate, methyl hydroxypropyl methacrylate, methyl tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, methyl epoxypropyl methacrylate, methyl 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate, methyl 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate , Methyl Benzyl Methacrylate, Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Diethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Triethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate, Diethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate Acrylic acid, triethylene glycol trimethacrylate, butylene glycol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, 1.4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol dimethacrylate Methacrylic acid, Trimethylolpropane Trimethacrylate, Methyl Trimethylolpropanoate, Methyl Trimethylolethane[Acid, Methyl Trimethylol Methanate, Methyl Pentaerythritol, Tetramethyl Pentaerythritol methacrylate, polyoxytetracycline ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 2,2-bis(methacrylphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacrylbenzene) phenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloxydiethoxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis(4-methacryloxypoiyethoxyph-enyl)propane and acrylates, and isobutylene containing carbamate bonds in the molecule acid methyl esters, such as bis-2-methacryloyloxy-2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene dicarbonate, 1,3,5-trihydroxymethylaminomethane (1,3- Bis(methacryloyloxy)-1-2-propoxycarboylaminohexane)-1,3-5--(1H,3H,5H)triazepine-2,4,6-trineon, 2, 2'-bis(4-acrylic acid hydroxy)propane synthetic urethane oligomer, 2-oxyacetone, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate methyl ester, and 1,3-butanediol synthetic urethane oligomer substances, hexamethylene diisocyanate and 2-methacrylate-2-hydroxyethyl ester.
在制作聚合材料时，可用到艺术中普遍使用的化合物例如聚合引发剂，聚合加速剂，紫外线吸收剂及抗氧化剂和其它添加剂。聚合材料为可固化可见光，自我固化，双重固化及真空，热量和压力可矫正组分以及任何化合物。其可在处于控制压力下或大气压力通过影像，化学或保热方式进行全部或部分聚合。可固化可见光组分包括常见的聚合引发剂，聚合加速剂，紫外线吸收剂，荧光增白剂及其它类似物质。优选光固化引发剂包括樟脑鲲(CQ)及三甲基苯甲酰氧化膦(TPO)。热固化组分通常作为填充组分，包括热固化引发剂，例如过氧化苯甲酰，1,1‘-偶氮双(cyclohexanecarbo-nitrile)，或其它自由基诱发剂。When making polymeric materials, compounds commonly used in art such as polymerization initiators, polymerization accelerators, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants and other additives can be used. Polymeric materials are visible light curable, self curing, dual curing and vacuum, heat and pressure correctable components and any compound. It can be fully or partially polymerized by visual, chemical or thermal means under controlled pressure or atmospheric pressure. Curable visible light components include common polymerization initiators, polymerization accelerators, ultraviolet absorbers, fluorescent whitening agents and other similar substances. Preferred photocuring initiators include camphorquine (CQ) and trimethylbenzoylphosphine oxide (TPO). Thermal curing components are usually used as filler components, including thermal curing initiators, such as benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-azobis (cyclohexanecarbo-nitrole), or other free radical inducers.
在自我固化过程中，聚合加速剂包括于聚合性单体组分中。使用的聚合加速剂包括各种有机叔胺类物质，通常为芳香叔胺，例如二甲基苯胺，二羟乙基对甲苯胺及其类似物质。In the self-curing process, a polymerization accelerator is included in the polymerizable monomer component. The polymerization accelerators used include various organic tertiary amines, usually aromatic tertiary amines, such as dimethylaniline, dihydroxyethyl-p-toluidine and the like.
热量固化诱发剂可包括过氧化苯甲酰，1,1’-偶氮双(cyclohexanecarbo-nitrile)，或其它可用自由基诱发剂。尤其是适用的自由基诱发剂为过氧化月桂酰，三丁基过氧化氢，AIBN及，特别是过氧化苯甲酰或1,1‘-偶氮双(cyclohexanecarbo-nitrile)。Thermal cure inducers may include benzoyl peroxide, 1,1'-cyclohexanecarbo-nitrole, or other available free radical inducers. Particularly suitable free-radical inducers are lauroyl peroxide, tributylhydroperoxide, AIBN and, in particular, benzoyl peroxide or 1,1'-cyclohexanecarbo-nitrole.
