A kind of Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary BypassTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass.
Background technology
Urine is the important indicator of monitoring renal function, in art, by the capacity of renal secretion urine and the quality of urine, analyzes, the at-once monitor that carries out that can be to environment in patient's body fluid, and also indwelling catheter is routine operation, without wound.Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery indwelling catheter, observes and has analyzed unit interval urine amount, color, proportion, judgement patient renal function, cardiac function, blood volume etc., the therapeutic effect of observation cardiac tonic, diuretic, dehydrant.By observation urine amount, urine color, can find in time and prevent hyperkalemia and hypokalemia, understand cardiac function and ECBV situation, control speed and the amount of fluid infusion.
During cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, because renal perfusion pressure is relatively low, renal blood flow reduces, and the small embolus of hemoglobin is deposited on the many reasons such as glomerule, renal tubules in addition, and circulatory failure, renal insufficiency easily occur.After CPB and non-CPB operation, ARF incidence rate is respectively 2.9% and 1.4%, and meanwhile, CPB>140 min is the independent hazard factor that ARF occurs.Hemoglobinuria is complication more common in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, there is hemoglobinuria during at 100mg/dl in the hemoglobin concentration filtering when kidney, when reaching 300 mg/dl, occur that renal function damages, while there is hemoglobinuria, find in time, diuresis, alkalized urine, can reduce the damage to kidney.
Urine amount and character are the important monitoring indexes in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery; compare with other operation; in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, the monitoring of urine is had to its specific (special) requirements. as need accurately collect and record before turn of tidal stream, urine amount and character in turn of tidal stream, after turn of tidal stream; after using diuretic and vasoactive agent; and shut down afterwards when infusing, transfusing blood; need to observe urine number of drops per minute, with this, judge curative effect of medication, adjust drug dose and transfusion and blood transfusion speed.Urine amount is not only the important indicator that instructs perfusion doctor and anesthesia doctor work, and is the safety of operation, improves cure rate, reduces the guarantee of complication, and it is very necessary therefore patient during extracorporeal circulation being entered urine amount and dripped fast monitoring.
Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery patient, because a large amount of non-colloid priming fluid of machine is entered in human body, rolls up external patient's urine, and daily urine storage bag capacity is large not, has increased the urine drainage appliance number of times that communicates with the external world; Meanwhile, circuit nurse needs to change in time urinal, but often because the covering of flap under aseptic towel and the medical personnel of operation table both sides affect, changes and observation to urine amount, urine color; Prior art is the situation of urinating of monitor patients exactly, as urine amount number and have or not, urine is discharged and urine storage bottle in the quantity of urine.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: the Urine monitoring device in a kind of can be accurately static noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass of observing urine amount, urine color is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
For a Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass, comprise a urine dropper and the urinary catheter of connecting with its lower end; On described urinary catheter, be disposed with and measure urine and drip dripping fast sensor and measuring the red light sensor of content of hemoglobin in urine of speed, described fast sensor and red light sensor are connected respectively to microprocessor, and microprocessor is connected to surveillance equipment.
Preferably, described fast sensor adopts infrared emission receptor, and infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver are arranged on respectively urinary catheter both sides.
Preferably, described red light sensor adopts red light/frequency sensor, in urinary catheter both sides, white light source and red light/frequency sensor is installed respectively.
Further preferred, described red light/frequency sensor comprises red photodiode D1 and ground capacity C, the described capacitor C other end connects the on-off circuit being connected to form successively by transistor Q1, Q2, on-off circuit outfan connects the negative electrode of red photodiode D1, and ground capacity C connects the anode of red photodiode D1.
Concrete, described urinary catheter lower end is also connected to urinal.
Preferably, described urine dropper adopts Murphy type burette.
