技术领域technical field
本发明是有关于一种触控式显示装置与其制造方法，且特别是有关于一种电容式触控感测的显示装置与其制造方法。The present invention relates to a touch-sensitive display device and a manufacturing method thereof, and in particular to a capacitive touch-sensing display device and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
具显示器的电子产品已是现代人不论在工作处理学习上、或是个人休闲娱乐上，不可或缺的必需品，包括智慧型手机(SmartPhone)、平板电脑(Pad)、笔记型电脑(Notebook)、显示器(Monitor)到电视(TV)等许多相关产品。而消费者除了追求电子产品本身的电子特性可更优异，如显示效果高品质、操作时其应答速度更快速、使用寿命长和稳定度高等，在功能上也期待可更加丰富和多样化。而触控面板亦被广泛地应用在电子产品上，以方便使用者与之进行互动。触控面板可设置在显示装置的表面，使用者可触碰在显示装置上所显示的询问消息以进行回应、可触碰显示装置上所显示选单的选项以进行选择、可卷动选项的清单，或甚至提供自由格式的输入，例如在显示装置上绘制一物件，诸如以手写字元进行文字输入。Electronic products with displays have become an indispensable necessity for modern people, whether in work, study, or personal leisure and entertainment, including smart phones (SmartPhone), tablet computers (Pad), notebook computers (Notebook), Display (Monitor) to television (TV) and many other related products. Consumers are not only looking for better electronic features of electronic products, such as high-quality display effect, faster response speed during operation, long service life and high stability, but also expect richer and more diversified functions. The touch panel is also widely used in electronic products for the convenience of users to interact with it. The touch panel can be arranged on the surface of the display device, and the user can touch the inquiry message displayed on the display device to respond, can touch the option of the menu displayed on the display device to select, and can scroll the list of options , or even provide free-form input, such as drawing an object on the display device, such as text input with handwritten characters.
触控式显示装置中，若依现有显示萤幕触控的驱动设计，大致可区分为电阻式、光学式、电容式与电磁式四大技术。其中由于电容式触控面板的信赖度高，可支援多点触碰与不用触碰力道，可提供良好的使用者体验，所以被广泛的应用在手机与平板电脑等消费性电子产品，是目前常用也重要的触控面板驱动技术。In the touch display device, according to the existing display screen touch drive design, it can be roughly divided into four technologies: resistive, optical, capacitive and electromagnetic. Among them, because of the high reliability of the capacitive touch panel, it can support multi-touch and non-touch force, and can provide a good user experience, so it is widely used in consumer electronics products such as mobile phones and tablet computers. Commonly used and important touch panel driver technology.
触控式显示装置若依照触控面板所在位置可分为外挂式(out-cell)及表面式(on-cell)和内嵌式(in-cell)。外挂式触控显示装置是指在没有触控功能的显示面板外部再迭加一层触控面板；表面式触控显示装置是将触控感测器加在如彩色滤光片基板的上表层；内嵌式触控显示装置是将触控感测器直接整合至显示面板结构中。其中，表面式和内嵌式触控面板由于不必再外挂触控面板，减少面板的玻璃及薄膜厚度，可使应用电子产品的厚度减薄、重量减轻。According to the location of the touch panel, touch display devices can be divided into out-cell, on-cell and in-cell. The external touch display device refers to adding a layer of touch panel on the outside of the display panel without touch function; the surface touch display device is to add the touch sensor on the upper surface of the color filter substrate ; The embedded touch display device integrates the touch sensor directly into the structure of the display panel. Among them, the surface-type and embedded-type touch panels do not need an external touch panel, reducing the thickness of the glass and film of the panel, which can reduce the thickness and weight of the applied electronic products.
图1A为一触控式显示装置的示意图。触控式显示装置1包括一显示模块11、一触控模块13和一控制模块15。其中触控模块13与显示模块11耦接，且位于显示模块11前方以供使用者进行触控操作；而控制模块15可接收来自触控模块13的信号和提供信号以驱动显示模块11。图1B为一传统电容式触控模块的驱动电极和感测电极的示意图。一般触控式显示装置可提供使用者在触控感应表面(touch sensitive surface)130上进行触控。电容式的触控模块具有多条y轴方向上的感测电极131和多条x轴方向上的驱动电极133，分别耦接至感测电路(sense circuit)132和驱动电路(drive circuit)134。驱动电路134送出驱动信号至驱动电极133，感测电路132可接收到触控感应表面130的多点触碰(multi touch)。制作时例如是于ITO基板表面分别增加位于不同层面但又相互垂直的透明导线(如菱形图案)以作为感测电极131和驱动电极133。当手指(带有微量静电)接近或触碰触控感应表面130时会使感测电极131和驱动电极133之间的耦合电容产生变化。经由控制模块15进行数据分析、处理和运算后，转换为有用坐标数据，可判断出触碰位置。FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a touch display device. The touch display device 1 includes a display module 11 , a touch module 13 and a control module 15 . The touch module 13 is coupled to the display module 11 and located in front of the display module 11 for touch operation by the user; and the control module 15 can receive signals from the touch module 13 and provide signals to drive the display module 11 . FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of driving electrodes and sensing electrodes of a conventional capacitive touch module. A general touch display device can provide users with touch control on a touch sensitive surface (touch sensitive surface) 130 . The capacitive touch module has a plurality of sensing electrodes 131 in the y-axis direction and a plurality of driving electrodes 133 in the x-axis direction, which are respectively coupled to the sensing circuit (sense circuit) 132 and the driving circuit (drive circuit) 134 . The driving circuit 134 sends a driving signal to the driving electrode 133 , and the sensing circuit 132 can receive a multi-touch on the touch-sensing surface 130 . During fabrication, for example, transparent wires (such as rhombus patterns) at different levels but perpendicular to each other are added on the surface of the ITO substrate to serve as the sensing electrodes 131 and the driving electrodes 133 . When a finger (with a small amount of static electricity) approaches or touches the touch-sensing surface 130 , the coupling capacitance between the sensing electrodes 131 and the driving electrodes 133 will change. After the data is analyzed, processed and calculated by the control module 15, it is converted into useful coordinate data, and the touch position can be determined.