各种可选配料可与聚合材料共同使用，例如，色素；外部表面上不透明物；纤维，粉末及微粒物质；纤维加固，例如玻璃纤维加固，bariumborosilicate玻璃，玻璃纤维固化复合材料(FRC)例如光聚合玻璃纤维固化符合材料；填料例如二氧化硅，硅酸盐玻璃，石英，钡硅酸盐，钡硫酸盐，钡钼酸盐，钼酸盐，丙烯酸脂，钡烷氧基钇，(Ba2Y(OR)X)，硅酸锶，钡硼硅酸盐，锶硼硅酸盐，硅酸盐，硅酸锂，无定形硅氧，氨化合或脱氨磷酸钙及氧化铝，氧化锆，氧化锡，氧化钽，氧化铌，二氧化钛，碳，石墨，芳香聚酰胺，聚芳酰胺，多元脂及聚酰胺；以及其化合物；包含玻璃粉末的无机填充物，例如二氧化硅，钡玻璃，铝玻璃，钾玻璃，氟铝氧化硅玻璃，合成沸石，磷酸钙，长石，烟雾硅胶，硅酸铝，硅酸钙，碳酸镁及石英，其中无机填充物可选择通过伽玛甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷，乙烯基三氯甲硅烷，乙烯基三氯甲硅烷，乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷，乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷及乙烯基(甲氧乙氧基)硅烷及其化合物进行表面处理。Various optional ingredients can be used with polymer materials, such as pigments; opacities on external surfaces; fibers, powders and particulate matter; fiber reinforcement, such as glass fiber reinforcement, bariumborosilicate glass, fiberglass cured composites (FRC) such as light Polymer glass fiber cured composite materials; fillers such as silica, silicate glass, quartz, barium silicate, barium sulfate, barium molybdate, molybdate, acrylate, barium alkoxyyttrium, (Ba2Y( OR)X), strontium silicate, barium borosilicate, strontium borosilicate, silicate, lithium silicate, amorphous silica, ammoniated or deaminated calcium phosphate and alumina, zirconia, tin oxide , tantalum oxide, niobium oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon, graphite, aromatic polyamide, polyarylamide, polyester and polyamide; and their compounds; inorganic fillers containing glass powder, such as silica, barium glass, aluminum glass, Potassium glass, fluorine aluminum silicate glass, synthetic zeolite, calcium phosphate, feldspar, fumed silica gel, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium carbonate and quartz, among which the inorganic filler can be selected by gamma methacryloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane and vinyl (methoxyethoxy) silane and their compounds for surface deal with.
强化组分可从元素组中选择，其成分包括碳，三氧化二铝，二氧化锆，三氧化二钇，三氧化二钇–稳定的二氧化锆，氧化镁—稳定的二氧化锆，E玻璃，硫玻璃，生物活性玻璃，生物活性玻璃陶器，磷酸钙，羟磷灰石，二氧化钛，钛，钛合金及不锈钢。强化成分几何构造包括纤维，微粒，各种直径的纤维及在纤维表面与微粒融合的纤维。The strengthening component can be selected from the group of elements including carbon, aluminum oxide, zirconium dioxide, yttrium oxide, yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia, magnesia-stabilized zirconia, E Glass, sulfur glass, bioactive glass, bioactive glass pottery, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, titanium dioxide, titanium, titanium alloys and stainless steel. The geometries of reinforcement components include fibers, particles, fibers of various diameters and fibers fused with particles on the fiber surface.
例如，本产品最终基牙成分包括55％的PEKK作为粘合材料，35％的E玻璃纤维作为强化材料以及10％的二氧化钛粒子作为着色剂。For example, the final abutment composition of this product includes 55% PEKK as bonding material, 35% E-glass fiber as reinforcing material and 10% titanium dioxide particles as coloring agent.
又如，本产品最终基牙成分包括氧化锌，包含氧化锶的玻璃纤维，氧化锆，双酚A-环氧树脂基质及E玻璃纤维。As another example, the final abutment composition of this product includes zinc oxide, glass fiber containing strontium oxide, zirconia, bisphenol A-epoxy resin matrix and E glass fiber.
相配的填充料为可共价附着的基质或而这均可共价可附着的偶联剂。相配的填充材料包括但不限于艺术中普遍使用的元素，例如二氧化硅，硅酸盐玻璃，石英，硅酸钡，硅酸锶，钡硼硅酸盐，锶硼硅酸盐，硼硅酸盐，硅酸锂，无定形硅石，氨化或脱氨磷酸钙和氧化铝，氧化锆，氧化锡及二氧化钛。Compatible fillers are either covalently attachable matrices or covalently attachable coupling agents. Compatible fill materials include but are not limited to elements commonly used in art such as silica, silicate glass, quartz, barium silicate, strontium silicate, barium borosilicate, strontium borosilicate, borosilicate Salt, lithium silicate, amorphous silica, ammoniated or deaminated calcium phosphate and alumina, zirconia, tin oxide and titanium dioxide.