Preferably, described watch-dog is touching display screen.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. the Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass provided by the invention, can every 30 minutes automatic-discharging urine amounts once, accurately the static urine amount of observing, according to a hour urine amount, urine color, understands patient's circulatory function, renal function, amount of infusion and acid-base value in conjunction with vital sign;
2. the present invention can urinate discharge observation dynamically, because it has the luxuriant Fei Shi water dropper that unique body fluid goes out end, as observed fluid infusion, to drip speed the same, by dripping fast can calculating, infers that urine per minute measures, more can diagnose early the state of an illness, while striving for for treatment rescue, ask.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the example structure schematic diagram of the Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the electric theory diagram of urine monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Bypass of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment circuit diagram of the red light/frequency sensor of digital output of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the disclosed Urine monitoring device for noinvasive Cardiopulmonary Bypass, comprises a urine dropper 1 and the urinary catheter 2 of connecting with its lower end, and described urinary catheter lower end is also connected to urinal 3, and described urine dropper adopts Murphy type burette.On described urinary catheter, be disposed with and measure the red light sensor that drips content of hemoglobin in fast sensor and measurement urine that urine is dripped speed, described fast sensor adopts infrared emission receptor, and infrared transmitter 41 and infrared remote receiver 42 are arranged on respectively urinary catheter both sides.Described red light sensor adopts red light/frequency sensor 51, and white light source 51 and red light/frequency sensor 52 are installed respectively in urinary catheter both sides.
As shown in Figure 2, described fast sensor and red light sensor are connected respectively to microprocessor, microprocessor is connected to touching display screen, the pulse signal that drips fast sensor output is sent to microprocessor, by microprocessor, be converted into urine and measure, complete Urine monitoring and measure, the pulse signal of red light sensor output is sent to microprocessor, by microprocessor judges and calculating, as occurred, hemoglobinuria sends alert notice.
The specific works principle that the urine amount of the present embodiment is monitored measurement and hematuria monitoring is automatically:
The principle that urine amount is monitored measurement is automatically on catheter, to increase by one urine to be transferred to the funnel type device that urine drips, the a pair of infrared emission receiving tube of position of sound production dripping at urine, the infrared light of transmitting can directly be got on receiving tube at ordinary times, receiving tube saturation conduction, when urine drips through out-of-date, infrared light is blocked, and receiving tube does not have optical signal thereby exits saturation conduction, and enters cut-off state.And urine dripped after the past, infrared light is directly got on receiving tube again, receiving tube is saturation conduction again, all produces once and enters by saturation conduction the state that cut-off state returns saturation conduction like this whenever a urine drips through receiving tube, and the outfan of receiving tube just forms a pulse process like this.This pulse is sent to single-chip microcomputer counting.Finally by computer, be converted into urine and measure, completed Urine monitoring measurement.
Hematuria monitoring principle is that red composition in urine is extracted.The color of our common seen object, is actually body surface and has absorbed a part of colored component in the white light (daylight) being irradiated to above it, and the reaction of another part colored light reflecting in human eye.White is that the visible ray by various frequencies mixes and forms, and that is to say and in white light, is comprising versicolor coloured light (as red R, yellow Y, green G, blue or green V, blue B, purple P).Known according to the three primary colors theory of roentgen Helmholtz (Helinholtz), shades of colour is to be mixed by the three primary colors of different proportion (red, green, blue).From three primary colors principle of induction, if know the versicolor trichromatic value of formation, just can know the color of institute's test object.
Color detection of the present invention is the red light/frequency sensor of digital output, and this sensor is integrated in red photodiode on single-chip, without ADC, just can realize 10 above resolution of every chrominance channel.Sheet includes cross-coupled 8 * 8 photodiode arrays, and photodiode is all connected in parallel.Red light/frequency converter is directly exported the red composition digital quantity of projection transducer glazing.Overcome the various cumulative errors of analogy method, increased degree of accuracy and simplified optical circuit.
Red light/frequency sensor circuit theory of digital output as shown in Figure 3, when circuit powers on, because the voltage of characteristic powered on moment electric capacity two ends of electric capacity is zero.So two transistor Q1, Q2 cut-off, outfan OUT is high level, this high level charges to capacitor C by the anti-phase resistance of red photodiode, when ground capacity C is charged to the triggering level of transistor Q1, transistor Q1 conducting, simultaneously also conducting of transistor Q2.The conducting of transistor Q2 causes outfan OUT level to decline, and outfan OUT transfers low level to.Now ground capacity C discharges by photodiode.When drop to lower than transistor Q1 triggering level time, transistor Q1 transfers cut-off to by conducting, transistor Q2 is cut-off simultaneously also, it is high level that outfan turns OUT, completes vibration.The anti-phase resistance of photodiode changes because of the variation of light, thereby causes that frequency of oscillation changes.Red light/frequency sensor circuit working principle that Here it is.