技术领域technical field
本发明属于天线工程技术领域，涉及到一种新颖的低剖面宽带高增益天线，应用在移动通信、卫星通信、雷达等微波/毫米波段通信设备。The invention belongs to the technical field of antenna engineering, and relates to a novel low-profile broadband high-gain antenna, which is used in microwave/millimeter wave band communication equipment such as mobile communication, satellite communication and radar.
背景技术Background technique
现代无线通信、雷达和电子对抗等技术的快速发展，以及电子设备对于天线性能的更高要求；小型化、低剖面、宽带、高增益和易于集成是现代天线设计的主要特点。Fabry-Perot谐振腔天线具有高增益、低副瓣、体积小、易加工等优点，与同等性能微带天线阵相比，避免了设计天线阵的复杂馈电网络，在设计高增益低剖面天线上逐渐受到广泛关注，其相比于传统的高增益天线(如反射面天线和阵列天线等)，具有一定的优势。The rapid development of modern wireless communication, radar and electronic countermeasure technologies, as well as the higher requirements of electronic equipment for antenna performance; miniaturization, low profile, broadband, high gain and easy integration are the main features of modern antenna design. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna has the advantages of high gain, low sidelobe, small size, and easy processing. Compared with the microstrip antenna array with the same performance, it avoids the complicated feeding network of the antenna array. Compared with traditional high-gain antennas (such as reflector antennas and array antennas, etc.), it has certain advantages.
Alexopoulos和Jackson等于1984年提出在小天线上一定高度加载覆盖板，可以显著提高小天线的方向性；于是他们将高介电常数和磁导率的多层介质板交叠置于印制天线上，以此来提高增益；1999年，Trevenot等将一种二维介质钻孔型电磁带隙(EBG-electromagnetic band gap)结构作为反射盖板，提高了天线的增益，并且能很好的抑制表面波的产生；随着EBG结构的广泛研究，使得宽带、多波段、小型化高增益的Fabry-Perot谐振天线得到了更快的发展。Alexopoulos and Jackson et al. proposed in 1984 that loading the covering plate at a certain height on the small antenna can significantly improve the directivity of the small antenna; then they overlapped the multilayer dielectric plate with high dielectric constant and magnetic permeability on the printed antenna , to increase the gain; in 1999, Trevenot et al. used a two-dimensional dielectric drilled electromagnetic band gap (EBG-electromagnetic band gap) structure as a reflector cover to improve the gain of the antenna, and can well suppress the surface Wave generation; with the extensive research on the EBG structure, the broadband, multi-band, miniaturized and high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant antenna has been developed faster.
纵观国内市场，Fabry-Perot谐振天线的产品所见不多，未存在同类型较成熟的天线产品。另外，传统的谐振腔天线，当处于工作频率上限时，会由于漏波信号在腔体上表面出现相位反相，使漏波相位在天线法向方向上反相叠加，如此降低了天线的增益，副瓣电平升高，主瓣上端出现凹陷。Throughout the domestic market, there are not many Fabry-Perot resonant antenna products, and there is no mature antenna product of the same type. In addition, when the traditional resonant cavity antenna is at the upper limit of the operating frequency, the phase of the leaky wave signal will be reversed on the upper surface of the cavity, so that the phase of the leaky wave will be superimposed in reverse in the normal direction of the antenna, thus reducing the gain of the antenna , the level of the side lobe rises, and a depression appears at the upper end of the main lobe.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供了一种低剖面、宽带、高增益和易装配的喇叭型低剖面宽带高增益天线，属于Fabry-Perot谐振腔天线，用于微波毫米波的无线通信系统或卫星通信。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-profile, wide-band, high-gain and easy-to-assemble horn-type low-profile broadband high-gain antenna, which belongs to the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna, and is used for microwave and millimeter wave wireless communication systems or satellite communications .
