技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种基于母管压力的一次风机RB优化控制方法。The invention relates to an RB optimization control method of a primary fan based on main pipe pressure.
背景技术Background technique
随着材料技术的发展和节能要求的不断提高，机组容量越来越大，被控参数越来越多，对自动控制提出了更高的要求,必须采用更先进的控制策略方能保证机组在各种工况下的安全稳定运行。火力发电厂中的RB(RUNBACK)是指机组主要辅机故障跳闸造成机组实发功率受到限制时，为适应设备出力，控制系统强制将机组负荷减到尚在运行辅机所能承受的负荷目标值，此功能又被称为辅机故障减负荷。完善的RB控制策略是建立在协调控制系统稳定投入的基础上，应做到协调各子系统确保运行工况的平衡过渡，快速、平稳地把负荷降低到机组出力允许范围内。With the development of material technology and the continuous improvement of energy-saving requirements, the capacity of the unit is getting larger and larger, and there are more and more parameters to be controlled, which puts forward higher requirements for automatic control. Safe and stable operation under various working conditions. RB (RUNBACK) in a thermal power plant means that when the unit’s main auxiliary equipment fails and the actual power of the unit is limited, in order to adapt to the output of the equipment, the control system forcibly reduces the load of the unit to the load target that the auxiliary equipment that is still in operation can bear. value, this function is also called auxiliary failure load shedding. The perfect RB control strategy is based on the stable input of the coordinated control system. It should coordinate the subsystems to ensure the balanced transition of the operating conditions, and quickly and smoothly reduce the load to the allowable range of the unit output.
电厂常规的RB试验主要包括送风机RB、引风机RB、一次风机RB以及给水泵RB等。其中，一次风机RB时会对炉膛燃烧及其炉膛压力造成重大影响，其风险性最大。如果说送风机RB、引风机RB等RB成功的概率在80％以上的话，一次风机RB成功的概率则最多在70％以上。常规火电机组发生一次风机RB进行燃料控制时，会根据当时投入燃烧的粉层层数，按照自上而下的顺序进行粉层切除(简称切粉)，直到保留稳定燃烧所需的粉层层数为止，其切粉的间隔时间一般设为5-10秒。由于粉层与磨煤机之间是相互对应的，如正压直吹式中速磨为一台磨煤机对应一层粉，双进双出磨为一台磨煤机对应二层粉，因此，切粉的同时会根据粉层的切除将相对应的磨煤机跳闸(简称跳磨)，减少一次风从磨煤机的泄露，尽量保证一次风母管压力。The conventional RB test of the power plant mainly includes the supply fan RB, the induced draft fan RB, the primary fan RB and the feed water pump RB, etc. Among them, the RB of the primary fan will have a significant impact on the combustion of the furnace and the pressure of the furnace, and its risk is the greatest. If the probability of success of RB such as blower RB and induced draft fan RB is more than 80%, the probability of success of primary fan RB is at most more than 70%. When the primary fan RB of a conventional thermal power unit performs fuel control, it will cut off the powder layer (referred to as powder cutting) in a top-down order according to the number of powder layers put into combustion at that time until the powder layer required for stable combustion is retained. Up to the number, the interval of cutting powder is generally set to 5-10 seconds. Because the powder layer and the coal mill correspond to each other, such as the positive pressure direct blowing medium-speed mill, one coal mill corresponds to one layer of powder, and the double-inlet and double-outlet mill corresponds to one coal mill corresponding to the second layer of powder. Therefore, while cutting the powder, the corresponding coal mill will be tripped according to the removal of the powder layer (referred to as jump mill), reducing the leakage of the primary air from the coal mill and ensuring the pressure of the primary air main pipe as much as possible.