聚合材料强化纤维元素包括玻璃，碳，石墨，芳香聚酰胺，或其它艺术中普遍使用的纤维，例如多元脂，聚酰胺，及其它与聚合基质兼容的自然合成材料。可进一步对纤维进行处理，例如硅烷化，以加强纤维与聚合基质的粘合。纤维可选择长形续状纤维。相配的偶联剂包括硅烷化合物，例如有机硅剂。常用的硅烷剂包括伽玛-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲基硅，伽玛-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，乙烯基三氯硅烷及苯乙烯胺功能性硅烷。Polymer reinforcement fiber elements include glass, carbon, graphite, aramid, or other fibers commonly used in the arts, such as polyesters, polyamides, and other natural synthetic materials compatible with polymeric matrices. The fibers may be further treated, such as silanized, to enhance the bonding of the fibers to the polymeric matrix. Fiber can choose long continuous fiber. Compatible coupling agents include silane compounds such as silicone agents. Commonly used silane agents include gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethylsilane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane and styrylamine functional silane.
在所选方案中，花冠根据完整修复或定制的最终基牙成分形状直接产生于牙医办公室，而非实验室。然而，应理解可利用任何手工及数字化方法制作花冠，其属于本产品范围之内。In the selected option, the corolla is produced directly in the dentist's office rather than in a laboratory, based on a complete restoration or a custom-made final abutment component shape. However, it should be understood that any manual and digital method of making the corolla can be utilized and it is within the scope of this product.
因为口腔环境，例如龋齿及口内形状，因病人而异，所制作的假牙也因病人而异。相应地，根据拮抗剂或邻接牙或咬合牙关系设计并制作假牙。完整的假牙在几十微米顺序中尺寸精密。Because the oral environment, such as dental caries and the shape of the mouth, varies from patient to patient, the dentures produced also vary from patient to patient. Accordingly, dentures are designed and fabricated according to antagonist or adjacent teeth or occlusal relationship. Complete dentures are precisely sized on the order of tens of microns.
现有产品可采用数字自动程序，如CAD/CAM(牙科办公室和牙科实验室中使用计算机辅助进行设计和制造)系统，其中假牙例如花冠使用电脑进行设计，并利用碾磨处理进行制作。例如，牙科办公室商业化的德国西门子公司的CAD/CAM系统作为Cerec系统(例如和)，优选用于本产品。CAD/CAM系统用于根据基牙或口腔制作的牙齿成型过程，若有必要，可读出邻接牙或拮抗剂形状；根据计算机读出的牙齿形状设计所需的假牙；堵塞物材料例如树脂固化材料，陶瓷烧结材料，并将金属材料置于自动碾磨处理程序，并根据碾磨程序根据要求制作假牙。CAD/CAM系统可制作优质假牙，并可制作高度适合口腔形状的假牙。Existing products can employ digital automation programs such as CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing in Dental Offices and Dental Laboratories) systems, where dentures such as corollas are designed using computers and manufactured using milling processes. For example, the CAD/CAM system of the German Siemens company commercialized by dental offices as the Cerec system (e.g. and ), preferably for this product. CAD/CAM system is used for tooth shaping process based on abutment or oral cavity, if necessary, adjacent tooth or antagonist shape can be read out; desired denture is designed based on tooth shape read out by computer; plugging material such as resin is cured Materials, ceramic sintered materials, and metal materials are placed in an automatic milling process, and dentures are made as required according to the milling program. The CAD/CAM system can produce high-quality dentures and can produce dentures that are highly adapted to the shape of the mouth.
