3D Printer numerical control positioning systemTechnical field
The invention belongs to a technical field of 3D printer numerical control positioning system.
Background technology
Commercially available general hot melt piles up class 3D printer, owing to structure is relatively easy, the reasons such as consumptive material is inexpensive and develop very fast.Hot melt is piled up class 3D printer and has mainly been used the forming techniques such as hot melt accumulation, makes 3-D view virtual on computer become the stereomodel of reality.The 3D printer of this class is mainly by compositions such as X-axis, Y-axis and Z axis, three-axis numerical control alignment system, control circuit and shower nozzles.Digital slices print data that three-axis numerical control alignment system produces according to Slice Software and instruction, be constantly changing the horizontal level between nozzle and model or workbench and relative altitude, coordinates the action of shower nozzle to can be achieved with the stack shaping of hot melt material.In this process, the motion of X-axis and Y-axis numerical control positioning system is most frequent, and quantity of motion is the most maximum, and it is the most maximum on the impact of printing precision simultaneously.So it is most important component part in 3D printer.
But, in the three-axis numerical control alignment system of this kind of 3D printer under prior art, use is all linear motion guide.In 3D print procedure, X-axis and the continuous interoperation of Y-axis, each bar curve in model or straight line could be formed.It is to say, each bar curve in 3D print procedure or the generation of straight line, will produce sliding friction between guide rail and slide unit could realize.Those skilled in the art both knows about, and rail plate not only requirement to material, machining accuracy and the installation accuracy of part is the harshest, and the most headachy be that it in use can produce serious friction wear, this abrasion is that its structure is caused.Owing to the amplitude of its friction stroke is big, and each parts are all directly exposed in air, make this situation make the matter worse.Under such working environment, the dust in lubricant as easy as rolling off a log absorption air on guide rail, the most more accelerate the abrasion of guide rail.What the effect of attrition of guide rail was maximum is location and the repetitive positioning accuracy of three Shaft fixed position modules, and its plane surface showing as printing is coarse.Time serious, geometry and the size of the model printed are the most impacted.So the use of rail plate, remote-effects printing precision and shorten service life of 3D printer.On the other hand, during design and manufacturing 3D printer, the length of rail plate must be greater than the impulse stroke of X-axis and Y-axis, thus requires that the support of supporting guide is the most higher.It necessarily causes the complete machine structure making 3D printer the hugest.And in the face of huge structure, for ensureing that rigidity has to increase the thickness of component.Increase the weight of complete machine.
Summary of the invention
In order to simplify X-axis and the structure of Y-axis numerical control positioning system of 3D printer, eliminate the rail plate abrasion impact on printing precision, extend the service life of 3D printer, this invention takes following technical measures: table drive motor 11 and half worm gear 2 are installed in one end of rocking arm 10, workbench 3 is installed in the rotating shaft of table drive motor 11, table drive motor 11 can drive workbench 3 to rotate, the other end of rocking arm 10 is movably arranged on Z axis guide rail 9 or is hinged on support 1, rocking arm is installed on support 1 and drives motor 12, rocking arm drives in the rotating shaft of motor 12 equipped with worm screw 13, together with worm screw 13 is ratcheting with half worm gear 2, rocking arm drives motor 12 can drive half worm gear 2 by worm screw 13, rocking arm 10, table drive motor 11 swings together with workbench 3；Table drive motor 11 and rocking arm drive motor 12 to connect respective electric machine controller, electric machine controller connects computer; connect computer equipped with reset micro switch or reseting sensor for the detection of the position of workbench 3 and rocking arm 10, reset micro switch or reseting sensor on rocking arm 10 and support 1.
Advantage of this is that: when the present invention works 3D printer, the numerical control positioning system of the move X-axis most frequent, quantity of motion is maximum and Y-axis, use rail plate mechanism realize the numerical control positioning of the horizontal plane of 3D printer.Change the yaw mechanism of the rotation by workbench 3 and rocking arm 12 into, realize the numerical control positioning of the horizontal plane of 3D printer.Little owing to present invention employs abrasion, what positioning precision was high rotates the linear slide (i.e. eliminating rail plate mechanism) substituting guide rail, eliminates the harmful effect that slide abrasion is brought.Also greatly simplify structure simultaneously, improve positioning precision, reduce production cost and improve reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram (vertical view face, front side figure).
Fig. 2 is present configuration schematic diagram (trailing flank top view).
In figure: support 1, half worm gear 2, workbench 3, shower nozzle 4, consumptive material 5, head cartridge 6, Z axis drive motor 7, Z axis screw rod 8, Z axis guide rail 9, rocking arm 10, table drive motor 11, rocking arm to drive motor 12, worm screw 13.