然而就目前多点触控技术，如图1B所示的驱动端和接受端的x-y双轴电极方式，其驱动方法为循序地由上而下或由下而上依序扫描，进而依时序与接收到的信号判断被触控点，整面完成扫描(Scan)与数据分析和运算处理需花费较长时间。However, as far as the current multi-touch technology is concerned, the x-y dual-axis electrode method of the driving end and the receiving end as shown in Figure 1B, the driving method is to scan sequentially from top to bottom or bottom to top, and then follow the time sequence with the receiving end. It takes a long time to complete the scanning (Scan) and data analysis and calculation processing of the entire surface to judge the touched point by the received signal.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明有关于一种触控式显示装置与其制造方法，其触控模块具有三轴电极结构和单一接收器完成信号接收，可使一或多个触控点的分析计算和坐标转换上更为简化。The invention relates to a touch display device and its manufacturing method. The touch module has a three-axis electrode structure and a single receiver to complete signal reception, which can make the analysis calculation and coordinate transformation of one or more touch points more efficient. simplify.
根据本发明，提出一种触控式显示装置，包括一显示模块和与显示模块耦接的一触控模块。显示模块至少包括一第一基板、一第二基板和位于第一基板和第二基板之间的一显示介质层。触控模块包括：一第一电极层，具有数个第一驱动电极，该些第一驱动电极沿着第一方向排列；一第二电极层，具有数个第二驱动电极，该些第二驱动电极沿着第二方向排列，且第二方向与第一方向相交；和一第三电极层，具有数个感测电极，该些感测电极彼此电性连接。According to the present invention, a touch display device is proposed, which includes a display module and a touch module coupled with the display module. The display module at least includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a display medium layer between the first substrate and the second substrate. The touch module includes: a first electrode layer having several first driving electrodes arranged along the first direction; a second electrode layer having several second driving electrodes arranged The driving electrodes are arranged along the second direction, and the second direction intersects with the first direction; and a third electrode layer has several sensing electrodes, and the sensing electrodes are electrically connected to each other.
为了对本发明的上述及其他方面有更佳的了解，下文特举实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下：In order to have a better understanding of the above-mentioned and other aspects of the present invention, the following specific embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings, are described in detail as follows:
附图说明Description of drawings
图1A为一触控式显示装置的示意图。FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a touch display device.
图1B为一传统电容式触控模块的驱动电极和感测电极的示意图。FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of driving electrodes and sensing electrodes of a conventional capacitive touch module.
图2，其为本揭露一实施例的一种触控模块三轴电极的上视图。FIG. 2 is a top view of a triaxial electrode of a touch module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图3为本揭露一实施例的一种外挂式触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an add-on touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图4为本揭露一实施例的一种表面式触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a surface touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图5为本揭露一实施例的一种混合式(hybrid)触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hybrid touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图6A为本揭露一实施例的一种感测电极的上视图。FIG. 6A is a top view of a sensing electrode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图6B为图6A的感测电极断开点构成的通道的简单示意图。FIG. 6B is a simplified schematic diagram of a channel formed by the disconnection points of the sensing electrodes in FIG. 6A .