由于故障侧一次风机漏风，现象严重的表现为故障侧一次风机出现倒转；同时，由于国内一次风机多已进行了变频改造以实现节能，而变频器内部设有调节最快速率值以保护指令突升突降时不至于损坏变频器，但是在RB时，正常运行的一次风机指令需迅速增加以弥补故障风机所造成的风压损失。因此，当发生一次风机RB时，有时会行成一次风母管压力会瞬间大幅降低而后迅速提升情况，若此时仍按正常的磨煤机跳闸，有可能会造成一次风母管压力过低，无法保证炉膛内的正常燃烧，最终恶化形成停机事故。Due to the air leakage of the primary fan on the fault side, the serious phenomenon is that the primary fan on the fault side reverses; at the same time, since most of the domestic primary fans have undergone frequency conversion transformation to achieve energy saving, and the frequency converter is equipped with the fastest speed value to protect the sudden command. It will not damage the frequency converter when it rises and falls suddenly, but when it is RB, the command of the primary fan in normal operation needs to increase rapidly to make up for the loss of wind pressure caused by the faulty fan. Therefore, when the primary fan RB occurs, sometimes the pressure of the primary air main pipe will drop sharply in an instant and then rise rapidly. If the normal coal mill trip is still performed at this time, the pressure of the primary air main pipe may be too low , the normal combustion in the furnace cannot be guaranteed, and eventually deteriorates to form a downtime accident.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是为解决上述问题，提供一种基于母管压力的一次风机RB优化控制方法，它通过对机组磨煤机的运行状态以及一次风母管压力的变化进行分析判断，灵活调整磨煤机的运行台数以及跳闸的时间间隔，确保一次风的带粉能力，保证炉膛的正常燃烧，从而实现RB时快速稳定的降低机组出力，大大降低了机组的单侧一次风机故障时停机的风险性。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a primary fan RB optimization control method based on the pressure of the main pipe, which can flexibly adjust the mill by analyzing and judging the operating state of the coal mill of the unit and the change of the primary air main pipe pressure. The number of coal machines in operation and the time interval of tripping ensure the powder-carrying capacity of the primary air and the normal combustion of the furnace, so as to realize the rapid and stable reduction of unit output during RB and greatly reduce the risk of shutdown when the primary fan on one side of the unit fails sex.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种基于母管压力的一次风机RB优化控制方法，包括如下步骤：A primary fan RB optimization control method based on main pipe pressure, comprising the following steps:
步骤(1)：确定相关数据：确定机组额定负荷时所需投入的粉层层数N；进行不投油最低负荷稳燃特性试验，确定最低负荷稳燃所需投入的粉层层数N1，确定保证最低负荷稳燃的一次风母管压力P；切粉和跳磨的时间间隔T；Step (1): Determine the relevant data: determine the number of powder layers N required to be input at the rated load of the unit; conduct a test on the characteristics of stable combustion at the minimum load without fuel injection, and determine the number of powder layers N1 required for stable combustion at the minimum load , to determine the primary air main pipe pressure P to ensure the minimum load stable combustion; the time interval T between powder cutting and mill skipping;
步骤(2)：一次风机RB切粉跳磨：单侧一次风机故障跳闸触发一次风机RB后，将RB发生前投入运行的粉层层数N2与机组额定负荷时所需投入的粉层层数N比较；若N2≧N，则进入步骤(3-1)；若N1＜N2＜N，则进入步骤(3-2)；Step (2): The primary fan RB cuts powder and skips grinding: after the primary fan RB is triggered by a single-side primary fan failure trip, the number of powder layers N2 put into operation before the occurrence of RB and the powder layer required to be input at the rated load of the unit Number N comparison; if N2 ≧ N, then enter step (3-1); if N1 <N2 <N, then enter step (3-2);
步骤(3-1)：无时间间隔、自上而下直接切掉两层运行粉层，跳对应的磨煤机，进行切粉跳磨运行操作T秒后，对一次风母管压力测量值P1与最低负荷稳燃的一次风母管压力P进行比较，如果一次风母管压力测量值P1＜最低负荷稳燃的一次风母管压力P，且N2-2＞N1，则再按时间间隔T自上而下依次切除运行的粉层，直至N2＝N1停止切粉跳磨；如果一次风母管压力测量值P1≧最低稳燃负荷的一次风母管压力P，停止切粉和跳磨；Step (3-1): No time interval, directly cut off two layers of running powder layer from top to bottom, jump to the corresponding coal mill, and after T seconds of powder cutting and milling operation, measure the pressure value of the primary air main pipe P1 is compared with the primary air main pipe pressure P of the minimum load stable combustion, if the measured value of the primary air main pipe pressure P1 < the primary air main pipe pressure P of the minimum load stable combustion, and N2 -2 > N1 , then Then cut off the running powder layer from top to bottom according to the time interval T until N2 =N1 to stop powder cutting and skip grinding; if the primary air main pipe pressure measurement value P1 ≧ the primary air main pipe pressure P of the minimum stable combustion load , stop cutting powder and jumping mill;
步骤(3-2)：立即切掉最上一层运行粉层，跳对应的磨煤机，进行切粉跳磨运行操作T秒后，对一次风母管压力测量值P1与最低负荷稳燃的一次风母管压力P进行比较，如果一次风母管压力测量值P1＜P，且N2-1＞N1，则再按时间间隔T自上而下依次切除运行的粉层，直至N2＝N1停止切粉跳磨；如果一次风母管压力测量值P1＞P，停止切粉跳磨。Step (3-2): Immediately cut off the uppermost layer of running powder layer, jump the corresponding coal mill, and after T seconds of powder cutting and jumping mill operation, measure the pressure value P1 of the primary air main pipe and the minimum load stable combustion If the measured value of the primary air main pipe pressure P1 <P, and N2 -1>N1 , then cut off the running powder layer according to the time interval T from top to bottom until N2 ＝N1 Stop cutting powder skipping grinding; if the primary air main pipe pressure measurement value P1 >P, stop cutting powder skipping grinding.
