Equipment and method for checking three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residue) of customs importTechnical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle inspection, in particular to equipment and a method for inspecting three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residue) imported from customs.
Background
The "three wastes" refers to waste metals, waste plastics, solid wastes, wherein the solid wastes refer to solid, semi-solid and gaseous articles and substances which are discarded or abandoned in the production, living and other activities and are put in a container, although the original utilization value is lost or not, and articles and substances which are regulated by laws and administrative laws and regulations and are included in the solid waste management, and the articles and substances are conventionally called as "ocean wastes". According to the regulations of the national State of the people's republic of China on the prevention and treatment of the environmental pollution caused by solid wastes, the nations classify and manage various waste imports in three modes of prohibited import, restricted import and automatic permission. Import is prohibited for solid wastes that cannot be used as raw materials or cannot be utilized in a harmless manner, and restricted import and automatic licensed import management are performed for solid wastes that can be used as raw materials. The imported solid waste is required to meet the national environmental protection standard and is qualified by the quality supervision, inspection and quarantine departments. Customs transacts the checking and releasing procedures for waste metals and waste plastics which meet the requirements of import, and related documents such as a solid waste import permit issued by the administrative department of environmental protection of the state department and the 'entry goods customs clearance note' issued by the entry-exit inspection and quarantine institution.
China promulgates the law and regulation of waste management from 1996. The laws and regulations currently followed are mainly: the environmental protection and control method for the solid waste of the people's republic of China, the temporary regulations on the import of waste, the catalogues of the import of waste which can be used as raw materials and the environmental protection and control standards of the import waste are all included in the technical field of the environmental protection and control technology for the solid waste of the people's republic of China. Since 1996, the State environmental protection administration, together with the original foreign trade department and the customs administration, has set up a list of waste materials that have been issued the national restrictions of import, including animal waste, smelting slag and wood waste, waste cardboard, textile waste, waste scraps of waste metals and products thereof, various waste hardware, motors, electrical products, waste transportation equipment, waste scraps and leftovers of plastics, and the like, and has prohibited import of waste materials that are not listed in the list. Compared with other countries, the restriction of waste import in China is stricter. Internationally, some of the wastes (such as scrap steel, scrap copper, scrap aluminum, and scrap paper) listed in "the catalog of wastes available as raw materials for national restricted import" of China belong to freely traded commodities.
The customs administration not only carries out registration supervision on the major 'three wastes' smuggling case and enhances the inspection guidance of special work, but also carries out risk analysis and market investigation on the 'three wastes' smuggling import condition organization, and fully applies two law enforcement means of criminal and administrative affairs to implement accurate strike on 'three wastes' smuggling. At present, the customs nationwide aims to block the sea-land channel of the smuggling border of wastes, and the maritime and onshore pursuit strength is enhanced. However, few supervisors, few gates, electronic loadometer, X-ray inspection equipment, single cargo yard and other infrastructure and actual supervision are difficult to achieve, which are the difficulties of the current 'three wastes' inspection and seriously affect the clearance efficiency. For small ports with crude facilities, customs can only stop accepting the declaration of imported waste metals and waste plastics. At present, most imported 'three wastes' goods are subjected to a 100% pound inspection mode, namely a mode of collecting customs duty according to the weight of the goods weighed by a weighbridge scale, if the goods in a vehicle need to be inspected specifically, the vehicle needs to be opened for inspection, and at present, no high-efficiency and high-precision detection equipment special for 'three wastes' is available in China.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problem that whether the three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residues) are carried with forbidden articles cannot be accurately detected in the customs three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residues) detection mode in the prior art, and provides equipment and a method for detecting the three wastes (waste water, waste residues) at the customs import, wherein the equipment and the method can be used for intuitively detecting whether the three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residues) contain the forbidden articles through images.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for inspecting customs import "three wastes", said apparatus being of a door frame type structure comprising:
the device comprises a ray unit, a control unit and a display unit, wherein the ray unit is used for generating a high-energy X-ray beam for detecting cargos on a vehicle to be detected;
the detector unit is arranged opposite to the ray unit and used for receiving the X-ray beam generated by the ray unit, converting the X-ray beam into an electric signal and outputting the electric signal to the image processing and control unit;
the image processing and control unit is connected with the ray unit and the detector unit and is used for controlling the starting and the closing of the ray unit and the detector unit; meanwhile, receiving the electric signal output by the detector unit, processing the electric signal to generate a vehicle cargo scanning image, and storing the vehicle cargo scanning image into a storage unit; the image processing and control unit further comprises:
the comparison and pair unit is used for judging whether the vehicle cargo contains suspicious goods according to the vehicle cargo scanning image, if so, marking the position of the suspicious goods on the vehicle cargo scanning image, and sending the marked vehicle cargo scanning image to the rechecking unit; otherwise, not marking;
the rechecking unit is used for analyzing the position of the suspicious object in the vehicle cargo scanning image and determining whether the suspicious object is a contraband object;
and the storage unit is used for storing the vehicle cargo scanning image.