符号说明：Symbol Description:
1、2、3：触控式显示装置1, 2, 3: Touch-sensitive display device
11、20、30：显示模块11, 20, 30: display module
13、23、33：触控模块13, 23, 33: touch module
130：触控感应表面130: Touch Sensitive Surface
131、C：感测电极131, C: sensing electrode
133：驱动电极133: drive electrode
132：感测电路132: Sensing circuit
134：驱动电路134: Drive circuit
15：控制模块15: Control module
201、301、401：第一基板201, 301, 401: first substrate
202、302、402：第二基板202, 302, 402: second substrate
204、304、404：显示介质层204, 304, 404: display medium layer
205、305、405：框胶(sealant)205, 305, 405: frame glue (sealant)
23S、33S：触控基板23S, 33S: touch substrate
231、331、431：第一电极层231, 331, 431: first electrode layer
A1、A2、A3、A4…An：第一驱动电极A1, A2, A3, A4...An: the first drive electrodes
233、333、433：第二电极层233, 333, 433: second electrode layer
B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm：第二驱动电极B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm: Second drive electrodes
235、335、435、535：第三电极层235, 335, 435, 535: the third electrode layer
535x：第一感测电极线535x: first sensing electrode line
535y：第二感测电极线535y: second sensing electrode line
535p：断开点535p: break point
C1：第一通道C1: first channel
C2：第二通道C2: second channel
535-L1：感测电极535网格的第一长边535-L1: the first long side of the grid of sensing electrodes 535
535-S1：感测电极535网格的第一短边535-S1: the first short side of the grid of sensing electrodes 535
535-S2：感测电极535网格的第二短边535-S2: the second short side of the grid of sensing electrodes 535
535-L2：感测电极535网格的第二长边535-L2: the second long side of the grid of sensing electrodes 535
535c：连续部535c: Continuity
de方向：连续部的延伸方向de direction: the extension direction of the continuous part
25T、35T、45T：上偏光板25T, 35T, 45T: upper polarizer
25B、35B、45B：下偏光板25B, 35B, 45B: lower polarizer
26、36、46：覆盖层26, 36, 46: Overlay
具体实施方式detailed description
本揭露的实施例提出触控式显示装置与其制造方法，其触控模块具有三轴电极结构。相较于传统的触控模块其接收端需要多个接收器，实施例的驱动模块利用单一接收器完成信号接收，在分析计算和坐标转换上更为简化。Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a touch-sensitive display device and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the touch-control module has a three-axis electrode structure. Compared with the traditional touch module whose receiving end requires multiple receivers, the driving module of the embodiment uses a single receiver to complete signal reception, which is more simplified in analysis calculation and coordinate transformation.
以下参照所附图式详细叙述实施例相关内容。需注意的是，实施例所提出的结构和内容仅为举例说明之用，本揭露欲保护的范围并非仅限于所述的该些态样。再者，图式已简化以利清楚说明实施例的内容，图式上的尺寸比例并非按照实际产品等比例绘制，因此并非作为限缩本揭露保护范围之用。The related content of the embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structures and contents provided in the embodiments are for illustration purposes only, and the intended protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned aspects. Furthermore, the drawings have been simplified to clearly illustrate the content of the embodiments, and the size ratios in the drawings are not drawn in the same proportion as actual products, so they are not used to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure.
实施例的触控式显示装置，如图1A，亦具有耦接的显示模块11和触控模块13，且控制模块15可接收来自触控模块13的信号和提供信号以驱动显示模块11。请参照图2，其为本揭露一实施例的一种触控模块三轴电极的上视图。触控模块具有三个不同层别的电极层，包括：一第一电极层231、一第二电极层233和第三电极层235。第一电极层231具有数个第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An(n为正整数)，且该些第一驱动电极电性独立并沿着一第一方向排列。第二电极层233具有数个第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm(m为正整数)，该些第二驱动电极电性独立并沿着一第二方向(如x轴方向)排列，且第二方向与第一方向相交。第三电极层235具有彼此电性连接的数个感测电极C。如图2所示，彼此电性连接的感测电极C呈一短路(Short Circuit)状态。一实施中，感测电极C沿着一第三方向排列。The touch display device of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A , also has a coupled display module 11 and a touch module 13 , and the control module 15 can receive signals from the touch module 13 and provide signals to drive the display module 11 . Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a top view of a three-axis electrode of a touch module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The touch module has three different electrode layers, including: a first electrode layer 231 , a second electrode layer 233 and a third electrode layer 235 . The first electrode layer 231 has a plurality of first driving electrodes A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 . . . An (n is a positive integer), and these first driving electrodes are electrically independent and arranged along a first direction. The second electrode layer 233 has several second driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm (m is a positive integer), these second driving electrodes are electrically independent and along a second direction (such as the x-axis direction) arranged, and the second direction intersects the first direction. The third electrode layer 235 has a plurality of sensing electrodes C electrically connected to each other. As shown in FIG. 2 , the sensing electrodes C electrically connected to each other are in a short circuit state. In one implementation, the sensing electrodes C are arranged along a third direction.
一实施中，如图2所示，第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An例如是沿着y轴方向(第一方向)排列，第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm沿着x轴方向(第二方向)排列，第一方向实质上垂直于第二方向，而感测电极C则沿着z轴方向延伸。第一方向、第二方向和第三方向构成一x-y-z三轴方向的组合。实施例中，感测电极C不限制地为网格状或条块状。In one implementation, as shown in FIG. 2, the first driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An are arranged along the y-axis direction (first direction), for example, and the second driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm Arranged along the x-axis direction (second direction), the first direction is substantially perpendicular to the second direction, and the sensing electrodes C extend along the z-axis direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction constitute a combination of x-y-z three-axis directions. In an embodiment, the sensing electrodes C are not limited to a grid shape or a block shape.
当然，实施例也可以变化驱动电极的排列方式，例如第一、第二驱动电极是分别沿着x轴、y轴方向排列。再者，实施例并不限制第一、第二驱动电极相互垂直。第一、第二驱动电极的排列方向可以是相交成一角度、甚至平行，搭配适当演算法亦可计算转换出触碰位置的坐标数据。Of course, the embodiment can also change the arrangement of the driving electrodes, for example, the first and second driving electrodes are arranged along the x-axis and y-axis respectively. Furthermore, the embodiment does not limit the first and second driving electrodes to be perpendicular to each other. The arrangement directions of the first and second driving electrodes can intersect to form an angle, or even be parallel, and the coordinate data of the touch position can also be calculated and transformed with a suitable algorithm.
