技术领域technical field
本发明涉及移动通信技术领域，具体涉及一种地空长期演进系统中飞机器的切换方法、基站及飞行器。The invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication, in particular to a method for switching aircraft in a ground-air long-term evolution system, a base station and an aircraft.
背景技术Background technique
演进分组系统（EPS，Evolved Packet System）是3GPP开发的基于长期演进（LTE，Long Term Evolution）系统的网络架构。如图1所示，包括演进通用陆地无线接入网络（E-UTRAN，Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio AccessNetwork）和演进分组核心网（EPC，Evolved Packet Core）。The Evolved Packet System (EPS, Evolved Packet System) is a network architecture based on the Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) system developed by 3GPP. As shown in Figure 1, it includes Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN, Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio AccessNetwork) and Evolved Packet Core Network (EPC, Evolved Packet Core).
E-UTRAN是3GPP开发的基于长期演进（LTE，Long Term Evolution）系统的网络架构，包括基站（eNB，Evolved NodeB）和UE等网络实体，用于空中接口上基站和UE之间的用户面和控制面协议处理和数据传送。其中，MME/S-GW网关与eNB之间的接口称为S1接口，eNB与eNB之间的接口称为X2接口。UE和eNB之间的接口称为LTE-Uu接口。E-UTRAN is a network architecture based on the Long Term Evolution (LTE, Long Term Evolution) system developed by 3GPP, including network entities such as base stations (eNB, Evolved NodeB) and UEs, used for user plane and communication between base stations and UEs on the air interface Control plane protocol processing and data transfer. Wherein, the interface between the MME/S-GW gateway and the eNB is called the S1 interface, and the interface between the eNBs is called the X2 interface. The interface between UE and eNB is called LTE-Uu interface.
EPC主要包括移动性管理实体（MME，Mobility Management Entity）、归属签约用户服务器（HSS，Home Subscriber Server）、服务网关（SGW，ServingGateway）和分组数据网关（PGW，Packet Data Network Gateway）。EPC mainly includes Mobility Management Entity (MME, Mobility Management Entity), Home Subscriber Server (HSS, Home Subscriber Server), Serving Gateway (SGW, Serving Gateway) and Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW, Packet Data Network Gateway).
其中，MME是EPS的控制面网络实体，主要负责UE的移动性管理、会话管理、非接入层信令的处理和安全加密功能、信令的合法监听、PGW/SGW/MME的选择功能、告警消息传送、为告警消息选择合适的eNB等。MME通过S1-MME接口连接eNB。Among them, MME is the control plane network entity of EPS, mainly responsible for UE mobility management, session management, non-access stratum signaling processing and security encryption functions, legal interception of signaling, PGW/SGW/MME selection function, Alert message delivery, selection of an appropriate eNB for the alert message, etc. The MME is connected to the eNB through the S1-MME interface.
HSS用于保存用户的签约数据，包括用户标识、手机号码、各种签约的服务质量（QoS，Quality of Service）参数、服务用户的MME和PGW的地址等。The HSS is used to save the user's subscription data, including user ID, mobile phone number, quality of service (QoS, Quality of Service) parameters of various subscriptions, addresses of the MME and PGW serving the user, etc.
S-GW是EPS的用户面的网络实体，是eNB之间切换的移动性锚点，也是3GPP系统之间切换的移动性锚点，用于执行分组的路由和转发功能、用户面的合法监听、空闲状态UE的下行数据缓存、漫游时家乡路由数据的上下行计费等功能。S-GW通过S1-U接口连接eNB。S-GW is the network entity of the user plane of EPS, the mobility anchor point of handover between eNBs, and the mobility anchor point of handover between 3GPP systems, and is used to perform packet routing and forwarding functions and legal interception of the user plane , Downlink data caching of UE in idle state, uplink and downlink charging of home routing data during roaming, etc. The S-GW is connected to the eNB through the S1-U interface.
PGW是EPS网络和分组数据网络如因特网（Internet）相连的网关，主要处理上下行数据流的门限控制、UE IP地址分配、合法监听等功能。The PGW is the gateway connecting the EPS network and the packet data network such as the Internet (Internet). It mainly handles the threshold control of the uplink and downlink data flow, UE IP address allocation, legal interception and other functions.
在LTE系统中，对于正在通信的移动终端，当它从一个区域移动到另一个区域，为了保持连续性，网络端会根据切换判断策略来控制终端启动切换过程，它是连接状态期间处理的关键过程，必须快而准确，目标小区的选择必须是最佳，要使用户察觉不到。根据对3GPP36系列的协议研究可以得出LTE系统的切换流程，可分为如图2所示的3个过程：测量过程、判决过程和执行过程。In the LTE system, for a mobile terminal that is communicating, when it moves from one area to another, in order to maintain continuity, the network side will control the terminal to start the handover process according to the handover judgment strategy, which is the key to processing during the connection state The process must be fast and accurate, and the selection of the target cell must be the best, so that users cannot perceive it. According to the protocol research of 3GPP36 series, it can be concluded that the handover process of LTE system can be divided into three processes as shown in Figure 2: measurement process, decision process and execution process.
