相关申请的交叉引用Cross References to Related Applications
本申请涉及、基于并且实际上是2011年12月9日提交的、申请序列号为61/630,337的美国临时专利转换的实用/非临时专利申请，在此要求其申请日的权益。This application is related to, based on, and is actually a utility/non-provisional patent application converted from US Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/630,337, filed December 9, 2011, and the benefit of its filing date is hereby claimed.
技术领域technical field
本申请通常涉及连同热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器使用的加热设备，并且尤其是涉及新式且改进的泡沫热交换器，其用于加热从外部进入的空气，该空气将被引导至热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器输出装置，以便有效地将热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料从涂敷输出装置的分配喷口排出并且带到位于下面的基板或产品上，同时，使热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料保持足够的热、有粘性以及液态或流动，从而使热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料能够在实际上适当地由涂敷输出装置的喷口分配在位于下面的基板或产品上。This application relates generally to heating apparatus for use with hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicators, and in particular to a new and improved foam heat exchanger for heating air entering from the outside which will Directed to a hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicator output to efficiently discharge the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material from the dispense spout of the applicator output and onto the underlying substrate or on a product while maintaining the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material sufficiently hot, viscous and liquid or fluid to enable the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material to be actually properly applied by The nozzles of the output device are assigned to the underlying substrate or product.
背景技术Background technique
关于热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器装置，其中，在热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配应用操作及循环使用期间，当基板或产品沿着产品生产线通过涂敷器的分配阀下方时，热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料将被喷射或另外被分配并且沉积在位于下方的基板或产品上，被压缩的空气开始进入到进气歧管中。该气体然后需要被加热并且沿着流体连通至涂敷器输出装置的通道被引导，以便实际上不仅仅是将热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料从分配喷口排出且将其输送至位于下面的基板或产品之上，而且另外加热将被分配的热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料，达到预设的温度水平，该温度可有效地使热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料足够热、有粘性以及液态或流动，从而实际上能够喷射或分配在位于下面的基板或产品上。按着惯例，用于前述加热热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料所使用的装置已包括了适合的热交换器。然而，传统的热交换器具有结构限制。例如，一些传统的热交换器具有挡板和/或纳入热交换器结构的机械加工表面，以便有效地增加热交换器与需要被加热的空气相接触的总表面，需要被加热的空气从而在此处被加热。而不幸的是，这样的热交换器的表面通过结构修改只能增加到某一程度。另外，由于挡板和/或机械加工表面的数量已经增加，热交换器的复杂性及制造成本从商业角度考虑已经成为重要的因素。Concerning hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicator apparatus, wherein substrates or products pass through the applicator along a production line during hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing application operations and cycles When the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material is sprayed or otherwise dispensed and deposited on the underlying substrate or product below the dispensing valve, compressed air begins to enter the intake manifold. This gas then needs to be heated and directed along a channel that is in fluid communication to the applicator output in order to actually not just expel the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material from the dispensing spout and deliver it to the substrate or product, and additionally heats the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material to be dispensed to a preset temperature level effective to make the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material sufficiently hot , viscous, and liquid or flowable so that it can actually be sprayed or dispensed on an underlying substrate or product. Conventionally, the apparatus used for the aforementioned heating of hot melt adhesives or other thermoplastic materials already includes suitable heat exchangers. However, conventional heat exchangers have structural limitations. For example, some conventional heat exchangers have baffles and/or machined surfaces incorporated into the heat exchanger structure to effectively increase the total surface of the heat exchanger in contact with the air that needs to be heated to It is heated here. Unfortunately, the surface of such heat exchangers can only be increased to a certain extent by structural modification. Additionally, as the number of baffles and/or machined surfaces has increased, heat exchanger complexity and manufacturing costs have become commercially significant factors.