本揭露的实施例可应用在各种态样的触控式显示装置，如外挂式(out-cell)、表面式(on-cell)、内嵌式(in-cell)和混合式(hybrid)等触控式显示装置，并没有特别限制本揭露的应用态样和电极层的位置。The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various types of touch display devices, such as out-cell, on-cell, in-cell and hybrid and other touch-sensitive display devices, there is no particular limitation on the application aspect and the position of the electrode layer of the present disclosure.
实施例的三层电极层其实施态样并没有特别限制。例如第一电极层231、第二电极层233和第三电极层235可以各形成于一基板上，再将其多个基板组合在一起形成三轴电极；或是三个电极层任两个电极层形成于一基板上，再与形成有另一电极层的基板组合在一起形成三轴电极；或是在单一基板上进行图案化以分层形成三个电极层。其中，三个电极层的堆迭排列并不限制于特别的顺序，例如可以是第三电极层235/第二电极层233/第一电极层231由上到下堆迭排列，也可以是第三电极层235/第一电极层231/第二电极层233由上到下堆迭排列。再者，基板的上下两侧都可形成电极层，因此也可以将上下两侧各图案化一电极层的基板和具有另一电极层的基板组装，亦可构成3轴电极的架构。The implementation of the three-layer electrode layer in the embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, the first electrode layer 231, the second electrode layer 233 and the third electrode layer 235 can each be formed on a substrate, and then a plurality of substrates are combined to form a triaxial electrode; or any two electrodes of the three electrode layers A layer is formed on a substrate, and then combined with a substrate formed with another electrode layer to form a triaxial electrode; or patterned on a single substrate to form three electrode layers in layers. Wherein, the stacking arrangement of the three electrode layers is not limited to a specific order, for example, the third electrode layer 235/second electrode layer 233/first electrode layer 231 may be stacked from top to bottom, or the The three electrode layers 235/the first electrode layer 231/the second electrode layer 233 are stacked and arranged from top to bottom. Furthermore, electrode layers can be formed on both the upper and lower sides of the substrate, so the substrate with one electrode layer patterned on the upper and lower sides can also be assembled with a substrate with another electrode layer, and a structure of 3-axis electrodes can also be formed.
这里所指的基板可以是显示模块以外额外制作属于触控模块的基板(外挂式out-cell应用)，也可以是显示模块的彩色滤光片(CF)基板并将电极形成于CF基板的背面(表面式on-cell应用)，也可以是位于显示模块内的额外制作基板、或利用薄膜晶体管(TFT)基板(内嵌式in-cell应用)进行电极层的制作。The substrate referred to here can be a substrate that is additionally manufactured as a touch module in addition to the display module (out-cell application), or it can be a color filter (CF) substrate of the display module and the electrodes are formed on the back of the CF substrate. (surface-type on-cell application), it can also be an additional substrate located in the display module, or use a thin-film transistor (TFT) substrate (embedded in-cell application) for the fabrication of electrode layers.
若以单一基板来观察三个电极层的相对位置(是位于基板的上侧或下侧)，则有23＝8种组合，整理如下。If the relative positions of the three electrode layers (located on the upper side or the lower side of the substrate) are observed with a single substrate, there are 23 =8 combinations, which are organized as follows.
实施例中，基板例如为玻璃或高分子(如PET)等透明材质所制的板材或挠性膜材。第一电极层231、第二电极层233和第三电极层235中的驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An和B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm以及感测电极C，其材料例如是金属或氧化铟锡(ITO)，以金属/ITO成膜和经过曝光显影等图案化工艺而形成。In an embodiment, the substrate is, for example, a plate or a flexible film made of transparent material such as glass or polymer (such as PET). The driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An and B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm in the first electrode layer 231, the second electrode layer 233 and the third electrode layer 235 and the sensing electrodes C, the materials of which are, for example, Metal or indium tin oxide (ITO), formed by metal/ITO film formation and patterning processes such as exposure and development.
以下说明实施例的其中几种应用态样。Several application aspects of the embodiments are described below.
图3为本揭露一实施例的一种外挂式触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。触控式显示装置2至少包括耦接的一显示模块20和一触控模块23，其中触控模块23位于显示模块20前方以供使用者进行触控操作。如图3所示，此为外挂式触控式显示装置的态样。FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an add-on touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The touch display device 2 at least includes a coupled display module 20 and a touch module 23 , wherein the touch module 23 is located in front of the display module 20 for users to perform touch operations. As shown in FIG. 3 , this is the appearance of the plug-in touch display device.
图3中，显示模块20至少包括一第一基板201、一第二基板202和位于第一基板201和第二基板202之间的一显示介质层204。一实施例中，第一基板201和第二基板202例如分别为一彩色滤光片(CF)基板和一薄膜晶体管阵列(TFT array)基板，显示介质层204例如是一液晶层(LC layer)，于基板显示区域周围涂布有框胶(sealant)205，经由框胶205的硬化产生结合应力使TFT阵列基板与CF基板结合，并产生一封闭空间使液晶封闭于其中。In FIG. 3 , the display module 20 at least includes a first substrate 201 , a second substrate 202 and a display medium layer 204 between the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 . In one embodiment, the first substrate 201 and the second substrate 202 are, for example, a color filter (CF) substrate and a thin film transistor array (TFT array) substrate, respectively, and the display medium layer 204 is, for example, a liquid crystal layer (LC layer) A sealant 205 is coated around the display area of the substrate, and the hardening of the sealant 205 generates bonding stress to combine the TFT array substrate with the CF substrate, and create a closed space for liquid crystal to be enclosed therein.