按照锅炉即磨煤机类型的不同，时间间隔T为5-10s。The time interval T is 5-10s according to the type of the boiler, that is, the coal mill.
因机组设计中考虑到备用，机组额定负荷时所需投入的粉层层数N值为机组最大粉层层数减1。Due to the consideration of standby in the design of the unit, the number of powder layers N required to be input at the rated load of the unit is equal to the maximum number of powder layers of the unit minus 1.
该方法适用于双台一次风机并列运行，且采用一次风进行带粉的火电机组。This method is applicable to thermal power units with two primary fans running in parallel and using the primary wind to carry powder.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明通过对机组磨煤机的运行状态以及一次风母管压力的变化进行分析判断，灵活调整粉层和磨煤机的运行数量以及跳闸的时间间隔，有效确保了一次风母管压力，进而确保了一次风的带粉能力，保证炉膛的正常燃烧；(1) The present invention analyzes and judges the operating state of the unit coal mill and the pressure change of the primary air main pipe, and flexibly adjusts the operating quantity of the powder layer and the coal pulverizer and the time interval of tripping, effectively ensuring the primary air main pipe pressure, thereby ensuring the powder-carrying capacity of the primary air and ensuring the normal combustion of the furnace;
(2)本发明能够实现一次风机RB时快速、准确、稳定的切粉跳磨，保证机组出力的平稳下降，大大降低了机组发生单侧一次风机故障时停机的风险性；(2) The present invention can realize fast, accurate and stable powder cutting and skip grinding when the primary fan is RB, ensuring the steady decline of the output of the unit, and greatly reducing the risk of shutting down when the unit fails on one side of the primary fan;
(3)本发明根据一次风母管压力的大小有效保证投入运行的粉层和磨煤机数量，减少不必要的负荷下降损失，在保证机组安全的同时减少了对电网的冲击，确保了电网频率的稳定性，进而确保广大用户的电气设备及电力设备的安全、有效运行。(3) According to the pressure of the primary air main pipe, the present invention effectively guarantees the number of powder beds and coal mills put into operation, reduces unnecessary load drop losses, reduces the impact on the power grid while ensuring the safety of the unit, and ensures the power grid Frequency stability, thereby ensuring the safe and effective operation of the electrical equipment and power equipment of the majority of users.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为一次风机RB切粉跳磨优化控制流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of optimization control of primary blower RB powder cutting and grinding skipping;
图2为一次风机RB优化前曲线图；Figure 2 is the curve before the optimization of primary fan RB;
图3为一次风机RB优化后曲线图。Figure 3 is a graph of the optimized primary fan RB.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
具体以某300MW级机组为例，配备3台双进双出磨，每台磨有两个出粉管，对应锅炉的两层粉层，即A磨对应A1、A2，B磨对应B1、B2，C磨对应C1、C2，共计6层粉。正常运行时一般5层粉可带至300MW，留有半台磨、一层粉备用。最低稳燃所需投入的粉层层数为2层，保证最低稳燃的一次风母管压力为6.5KPa；切粉、跳磨的时间间隔设定为5s。该机组规定在70％额定负荷即210MW以上且发生单侧一次风机故障跳闸，触发一次风机RB。Taking a 300MW class unit as an example, it is equipped with 3 double-inlet and double-outlet mills, each mill has two powder outlet pipes, corresponding to the two layers of powder layers of the boiler, that is, A mill corresponds to A1 and A2, and B mill corresponds to B1 and B2 , Mill C corresponds to C1 and C2, a total of 6 layers of powder. Generally, 5 layers of powder can be brought to 300MW during normal operation, leaving half a mill and one layer of powder for backup. The number of powder layers required for the minimum stable combustion is 2 layers, and the pressure of the primary air main pipe to ensure the minimum stable combustion is 6.5KPa; the time interval for cutting powder and skipping grinding is set to 5s. The unit is specified to be above 70% of the rated load, ie above 210MW, and a unilateral primary fan trip occurs, triggering the primary fan RB.