因此本领域需要新式、改进的热交换器，其连同热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器使用，其中热交换器的有效表面显著增加，以便相对于待加热的空气增加热交换器的加热效率，从而能够在没有相对负面影响热交换器的复杂性以及制造成本的情况下加热较大体积的空气。There is therefore a need in the art for new, improved heat exchangers for use with hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic dispensing applicators in which the effective surface of the heat exchanger is significantly increased for increased heat exchange relative to the air to be heated The heating efficiency of the heat exchanger enables heating of larger volumes of air without relatively negatively affecting the complexity and manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger.
发明内容Contents of the invention
通过提供连同热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器使用的新式改进的泡沫热交换器，根据本发明的教导和原理可得到前述的和其他的内容。特别是，泡沫热交换器包括开孔网状泡沫结构的泡沫。另外，网状泡沫结构的每个孔可以包括例如十四面体的几何结构。泡沫结构可以由适当的金属(诸如铝、碳化硅或铜)制造而成，或者可选择地，该泡沫结构又可制造成碳泡沫结构或陶瓷泡沫结构。能够被理解的是，由于泡沫的开孔网状结构，泡沫热交换器与空气接触的表面面积会显著增加。另外，泡沫的开孔网状结构也将使气流受到阻力且不稳定(experience resistance and turbulence)，从而通过将增强的热能从热交换器转移至已处理过的气流的方法相应增强热交换器的加热效率，借此，与相同尺寸的传统热交换器相比较，可加热显著较大体积的空气。The foregoing and others are made possible in accordance with the teachings and principles of the present invention by providing a new and improved foam heat exchanger for use with hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicators. In particular, the foam heat exchanger comprises a foam of an open cell reticulated foam structure. Additionally, each cell of the reticulated foam structure may comprise a geometry such as a tetradecahedron. The foam structure may be fabricated from a suitable metal such as aluminum, silicon carbide or copper, or alternatively the foam structure may in turn be fabricated as a carbon or ceramic foam structure. It can be appreciated that due to the open cell network structure of the foam, the surface area of the foam heat exchanger in contact with the air will be significantly increased. In addition, the open-celled network structure of the foam will also experience resistance and turbulence to the airflow, thereby enhancing the performance of the heat exchanger correspondingly by transferring the enhanced thermal energy from the heat exchanger to the treated airflow. Heating efficiency whereby significantly larger volumes of air can be heated compared to conventional heat exchangers of the same size.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的各种特征及其优点将在参照附图阅读以下的详细说明时得到更好的理解，其中同样的附图标记在附图中始终表示相同的部件，其中：The various features of this invention and their advantages will be better understood upon reading the following detailed description when read with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout, wherein:
图1是热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器的侧立面视图，在该分配器内纳入本发明新式改进的泡沫热交换器；Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicator incorporating within the dispenser the new and improved foam heat exchanger of the present invention;
图2是根据本发明原理及教导而构成的并且设置在热交换器主体内的新式改进的泡沫热交换器组件的纵向截面图；Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a new and improved foam heat exchanger assembly constructed in accordance with the principles and teachings of the present invention and disposed within a heat exchanger body;
图3是图2中示出的新式改进的泡沫热交换器组件的放大纵向截面图，其示出了热交换器线圈，电气连接至热交换器线圈，以及在热交换器护套内设置热交换器线圈的具体情况，该热交换器护套与泡沫热交换器相接触，已加热的空气被引导通过泡沫热交换器；Figure 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the new and improved foam heat exchanger assembly shown in Figure 2, showing the heat exchanger coils, the electrical connections to the heat exchanger coils, and the thermal arrangement within the heat exchanger jacket. The specifics of the exchanger coils, the heat exchanger jacket being in contact with the foam heat exchanger through which the heated air is led;
图4是包括泡沫热交换器的网状十四面体泡沫的一部分的视图，通过电子显微镜的观测，其示出了泡沫在自然结构下的开孔和气孔之间的内部结构和关系；以及Figure 4 is a view of a portion of a reticulated tetradecahedral foam including a foam heat exchanger, as observed by an electron microscope, showing the internal structure and relationship between the open cells and pores of the foam in its natural structure; and
图5是与图3相似的纵向截面图，与图3不同的是，图5示出了电源直接连接至泡沫热交换器的本发明第二实施例。Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 3, but different from Fig. 3, Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention where the power supply is directly connected to the foam heat exchanger.
