技术领域technical field
本发明属于智能配电网技术领域，尤其是一种分布式电源接入配电网的控制系统及其方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent distribution network, in particular to a control system and a method for connecting a distributed power source to a distribution network.
背景技术Background technique
高渗透率的分布式电源接入配电网，必然会给配电网的运行、调度和管理带来很多负面影响。为了使配电网能适应分布式电源的并网接入，迫切需要对分布式电源运行控制及接入控制关键技术进行深入研究，从而降低分布式电源并网接入带来的不利影响，同时发挥其积极的辅助作用，以适应分布式电源，尤其是分布式光伏发电产业大规模发展的需要。The access of distributed power generation with high penetration rate to the distribution network will inevitably bring many negative effects to the operation, scheduling and management of the distribution network. In order to make the distribution network adapt to the grid-connection of distributed power generation, it is urgent to conduct in-depth research on the key technologies of distributed power operation control and access control, so as to reduce the adverse effects of distributed power generation grid-connection, and at the same time Play its active auxiliary role to meet the needs of distributed power, especially the large-scale development of distributed photovoltaic power generation industry.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种设计合理、降低分布式电源并网接入影响的分布式电源接入配电网的控制系统及其方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a control system and method for connecting distributed power sources to distribution networks that are reasonably designed and reduce the influence of distributed power sources connected to the grid.
本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes by taking the following technical solutions:
一种分布式电源接入配电网的控制系统，包括就地控制层、协调控制层和调度管理层三层控制结构，所述就地控制层包括光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器及相关测控终端，所述协调控制层包括运行控制器，所述调度管理层包括分布式电源接入控制器；所述测控终端与运行控制器相连接，所述光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器通过通信子网与运行控制器相连接，所述协调控制层通过通信网与调度管理层相连接负责向调度管理层上送新能源信息，所述调度管理层接受协调控制层上送的新能源监控信息并负责运行监视与调度控制。A control system for connecting distributed power sources to a distribution network, including a three-layer control structure of an on-site control layer, a coordination control layer, and a dispatching management layer. The on-site control layer includes photovoltaic inverters, energy storage bidirectional controllers and For related measurement and control terminals, the coordination control layer includes an operation controller, and the dispatch management layer includes a distributed power supply access controller; the measurement and control terminal is connected to the operation controller, and the photovoltaic inverter and energy storage bidirectional control The controller is connected with the operation controller through the communication subnet, and the coordination control layer is connected with the dispatching management layer through the communication network, and is responsible for sending new energy information to the dispatching management layer, and the dispatching management layer accepts the new energy information sent by the coordination control layer. Energy monitoring information and is responsible for operation monitoring and scheduling control.
一种分布式电源接入配电网的控制方法，包括以下步骤：A control method for connecting distributed power sources to a distribution network, comprising the following steps:
(1)在正常状态下，调度管理层以当前分布式发电、微电网及主网的工况为基础，根据分布式电源定功率、不限功率、考虑配网负荷削峰填谷，形成控制策略下发给协调控制层；协调控制层根据就地控制层上送的测量值和状态量将控制策略分解为对设备的控制信号，下发给就地控制层，就地控制层设备执行机构最终完成控制过程；(1) Under normal conditions, the dispatching management is based on the current working conditions of distributed power generation, microgrid and main grid, according to fixed power of distributed power generation, unlimited power, and consideration of distribution network load load shaving and valley filling, to form a control The strategy is sent to the coordination control layer; the coordination control layer decomposes the control strategy into control signals for the equipment according to the measurement value and state quantity sent by the local control layer, and sends them to the local control layer, and the device execution mechanism of the local control layer Finalize the control process;
(2)在紧急状态下，当就地控制层测量到故障如孤岛的动态后来不及采取全局控制行动，就地控制层设备根据控制保护逻辑立即行动，并将信息上送至协调控制层和协调控制层，再针对预想事故的适应性控制方案，执行紧急控制措施；(2) In an emergency state, when the local control layer measures the dynamics of faults such as isolated islands, it is too late to take global control actions, the local control layer equipment will act immediately according to the control and protection logic, and send the information to the coordination control layer and coordination The control layer implements emergency control measures according to the adaptive control scheme of the expected accident;
(3)在通信故障情况下，采用自适应控制方式进行接入控制。(3) In the case of a communication failure, an adaptive control method is used for access control.