花冠材料由瓷土，金属，金属合金，陶瓷材料，聚合材料及其化合物构成。在现有产品优选方案中，花冠陶瓷材料为透明聚晶材料，原因在于自然牙齿瓷釉具有高度透明性，然而，牙质透明度较低。多聚晶材料在晶界连接的任意取向晶体具有多样性。尤其是，陶瓷材料无孔，可保持高度光学透明度。透明度是一种样品的特性，其可传播光，且无需获得样本以外的物质的清晰影像，并与此无关。透明材料是其优点之一，因为以花冠为例，其通过高度融合的材料形成，并可假设邻近的下齿颜色。与多数不透明材料相比，其可产生更多美感。在某些方案中，牙医需要制作颜色匹配的假牙，例如花冠，其颜色和假牙周围齿列的形状要匹配。其中一种方案中，花冠陶瓷材料为阿尔法氧化铝。氧化铝尤其符合需求，因为其光学透射比在可见光谱中是恒定的，因此其无需改变穿过的光的颜色。本产品采用陶瓷颜色光谱(多为A-D形状，例如A1-5,B1-5,C1-5)，以确定花冠颜色。Corolla materials consist of china clay, metals, metal alloys, ceramic materials, polymeric materials and their compounds. In the preferred solution of existing products, the corolla ceramic material is a transparent polycrystalline material, because the natural tooth enamel has high transparency, however, the dentin transparency is low. Polycrystalline materials have a variety of randomly oriented crystals connected at grain boundaries. In particular, ceramic materials are non-porous and maintain a high degree of optical clarity. Transparency is a property of a sample that transmits light without obtaining a clear image of matter outside the sample, and is not relevant here. The transparent material is one of its advantages, since in the case of the corolla it is formed by highly fused materials and can assume the color of the adjacent lower teeth. It creates more aesthetics than most opaque materials. In some scenarios, the dentist will create color-matched dentures, such as crowns, that match the shape of the dentition around the denture. In one solution, the corolla ceramic material is alpha alumina. Alumina is particularly desirable because its optical transmittance is constant across the visible spectrum, so it does not need to change the color of light passing through it. This product adopts ceramic color spectrum (mostly in A-D shape, such as A1-5, B1-5, C1-5) to determine the color of the corolla.
上述第(vii)步，可使用各种的常见的粘合剂将花冠附着于最终基牙组分。常用的材料包括化合物，玻璃离子键聚合物，树脂粘固粉，磷酸锌，多羧酸酯锌，共聚物及树脂修复玻 璃离子键聚合物粘固粉。In step (vii) above, a variety of common adhesives can be used to attach the corolla to the final abutment component. Commonly used materials include compounds, glass ionomers, resin cements, zinc phosphates, zinc polycarboxylates, copolymers and resin repair glass ionomer cements.
在这个实施案例中，本发明提供了如下简易程序：挑选颜色与病人其他牙齿颜色相匹配的最终但仍需修改的桥基牙(来自克利夫兰俄亥俄州的Zuga医疗公司的商用版)；植入Zuga桥基牙，并使用螺丝固定；修改(或塑造)桥基牙以配合牙合连接(即完全化定制)；桥基牙的印象生成，并配送至实验室；实验室技术员制作牙冠，然后发送给牙医进行植入安装。在另一个实施案例中，本发明为Cerac牙冠的制作提供了如下方法：挑选颜色与病人其他牙齿颜色相匹配的最终但仍需修改的桥基牙(来自克利夫兰俄亥俄州的Zuga医疗公司的商用版)；植入Zuga桥基牙，并使用螺丝固定；修改(或塑造)桥基牙以配合牙合连接(即完全化定制)；使用Cerac机在完全矫正的桥基牙上制作牙冠；牙医把牙冠安装在桥基牙上面。该操作的优点是可以直接连接Cerac机制作牙冠，即使没有印象生成。In this embodiment, the present invention provides the following simple procedure: pick a final but still modified abutment tooth (commercially available from Zuga Medical, Cleveland, Ohio) that matches the color of the patient's other teeth; implant the Zuga Abutment teeth are fixed with screws; abutment teeth are modified (or shaped) to fit the occlusal connection (i.e. full customization); an impression of abutment teeth is generated and shipped to the lab; a lab technician makes the crown and then Sent to dentist for implant installation. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for the fabrication of Cerac crowns by selecting final but still to be modified abutment teeth (commercially available from Zuga Medical, Cleveland, Ohio) in a color that matches the color of the patient's other teeth. version); implant Zuga abutment teeth and fix them with screws; modify (or shape) the abutment teeth to fit the occlusal connection (i.e. full customization); use the Cerac machine to make crowns on fully corrected abutment teeth; Dentists place crowns on top of the abutment teeth. The advantage of this procedure is that the crown can be made directly with the Cerac mechanism, even if no impression is made.