触控模块23包括一触控基板23S位于显示模块20的外侧，而实施例的第一电极层231、第二电极层233和第三电极层235等三层电极层可不限制地位于触控基板23S的同一侧，或是不同侧(即第一电极层231、第二电极层233和第三电极层235其中任两者与另一者分别位于触控基板23S的不同侧)。其中触控基板23S例如是为一透明玻璃或一透明高分子膜材(如聚乙烯对苯二甲酸酯，Polyethylene Terephthalate，PET)。实施例中，具有感测电极C的第三电极层235例如是近触控表面设置，以维持感测电极C接收触控信号的灵敏度。如图3所示，第一电极层231(驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An)和第二电极层233(驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm)形成于触控基板23S的上下两侧，第三电极层235(感测电极C)则形成于第一电极层231上。The touch module 23 includes a touch substrate 23S located on the outside of the display module 20, and the three electrode layers of the embodiment, such as the first electrode layer 231, the second electrode layer 233 and the third electrode layer 235, can be located on the touch substrate without limitation. The same side of the touch panel 23S, or different sides (that is, any two of the first electrode layer 231 , the second electrode layer 233 and the third electrode layer 235 are located on different sides of the touch substrate 23S). Wherein the touch substrate 23S is, for example, a transparent glass or a transparent polymer film (such as polyethylene terephthalate, Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET). In an embodiment, the third electrode layer 235 with the sensing electrodes C is disposed close to the touch surface, so as to maintain the sensitivity of the sensing electrodes C to receive touch signals. As shown in FIG. 3 , the first electrode layer 231 (driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An) and the second electrode layer 233 (driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm) are formed on the touch substrate 23S. On the upper and lower sides, the third electrode layer 235 (sensing electrode C) is formed on the first electrode layer 231 .
当然，应用时亦可变化实施例的电极层的位置，例如将第一电极层231和第二电极层233制作于触控基板23S的同一侧，而第三电极层(感测电极C)235则位于该触控基板的另一侧。本揭露并不特别限制。再者，实施例中亦可将其中一电极层如第三电极层制作于另一触控基板上，再与具两轴电极的触控基板组合在一起而形成三轴电极结构。Of course, the positions of the electrode layers of the embodiment can also be changed during application, for example, the first electrode layer 231 and the second electrode layer 233 are fabricated on the same side of the touch substrate 23S, and the third electrode layer (sensing electrode C) 235 It is located on the other side of the touch substrate. The present disclosure is not particularly limited. Furthermore, in the embodiment, one of the electrode layers such as the third electrode layer can also be fabricated on another touch substrate, and then combined with the touch substrate with biaxial electrodes to form a triaxial electrode structure.
另外，如图3所示，触控式显示装置2更包括一上偏光板25T、一下偏光板25B和一覆盖层(covering layer)26。其中，覆盖层26可位于触控模块23的上方处，其材质例如是透明保护玻璃或塑胶或其它适合的透明保护材料，上偏光板25T位于覆盖层26与触控模块23之间，下偏光板25B位于第一基板201的表面。其中，上偏光板25T和下偏光板25B可依实际应用态样选择性地作极化处理。In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the touch display device 2 further includes an upper polarizer 25T, a lower polarizer 25B and a covering layer 26 . Wherein, the cover layer 26 can be located above the touch module 23, and its material is, for example, transparent protective glass or plastic or other suitable transparent protective materials. The upper polarizer 25T is located between the cover layer 26 and the touch module 23, and the lower polarizer The plate 25B is located on the surface of the first substrate 201 . Wherein, the upper polarizer 25T and the lower polarizer 25B can be selectively polarized according to the actual application.
图4为本揭露一实施例的一种表面式触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。触控式显示装置3亦包括耦接的一显示模块30和一触控模块33，其中显示模块30亦包括第一基板(例如TFT阵列基板)301、第二基板302(例如CF基板)，和位于第一基板301和第二基板302之间的显示介质层304如一液晶层。基板显示区域周围涂布有框胶305，可结合TFT阵列基板与CF基板并产生一封闭空间使液晶封闭于内部。如图4所示，第一电极层331、第二电极层333和第三电极层335位于第二基板302的背侧，相对于显示介质层304的另一侧。制作时可在CF基板(第二基板302)上图案化两层驱动电极以形成驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An(第一电极层331)和驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm(第二电极层333)。并于一触控基板33S上形成感测电极C(第三电极层335)，组合后即可获得实施例的三轴触控电极结构。图4所示的实施例结构为表面式(on-cell)触控式显示装置的态样。当然，电极层的堆迭顺序可以调整，其它细部结构亦可依应用需求而做修饰与变化，本揭露对此并不多做限制，只要能构成实施例的三轴触控电极结构即属本揭露的应用态样。FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a surface touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The touch display device 3 also includes a coupled display module 30 and a touch module 33, wherein the display module 30 also includes a first substrate (such as a TFT array substrate) 301, a second substrate 302 (such as a CF substrate), and The display medium layer 304 located between the first substrate 301 and the second substrate 302 is such as a liquid crystal layer. A sealant 305 is coated around the display area of the substrate, which can combine the TFT array substrate and the CF substrate and create a closed space to seal the liquid crystal inside. As shown in FIG. 4 , the first electrode layer 331 , the second electrode layer 333 and the third electrode layer 335 are located on the back side of the second substrate 302 , opposite to the other side of the display medium layer 304 . During fabrication, two layers of driving electrodes can be patterned on the CF substrate (second substrate 302) to form driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An (first electrode layer 331) and driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4... Bm (second electrode layer 333). And the sensing electrodes C (third electrode layer 335 ) are formed on a touch control substrate 33S, and the three-axis touch electrode structure of the embodiment can be obtained after combination. The structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an on-cell touch display device. Of course, the stacking order of the electrode layers can be adjusted, and other detailed structures can also be modified and changed according to application requirements. The disclosed application form.