The ray unit for generating X-ray is an electron induction accelerator with a cyclotron structure.
The detector unit adopts a single-row, double-row or multi-row scintillator structure, and the scintillator is at least one of cadmium tungstate scintillation crystals, thallium-doped cesium iodide scintillation crystals or bismuth germanate scintillation crystals.
The vehicle identification unit is also included;
wherein,
and the vehicle identification unit is connected with the image processing and control unit and is used for identifying the position of a cab of the vehicle to be detected and judging whether the vehicle to be detected starts to drive in or completely drives out of the scanning area.
The vehicle identification unit comprises a photoelectric safety device and a ground induction coil;
wherein,
the photoelectric safety device is used for judging whether the cab of the vehicle to be detected drives away from the scanning area or not, when the cab of the vehicle to be detected drives away from the scanning area, the photoelectric safety device sends a signal that the cab drives away from the scanning area to the image processing and control unit, and the image processing and control unit sends a command for starting the ray unit and the detector unit when receiving the signal that the cab drives away from the scanning area;
the ground induction coils are arranged at an entrance and an exit of the equipment, when the ground induction coils detect that a vehicle enters the scanning area, the ground induction coils send vehicle entering signals to the image processing and control unit, and the image processing and control unit enters a preparation state after receiving the vehicle entering signals; when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely exits the scanning area, a vehicle exit signal is sent to the image processing and control unit, and when the image processing and control unit receives the vehicle exit signal, a command for closing the ray unit and the detector unit is sent.
The radiation safety control unit is also included;
wherein,
the radiation safety control unit comprises a radiation dose monitor and an emergency brake, wherein the radiation dose monitor is arranged near the ray unit and used for detecting the intensity of X-rays emitted by the ray unit, and when the intensity of the X-rays emitted by the ray unit exceeds a safety range, the emergency brake is started to stop the operation of the equipment.
The device also comprises a display screen;
wherein,
the display screen is used for displaying the vehicle cargo scanning image of the current scanned vehicle or the vehicle cargo scanning images of other vehicles stored in the storage unit.
The radiation energy range of the ray unit is 3-9 MeV.
The width of the frame of the equipment is 4-4.5 meters, and the height of the frame of the equipment is 5-6 meters.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for checking the three wastes of customs import, which comprises the following steps:
s1: when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely drives into the scanning area, the processor controls the electronic induction accelerator to emit high-energy X rays to the vehicle to be detected;
s2: a detector unit receives the high-energy X-rays and converts the X-ray beams into electrical signals;
s3: the processor carries out image processing on the electric signal to generate a vehicle cargo scanning image, and the vehicle cargo scanning image is stored in a database;
s4: judging whether the vehicle cargo scanning image contains a suspicious object or not, if so, executing step S5; otherwise, go to step S7;
s5: marking the position of the suspicious object on the image;
s6: analyzing suspicious articles in the marked vehicle cargo scanning image, determining whether the suspicious articles are forbidden articles or not, and outputting an analysis result;
s7: when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely moves out of the scanning area, a vehicle moving-out signal is sent to the processor, and when the processor receives the vehicle moving-out signal, a command for closing the electronic induction accelerator and the detector is sent.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the equipment for inspecting the three wastes of the customs import comprises a ray unit, a detector unit, an image processing and controlling unit, a rechecking unit and a storage unit, can detect the cargoes in a vehicle and form images, can judge whether the three wastes contain suspicious articles according to the physical shapes of the images of the cargoes and the gray level information of the images, marks the positions of the suspicious articles on the images if the suspicious articles exist, and enhances and restores the images by the rechecking unit, so that the three wastes of the customs can be detected without opening a cargo box of the vehicle, and the inspection efficiency and accuracy are improved.
In the invention, the X-ray generating unit is the electron induction accelerator, when the energy is less than 10 million electrons, the electron induction accelerator is easy to manufacture and convenient to adjust, and the cost of the equipment can be reduced while the performance of the equipment is improved.
The detector unit adopts a single-row, double-row or multi-row scintillator structure, and the scintillator comprises cadmium tungstate (CdWO)4) Crystal, thallium doped cesium iodide [ chemical formula CsI (Tl) ]]The crystal or bismuth germanate (chemical formula is BGO) crystal, and the inorganic crystals have high luminous efficiency and gamma ray detection efficiency, so that the X-ray emitted by the accelerator can be detected more accurately.