该项发明提供一个最终但可矫正的桥基牙系统，包括方法，桥基牙，配件和工具；而该系统将帮助牙医使用已知技能，把牙冠植入安装在的种植牙上面。该技术有如下优势，比如减少牙医桥基牙库存压力；消除桥基牙偏角；牙医可以直接塑造或修改最终邻接组件，即使没有从口腔中除去最终邻接组件；美观的牙龈线；患者可以自己直接挑选颜色和形状；植入物和牙冠成本更低。This invention provides a definitive but correctable abutment system including methods, abutments, accessories and tools; and the system will assist the dentist to place crowns on top of implants using known skills. The technology has the following advantages, such as reduced pressure on the dentist's abutment tooth inventory; elimination of abutment tooth deviation; the dentist can directly shape or modify the final adjoining components, even without removing the final adjoining components from the mouth; esthetic gum line; Pick colors and shapes directly; implants and crowns cost less.
典型案例将作为优先参考案例进行描述。很显然，因对案例的详细描述的阅读和理解的不同，将会作出相应的修改和变更。其目的是将典型案例解释为包括这些所有的修改和变更，只要它们在附加要求或其等价物范围之内。Typical cases will be described as priority reference cases. Obviously, modifications and changes will be made depending on the reading and understanding of the detailed description of the case. It is intended that the exemplary case be interpreted to include all such modifications and variations as may come within the scope of the additional requirements or their equivalents.
上述实施例并非具体实施方式的穷举，还可有其他的实施例，上述实施例目的在于说明本发明，而非限制本发明的保护范围，所有由本发明简单变化而来的应用均落在本发明的保护范围内。Above-mentioned embodiment is not exhaustive of specific implementation, also can have other embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment purpose is to illustrate the present invention, rather than limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all applications that come from the simple variation of the present invention all fall within the scope of this invention. within the scope of protection of the invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410527777.3ACN104352284B (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | A kind of dental prosthetic method |
| PCT/CN2015/091577WO2016055019A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2015-10-09 | Dental restoration method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410527777.3ACN104352284B (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | A kind of dental prosthetic method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104352284A CN104352284A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| CN104352284Btrue CN104352284B (en) | 2018-06-05 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410527777.3AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104352284B (en) | 2014-10-09 | 2014-10-09 | A kind of dental prosthetic method |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104352284B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016055019A1 (en) |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104352284B (en)* | 2014-10-09 | 2018-06-05 | 儒伽医疗有限公司 | A kind of dental prosthetic method |
| CN105878041A (en)* | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-24 | 成都贝施美生物科技有限公司 | Denture material composition |
| CN108296481A (en)* | 2016-12-10 | 2018-07-20 | 广东汉唐量子光电科技有限公司 | 3D printing and electrolytic polishing combined processing method for CoCrMo alloy dental crown |
| CN106872251A (en)* | 2016-12-24 | 2017-06-20 | 李月巧 | A kind of cold edge agent of metallographic specimen Fast Mosaic |
| EP3716888A4 (en)* | 2017-11-14 | 2022-01-12 | Luciana Silva Colepicolo | TRIPLE ABUTMENT SYSTEM WITH TCONNECT |
| BE1025778B1 (en)* | 2017-12-13 | 2019-07-10 | Sudimplant | DENTAL IMPLANT |
| CN108324579A (en)* | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-27 | 苏州凌科特新材料有限公司 | A kind of teeth repairing material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109044548B (en)* | 2018-07-04 | 2020-08-07 | 郑州大学第一附属医院 | A kind of metal porcelain tooth inner crown and preparation method |
| CN109431818B (en)* | 2018-11-07 | 2021-08-10 | 南昌真桥齿研技术有限公司 | Ceramic-reinforced composite false tooth and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110575269A (en)* | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-17 | 南京市口腔医院 | Method for manufacturing digital PEAK base material prosthesis and method for bonding digital PEAK base material prosthesis with tooth body |
| CN110876682B (en)* | 2019-12-05 | 2021-03-02 | 北京光辉天成医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of prefabricated dental crown and preparation process thereof |
| CN112658336B (en)* | 2020-12-12 | 2024-08-20 | 温州白马精密机械科技有限公司 | Drilling machine device with quick waste recovery function for processing |
| CN114469406A (en)* | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-13 | 重庆豪迟义齿制作有限公司 | Dental model fixing seat and dental model machining process |
| WO2023164517A2 (en)* | 2022-02-22 | 2023-08-31 | Kenneth Wilstead | System and method for producing temporary dental coverings |
| CN114573332A (en)* | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-03 | 田念华 | Dental multi-layer color porcelain blank and preparation method thereof |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062834A (en)* | 1990-09-08 | 1992-07-22 | 艾帕勒医学技术元件有限公司 | The jawbone single tooth implant that prevention is reversed |