测量过程主要是根据系统发送的测量重配置消息所提供的邻近小区信息来进行测量，移动台（UE）根据接收到的信息搜索本小区和周围小区，结果可以通过事件或周期性上报给网络侧，供网络端参考来判决。同时基站也不断测量UE的上行链路信号，网络单元此时进入相应的网络判决阶段。判决过程是网络端的一个重要功能，对UE上报的事件和内容进行判决，如果不满足门限和条件，则不予理会，如果满足给定的条件，选择好要切换的目标小区，下发物理信道重配置消息给UE，启动切换过程。在网络端给UE发送重配置消息之前，需要对目标小区进行无线链路的建立配置，当配置完成之后再下发消息。此消息里含有目标小区的ID、安全性相关信息、移动控制信息、载波频率以及接入层各子层的新配置信息等。The measurement process is mainly based on the adjacent cell information provided by the measurement reconfiguration message sent by the system. The mobile station (UE) searches the current cell and surrounding cells according to the received information, and the results can be reported to the network side through events or periodically. , for the reference of the network side to judge. At the same time, the base station also continuously measures the uplink signal of the UE, and the network unit enters a corresponding network decision stage at this time. The judgment process is an important function of the network side. It judges the events and content reported by the UE. If the threshold and conditions are not met, it will be ignored. If the given conditions are met, the target cell to be handed over is selected and the physical channel is issued. A reconfiguration message is sent to the UE to start the handover process. Before the network sends a reconfiguration message to the UE, it needs to configure the radio link establishment of the target cell, and then send the message after the configuration is completed. This message contains the ID of the target cell, security-related information, mobile control information, carrier frequency, and new configuration information of each sub-layer of the access layer.
LTE系统的一种切换的具体流程可以包括以下步骤，其中所述的源eNB是指UE的服务小区所属的eNB，目的eNB是指UE切换的目标小区所属的eNB：A specific handover process of the LTE system may include the following steps, wherein the source eNB refers to the eNB to which the serving cell of the UE belongs, and the target eNB refers to the eNB to which the target cell of the UE handover belongs:
1)源eNB通过测量控制支配UE的测量过程；1) The source eNB dominates the measurement process of the UE through measurement control;
2)UE向源eNB发送测量报告；2) The UE sends a measurement report to the source eNB;
3)源eNB通过UE测量报告、承载业务以及服务信息做切换判决；3) The source eNB makes a handover decision through UE measurement reports, bearer services, and service information;
4)源eNB向目标eNB发切换请求；4) The source eNB sends a handover request to the target eNB;
5)目标小区进行接入控制；5) The target cell performs access control;
6)目标eNB向源eNB发出切换请求确认；6) The target eNB sends a handover request confirmation to the source eNB;
7)源eNB向UE发出切换命令并开始将数据包转向目标eNB；7) The source eNB sends a handover command to the UE and starts to forward the data packet to the target eNB;
8)源eNB向目标eNB发送SN Status Transfer（数据包顺序编号）状态信息；8) The source eNB sends SN Status Transfer (data packet sequence number) status information to the target eNB;
9)UE与目标ENB做最后的同步，通过RACH进行小区接入；9) The UE performs final synchronization with the target ENB, and performs cell access through RACH;
10)目标eNB给出上行分配信息和时间提前量信息；10) The target eNB gives uplink allocation information and timing advance information;
11)UE向目标eNB发出切换确认，目标eNB可以向UE发送数据；11) The UE sends a handover confirmation to the target eNB, and the target eNB can send data to the UE;
12)目标eNB发出一个PATH SWITCH信息到MME，通知MME UE已经改变了服务小区；12) The target eNB sends a PATH SWITCH message to the MME, notifying the MME that the UE has changed the serving cell;
13)MME发出一条用户面更新请求到S-GW；13) MME sends a user plane update request to S-GW;
14)S-GW选择下行数据链路到目标侧；14) S-GW selects the downlink data link to the target side;
15)S-GW发送一个用户面更新响应到MME；15) S-GW sends a user plane update response to MME;
16)MME通过PATH SWITCH ACK确认PATH SWITCH信息；16) MME confirms PATH SWITCH information through PATH SWITCH ACK;
17)通过发送RELEASE RESOURCE，目标eNB通知源eNB切换成功，并释放资源；17) By sending RELEASE RESOURCE, the target eNB notifies the source eNB of the successful handover and releases resources;
18)接收到RELEASE RESOURCE消息，源eNB可以释放和无线、用户面相关的资源。18) After receiving the RELEASE RESOURCE message, the source eNB can release resources related to radio and user plane.