本发明采用如下技术方案：The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种喇叭型低剖面宽带高增益天线，其特征在于：包括有金属底板、金属侧板、馈电波导、支架、顶层介质板和底层介质板；该金属侧板底边与金属底板外周边相连构成喇叭状；该顶层介质板和底层介质板由支架支承固定于金属底板上方，该顶层介质板为单层构成或至少两层介质板无间距叠加构成，该底层介质板也为单层构成或至少两层介质板无间距叠加构成；该金属底板中间还开有一定大小的馈电缝隙口，该馈电缝隙口正对底层介质板的底面。A horn-shaped low-profile broadband high-gain antenna is characterized in that: it includes a metal base plate, a metal side plate, a feed waveguide, a bracket, a top layer dielectric plate and a bottom layer dielectric plate; the bottom edge of the metal side plate is connected to the outer periphery of the metal base plate Constitute a trumpet shape; the top dielectric board and the bottom dielectric board are supported and fixed above the metal base plate by a bracket, the top dielectric board is composed of a single layer or at least two layers of dielectric boards are stacked without spacing, and the bottom dielectric board is also a single layer or At least two layers of dielectric boards are superimposed without spacing; there is a feeding slot of a certain size in the middle of the metal bottom board, and the feeding slot is facing the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric board.
优选的，所述顶层介质板底面距离底层介质板的顶面高度小于最低工作频率的四分之一波长，该顶层介质板与底层介质板之间填充有空气或泡沫材料。Preferably, the height of the bottom surface of the top dielectric board from the top surface of the bottom dielectric board is less than a quarter wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and air or foam material is filled between the top dielectric board and the bottom dielectric board.
优选的，所述金属底板为圆形且与金属侧板构成圆喇叭结构以增加天线的增益。Preferably, the metal bottom plate is circular and forms a circular horn structure with the metal side plate to increase the gain of the antenna.
优选的，所述金属底板为矩形且与金属侧板构成矩形喇叭结构以增加天线的增益。Preferably, the metal bottom plate is rectangular and forms a rectangular horn structure with the metal side plates to increase the gain of the antenna.
优选的，所述底层介质板底面与金属反射平板顶面的间距小于最低工作频率的二分之一波长，所述金属底板顶面与底层介质板底面之间填充有空气或泡沫材料。Preferably, the distance between the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric plate and the top surface of the metal reflective plate is less than half the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and air or foam material is filled between the top surface of the metal bottom plate and the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric plate.
优选的，所述金属底板和金属侧板构成的喇叭状的高度，以及顶层介质板上表面距金属底板的距离，均为最低工作频率波长的1-1.5倍。Preferably, the height of the trumpet shape formed by the metal bottom plate and the metal side plates, and the distance between the upper surface of the top dielectric plate and the metal bottom plate are both 1-1.5 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.
优选的，所述顶层介质板的尺寸等于或大于底层介质板尺寸；顶层介质板和底层介质板的直径或边长为最低工作频率波长的1.3-2.0倍。Preferably, the size of the top dielectric plate is equal to or greater than that of the bottom dielectric plate; the diameter or side length of the top dielectric plate and the bottom dielectric plate is 1.3-2.0 times the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.
优选的，还包括有馈电波导，该馈电波导通过所述馈电缝隙口耦合给天线馈电，该馈电缝隙口设有金属膜片以进行阻抗匹配。Preferably, a feeding waveguide is also included, the feeding waveguide is coupled to feed the antenna through the feeding slot, and the feeding slot is provided with a metal diaphragm for impedance matching.
优选的，所述馈电缝隙口处的馈电可通过微带贴片小天线或L型单极子小天线替代。Preferably, the feeding at the opening of the feeding slot can be replaced by a small microstrip patch antenna or a small L-shaped monopole antenna.
优选的，所述支架包括两连接条及四个支撑脚，该两连接条分别固定于所述顶层介质板外周和底层介质板外周，该两连接条之间还设有连接板，该四个支撑脚一端与连接条固定连接，另一端固定于所述金属底板与金属侧板连接处(请确认或补充。Preferably, the bracket includes two connecting bars and four supporting feet, the two connecting bars are respectively fixed on the outer periphery of the top dielectric plate and the outer periphery of the bottom dielectric plate, a connecting plate is also provided between the two connecting bars, and the four One end of the support leg is fixedly connected with the connecting bar, and the other end is fixed at the joint between the metal bottom plate and the metal side plate (please confirm or supplement.