| CN102834070A (en)* | 2010-03-24 | 2012-12-19 | 王茜 | A method of dental implant restoration |
| CN203153977U (en)* | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-28 | 朴永浩 | Oral planting denture |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090075235A1 (en)* | 2006-10-27 | 2009-03-19 | Letcher William F | Fixed, Implant-Supported, Full Arch Dental Prosthetics and Methods of Seating Thereof |
| US9763753B2 (en)* | 2008-10-21 | 2017-09-19 | Zuga Medical, Inc. | Method of dental implant restoration |
| US20120189984A1 (en)* | 2011-01-26 | 2012-07-26 | Holmes David Lc | Apical cutting thread dental implant |
| CN104352284B (en)* | 2014-10-09 | 2018-06-05 | 儒伽医疗有限公司 | A kind of dental prosthetic method |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1062834A (en)* | 1990-09-08 | 1992-07-22 | 艾帕勒医学技术元件有限公司 | The jawbone single tooth implant that prevention is reversed |
| CN102834070A (en)* | 2010-03-24 | 2012-12-19 | 王茜 | A method of dental implant restoration |
| CN203153977U (en)* | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-28 | 朴永浩 | Oral planting denture |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016055019A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
| CN104352284A (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104352284B (en) | A kind of dental prosthetic method | |
| US8545222B2 (en) | Method of dental implant restoration | |
| US9763753B2 (en) | Method of dental implant restoration | |
| CN102834070B (en) | A kind of method grinding connector assembly | |
| EP2066259B1 (en) | Methods for making provisional and long-term dental crowns and bridges | |
| US20120251979A1 (en) | Dental implant mill blank articles and methods | |
| Edelhoff et al. | Metal-free implant-supported single-tooth restorations. Part I: Abutments and cemented crowns. | |
| US6482284B1 (en) | Method of making a dental mill blank and support stub assembly | |
| ES2635273T3 (en) | Procedure for the manufacture of a multi-layer structured dental prosthesis | |
| US20100285429A1 (en) | Compound smc dental mill blanks | |
| US20150173864A1 (en) | Abutment assembly for dental implants | |
| WO2001035854A1 (en) | Mill blank for dental prosthesis | |
| CN117479902A (en) | Multicolor zirconia blank for dental prosthesis | |
| Chiramana et al. | Provisional Restoration in Prosthodontics: A Review | |
| Mizuno et al. | Laboratory Fabrication of Full-Arch Implant-Supported Restorations | |
| KR101689535B1 (en) | Composite Resin | |
| Zandparsa | Dental biomaterials | |
| Seçkin | TEMPORARY RESTORATIONS IN PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY | |
| Rutten et al. | The Digital Roadmap for Edentulous Patients in Implant Prosthodontics. | |
| Manoharan et al. | Advances in Prosthodontic Biomaterials | |
| Zhang et al. | Patents of Dental Restoration with Ceramics | |
| Elbanna et al. | Effect of Different CAD/CAM Techniques on Marginal accuracy, Color matching and Retention of Cemented versus Screw retained Implant-supported Crowns. | |
| Grey | Aspects of Dental Ceramics | |
| Bultmann et al. | Expectations met: hybrid abutment crown made of zirconium oxide with vestibular cut-back | |
| Crowns | AL-AZHAR |
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | Effective date of registration:20180211 Address after:The city of Wood beach Boulevard zeilinger America Ohio No. 24400 room 250 Applicant after:Ruga Medical Co.,Ltd. Address before:We de Ohio City Horvath Road No. 21205, Bi Qi Applicant before:Wang Qian | |
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20190410 Address after:100102 Beijing Chaoyang District Futong East Street 1 Courtyard 3 Building 16 3 Unit 131906 Patentee after:JUJIA (BEIJING) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. Address before:Room 250, 24400 Ziegling Avenue, Bitchwood, Ohio, USA Patentee before:Ruga Medical Co.,Ltd. | |
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder | ||
| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder | Address after:Room 615, 6th floor, building 2, No. 34, xidawang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021 Patentee after:JUJIA (BEIJING) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. Address before:100102 Beijing Chaoyang District Futong East Street 1 Courtyard 3 Building 16 3 Unit 131906 Patentee before:JUJIA (BEIJING) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. | |
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | Effective date of registration:20220727 Address after:610041 room 601602, 6 / F, building 8, No. 16, hemin street, Chengdu high tech Zone, China (Sichuan) pilot Free Trade Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Province Patentee after:Rurong (Chengdu) Medical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before:Room 615, 6th floor, building 2, No. 34, xidawang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021 Patentee before:JUJIA (BEIJING) MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS Co.,Ltd. | |
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20180605 |