The vehicle identification unit can automatically identify whether the vehicle enters the scanning area or not so as to automatically start the ray unit and the detector unit, and also can automatically identify the position of the cab so as to avoid the position of the cab during scanning so as to ensure the safety of a driver in the cab.
The radiation safety control unit is arranged near the ray unit, can detect the intensity of X-rays generated by the ray unit, and starts the emergency brake to close the equipment when the intensity of the X-rays generated by the ray unit exceeds a safety range, so that the safety of personnel near the equipment is ensured.
The display screen can be used for displaying images of goods in the vehicle, so that workers can visually observe whether the goods in the vehicle contain prohibited articles, and efficiency is improved.
The width and the height of the frame are larger than those of container vehicles, most of the vehicles passing customs are container vehicles, and the customs container vehicles can pass through the frame without stopping, so that the inspection of the container vehicles and other vehicles is facilitated, and the inspection efficiency is improved.
The method for checking the three wastes of the customs import discovers X-ray beams to a vehicle to be checked, generates a vehicle cargo scanning image, judges whether the vehicle cargo scanning image contains suspicious articles, marks the positions of the suspicious articles on the image if the vehicle cargo scanning image contains the suspicious articles, performs recheck analysis on the positions of the suspicious articles of the vehicle cargo scanning image, performs enhanced restoration on the image by using image processing software, and determines whether the suspicious articles are forbidden articles; the method can detect whether smuggled goods or other contraband are carried in the customs 'three wastes' without opening a cargo box of the vehicle, thereby improving the efficiency and the accuracy of the inspection.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for inspecting three wastes imported from customs according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for checking the three wastes at customs import according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-detector unit, 2-betatron.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus for inspecting the three wastes at the customs entrance of the present invention has a door frame structure, whose frame has a width of 4-4.5 m and a height of 5-6 m, and comprises:
the radiation unit is an electron induction accelerator 2 with a rotary structure and is used for generating high-energy X-ray radiation for detecting cargos on the vehicle to be detected, and when the energy is below 10 million electron excellences, the electron induction accelerator is easy to manufacture and convenient to adjust. The betatron is arranged on the frame of the equipment for checking the three wastes at the customs entrance, preferably, on one corner of the frame of the equipment, and the radiation energy range is 3-9 MeV.
A detector unit 1, arranged opposite to the ray unit, for receiving the X-ray beam generated by the ray unit, converting the X-ray beam into an electrical signal and outputting the electrical signal to an image processing and control unit, preferably, the detector unit adopts a single-row, double-row or multi-row scintillator structure, and the scintillator is cadmium tungstate (CdWO)4) At least one of scintillation crystal, thallium-doped cesium iodide (chemical formula CsI (Tl)) scintillation crystal or bismuth germanate (chemical formula BGO) scintillation crystal.
After the X-ray signals pass through different objects, the intensity of the X-ray signals changes, after the X-ray signals are received by the detector, the X-ray signals are processed by the ultra-low noise special front-end circuit, then the processed signals are converted into digital signals, and the digital signals are sent to the image processing and control unit.
The image processing and control unit is connected with the electronic induction accelerator 2 and the detector unit 1, and controls the electronic induction accelerator 2 and the detector unit 1 to be started and closed when the vehicle to be detected drives into a scanning area; meanwhile, the X-ray signal output by the detector unit 1 is received, a vehicle cargo scanning image is generated according to the intensity of the X-ray signal, and the vehicle cargo scanning image is stored in a storage unit.
The image processing and control unit further comprises a comparison and pair unit, wherein the comparison and pair unit is used for judging whether the vehicle cargos contain suspicious articles according to the vehicle cargo scanning image, if so, marking the positions of the suspicious articles on the vehicle cargo scanning image, and sending the marked vehicle cargo scanning image to the rechecking unit; otherwise, not marking; the comparison subunit compares the vehicle cargo scanning image with the images stored in the database, determines whether the image of the suspicious object exists in the vehicle cargo scanning image, and if so, increases the brightness at the position of the suspicious object and simultaneously gives out a sound alarm.
The rechecking unit is used for analyzing the position of the suspicious object in the vehicle cargo scanning image and determining whether the suspicious object is a contraband object; the rechecking unit performs enhancement restoration on the position of the suspicious object by using image processing software, in this embodiment, a gray level histogram processing method is adopted to make the image have stronger contrast, so that the image contour of the suspicious object is clearer, and in other embodiments, any one or a combination of several methods of an interference suppression method, an edge sharpening method or a pseudo-color processing method can be adopted.
And the storage unit is connected with the image processing and control unit and is used for storing the vehicle cargo scanning image.