一次风机RB试验时，机组功率270MW，一次风母管压力设定值和测量值为10KPa，A、B磨全磨运行，C磨半磨运行，对应投入运行的粉层层数为5层，自上而下依次为C1、B2、B1、A2、A1。手动模拟故障跳闸B一次风机，A一次风机保持正常运行。During the RB test of the primary fan, the power of the unit is 270MW, the set value and measured value of the pressure of the primary air main pipe are 10KPa, the A and B mills are fully milled, and the C mill is half-milled. The corresponding number of powder layers put into operation is 5 layers. From top to bottom are C1, B2, B1, A2, A1. The B primary fan is manually simulated for fault tripping, and the A primary fan remains in normal operation.
RB发生前为5层粉运行，因5＝5，故无时间间隔、自上而下直接切掉C1、B2两层运行粉层，保留B1、A2、A1共3层粉运行；上述运行操作完毕5s后，一次风母管压力测量值降低至7.1KPa，因一次风母管压力测量值7.1＞6.5，故不再继续切粉跳磨。3分钟后机组各项主要指标基本稳定，手动停止RB，此时机组功率为227MW。Before the occurrence of RB, there are 5 layers of powder running, because 5=5, so there is no time interval, and the two layers of C1 and B2 are directly cut off from top to bottom, and a total of 3 layers of powder B1, A2, and A1 are kept; the above operation After 5 seconds, the pressure measurement value of the primary air main pipe decreased to 7.1KPa, because the pressure measurement value of the primary air main pipe was 7.1>6.5, so the powder cutting and jumping mill was no longer continued. After 3 minutes, the main indicators of the unit are basically stable, and the RB is manually stopped. At this time, the power of the unit is 227MW.
方案优化前，同种工况下发生RB，按照5s间隔依次切磨，发生过一次风压母管压力降为6.4KPa，低于保证最低稳燃的一次风母管压力为6.5KPa，且切除3层粉，保留2层粉运行，机组功率降低至192MW。Before the optimization of the scheme, RB occurred under the same working condition, and it was cut and ground in sequence according to the interval of 5s. The pressure of the primary air pressure main pipe once occurred was 6.4KPa, which was lower than the minimum stable combustion. The pressure of the primary air main pipe is 6.5KPa, and the cutting 3 layers of powder, keep 2 layers of powder for operation, and the power of the unit is reduced to 192MW.
从图2和图3中可以很明显的看出，优化后一次风母管压力的下降幅度明显减少。因此，本方案不仅可以有效确保一次风母管压力，确保一次风的带粉能力，保证炉膛的正常燃烧；同时可以减少不必要的粉层的切除层数，降低负荷下降的幅度，减少了对电网造成的负荷冲击。其中，1—一次风母管压力设定；2—一次风母管压力测量值；3—A一次风机开度值；4—B一次风机开度值。It can be clearly seen from Figure 2 and Figure 3 that the pressure drop of the primary air duct after optimization is significantly reduced. Therefore, this scheme can not only effectively ensure the pressure of the primary air main pipe, ensure the powder-carrying capacity of the primary air, and ensure the normal combustion of the furnace; The load shock caused by the grid. Among them, 1—primary air main pipe pressure setting; 2—primary air main pipe pressure measurement value; 3—A primary fan opening value; 4—B primary fan opening value.
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。Although the specific implementation of the present invention has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay creative work Various modifications or variations that can be made are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201410380451.2ACN104197367B (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2014-08-04 | Primary air fan RB optimal control method based on mother tube pressure |
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