具体实施方式detailed description
现参照附图，特别是参照图1，其示出了热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器组件，并且其主要以附图标记100表示。Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to FIG. 1 , there is shown a hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicator assembly and generally indicated at 100 .
更具体而言，所示的热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料分配涂敷器组件100包括固定至热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料输出装置104的加压喷射涂敷器102，热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料输出装置104包括分配喷口106，如图2中108所示，从分配喷口106实际分配出热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料。More specifically, the illustrated hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicator assembly 100 includes a pressurized spray applicator 102 secured to a hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material output device 104, thermally The melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material output device 104 includes a dispensing spout 106, shown at 108 in FIG. 2, from which the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material is actually dispensed.
众所周知，热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性塑料输出装置104包括做垂直往复运动的分配控制阀(未示出)，并且电磁控制阀组件110与做垂直往复运动的分配控制阀(未示出)可操作地关联，以控制分配控制阀(未示出)在其开、关位置间的设置。同样众所周知，电磁控制阀组件110提供有控制空气输入装置112，以及一对控制空气输出装置114,116，其控制空气控制分配控制阀(未示出)中的垂直配置(the control air con-trolling thevertical disposition of the dispensing control valve)。电连接器118固定至电磁控制阀组件110的顶部以便向电磁控制阀组件110提供电源。另外，另一个电连接器120也同样固定至加压喷射涂敷器102以便向加热器(未示出)提供电源，加热器设置在加压喷射涂敷器102内，从而使在加压喷射涂敷器102内的温度区域(通过该区域传递热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料)保持在预定的温度水平。As is well known, the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic output device 104 includes a vertically reciprocating dispensing control valve (not shown), and the solenoid control valve assembly 110 is connected to the vertically reciprocating dispensing control valve (not shown). Operably associated to control the setting of a dispense control valve (not shown) between its open and closed positions. Also well known, a solenoid control valve assembly 110 is provided with a control air input 112, and a pair of control air outputs 114, 116, which control the control air controlling the vertical disposition in a control air control valve (not shown). of the dispensing control valve). An electrical connector 118 is secured to the top of the solenoid control valve assembly 110 to provide power to the solenoid control valve assembly 110 . In addition, another electrical connector 120 is also secured to the pressurized spray applicator 102 to provide power to a heater (not shown) disposed within the pressurized spray applicator 102 so that the pressurized spray The temperature zone within the applicator 102 through which the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material is delivered is maintained at a predetermined temperature level.
继续参照图1，并且参照图2，现将本发明的新式改进的泡沫热交换器组件进行描述。更具体而言，可见新式改进的泡沫热交换器组件包括热交换器主体122，其设置在加压喷射涂敷器102的下方且邻接加压喷射涂敷器102的底部，另外，热交换器主体122的下游端部被设置为邻接热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料输出装置104。热交换器主体122的上游端部具有安装在其上表面之上的进气歧管124，其中进气装置126可操作地且流体连通至进气歧管124。进气装置126适用于接收供给的加压的空气，如IN处所述，在图2中，该空气是通过本发明的新式改进的热交换器组件而被加热的。另外，电气连接件或接头128固定连接至热交换器主体122上游端部的上游端面，并且电连接器130电气连接至电气连接件或接头128，以便将电源提供至电气连接件或接头128，以下将做详细阐述及说明。With continued reference to Figure 1, and with reference to Figure 2, the new and improved foam heat exchanger assembly of the present invention will now be described. More specifically, it can be seen that the new improved foam heat exchanger assembly includes a heat exchanger body 122 disposed below and adjacent to the bottom of the pressurized spray applicator 102 and, additionally, the heat exchanger The downstream end of the body 122 is positioned adjacent to the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic output device 104 . The upstream end of the heat exchanger body 122 has an intake manifold 124 mounted on an upper surface thereof, with an intake device 126 operatively and fluidly connected to the intake manifold 124 . Air intake 126 is adapted to receive a supply of pressurized air, which is heated by the new and improved heat exchanger assembly of the present invention in FIG. 2 as described at IN. In addition, an electrical connection or joint 128 is fixedly connected to an upstream end face of the upstream end of the heat exchanger body 122, and an electrical connector 130 is electrically connected to the electrical connection or joint 128 to provide power to the electrical connection or joint 128, The following will do a detailed elaboration and description.