Detailed description of the invention
Hot melt under prior art piles up three axles (X-axis, Y-axis, Z axis) the numerical control positioning system of class 3D printer, nearly all have employed linear motion guide.Technically, the length of line slideway is greater than impulse stroke, and must be to be mutually perpendicular between each guide rail.Therefore, the agent structure of this kind of 3D printer is mostly box, bulky and heavy.During 3D printer, drive X-axis and drive motor constantly interoperation, each bar curve in formation model tomography or straight line, i.e. one section under control of the computer of Y-axis.Therefore their workload is big, weares and teares the most serious.And Z axis only has floor height just to have action when having increase, and its range is exactly the height of model.It prints a model and just walks one stroke, so the abrasion of Z axis is the least, it is relatively small much on the precision of 3D printer and the impact in service life.Can suitably ignore.In 3D printer work process, the most frequent and quantity of motion of moving be maximum be X-axis and Y-axis.And in whole printer arrangement, in order to dispose the rail plate of X-axis and Y-axis, often 3D printer is made case structure.This just makes the structure of 3D printer more complicated, simultaneously for ensureing that rigidity has to be greatly increased material thickness, makes the weight of 3D printer be greatly increased.So in the numerical control positioning system of 3D printer, replacing sliding rail structure has great meaning to 3D printer.
The operation principle of the present invention: in order to simplify the structure of the plane numerical controlled alignment system of existing 3D printer X-axis and Y-axis composition, elimination rail plate weares and teares the impact on printing precision and extends the service life of 3D printer.The present invention mainly takes the horizontal pan of rotation and the rocking arm utilizing workbench, and both cooperate to replacement X-axis and the linear motion of Y-axis, and straight line or the curve of model digital slices are presented in before the nozzle of shower nozzle, it is achieved 3D prints.Its concrete structure is one end of rocking arm 10 to be hinged on support 1 or is movably arranged on Z axis guide rail 9 (movable installation described here refers to that rocking arm 10 can swing the mounting structure of (rotation) around Z axis guide rail 9), and both its effects are the same.Hinged or movable installation, is here to become being completed by the swing rotary of rocking arm 10 as the center of circle swung, thus can the slip originally needing guide rail being completed of task, part to rocking arm 10.This just can be greatly reduced abrasion, improves positioning precision and can also reduce driving power, i.e. reduce motor (motor that the application states be motor or band reducing gear motor) load.The other end of rocking arm 10 is equipped with table drive motor 11 and half worm gear 2, equipped with workbench 3 in the rotating shaft of table drive motor 11.Table drive motor 11 can drive workbench 3 to rotate.The most alternative X-axis of rotary motion of workbench 3 or Y-axis motion.Rocking arm 10 can be with half worm gear 2, table drive motor 11 horizontal hunting together with workbench 3.This swing can be on the premise of shower nozzle 4 level be motionless, and cooperating platform 3 rotates, and makes any one level point on workbench 3 move on to the lower section of shower nozzle 4, make on workbench 3 without blind spot；It is to say, table drive motor 11, rocking arm drive motor 12 under control of the computer, arbitrarily what level point on workbench 3 can be made can to move on to the lower section of shower nozzle 4, instead of X-axis and the effect of Y-axis rail plate completely.
The work process of the present invention is: after user opens 3D printer power supply, computer system resets and starts working, and then computer drives motor 11 to drive workbench 3 to rotate towards the direction of microswitch or reseting sensor by electric machine controller instruction works platform, when a specified point of workbench 3 touches microswitch or reseting sensor, microswitch or reseting sensor send workbench 3 to computer and put in place signal.Then computer sends halt instruction to table drive motor 11, and workbench 3 stops at the starting point of work, resets successfully.And then computer drives motor 12 also by electric machine controller instruction rocking arm, drives half worm gear 2 direction towards microswitch or reseting sensor together with driving rocking arm 10 grade to rotate by worm screw 13.When the specified point on rocking arm 10 touches microswitch or reseting sensor, microswitch or reseting sensor send rocking arm 10 to computer and put in place signal.Computer drives motor 12 to send halt instruction to rocking arm, and rocking arm 10 stops on the position of work starting point, and rocking arm 10 resets successfully.System-wide reset result is the nozzle of the work starting point alignment shower nozzle 4 making setting on workbench 3, and the nozzle of shower nozzle 4 has suitable height away from workbench 3.After total system has resetted, computer just can drive table drive motor 11, rocking arm to drive motor 12 interoperation by electric machine controller according to the model slice data of user input, complete the running fix task of X-axis and Y direction.
After 3D printer has printed one layer of section, computer will drive motor 7 to drive the head cartridge 6 being contained on Z axis guide rail and being threaded togather with Z axis screw rod 8 to rise by Z axis screw rod 8 by motor controller controls Z axis, prepares for printing next one section.So the most printable complete model of circulation.