The vehicle identification unit comprises a photoelectric safety device and a ground induction coil, wherein,
the photoelectric safety device is used for judging whether the cab of the vehicle to be detected runs away from the scanning area or not, when the cab of the vehicle to be detected runs away from the scanning area, the photoelectric safety device sends a signal that the cab runs away from the scanning area to the image processing and control unit, and the image processing and control unit sends a command for starting the electronic induction accelerator 2 and the detector unit 1 when receiving the signal that the cab runs away from the scanning area;
the ground induction coils are arranged at an entrance and an exit of the equipment, when the ground induction coils detect that a vehicle enters the scanning area, the ground induction coils send vehicle entering signals to the image processing and control unit, and the image processing and control unit enters a preparation state after receiving the vehicle entering signals; when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely moves out of the scanning area, a vehicle moving-out signal is sent to the image processing and control unit, and the image processing and control unit sends out a command for closing the ray unit and the detector unit when receiving the vehicle moving-out signal.
The radiation safety control unit comprises a radiation dose monitor and an emergency brake, wherein the radiation dose monitor is arranged near the electron induction accelerator 2 and used for detecting the intensity of X rays emitted by the electron induction accelerator 2, and when the intensity of the X rays emitted by the electron induction accelerator 2 exceeds a safety range, the emergency brake is started to stop the operation of the equipment.
When a container vehicle drives through the device for inspecting the three wastes at the customs entrance, the vehicle identification unit identifies that the vehicle enters a scanning area, sends a vehicle entering signal to the image processing and control unit, and after the photoelectric safety device identifies that a cab exits the scanning area, the image processing and control unit starts the electronic induction accelerator 2 and the detector unit 1 to scan the container vehicle, a worker checks a scanned image of the vehicle cargo on a display screen, judges whether the cargo is the three wastes according to the physical shape and gray scale information of the cargo in the image, and if so, the container vehicle is intercepted quickly, so that the working efficiency is improved. The invention is also provided with a radiation safety control unit, and when the intensity of the X-ray emitted by the ray unit exceeds a safety range, the emergency brake can close the whole equipment. To ensure the safety of personnel in the vicinity of the device.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for checking the three wastes of customs import, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
s1: when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely drives into the scanning area, the processor controls the electronic induction accelerator of the cyclotron structure to emit high-energy X rays to the vehicle to be detected;
s2: a detector unit receives the high-energy X-rays and converts the X-ray beams into electrical signals;
s3: the processor carries out image processing on the electric signal to generate a vehicle cargo scanning image, and the vehicle cargo scanning image is stored in a database;
s4: judging whether the vehicle cargo scanning image contains a suspicious object or not, if so, executing step S5; otherwise, go to step S7;
s5: marking the position of the suspicious object on the image;
s6: analyzing suspicious articles in the marked vehicle cargo scanning image, and utilizing image processing software to enhance and restore the image, wherein in the embodiment, a gray level histogram processing method is adopted to make the image have stronger contrast, so that the outline of the suspicious article image is clearer, in other embodiments, any one or combination of interference suppression, edge sharpening or pseudo-color processing can be adopted to determine whether the suspicious articles are forbidden articles, and the analysis result is output;
s7: when the ground induction coil detects that the vehicle completely moves out of the scanning area, a vehicle moving-out signal is sent to the processor, and the processor sends out a command for closing the electronic induction accelerator and the detector when receiving the vehicle moving-out signal.
The detector unit adopts a single-row, double-row or multi-row scintillator structure, and the scintillator comprises cadmium tungstate scintillation crystals, thallium-doped cesium iodide scintillation crystals or bismuth germanate scintillation crystals.
In step S1, the method further includes:
s101: when a ground induction coil arranged at an entrance of the scanning area detects that a vehicle enters the scanning area, a vehicle entering signal is sent to a processor, and the processor enters a preparation state;
s102: and the photoelectric safety device identifies the position of the cab of the vehicle to be detected, and when the cab moves away from the scanning area, the processor sends a control command for starting the electronic induction accelerator and the detector.
In step S1, the method further includes:
s103: the radiation dose monitor detects the intensity of the X-rays emitted by the radiation unit, and when the intensity of the X-rays emitted by the radiation unit exceeds a safety range, the emergency brake is started to stop the operation of the equipment.
The radiation energy range of the electron induction accelerator with the cyclotron structure is 3-9 MeV.
The method comprises the steps of finding an X-ray beam for a vehicle to be detected, generating a vehicle cargo scanning image, judging whether the vehicle cargo scanning image contains a suspicious object, marking the position of the suspicious object on the image if the vehicle cargo scanning image contains the suspicious object, carrying out rechecking analysis on the position of the suspicious object of the vehicle cargo scanning image, carrying out enhancement restoration on the image by using image processing software, and determining whether the suspicious object is a forbidden object; the method can detect whether smuggled goods or other contraband are carried in the customs 'three wastes' without opening a cargo box of the vehicle, thereby improving the efficiency and the accuracy of the inspection.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.