从LTE切换信令流程可以看得出现有LTE切换信令交互相当多。发明人经研究发现，目前LTE切换失败或切换发生无线链路失败（RLF）主要有两个原因，一个原因是切换参数设置的不合理，另一个原因是切换过程信令发送失败。换句话说，如果可以降低切换过程信令发送失败或者减少过程信令流程，就可以有效地优化并提高LTE切换成功率。It can be seen from the LTE handover signaling flow that there are quite a lot of existing LTE handover signaling interactions. The inventors have found through research that there are two main reasons for LTE handover failure or radio link failure (RLF) in handover. One reason is unreasonable handover parameter setting, and the other reason is signaling failure in the handover process. In other words, if it is possible to reduce signaling transmission failures in the handover process or reduce the signaling flow in the handover process, the LTE handover success rate can be effectively optimized and improved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明实施例的目的是提供一种地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法、基站及飞行器，优化飞行器的切换过程提高切换成功率。In view of this, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an aircraft handover method, a base station, and an aircraft in a ground-to-air LTE system, and optimize the handover process of the aircraft to improve the handover success rate.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供方案如下：In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:
一种地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法，所述地空LTE系统包括有多个基站和飞行器，所述飞行器的飞行路径被多个基站的小区所覆盖，且预先将覆盖所述飞行路径的多个小区的配置信息下发给所述飞行器；A method for switching aircraft in a ground-to-air LTE system, the ground-to-air LTE system includes multiple base stations and aircraft, the flight path of the aircraft is covered by cells of multiple base stations, and the flight path will be covered in advance The configuration information of a plurality of cells is delivered to the aircraft;
所述切换方法包括：The switching method includes:
第一小区基站接收飞行器上报的第二小区的测量报告，其中，第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，所述第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，所述第二小区是第一小区的邻小区，所述测量报告是所述飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时测量获得的；The base station of the first cell receives the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft, wherein the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is the second cell. A neighbor cell of a cell, the measurement report is obtained by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold;
所述第一小区基站接收到所述测量报告后，向所述飞行器发送切换命令，控制所述飞行器利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。After receiving the measurement report, the base station of the first cell sends a switching command to the aircraft to control the aircraft to switch to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell.
本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的另一切换方法，包括：Another handover method for an aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
第二小区基站接收第一小区基站发送的数据包顺序编号状态SN StatusTransfer信息，所述SN Status Transfer信息是第一小区基站在向飞行器发送切换命令之后向第二小区基站发送的，所述切换命令是第一小区基站接收到飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时上报的第二小区的测量报告后发送的，其中第一小区是飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；The second cell base station receives the packet serial number status SN StatusTransfer information sent by the first cell base station, and the SN Status Transfer information is sent by the first cell base station to the second cell base station after the first cell base station sends a switching command to the aircraft, and the switching command It is sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, wherein the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is the first Neighboring districts of the district;
第二小区基站接收第一小区基站转发的所述飞行器的下行数据包；The base station of the second cell receives the downlink data packet of the aircraft forwarded by the base station of the first cell;
第二小区基站接收所述飞行器根据预先获得的第二小区的配置信息发起的接入请求，将所述飞行器切换至所述第二小区。The second cell base station receives the access request initiated by the aircraft according to the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell, and switches the aircraft to the second cell.
本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的又一切换方法，包括：Another handover method for an aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:
所述飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时，测量获得第二小区的测量报告并上报至第一小区基站，其中第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；When the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, the aircraft measures and obtains the measurement report of the second cell and reports it to the base station of the first cell, wherein the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, and the first cell is The current serving cell of the aircraft, the second cell is an adjacent cell of the first cell;
所述飞行器接收所述第一小区基站在接收到所述测量报告后发送的切换命令；The aircraft receives a handover command sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report;
所述飞行器根据所述切换命令，利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。The aircraft is handed over to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell according to the handover command.
本发明实施例提供了一种地空LTE系统中的第一小区基站，所述地空LTE系统包括有多个基站和飞行器，所述飞行器的飞行路径被多个基站的小区所覆盖，且所述飞行器预先获得覆盖所述飞行路径的多个小区的配置信息；An embodiment of the present invention provides a first cell base station in a ground-to-air LTE system, the ground-to-air LTE system includes a plurality of base stations and an aircraft, the flight path of the aircraft is covered by cells of a plurality of base stations, and the The aircraft obtains configuration information of multiple cells covering the flight path in advance;
所述第一小区基站包括：The first cell base station includes:
接收单元，用于接收飞行器上报的第二小区的测量报告，其中，第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，所述第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，所述第二小区是第一小区的邻小区，所述测量报告是所述飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时测量获得的；The receiving unit is configured to receive the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft, wherein the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is A neighboring cell of the first cell, the measurement report is obtained by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold;
切换控制单元，用于在所述接收单元接收到所述测量报告后，向所述飞行器发送切换命令，控制所述飞行器利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。A handover control unit, configured to send a handover command to the aircraft after the receiving unit receives the measurement report, and control the aircraft to hand over to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell.
本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中的第二小区基站包括：The base station of the second cell in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
第一接收单元，用于接收第一小区基站发送的数据包顺序编号状态SNStatus Transfer信息，所述SN Status Transfer信息是第一小区基站在向飞行器发送切换命令之后向第二小区基站发送的，所述切换命令是第一小区基站接收到飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时上报的第二小区的测量报告后发送的，其中第一小区是飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；The first receiving unit is used to receive the packet sequence number status SNStatus Transfer information sent by the base station of the first cell, and the SN Status Transfer information is sent by the base station of the first cell to the base station of the second cell after sending a switching command to the aircraft, so The handover command is sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, wherein the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell;
第二接收单元，用于接收第一小区基站转发的所述飞行器的下行数据包；The second receiving unit is configured to receive the downlink data packet of the aircraft forwarded by the base station of the first cell;
接入单元，用于接收所述飞行器根据预先获得的第二小区的配置信息发起的接入请求，将所述飞行器切换至所述第二小区。The access unit is configured to receive an access request initiated by the aircraft according to the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell, and handover the aircraft to the second cell.