现参照图2，将详细描述新式改进的泡沫热交换器组件的具体情况。更具体而言，可见热交换器主体122在其纵向上游端部的一半处提供有扩孔132，其中轴向定向的流体通道134限定在热交换器主体122的纵向下游端部的一半内。轴向定向的流体通道134通过锥形接口或过渡部分136在其上游端部处与扩孔132流体连通，并且轴向定向的流体通道134在其下游端部处与轴向定向的流体通道138的上游端部流体连通，该流体通道138限定在热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料输出装置104内。轴向定向的流体通道138的下游端部流体连通至分配喷口106，以便向其提供热空气，而不仅仅是为了将热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料从分配喷口106排出并将其输送至基板或产品之上，而且是为了，加热将被分配的热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料，达到预设的温度水平，该温度可有效地使热熔型粘合剂或其他热塑性材料足够热、有粘性以及液态或流动，从而在实际上能够喷射或另外分配在基板或产品上。Referring now to Figure 2, details of the new and improved foam heat exchanger assembly will be described. More specifically, it can be seen that the heat exchanger body 122 is provided with a counterbore 132 at the half of its longitudinal upstream end, wherein an axially oriented fluid channel 134 is defined in the half of the longitudinal downstream end of the heat exchanger body 122 . Axially oriented fluid passage 134 is in fluid communication with counterbore 132 at its upstream end through tapered interface or transition portion 136, and axially oriented fluid passage 134 is in fluid communication with axially oriented fluid passage 138 at its downstream end. The upstream end of the fluid channel 138 is defined in the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material output device 104. The downstream end of the axially oriented fluid channel 138 is in fluid communication with the dispensing spout 106 for providing hot air thereto, not just for expelling and delivering hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material from the dispensing spout 106 onto the substrate or product, and in order to heat the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material to be dispensed, to a preset temperature level effective to make the hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material Sufficiently hot, viscous, and liquid or flowable to be practical to be sprayed or otherwise dispensed onto a substrate or product.
继续参照图2，另外进气装置126适于在其上游端部处与压缩空气的供应源(未示出)牢固连接，并且进气装置126提供有轴向定向的流体通道140。进气歧管124提供有增压室142，其与轴向定向的流体通道140的下游端部流体连通。另外，进气歧管124也提供有流体通道144，其相对于轴向定向的流体通道140垂直或正交定向。流体通道144的上游端部与增压室142流体连通，其中热交换器主体122的侧壁部分提供有孔146，该孔146与流体通道144的下游端部相对齐，并且与之流体连通。因此热交换器主体122的内置扩孔132的上游端部与进气歧管124和进气装置126流体连通。环形密封组件148牢固地固定在内置扩孔132内，以便被设置为邻近热交换器主体122的开口端部，同时也紧靠近孔146设置，以便有效地关闭且密封热交换器主体122的开口端部。另外，具有延长的管状或环状构件构造的泡沫热交换器150，也设置在热交换器主体122的内置扩孔132内。泡沫热交换器150的上游端部也紧靠近孔146设置，但是设置在孔146的一侧，该侧是环形密封组件148相对于孔146设置的相反一侧，其中泡沫热交换器150的下游端部设置在内孔132的锥形接口或过渡部分136的附近。这样，可以理解的是环形流体通道151限定在环形密封组件148和泡沫热交换器150的上游端部之间。进一步可见，以开口管状构件为形式的加热器线圈护套152设置在泡沫热交换器150内，这样加热器线圈护套152的外壁部分设置为与泡沫热交换器150的内表面接触。另外，以轴向延长线圈构件为形式的加热器线圈154以同轴方式设置在加热器线圈护套152内且相对于泡沫热交换器设置。