电极层除了上述位于显示模块外侧的实施态样外，也可以位于显示模块内。例如第一电极层和第二电极层可位于显示模块内(如近第一基板处、第一基板处、或第一基板和第二基板之间)，而第三电极层可位于第二基板的背侧(hybrid)或亦于显示模块内(in-cell)。In addition to the aforementioned embodiment of being located outside the display module, the electrode layer can also be located inside the display module. For example, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can be located in the display module (such as near the first substrate, at the first substrate, or between the first substrate and the second substrate), and the third electrode layer can be located on the second substrate. The backside (hybrid) or also in the display module (in-cell).
图5为本揭露一实施例的一种混合式(hybrid)触控式显示装置的剖面示意图。其中触控式显示装置4的显示模块亦包括第一基板(例如TFT阵列基板)401、第二基板402(例如CF基板)，和位于第一基板401和第二基板402之间的显示介质层404(如一液晶层)与框胶405。一实施例中，触控模块可包括新增的一驱动端导电层(如金属层或ITO层)位于第一基板401和第二基板402之间，导电层包括第一电极层431(驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An)和第二电极层433(驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm)的架构，以传送信号；在第一电极层431跨越第二电极层433时，可利用现有显示模块中的第一金属层(Metal-1)或第二金属层(Metal-2)或其它可导电层进行换层处理。再于第二基板402的背侧形成第三电极层435。例如在共平面切换(In-Plane switching，IPS)显示器中的一屏蔽层(shielding layer)直接形成第三电极层435，达到其接收端(感测电极C)的功能。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hybrid touch display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The display module of the touch display device 4 also includes a first substrate (such as a TFT array substrate) 401, a second substrate 402 (such as a CF substrate), and a display medium layer between the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402 404 (such as a liquid crystal layer) and frame glue 405 . In one embodiment, the touch module may include an additional conductive layer at the driving end (such as a metal layer or an ITO layer) located between the first substrate 401 and the second substrate 402, and the conductive layer includes a first electrode layer 431 (a driving electrode layer) A1, A2, A3, A4...An) and the second electrode layer 433 (driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm) to transmit signals; when the first electrode layer 431 crosses the second electrode layer 433, The first metal layer (Metal-1) or the second metal layer (Metal-2) or other conductive layers in the existing display module can be used to perform the layer changing process. A third electrode layer 435 is then formed on the back side of the second substrate 402 . For example, a shielding layer (shielding layer) in an in-plane switching (IPS) display directly forms the third electrode layer 435 to achieve the function of its receiving end (sensing electrode C).
除了新增驱动端导电层，由于现有显示模块架构包括了数据信号线(datalines)、栅极信号线(gate lines)和共同电压层(Vcom)，一实施例中，第一电极层431的第一驱动电极可与显示模块中的数条数据信号线(data lines)同一层，第二电极层433的第二驱动电极可与显示模块中的数条栅极信号线(gate lines)同一层。实施例中，若使第一电极层431的第一驱动电极A、B分别与数据信号线、栅极信号线共用线路，可利用显示画面间的空白时间(blanking time)进行信号扫描。In addition to adding the conductive layer of the driving terminal, since the existing display module structure includes data signal lines (datalines), gate signal lines (gate lines) and a common voltage layer (Vcom), in one embodiment, the first electrode layer 431 The first driving electrodes can be on the same layer as several data signal lines (data lines) in the display module, and the second driving electrodes of the second electrode layer 433 can be on the same layer as several gate signal lines (gate lines) in the display module . In the embodiment, if the first driving electrodes A and B of the first electrode layer 431 are respectively shared with the data signal lines and the gate signal lines, signal scanning can be performed by utilizing the blanking time between display frames.
此种位于显示模块内的驱动电极A/B和位于显示模块外的感测电极C，组合后即可构成实施例的三轴触控电极结构。而此种实施例结构为混合式(hybrid)触控式显示装置的态样。The combination of the driving electrodes A/B inside the display module and the sensing electrodes C outside the display module can constitute the three-axis touch electrode structure of the embodiment. The structure of this embodiment is in the form of a hybrid touch display device.