本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中的飞行器包括：The aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
测量单元，用于在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时，测量获得第二小区的测量报告并上报至第一小区基站，其中第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；The measurement unit is configured to measure and obtain a measurement report of the second cell when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold, and report it to the base station of the first cell, where the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, and the first The cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is an adjacent cell of the first cell;
接收单元，用于接收所述第一小区基站在接收到所述测量报告后发送的切换命令；a receiving unit, configured to receive a handover command sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report;
切换单元，用于根据所述切换命令，利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。A handover unit, configured to handover to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell according to the handover command.
本发明实施例还提供了一种地空LTE系统，其特征在于，包括以上所述的第一小区基站、第二小区基站及飞行器。An embodiment of the present invention also provides a ground-to-air LTE system, which is characterized in that it includes the first cell base station, the second cell base station, and the aircraft described above.
从以上所述可以看出，本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法、基站及飞行器，可以简化切换信令流程，进而避免切换过程中发生RLF的概率，提高切换成功率。From the above, it can be seen that the aircraft handover method, base station, and aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can simplify the handover signaling process, thereby avoiding the probability of RLF occurring during the handover process, and improving the handover success rate .
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为现有技术的LTE系统的网络架构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an LTE system in the prior art;
图2为现有技术的LTE系统的切换流程；Fig. 2 is the handover procedure of the LTE system of prior art;
图3为本发明实施例中地空LTE系统中飞机飞行路线覆盖示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of aircraft flight path coverage in the ground-to-air LTE system in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种切换方法的流程示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a handover method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种切换方法的流程示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another handover method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例提供的又一种切换方法的流程示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another handover method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例的切换方法的总体流程示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of an overall handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
地空LTE系统包括有多个基站（eNB）和飞行器，飞行器的飞行路径被多个基站的小区所覆盖。请参照图3，图3示出了地空LTE系统中的基站1～3以及对应的cell1～3的覆盖示意。地空LTE系统中路线覆盖和一般LTE覆盖有以下区别：The ground-to-air LTE system includes multiple base stations (eNBs) and aircraft, and the flight path of the aircraft is covered by cells of multiple base stations. Please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 shows coverage of base stations 1-3 and corresponding cells 1-3 in the ground-to-air LTE system. The route coverage in the ground-to-air LTE system differs from general LTE coverage in the following ways:
1）UE(飞机器)只有一条路径和一种行进方向；1) UE (aircraft) has only one path and one direction of travel;
2）在地空覆盖情况下UE的行进路线及切换小区可以事先知道。2) In the case of ground-air coverage, the UE's traveling route and handover cell can be known in advance.
因此，飞行器在两个相邻的小区之间的切换信令流程可以做得简单而避免现有的LTE切换信令复杂度。本发明实施例针对飞行器具有的预定飞行线路的特点，提出一种简化切换过程中的切换方法，以提高地空LTE系统的切换成功率。Therefore, the handover signaling process of the aircraft between two adjacent cells can be made simple and the complexity of the existing LTE handover signaling can be avoided. The embodiment of the present invention aims at the characteristics of the predetermined flight route of the aircraft, and proposes a handover method for simplifying the handover process, so as to improve the handover success rate of the ground-to-air LTE system.
本发明实施例中，所述地空LTE系统包括有MME、多个基站和飞行器，所述飞行器的飞行路径被多个基站的小区所覆盖。作为一种实现方式，所述飞行路径上的多个基站均连接至同一个MME，且相邻基站之间通过X2接口连接。作为另一种实现方式，所述多个基站中存在有连接至不同MME连接的相邻基站，该相邻基站中的第一基站连接至第一MME，第二基站连接至第二MME，且，第一基站与第一MME之间的数据，通过第二MME与第二基站之间的S1接口，透传至第二基站。In the embodiment of the present invention, the ground-to-air LTE system includes an MME, multiple base stations, and an aircraft, and the flight path of the aircraft is covered by cells of multiple base stations. As an implementation manner, multiple base stations on the flight path are connected to the same MME, and adjacent base stations are connected through an X2 interface. As another implementation manner, there are adjacent base stations connected to different MME connections among the multiple base stations, the first base station among the adjacent base stations is connected to the first MME, and the second base station is connected to the second MME, and , the data between the first base station and the first MME is transparently transmitted to the second base station through the S1 interface between the second MME and the second base station.
本发明实施例中，在飞行器起飞之前，可以预先将覆盖所述飞行路径的多个小区的配置信息下发给所述飞行器，所述配置信息具体可以包括：所述多个小区的小区ID、各个小区的随机接入信道资源分配信息、测量配置参数、RACH资源分配等。In the embodiment of the present invention, before the aircraft takes off, configuration information of multiple cells covering the flight path may be sent to the aircraft in advance, and the configuration information may specifically include: cell IDs of the multiple cells, Random access channel resource allocation information, measurement configuration parameters, RACH resource allocation, etc. of each cell.