Continuing to refer to FIG. 2 , additionally the air inlet 126 is adapted to be securely connected at its upstream end with a supply of compressed air (not shown) and is provided with an axially oriented fluid passage 140 . The intake manifold 124 is provided with a boost chamber 142 in fluid communication with a downstream end of an axially oriented fluid passage 140 . Additionally, the intake manifold 124 is also provided with fluid passages 144 oriented either perpendicularly or orthogonally relative to the axially oriented fluid passages 140 . The upstream end of the fluid passage 144 is in fluid communication with the plenum 142, wherein a side wall portion of the heat exchanger body 122 is provided with an aperture 146 aligned with and in fluid communication with the downstream end of the fluid passage 144. The upstream end of the built-in counterbore 132 of the heat exchanger body 122 is thus in fluid communication with the intake manifold 124 and the intake device 126 . An annular seal assembly 148 is securely secured within the built-in counterbore 132 so as to be positioned adjacent the open end of the heat exchanger body 122 and also proximate to the bore 146 to effectively close and seal the opening of the heat exchanger body 122 Ends. In addition, a foam heat exchanger 150 having an elongated tubular or annular member configuration is also disposed in the built-in counterbore 132 of the heat exchanger body 122 . The upstream end of the foam heat exchanger 150 is also disposed immediately adjacent to the bore 146, but on the side of the bore 146 which is the opposite side to which the annular seal assembly 148 is disposed relative to the bore 146, wherein the downstream end of the foam heat exchanger 150 The end portion is disposed adjacent a tapered interface or transition portion 136 of the inner bore 132 . As such, it will be appreciated that an annular fluid passage 151 is defined between the annular seal assembly 148 and the upstream end of the foam heat exchanger 150 . It is further seen that a heater coil sheath 152 in the form of an open tubular member is disposed within the foam heat exchanger 150 such that an outer wall portion of the heater coil sheath 152 is disposed in contact with the inner surface of the foam heat exchanger 150 . Additionally, a heater coil 154 in the form of an axially elongated coil member is coaxially disposed within the heater coil sheath 152 and relative to the foam heat exchanger.
参照图3，可以理解的是，加热器线圈的自由端部分限定电引线156,158，并且该电引线156,158通过电连接器164,166电气连接至电源线或引线160,162，该电源线或引线160,162来自于电连接器130和电气连接件或接头128。应注意的是泡沫热交换器150由最初闭孔型泡沫结构制造而成，并且通过已知鼓泡工艺，闭孔泡沫结构有效地转变为开孔网状泡沫结构，其中网状孔具有十四面体的构造。泡沫交换器150可由各种适合的金属(例如铝、碳化硅或铜)之一制造而成，或者可选择地，该泡沫热交换器可由碳或适合的陶瓷材料制造而成。3, it will be appreciated that the free end portions of the heater coils define electrical leads 156, 158 and that the electrical leads 156, 158 are electrically connected through electrical connectors 164, 166 to power lines or leads 160, 162 from the electrical connection Device 130 and electrical connector or connector 128. It should be noted that the foam heat exchanger 150 is manufactured from an initially closed-cell foam structure, and by known bubbling processes, the closed-cell foam structure is effectively transformed into an open-cell reticulated foam structure in which the reticulated cells have fourteen Surface structure. The foam exchanger 150 may be fabricated from one of various suitable metals such as aluminum, silicon carbide or copper, or alternatively the foam heat exchanger may be fabricated from carbon or a suitable ceramic material.