另外，第三电极层435除了可位于第二基板402的背侧，在另一实施例中，第三电极层435亦可位于显示模块内，而此种实施例结构为内嵌式(in-cell)触控式显示装置的态样。类似地，可利用新增的一驱动端导电层完成第一电极层431(驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An)和第二电极层433(驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm)的架构，以传送信号，在第一电极层431跨越第二电极层433时，可利用现有显示模块中的第一金属层(Metal-1)或第二金属层(Metal-2)或其它可导电层进行换层处理。第一电极层431和第二电极层433亦可以是和现有显示模块架构下的数据信号线(data lines)、栅极信号线(gate lines)共用线路。而显示模块内可新增一接收端导电层(例如在黑色矩阵上形成一图案化导电网)以完成第三电极层435(感测电极C)的架构；或是于显示模块中的一共同电压层(Vcom)上形成第三电极层435，利用Vcom作为接收端，进而达到随时均可驱动信号，而不影响显示装置的显示功能。In addition, besides the third electrode layer 435 can be located on the back side of the second substrate 402, in another embodiment, the third electrode layer 435 can also be located in the display module, and the structure of this embodiment is an in-cell (in- cell) is an aspect of a touch-sensitive display device. Similarly, the first electrode layer 431 (driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An) and the second electrode layer 433 (driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm) can be completed by using a new driving end conductive layer. ) architecture to transmit signals, when the first electrode layer 431 crosses the second electrode layer 433, the first metal layer (Metal-1) or the second metal layer (Metal-2) or Other conductive layers are subjected to layer-changing treatment. The first electrode layer 431 and the second electrode layer 433 may also be shared with data signal lines and gate signal lines in the existing display module structure. In the display module, a receiving end conductive layer can be added (for example, a patterned conductive network is formed on the black matrix) to complete the structure of the third electrode layer 435 (sensing electrode C); The third electrode layer 435 is formed on the voltage layer (Vcom), and the Vcom is used as the receiving end, so that signals can be driven at any time without affecting the display function of the display device.
一实施例中，新增的驱动端导电层和接收端导电层的材料例如是为金属或氧化铟锡(ITO)。In one embodiment, the materials of the newly added conductive layer of the driving end and the conductive layer of the receiving end are, for example, metal or indium tin oxide (ITO).
另外，一实施例中，第三电极层435的感测电极C的图形例如是一网格状、或一条块状、或依显示品质的需要而设计有特殊图案。In addition, in one embodiment, the pattern of the sensing electrodes C of the third electrode layer 435 is, for example, a grid shape, or a block shape, or a special pattern is designed according to the requirement of display quality.
图6A为本揭露一实施例的一种感测电极的上视图。图6B为图6A的感测电极断开点构成的通道的简单示意图。如图6A所示，第三电极层535包括彼此电性连接的数条第一感测电极线535x和数条第二感测电极线535y，分别沿x方向和y方向排列以于一xy平面构成一感测电极网格，且第一感测电极线535x和第二感测电极线535y的多个交点(inter-section)处包括数个断开点(disconnecting points)535p。请同时参照图6A和图6B。该些断开点535p构成数个第一通道(first channels)C1和数个第二通道(second channels)C2，其中第一通道C1与第二通道C2相互平行并相对于x方向呈一斜角，第一通道C1朝向第二通道C2设置并和第二通道C2呈交错排列(interlaced arrangement)。实施例中，第一通道C1的该些断开点自感测电极535网格的第一长边535-L1和第一短边535-S1起始，而第二通道C2的该些断开点自感测电极535网格的第二短边535-S2和第二长边535-L2起始。其中，第一通道C1和第二通道C2之间的感测电极535网格具有一连续部(continuous portion)535c，且此连续部535c呈一弯曲形状(zigzag patten)，如图6B中的虚线所表示。连续部535c的延伸方向(如图6A、图6B中的de方向所指)实质上与第一通道C1、第二通道C2的方向呈一角度。FIG. 6A is a top view of a sensing electrode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6B is a simplified schematic diagram of a channel formed by the disconnection points of the sensing electrodes in FIG. 6A . As shown in FIG. 6A, the third electrode layer 535 includes a plurality of first sensing electrode lines 535x and a plurality of second sensing electrode lines 535y electrically connected to each other, arranged along the x direction and the y direction respectively to form an xy plane. A sensing electrode grid is formed, and the inter-sections of the first sensing electrode lines 535x and the second sensing electrode lines 535y include several disconnecting points 535p. Please refer to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B at the same time. These disconnection points 535p form several first channels (first channels) C1 and several second channels (second channels) C2, wherein the first channels C1 and the second channels C2 are parallel to each other and form an oblique angle with respect to the x direction , the first channel C1 is disposed toward the second channel C2 and is interlaced with the second channel C2. In an embodiment, the disconnection points of the first channel C1 start from the first long side 535-L1 and the first short side 535-S1 of the sensing electrode 535 grid, and the disconnection points of the second channel C2 Points originate from the second short side 535 - S2 and the second long side 535 - L2 of the grid of sense electrodes 535 . Wherein, the sensing electrode 535 grid between the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 has a continuous portion (continuous portion) 535c, and the continuous portion 535c is in a curved shape (zigzag pattern), as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6B Expressed. The extending direction of the continuous portion 535c (as indicated by the de direction in FIGS. 6A and 6B ) substantially forms an angle with the directions of the first channel C1 and the second channel C2 .