以下描述中，第一小区是指飞行器的当前服务小区，第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站（即源基站），第二小区是指飞行器切换的目标小区，第二小区基站是第二小区所属的基站（即目的基站），所述第二小区是第一小区的邻小区。In the following description, the first cell refers to the current serving cell of the aircraft, the base station of the first cell refers to the base station to which the first cell belongs (that is, the source base station), the second cell refers to the target cell of the aircraft handover, and the base station of the second cell refers to the second The base station to which the cell belongs (that is, the target base station), and the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell.
以下将分别从源基站、目的基站以及飞行器的角度，说明本发明实施例地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法。The handover method of the aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below from the perspectives of the source base station, the destination base station, and the aircraft.
首先，从源基站（即第一小区基站）的角度，说明本发明实施例的切换流程。请参照图4，本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法，包括以下步骤：First, from the perspective of the source base station (that is, the base station of the first cell), the handover process of the embodiment of the present invention is described. Please refer to Fig. 4, the handover method of aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤41，第一小区基站接收飞行器上报的第二小区的测量报告，其中，所述测量报告是所述飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时测量获得的。Step 41 , the base station of the first cell receives the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft, wherein the measurement report is obtained by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold.
这里，飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时，可以根据事先获得的小区的配置信息，对小区列表中的小区进行测量，获得相应的测量报告。例如，小区列表中可以包括有当前服务小区在飞行路径上的邻小区的信息，飞行器根据这些邻小区的信息进行测量，获得满足信号质量要求的邻小区的测量报告并上报给第一小区基站。Here, when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, the aircraft may measure the cells in the cell list according to the cell configuration information obtained in advance, and obtain a corresponding measurement report. For example, the cell list may include the information of the neighboring cells of the current serving cell on the flight path, and the aircraft performs measurements based on the information of these neighboring cells, obtains the measurement reports of the neighboring cells that meet the signal quality requirements, and reports them to the base station of the first cell.
步骤42，第一小区基站接收到所述测量报告后，向所述飞行器发送切换命令，控制所述飞行器利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。Step 42: After receiving the measurement report, the base station of the first cell sends a handover command to the aircraft to control the aircraft to switch to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell.
这里，第一小区基站在接收到测量报告后，进行切换判断，判断策略本发明不做具体限定。在允许飞行器由第一小区切换至第二小区时，第一小区基站下发所述切换命令，其中，所述切换命令可以携带在第一小区基站下发的物理信道重配置消息中发送给飞行器，以启动切换过程。Here, the base station of the first cell performs handover judgment after receiving the measurement report, and the judgment strategy is not specifically limited in the present invention. When the aircraft is allowed to switch from the first cell to the second cell, the base station of the first cell issues the switching command, wherein the switching command can be carried in the physical channel reconfiguration message issued by the base station of the first cell and sent to the aircraft , to start the switching process.
第一小区基站在发送所述切换命令之后，还可以进一步向第二小区基站发送数据包顺序编号状态（SN Status Transfer）信息，以及向第二小区基站转发所述飞行器的下行数据包，以进行切换的准备工作。After the first cell base station sends the switching command, it can also further send data packet sequence number status (SN Status Transfer) information to the second cell base station, and forward the downlink data packet of the aircraft to the second cell base station, so as to carry out Preparations for switching.
在上述步骤42之后，若所述飞行器成功切换至所述第二小区，上述方法还可以包括以下步骤：After the above step 42, if the aircraft is successfully handed over to the second cell, the above method may also include the following steps:
步骤43，第一小区基站接收第二小区基站发送的资源释放消息，释放与所述飞行器相关的资源。Step 43, the base station of the first cell receives the resource release message sent by the base station of the second cell, and releases the resources related to the aircraft.
上述流程中，第一小区基站（即源基站）在接收到飞行器的测量报告后，并没有像现有技术那样向第二小区基站（即目的基站）发送切换请求，而是直接向飞行器（即终端UE）发送切换命令，第二小区基站（即目的基站）也无需向第一小区基站（即源基站）发送切换请求确认，而是根据飞行器发送的接入请求实现飞行器由第一小区至第二小区的切换，从而大大简化了切换信令流程，进而可以避免切换过程中发生RLF的概率，提高切换成功率。In the above process, after receiving the measurement report of the aircraft, the base station of the first cell (ie, the source base station) does not send a handover request to the base station of the second cell (ie, the target base station) as in the prior art, but directly sends a handover request to the aircraft (ie, the target base station). Terminal UE) sends a handover command, and the base station of the second cell (ie, the target base station) does not need to send a handover request confirmation to the base station of the first cell (ie, the source base station), but realizes the flight from the first cell to the second cell according to the access request sent by the aircraft The handover of the two cells greatly simplifies the handover signaling process, thereby avoiding the probability of RLF occurring in the handover process and improving the handover success rate.