因此，如上所述，如图4中的图片所示，泡沫热交换器150的这样的开孔网状泡沫结构特性是，泡沫热交换器的孔168和气孔170将显著提高泡沫热交换器150的表面区域特性。另外，由于泡沫热交换器150的开孔网状泡沫结构特性，被引导通过金属泡沫热交换器150的孔和气孔168,170的气流将遇到阻力并且会引起气流内的不稳定(serve to causeturbulence)。这种不稳定将相应引起发生在气流中的大量混合，从而将防止在气流中层流状态的发生，并且引起热能和高温，并通过加热器线圈154和加热器线圈护套152传递给气流，加热器线圈154和加热器线圈护套152设置为与泡沫热交换器150的内壁表面接触，以均匀地分布整个气流。例如，应注意的是，，孔168限定金属泡沫热交换器150的网状十四面体结构，而气孔170有效地限定相邻的孔168之间的空隙或开口。这种泡沫的商业示例是已知的，并且以商标的形式销售。Therefore, as mentioned above, as shown in the picture in FIG. surface area properties. Additionally, due to the open cell reticulated foam structural nature of the foam heat exchanger 150, airflow directed through the pores and pores 168, 170 of the metal foam heat exchanger 150 will encounter resistance and serve to cause turbulence . This instability will correspondingly cause a large amount of mixing to occur in the airflow, thereby preventing the occurrence of a laminar flow state in the airflow, and causing thermal energy and high temperature, and passing to the airflow through the heater coil 154 and the heater coil sheath 152, heating The heater coil 154 and the heater coil sheath 152 are arranged in contact with the inner wall surface of the foam heat exchanger 150 to evenly distribute the entire air flow. For example, it should be noted that the pores 168 define the networked tetradecahedron structure of the metal foam heat exchanger 150 , while the air pores 170 effectively define the spaces or openings between adjacent pores 168 . Commercial examples of such foams are known and are trademarked form of sales.
因此，气流通过泡沫热交换器150，从泡沫热交换器150进气端处的进气通道144,146,151至泡沫热交换器150的排气端132，会产生横穿泡沫热交换器150纵向范围的压力阶差或压力下降(pressure drop)。更具体而言，通过进气装置126和进气歧管124提供至泡沫热交换器150的压缩空气的气压可以是例如100PSI。例如，扩孔132下游或出口端的气压可以是30PSI，就是说，可以有约70PSI的压力阶差或压力下降。因此，如图3中172示范性所示的处在泡沫热交换器150上游或进气端中的高气压，将比如图3中174示范性所示的处在泡沫热交换器150下游或排气端中的低气压更压缩、密度更大。处在泡沫热交换器150上游或进气端高密度空气分子，将有效地相对于彼此压得更近，并且从而能够在彼此之间比处在泡沫热交换器150下游或排气端的低密度空气分子特性更有效地传递热量或热能，其中由于这种排气端的低压特性，空气分子将有效地处于彼此相隔更远。因此，为了最有效地且效率最高地加热进气，其被提供至泡沫热交换器150进气端处的进气通道144,146,151，并且将被引导通过由泡沫热交换器150所限定的环形空间，以便加热的空气能够到达扩孔132的下游或排气端并且因此被引导通过流体通道134,138并进入到分配喷口106中，更有效的是以这样的方式制造加热器线圈154：如图3中176示范性所示的加热器线圈154在其上游端部的密度，大于如图3中178示范性所示的加热器线圈154在其下游端部的密度。以这样的方式，由加热器线圈154上游端部176高密度构造产生的更大或更多的热能或热量，将能被更有效地将其热能加热并且被有效地传递至邻近于并进入泡沫热交换器150进气端部的高密度进气172。Thus, air flow through the foam heat exchanger 150, from the inlet passages 144, 146, 151 at the inlet end of the foam heat exchanger 150 to the outlet end 132 of the foam heat exchanger 150, generates pressure across the longitudinal extent of the foam heat exchanger 150 Step difference or pressure drop. More specifically, the air pressure of the compressed air provided to foam heat exchanger 150 via air intake 126 and intake manifold 124 may be, for example, 100 PSI. For example, the air pressure at the downstream or outlet end of the counterbore 132 may be 30 PSI, that is, there may be a pressure gradient or drop of about 70 PSI. Therefore, the high pressure in the upstream or inlet end of the foam heat exchanger 150, as exemplarily shown at 172 in FIG. The low air pressure in the gas end is more compressed and denser. A high density of air molecules upstream of the foam heat exchanger 150, or at the intake end, will effectively be pressed closer relative to each other, and thus be able to move closer to each other than a lower density air molecule downstream of the foam heat