根据上述，实施例提出两层驱动电极和一层感测电极，以分别作为触控模块的驱动端和接收端。实施例中，由第一电极层231/331/431(第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An)和第二电极层233/333/433(第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm)各输出一可识别信号，第三电极层235/335/435(感测电极C)则会接收到各个驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An和驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm的值。当触控发生时，其该触控处的信号会与未接触时的信号有明显差异，控制器再由有落差的信号中辨识触控点。例如，未接触触控模块时，第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An、第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm分别输出一第一信号和一第二信号，当单点或多点接触触控模块时，第一、第二信号改变，经由改变的第一、第二信号，控制器的一逻辑运算单元经由分析和运算可转换出该单点或多点位置的坐标，进而辨识触控点。According to the above, the embodiment proposes two layers of driving electrodes and one layer of sensing electrodes to serve as the driving end and the receiving end of the touch module respectively. In an embodiment, the first electrode layer 231/331/431 (the first driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An) and the second electrode layer 233/333/433 (the second driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm) each output an identifiable signal, and the third electrode layer 235/335/435 (sensing electrode C) will receive the driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An and the driving electrodes B1, B2, B3 , B4...Bm values. When a touch occurs, the signal at the touch point will be significantly different from the signal when there is no touch, and the controller will then identify the touch point from the signal with a drop. For example, when not touching the touch module, the first driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An, and the second driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm respectively output a first signal and a second signal. When a point or multi-point touches the touch module, the first and second signals change. Through the changed first and second signals, a logic operation unit of the controller can convert the position of the single point or multi-point through analysis and operation. Coordinates, and then identify the touch point.
一实施例中，驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An和驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm可识别的信号例如是单一或数个脉冲(pulse)、频率(freq)、相位(phase)、弦波、三角波或调变信号或一数学组合的信号(如正交码…等)。本揭露并不特别限制。例如，其侦测方式如A1信号为频率Freq-A1、B2信号为频率Freq-B2，在未触控时，其侦测到的信号强度为AmpA1、AmpB2，而当触控发生时，且A1信号和B2信号的强度变化为AmpA1’、AmpB2’，经由逻辑运算单元分析和运算可以得知：A1、B2交点为触控点，并转换出其对应坐标值。In one embodiment, the identifiable signals of the driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An and the driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm are, for example, single or several pulses (pulse), frequency (freq), phase ( phase), sine wave, triangular wave or modulated signal or a signal of a mathematical combination (such as quadrature code...etc.). The present disclosure is not particularly limited. For example, the detection method is such that the A1 signal is frequency Freq-A1, and the B2 signal is frequency Freq-B2. When it is not touched, the detected signal strength is AmpA1 and AmpB2. When a touch occurs, and A1 The intensity changes of the signal and the B2 signal are AmpA1', AmpB2'. Through the analysis and operation of the logical operation unit, it can be known that the intersection of A1 and B2 is a touch point, and its corresponding coordinate value is converted.
再者，第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An和第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm的驱动方式可以是同时驱动所有电极；或是，同时对所有第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An进行驱动而第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm分时驱动；或是第一驱动电极A1、A2、A3、A4…An和第二驱动电极B1、B2、B3、B4…Bm均分时驱动。本揭露对此并不多作限制。若第一驱动电极和第二驱动电极同时驱动时，则感测电极C可同时地接收相应信号。若第一驱动电极和第二驱动电极分时驱动，则感测电极C接续地接收相应信号。Furthermore, the driving method of the first driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An and the second driving electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm can be to drive all the electrodes simultaneously; or, simultaneously drive all the first driving electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An are driven and the second drive electrodes B1, B2, B3, B4...Bm are driven in time division; or the first drive electrodes A1, A2, A3, A4...An and the second drive electrodes B1 , B2, B3, B4...Bm are equally time-sharing driven. This disclosure does not limit this much. If the first driving electrodes and the second driving electrodes are driven simultaneously, the sensing electrodes C can simultaneously receive corresponding signals. If the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are time-divisionally driven, the sensing electrode C receives corresponding signals successively.
相较于传统的触控模块其接收端需要多个接收器，本揭露实施例的所提出的触控式显示装置，其驱动模块只需单一接收器(即彼此电性连接的感测电极C)便可达成信号接收。再者，如实施例所提出的三轴电极架构，第一、第二驱动电极的设计可使控制器迅速获得一或多个触控点的xy位置，在分析计算和坐标转换上较已知技术更为简化。Compared with the traditional touch module whose receiving end requires multiple receivers, the touch display device proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure only needs a single receiver (that is, the sensing electrodes C electrically connected to each other) for the driving module. ) to achieve signal reception. Furthermore, like the three-axis electrode structure proposed in the embodiment, the design of the first and second driving electrodes can enable the controller to quickly obtain the xy position of one or more touch points, which is relatively known in analysis calculation and coordinate transformation Technology is more simplified.
综上所述，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然其并非用以限定本发明。本发明所属技术领域中具有通常知识者，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，当可作各种的更动与润饰。因此，本发明的保护范围当视权利要求书所界定者为准。To sum up, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310288891.0ACN104281306B (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2013-07-10 | Touch control type display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310288891.0ACN104281306B (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2013-07-10 | Touch control type display device and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN104281306A CN104281306A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| CN104281306Btrue CN104281306B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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| CN201310288891.0AActiveCN104281306B (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2013-07-10 | Touch control type display device and manufacturing method thereof |
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