请参照图5，从目的基站（即第二小区基站）的角度，本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法，包括以下步骤：Please refer to Figure 5. From the perspective of the target base station (ie, the base station of the second cell), the method for handover of aircraft in the ground-to-air LTE system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤51，第二小区基站接收第一小区基站发送的数据包顺序编号状态（SNStatus Transfer）信息，所述SN Status Transfer信息是第一小区基站在向飞行器发送切换命令之后向第二小区基站发送的，所述切换命令是第一小区基站接收到飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时上报的第二小区的测量报告后发送的，其中第一小区是飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；Step 51, the base station of the second cell receives the packet sequence number status (SNStatus Transfer) information sent by the base station of the first cell, and the SN Status Transfer information is sent by the base station of the first cell to the base station of the second cell after sending the switching command to the aircraft , the handover command is sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold, wherein the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second The second cell is the neighbor cell of the first cell;
步骤52，第二小区基站接收第一小区基站转发的所述飞行器的下行数据包；Step 52, the base station of the second cell receives the downlink data packet of the aircraft forwarded by the base station of the first cell;
步骤53，第二小区基站接收所述飞行器根据预先获得的第二小区的配置信息发起的接入请求，将所述飞行器切换至所述第二小区。Step 53: The base station of the second cell receives the access request initiated by the aircraft according to the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell, and switches the aircraft to the second cell.
在所述飞行器成功切换至所述第二小区之后，上述方法还可以包括：After the aircraft is successfully handed over to the second cell, the above method may further include:
步骤54，第二小区基站向第一小区基站发送资源释放消息，触发所述第一小区基站释放与所述飞行器相关的资源。Step 54, the base station of the second cell sends a resource release message to the base station of the first cell, triggering the base station of the first cell to release the resources related to the aircraft.
请参照图6，从终端（即飞行器）的角度，本发明实施例提供的地空LTE系统中飞机器的切换方法，包括以下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 6. From the perspective of a terminal (that is, an aircraft), the method for handover of an aircraft in a ground-to-air LTE system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
步骤61，飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时，测量获得第二小区的测量报告并上报至第一小区基站，其中第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；Step 61, when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, the aircraft measures and obtains the measurement report of the second cell and reports it to the base station of the first cell, wherein the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, and the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell;
步骤62，飞行器接收所述第一小区基站在接收到所述测量报告后发送的切换命令；Step 62, the aircraft receives a handover command sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report;
步骤63，飞行器根据所述切换命令，利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。Step 63, the aircraft switches to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell according to the switch command.
本实施例中，还可以预先给飞行器配置唯一的UE CONTEXT（UE上下文）并发送给飞行路径中的所有基站。这样，若所述飞行器在切换过程中发生无线链路失败，所述方法还包括：In this embodiment, a unique UE CONTEXT (UE context) can also be pre-configured for the aircraft and sent to all base stations in the flight path. In this way, if a wireless link failure occurs during the handover process of the aircraft, the method further includes:
步骤64，所述飞行器利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息，直接向第二小区发起重建请求，重新接入所述第二小区。此时，重建请求中携带有预先配置的UE CONTEXT，第二小区接收到该重建请求后，即可根据该UECONTEXT实现飞行器的接入。In step 64, the aircraft uses the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell to directly initiate a reestablishment request to the second cell, and re-access the second cell. At this time, the re-establishment request carries the pre-configured UE CONTEXT, and after receiving the re-establishment request, the second cell can realize the access of the aircraft according to the UE CONTEXT.
以上分别从源基站、目的基站和飞行器角度说明了本发明实施例的切换流程。下面进一步结合图7，说明对本发明实施例切换的总体流程。图7中，UE表示飞行器，S-eNB表示第一小区基站（即源基站），T-eNB表示第二小区基站（即目的基站）。如图7所示，本实施例的切换流程包括以下步骤：The above describes the handover process of the embodiment of the present invention from the perspectives of the source base station, the destination base station, and the aircraft. The overall flow of the handover in the embodiment of the present invention will be further described below with reference to FIG. 7 . In FIG. 7 , UE represents an aircraft, S-eNB represents a base station of a first cell (ie, a source base station), and T-eNB represents a base station of a second cell (ie, a target base station). As shown in FIG. 7, the switching process of this embodiment includes the following steps:
701，初始阶段，UE的服务小区为S-eNB对应的小区，UE与S-eNB交换上下行的用户数据包（User Packet Data DL/UP）；701. In the initial stage, the serving cell of the UE is the cell corresponding to the S-eNB, and the UE exchanges uplink and downlink user data packets (User Packet Data DL/UP) with the S-eNB;
702，UE检测到服务小区信号质量已经低于预设条件时，根据预先获得的飞行路径上的小区配置信息，对服务小区在飞行路径上的相邻小区进行测量，获得测量报告，并上报给S-eNB；702. When the UE detects that the signal quality of the serving cell is lower than the preset condition, it measures the adjacent cells of the serving cell on the flight path according to the pre-acquired cell configuration information on the flight path, obtains a measurement report, and reports it to S-eNB;
703，S-eNB根据UE上报的测量报告，判断是否需要执行切换，在需要切换时，通过下发RRC重配置消息，通知UE切换至T-eNB对应的小区；703. The S-eNB judges whether handover needs to be performed according to the measurement report reported by the UE, and when handover is required, notifies the UE to handover to the cell corresponding to the T-eNB by sending an RRC reconfiguration message;
704～705，S-eNB将UE的SN Status Transfer（数据包顺序编号）状态信息和下行数据包转向T-eNB；704-705, the S-eNB transfers the UE's SN Status Transfer (data packet sequence number) status information and downlink data packets to the T-eNB;
706，UE接收到上述重配置消息后，与T-eNB进行同步处理，通过RACH进行小区接入；706. After receiving the above reconfiguration message, the UE performs synchronization processing with the T-eNB, and performs cell access through the RACH;
707，UE通过RRC重配置完毕消息向T-eNB发出切换确认，指示目标eNB可以向UE发送数据；707, the UE sends a handover confirmation to the T-eNB through the RRC reconfiguration complete message, indicating that the target eNB can send data to the UE;
708～709，T-eNB发出一个PATH SWITCH信息到MME，通知MME UE已经改变了服务小区；MME通过PATH SWITCH ACK确认PATH SWITCH信息；708-709, T-eNB sends a PATH SWITCH message to the MME, notifying the MME that the UE has changed the serving cell; the MME confirms the PATH SWITCH message through the PATH SWITCH ACK;
710，UE与T-eNB交换上下行的用户数据包（User Packet Data DL/UP）；710, the UE exchanges uplink and downlink user data packets (User Packet Data DL/UP) with the T-eNB;
711，T-eNB通过发送RELEASE RESOURCE，通知S-eNB切换成功，指示S-eNB释放相关资源。711. The T-eNB notifies the S-eNB that the handover is successful by sending RELEASE RESOURCE, and instructs the S-eNB to release related resources.