而且，所述自适应控制方式进行接入控制方法为：当调度管理层与协调控制层发生通信故障时，调度管理层将控制决策功能下放到协调控制层，形成两层控制模式；当协调控制层与部分就地控制层通讯故障时，就地控制层设备根据测量值和状态量执行设定的控制策略。Moreover, the access control method of the adaptive control mode is as follows: when a communication failure occurs between the dispatching management layer and the coordination control layer, the dispatching management layer delegates the control decision-making function to the coordination control layer to form a two-layer control mode; when the coordination control layer When the communication between the local control layer and some local control layers fails, the local control layer equipment executes the set control strategy according to the measured value and state quantity.
本发明的优点和积极效果是：Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:
1、本发明采用三层模式架构进行控制，其控制方式灵活，分布式电源和微网控制主要在就地完成，时效性可以得到有效保证。1. The present invention adopts a three-layer mode architecture for control, and its control mode is flexible. Distributed power supply and micro-grid control are mainly completed on the spot, and timeliness can be effectively guaranteed.
2、本发明采用统一平台以及开放性设计方法，平台与应用分开，因此可以方便使用第三方高级应用软件和二次开发，因此，易于实现与扩展。2. The present invention adopts a unified platform and an open design method, and the platform is separated from the application, so it can facilitate the use of third-party advanced application software and secondary development, so it is easy to implement and expand.
3、本发明具有丰富标准接口并可以灵活配置，克服了目前分布式发电接口不统一、控制系统需支持多种协议的问题，适用于不同配电网的建设应用。3. The present invention has rich standard interfaces and can be flexibly configured, which overcomes the problems that the current distributed generation interfaces are not unified and the control system needs to support multiple protocols, and is suitable for the construction and application of different distribution networks.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的处理流程图。Fig. 1 is a process flowchart of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本发明实施例做进一步详述：Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
一种分布式电源接入配电网的控制系统，如图1所示，包括就地控制层、协调控制层和调度管理层三层控制结构，其中，就地控制层包括光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器及相关测控终端，协调控制层包括运行控制器，调度管理层包括分布式电源接入控制器。就地控制层负责各个新能源单元和负荷电气设备的控制以及与协调控制层的接口，就地控制层的测控终端与协调控制层的运行控制器相连接，是控制策略(命令)的执行机构，就地控制层的光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器通过通信子网与协调控制层的运行控制器相连接，光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器等新能源之间的协调控制功能，比如调压、调频、运行模式切换策略由协调控制层控制层制定，并由运行控制器向光伏逆变器、储能双向控制器发送相应的控制命令实施控制。协调控制层通过通信网与调度管理层相连接，负责向调度管理层上送新能源信息；调度管理层主要接受协调控制层设备上送的新能源监控信息，负责各个新能源的总体运行监视与调度管理。A control system for distributed power generation access to the distribution network, as shown in Figure 1, includes a three-layer control structure of local control layer, coordination control layer and dispatch management layer, where the local control layer includes photovoltaic inverters, The energy storage two-way controller and related measurement and control terminals, the coordination control layer includes the operation controller, and the dispatch management layer includes the distributed power access controller. The local control layer is responsible for the control of each new energy unit and load electrical equipment and the interface with the coordination control layer. The measurement and control terminal of the local control layer is connected with the operation controller of the coordination control layer, and is the executive body of the control strategy (command). , the photovoltaic inverter and energy storage bidirectional controller of the local control layer are connected with the operation controller of the coordination control layer through the communication subnetwork, and the coordination control function among new energy sources such as photovoltaic inverter and energy storage bidirectional controller , such as voltage regulation, frequency regulation, and operation mode switching strategies are formulated by the coordination control layer control layer, and the operation controller sends corresponding control commands to the photovoltaic inverter and energy storage bidirectional controller to implement control. The coordination control layer is connected with the dispatching management layer through the communication network, and is responsible for sending new energy information to the dispatching management layer; the dispatching management layer mainly accepts the new energy monitoring information sent by the coordination control layer equipment, and is responsible for the overall operation monitoring and Scheduling management.