exchanger 150, or at the exhaust end. The air molecule properties transfer heat or thermal energy more efficiently, wherein due to the low pressure nature of this exhaust end, the air molecules will effectively be farther apart from each other. Therefore, in order to most effectively and efficiently heat the intake air supplied to the intake passages 144, 146, 151 at the intake end of the foam heat exchanger 150 and to be directed through the annular space defined by the foam heat exchanger 150, So that the heated air can reach the downstream or exhaust end of the counterbore 132 and is thus directed through the fluid passages 134, 138 and into the dispensing spout 106, it is more efficient to fabricate the heater coil 154 in such a way that: 176 as in FIG. The density of the heater coils 154 shown exemplarily at their upstream end is greater than the density of the heater coils 154 shown exemplarily at 178 in FIG. 3 at their downstream end. In this manner, the greater or more thermal energy or heat generated by the high density configuration of the upstream end 176 of the heater coil 154 will be able to more efficiently heat its thermal energy and be effectively transferred to adjacent and into the foam High density intake air 172 at the intake end of heat exchanger 150 .
加热器线圈154是电阻式加热器，其有效地将电能转换成热能，其中如图3中180示范性所示，由加热器线圈154产生的热能或产生的功率的总量由加热器线圈154的电阻和电压V的量决定，其中，电压V施加到电引线160,162并且传送至加热器线圈154的引线156,158。根据欧姆定律，Heater coil 154 is a resistive heater that effectively converts electrical energy into thermal energy, wherein the amount of thermal energy or power generated by heater coil 154 is controlled by heater coil 154 as exemplarily shown at 180 in FIG. Determined by the resistance of , and the amount of voltage V applied to the electrical leads 160 , 162 and delivered to the leads 156 , 158 of the heater coil 154 . According to Ohm's law,
I＝V/RI=V/R
其中电流I可由已知电压V和电阻R计算而得，并且从功率公式中可知，功率等于电流乘以所施加的电压，或where current I can be calculated from known voltage V and resistance R, and from the power formula, power equals current times applied voltage, or
P＝IVP=IV
因此，如果将欧姆定律中的V/R代替功率公式中的I，可得到功率P为V2/R。因此，如果例如所施加的电压V＝240伏特，并且加热器线圈154的电阻值为288欧姆，那么由加热器线圈154产生的功率或热能则为200瓦特。然而，因为实际施加或传递至气流的热能由于上述沿着泡沫热交换器150纵向范围的气流的压力下降或压力阶差特性将被降低，所以加热器线圈154在其上游端部的独立线圈要比在其下游端部的独立线圈需缠绕更紧或更密，该方法与沿着泡沫热交换器110纵向范围的压力下降成正比。在该方法中，加热器线圈154能够致使流经金属泡沫热交换器150的气流，最有效地且最有效率地被加热。Therefore, if V/R in Ohm's law is substituted for I in the power formula, the power P can be obtained as V2 /R. Thus, if, for example, the applied voltage V = 240 volts, and the heater coil 154 has a resistance value of 288 ohms, then the power or heat generated by the heater coil 154 is 200 watts. However, since the heat energy actually applied or transferred to the air flow will be reduced due to the above-mentioned pressure drop or pressure gradient characteristic of the air flow along the longitudinal extent of the foam heat exchanger 150, the separate coil of the heater coil 154 at its upstream end must The method is directly proportional to the pressure drop along the longitudinal extent of the foam heat exchanger 110, than would be required to be wound tighter or denser than the individual coils at its downstream end. In this way, the heater coils 154 are capable of causing the airflow flowing through the metal foam heat exchanger 150 to be heated most effectively and efficiently.