本实施例还提供了在地空LTE系统中实现上述各流程的基站、飞行器的结构，所述地空LTE系统包括有多个基站和飞行器，所述飞行器的飞行路径被多个基站的小区所覆盖，且所述飞行器预先获得覆盖所述飞行路径的多个小区的配置信息。This embodiment also provides the structure of the base station and the aircraft for realizing the above-mentioned processes in the ground-to-air LTE system. The ground-to-air LTE system includes multiple base stations and aircraft, and the flight path of the aircraft is determined by the cells of the multiple base stations. coverage, and the aircraft obtains configuration information of multiple cells covering the flight path in advance.
其中，本发明实施例提供的第一小区基站包括：Wherein, the first cell base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
接收单元，用于接收飞行器上报的第二小区的测量报告，其中，第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，所述第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，所述第二小区是第一小区的邻小区，所述测量报告是所述飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时测量获得的；The receiving unit is configured to receive the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft, wherein the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is A neighboring cell of the first cell, the measurement report is obtained by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold;
切换控制单元，用于在所述接收单元接收到所述测量报告后，向所述飞行器发送切换命令，控制所述飞行器利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。A handover control unit, configured to send a handover command to the aircraft after the receiving unit receives the measurement report, and control the aircraft to hand over to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell.
优选地，上述第一小区基站还可以包括：发送单元，用于在所述切换控制单元发送所述切换命令之后，向第二小区基站发送数据包顺序编号状态SNStatus Transfer信息，以及向第二小区基站转发所述飞行器的下行数据包。Preferably, the above-mentioned first cell base station may further include: a sending unit, configured to send the data packet sequence number status SNStatus Transfer information to the second cell base station after the handover control unit sends the handover command, and send the information to the second cell The base station forwards the downlink data packets of the aircraft.
优选地，上述第一小区基站还可以包括：释放单元，用于接收第二小区基站在所述飞行器成功切换至所述第二小区之后发送的资源释放消息，释放与所述飞行器相关的资源。Preferably, the first cell base station may further include: a release unit, configured to receive a resource release message sent by the second cell base station after the aircraft is successfully handed over to the second cell, and release resources related to the aircraft.
本发明实施例提供的第二小区基站包括：The second cell base station provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
第一接收单元，用于接收第一小区基站发送的数据包顺序编号状态SNStatus Transfer信息，所述SN Status Transfer信息是第一小区基站在向飞行器发送切换命令之后向第二小区基站发送的，所述切换命令是第一小区基站接收到飞行器在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时上报的第二小区的测量报告后发送的，其中第一小区是飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；The first receiving unit is used to receive the packet sequence number status SNStatus Transfer information sent by the base station of the first cell, and the SN Status Transfer information is sent by the base station of the first cell to the base station of the second cell after sending a switching command to the aircraft, so The handover command is sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report of the second cell reported by the aircraft when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than the preset threshold, wherein the first cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is a neighboring cell of the first cell;
第二接收单元，用于接收第一小区基站转发的所述飞行器的下行数据包；The second receiving unit is configured to receive the downlink data packet of the aircraft forwarded by the base station of the first cell;
接入单元，用于接收所述飞行器根据预先获得的第二小区的配置信息发起的接入请求，将所述飞行器切换至所述第二小区。The access unit is configured to receive an access request initiated by the aircraft according to the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell, and handover the aircraft to the second cell.
优选地，上述第二小区基站还包括：Preferably, the above-mentioned second cell base station further includes:
释放单元，用于在所述飞行器成功切换至所述第二小区之后，向第一小区基站发送资源释放消息，触发所述第一小区基站释放与所述飞行器相关的资源。The release unit is configured to send a resource release message to the base station of the first cell after the aircraft is successfully handed over to the second cell, and trigger the base station of the first cell to release resources related to the aircraft.