本系统是根据国内外分布式发电/储能的技术现状和发展过程,针对国内智能电网建设的实际需求进行设计。该系统设计控制模式比较灵活，既能适应分布式发电设备快速反应，又能保证配网调度慢速全局响应。整个系统对通信性能要求不高，当协调控制层与协调控制层之间通信出现故障，协调控制层能局部自治运行，而就地控制层控制一方面执行协调控制层控制信号，一方面是就地自适应完成紧急快速控制。This system is designed according to the actual needs of domestic smart grid construction according to the technical status and development process of distributed power generation/energy storage at home and abroad. The design control mode of the system is relatively flexible, which can not only adapt to the rapid response of distributed power generation equipment, but also ensure the slow global response of distribution network dispatching. The entire system does not require high communication performance. When the communication between the coordination control layer and the coordination control layer fails, the coordination control layer can operate locally autonomously. Self-adaptive to complete emergency rapid control.
一种分布式电源接入配电网的控制方法，是针对电网动态过程快速性和全局控制方案慢速性的事实，一方面采用三层控制方法进行控制且各层控制相对独立，各层控制分别根据不同的响应要求采取不同的速度；另一方面采用面向对象的状态控制方法：为实现该种控制方法程序基于消息机制的设计方法，各控制层根据当前状态量以设定的状态控制算法执行状态控制，当上/下层有变化时采用消息机制送达，该控制层根据消息优先级分别处理，避免因等待造成任务处理延误。本控制方法的具体实现方法包括以下步骤：A control method for distributed power generation access to the distribution network is aimed at the fact that the dynamic process of the power grid is fast and the global control scheme is slow. On the one hand, a three-layer control method is used for control, and the control of each layer is relatively independent. Different speeds are adopted according to different response requirements; on the other hand, an object-oriented state control method is adopted: in order to realize the design method of this control method program based on the message mechanism, each control layer uses the set state control algorithm according to the current state quantity Execute state control. When there is a change in the upper/lower layer, the message mechanism is used to deliver it. The control layer handles the messages according to the priority to avoid delays in task processing due to waiting. The concrete realization method of this control method comprises the following steps:
步骤1：在正常状态下，调度管理层以当前分布式发电、微电网及主网的工况为基础，根据分布式电源定功率、不限功率、考虑配网负荷削峰填谷，形成控制策略下发给协调控制层；协调控制层根据就地控制层上送的测量值和状态量将控制策略分解为对设备的控制信号，下发给就地控制层，就地控制层设备执行机构最终完成控制过程。Step 1: Under normal conditions, based on the current working conditions of distributed power generation, microgrid and main grid, the dispatching management team forms a control according to fixed power of distributed power generation, unlimited power, and consideration of distribution network load shaving and valley filling. The strategy is sent to the coordination control layer; the coordination control layer decomposes the control strategy into control signals for the equipment according to the measurement value and state quantity sent by the local control layer, and sends them to the local control layer, and the device execution mechanism of the local control layer Finally complete the control process.
步骤2：在紧急状态下，当就地控制层测量到故障如孤岛的动态后来不及采取全局控制行动，就地控制层设备根据控制保护逻辑立即行动，并将信息上送至协调控制层和协调控制层，再针对预想事故的适应性控制方案，执行紧急控制措施。Step 2: In an emergency state, when the local control layer measures the dynamics of faults such as isolated islands and it is too late to take global control actions, the local control layer equipment will act immediately according to the control and protection logic, and send the information to the coordination control layer and coordination The control layer implements emergency control measures according to the adaptive control scheme of the expected accident.
步骤3：在通信故障情况下采用自适应控制方式进行接入控制。Step 3: In the case of a communication failure, an adaptive control method is used for access control.
前面提到该控制系统设计不过分依靠通信系统，如调度管理层与协调控制层之间通讯故障，调度管理层将控制决策功能下放到协调控制层，形成两层控制模式；而当协调控制层与部分就地控制层DG通讯故障，就地控制层DG仍可以根据测量值和状态量执行设定控制策略。As mentioned earlier, the design of the control system does not rely too much on the communication system. For example, if there is a communication failure between the dispatch management layer and the coordination control layer, the dispatch management layer will delegate the control decision-making function to the coordination control layer, forming a two-layer control model; and when the coordination control layer Communication failure with part of the local control layer DG, the local control layer DG can still execute the set control strategy according to the measured value and state quantity.
通过以上控制方法即可实现分布式电源接入配电网的控制功能。Through the above control method, the control function of the distributed power supply accessing the distribution network can be realized.
需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明包括并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其他实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, so the present invention includes and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation, and those skilled in the art according to the technology of the present invention Other implementations derived from the scheme also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information | Address after:300010 Tianjin city Hebei District Wujing Road No. 39 Applicant after:State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after:State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company Address before:100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Applicant before:State Grid Corporation of China Applicant before:State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company | |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20141105 |