最后应注意的是当加热器线圈154在结构上纳入热交换器组件时，由于电源直接电连接至泡沫热交换器而能够在实际上去除加热器线圈154。与由相似方法产生的功率或热能相比，其最终结果是实质上相同的，根据前述欧姆定律和功率公式，所产生的功率或热能由施加到泡沫热交换器上的电压以及泡沫热交换器的电阻决定。Finally it should be noted that while the heater coil 154 is structurally incorporated into the heat exchanger assembly, the heater coil 154 can actually be eliminated due to the direct electrical connection of the power source to the foam heat exchanger. The end result is substantially the same when compared to the power or heat generated by a similar process, which is determined by the voltage applied to the foam heat exchanger and the foam heat exchanger according to the aforementioned Ohm's law and the power formula. determined by the resistance.
最后参照图5，根据本发明的原理及教导，示出了泡沫热交换器组件的第二实施例，并且以附图标记200表示。泡沫热交换器组件200的各部分，其对应于泡沫热交换器组件100第一实施例的各部分，不同的是其各部分在200系列以内。更具体而言，应被理解的是，第一实施例泡沫热交换器组件100和第二实施例泡沫热交换器组件200之间的主要不同在于：去除了加热器线圈护套152和加热器线圈154，并且供电线路或引线260,262通过适合的电连接器或连接节点282,284直接连接至泡沫热交换器250。在该特殊的实施例中，还应注意的是制造泡沫热交换器250的特殊材料的电阻性能将决定了由前述欧姆定律和功率公式计算而得的功率或电能。Referring finally to FIG. 5 , a second embodiment of a foam heat exchanger assembly is shown and designated by the reference numeral 200 in accordance with the principles and teachings of the present invention. Each part of the foam heat exchanger assembly 200 corresponds to each part of the first embodiment of the foam heat exchanger assembly 100, except that each part is within the 200 series. More specifically, it should be understood that the main difference between the first embodiment foam heat exchanger assembly 100 and the second embodiment foam heat exchanger assembly 200 is the removal of the heater coil jacket 152 and heater Coil 154, and power supply lines or leads 260, 262 are connected directly to foam heat exchanger 250 by suitable electrical connectors or connection nodes 282, 284. In this particular embodiment, it should also be noted that the electrical resistance properties of the particular material from which the foam heat exchanger 250 is made will determine the power or electrical energy calculated from Ohm's law and power equations described above.
由于电能流经泡沫热交换器，泡沫热交换器将电能转换成热量或热能，当空气从进气端(如272示范性所示)至排气端(如274示范性所示)横穿泡沫热交换器时，其能有效地依次加热流经泡沫热交换器的空气。As the electrical energy flows through the foam heat exchanger, the foam heat exchanger converts the electrical energy into heat or thermal energy as the air traverses the foam from the intake end (exemplarily shown at 272) to the exhaust end (exemplarily shown at 274) When used as a heat exchanger, it effectively heats the air passing through the foam heat exchanger in turn.
显然，本发明的各种变化及修改可能根据上述教导所得。因此应被理解是，在所附权利要求的范围内，本发明可根据此处说明书所述而实现。Obviously various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced as described herein.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161630337P | 2011-12-09 | 2011-12-09 | |
| US61/630,337 | 2011-12-09 | ||
| US13/633,831 | 2012-10-02 | ||
| US13/633,831US9338828B2 (en) | 2012-10-02 | 2012-10-02 | Foam heat exchanger for hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing apparatus |
| PCT/US2012/068357WO2013086263A1 (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2012-12-07 | Foam heat exchanger for hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic material dispensing applicators |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104093496A CN104093496A (en) | 2014-10-08 |
| CN104093496Btrue CN104093496B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280069279.8AExpired - Fee RelatedCN104093496B (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2012-12-07 | Foam heat exchangers for hot melt adhesive or other thermoplastic dispensing applicators |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2788124A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2015506067A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104093496B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013086263A1 (en) |
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| WO2013086263A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
| JP2015506067A (en) | 2015-02-26 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20170524 Termination date:20171207 |