本发明实施例提供的飞行器包括：The aircraft provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes:
测量单元，用于在第一小区的信号质量低于预设门限时，测量获得第二小区的测量报告并上报至第一小区基站，其中第一小区基站是第一小区所属的基站，第一小区是所述飞行器的当前服务小区，第二小区是第一小区的邻小区；The measurement unit is configured to measure and obtain a measurement report of the second cell when the signal quality of the first cell is lower than a preset threshold, and report it to the base station of the first cell, where the base station of the first cell is the base station to which the first cell belongs, and the first The cell is the current serving cell of the aircraft, and the second cell is an adjacent cell of the first cell;
接收单元，用于接收所述第一小区基站在接收到所述测量报告后发送的切换命令；a receiving unit, configured to receive a handover command sent by the base station of the first cell after receiving the measurement report;
切换单元，用于根据所述切换命令，利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息切换至所述第二小区。A handover unit, configured to handover to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell according to the handover command.
优选地，上述飞行器还包括：Preferably, the above aircraft also includes:
接入单元，用于当所述飞行器在切换过程中发生无线链路失败时，利用预先获得的第二小区的配置信息，直接向第二小区发起重建请求，重新接入所述第二小区。The access unit is configured to directly initiate a re-establishment request to the second cell by using the pre-acquired configuration information of the second cell to re-access the second cell when a radio link failure occurs during the handover process of the aircraft.
最后，本发明实施例还提供了一种地空LTE系统，包括上文中所述的第一小区基站、第二小区基站及飞行器。Finally, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a ground-to-air LTE system, including the above-mentioned first cell base station, second cell base station, and aircraft.
综上，本发明实施例可以简化地空LTE系统中的切换流程，减小切换过程中RLF发生的概率，提高切换成功率。To sum up, the embodiments of the present invention can simplify the handover process in the ground-to-air LTE system, reduce the probability of RLF occurrence during the handover process, and improve the handover success rate.
此说明书中所描述的许多功能部件都被称为单元，以便更加特别地强调其实现方式的独立性。Many functional components described in this specification are referred to as units in order to more particularly emphasize their implementation independence.
本发明实施例中，单元可以用软件实现，以便由各种类型的处理器执行。举例来说，一个标识的可执行代码单元可以包括计算机指令的一个或多个物理或者逻辑块，举例来说，其可以被构建为对象、过程或函数。尽管如此，所标识单元的可执行代码无需物理地位于一起，而是可以包括存储在不同物理上的不同的指令，当这些指令逻辑上结合在一起时，其构成单元并且实现该单元的规定目的。In the embodiments of the present invention, the units may be implemented by software so as to be executed by various types of processors. An identified unit of executable code may, by way of example, comprise one or more physical or logical blocks of computer instructions which may, for example, be structured as an object, procedure, or function. Notwithstanding, the executable code of the identified units need not be physically located together, but may comprise distinct instructions stored on different physical locations which, when logically combined, constitute the unit and carry out the stated purpose of the unit .
实际上，可执行代码单元可以是单条指令或者是许多条指令，并且甚至可以分布在多个不同的代码段上，分布在不同程序当中，以及跨越多个存储器设备分布。同样地，操作数据可以在单元内被识别，并且可以依照任何适当的形式实现并且被组织在任何适当类型的数据结构内。所述操作数据可以作为单个数据集被收集，或者可以分布在不同位置上（包括在不同存储设备上），并且至少部分地可以仅作为电子信号存在于系统或网络上。Indeed, a unit of executable code may be a single instruction, or many instructions, and may even be distributed over several different code segments, among different programs and across several memory devices. Likewise, operational data may be identified within a unit, and may be implemented in any suitable form and organized within any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may be collected as a single data set, or may be distributed in different locations (including on different storage devices), and may exist, at least in part, only as electronic signals on a system or network.
在单元可以利用软件实现时，考虑到现有硬件工艺的水平，所以可以以软件实现的单元，在不考虑成本的情况下，本领域技术人员都可以搭建对应的硬件电路来实现对应的功能，所述硬件电路包括常规的超大规模集成（VLSI）电路或者门阵列以及诸如逻辑芯片、晶体管之类的现有半导体或者是其它分立的元件。单元还可以用可编程硬件设备，诸如现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑设备等实现。When the unit can be realized by software, considering the level of the existing hardware technology, the unit that can be realized by software, regardless of the cost, those skilled in the art can build the corresponding hardware circuit to realize the corresponding function. The hardware circuit includes conventional very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits or gate arrays as well as existing semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or other discrete components. A unit may also be implemented in programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logic devices, and the like.
以上所述仅是本发明的实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as Be the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310084122.9ACN104053197A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Aircraft switching method, base station and aircraft in ground-air long-term evolution system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310084122.9ACN104053197A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Aircraft switching method, base station and aircraft in ground-air long-term evolution system |
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| CN104053197Atrue CN104053197A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310084122.9APendingCN104053197A (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | Aircraft switching method, base station and aircraft in ground-air long-term evolution system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20140917 |