由上述对本发明的描述可知，与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明基于Fabry-Perot谐振器的原理，设计出可应用于微波毫米波波段的低剖面宽带高增益天线，带宽范围达到40％以上，带内增益为19-23dBi。本发明通过减小顶层介质板与底层介质板的尺寸，介质板的直径或边长约为1.3-2个最低工作频率波长，以降低该类天线在频率升高后，漏波相位在法向方向上出现的相位反相叠加的现象，改善因相位反相而出现的主瓣凹陷，增益降低的情况，使天线能进一步展宽带宽的同时，维持增益在一定的范围内平稳不变。Based on the principle of the Fabry-Perot resonator, the invention designs a low-profile broadband high-gain antenna applicable to microwave and millimeter wave bands, with a bandwidth range of more than 40% and an in-band gain of 19-23dBi. The present invention reduces the size of the top dielectric board and the bottom dielectric board, and the diameter or side length of the dielectric board is about 1.3-2 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency, so as to reduce the leakage wave phase in the normal direction after the frequency of this type of antenna is increased. The phenomenon of phase inversion and superposition in the direction improves the main lobe depression and gain reduction caused by phase inversion, so that the antenna can further widen the bandwidth while maintaining the gain within a certain range.
本发明满足现代天线尺寸小、结构简单、易于调试安装、性能稳定、易于集成化设计的要求，具有较好的市场应用前景。The invention satisfies the requirements of modern antennas with small size, simple structure, easy debugging and installation, stable performance and easy integrated design, and has good market application prospect.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线的整体结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of double circular layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
图2是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线的整体结构侧视图；Fig. 2 is the side view of the overall structure of the circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna with double circular layers of the present invention;
图3是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线中的喇叭型金属底板和金属侧板的俯视图；Fig. 3 is the top view of the horn-shaped metal bottom plate and the metal side plate in the circular horn-shaped broadband high-gain antenna of the double circular layer of the present invention;
图4是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线中支架仰视图；Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the bracket in the double-circular layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
图5是本发明双矩形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线立体结构图；Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a double-rectangular-layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
图6是本发明双圆形层矩形喇叭型宽带高增益天线立体结构图；Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a rectangular horn type broadband high-gain antenna with double circular layers of the present invention;
图7是本发明双矩形层矩形喇叭型宽带高增益天线立体结构图；Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a rectangular horn type broadband high-gain antenna with double rectangular layers in the present invention;
图8是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线实例仿真的反射系数示意图；Fig. 8 is the reflection coefficient schematic diagram of the embodiment simulation of double-circular layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
图9是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线实例仿真的增益示意图；Fig. 9 is the gain schematic diagram of the example simulation of double-circular layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
图10是本发明双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线实例仿真得到的30GHz、35GHz、40GHz、44GHz的E面方向图；Fig. 10 is the E plane pattern of 30GHz, 35GHz, 40GHz, 44GHz obtained by the example simulation of double circular layer circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention;
其中：1为金属侧板，2为支架，3为馈电缝隙口，4为顶层介质板，5为第一底层介质板，6为第二底层介质板，7为馈电波导，8为金属底板。Among them: 1 is the metal side plate, 2 is the bracket, 3 is the feed slot opening, 4 is the top dielectric board, 5 is the first bottom dielectric board, 6 is the second bottom dielectric board, 7 is the feed waveguide, 8 is the metal bottom plate.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.
参照附图1至图7，本发明一种喇叭型低剖面宽带高增益天线，其结构类似于抛物面反射面天线，包括：金属侧板1、金属底板8、支架2、馈电缝隙口3、馈电波导7、顶层介质板4和底层介质板。该金属侧板1底边与金属底板8外周边相连构成喇叭状。该顶层介质板4和底层介质板由支架2支承固定于金属底板8上方，支架2为金属支架包括两连接条及四个支撑脚，该两连接条分别固定于顶层介质板4外周和底层介质板外周，该两连接条之间还设有连接板，该四个支撑脚一端与连接条固定连接，另一端固定于所述金属底板8与金属侧板1连接处。在金属底板8中间还开有一定大小的馈电缝隙口3，该馈电缝隙口3正对底层介质板的底面。该馈电波导7通过馈电缝隙口3耦合给天线馈电，该馈电缝隙口3设有金属膜片以进行阻抗匹配。馈电缝隙口3处的馈电还可通过微带贴片小天线或L型单极子小天线替代。With reference to accompanying drawing 1 to Fig. 7, a kind of horn-type low-profile broadband high-gain antenna of the present invention, its structure is similar to parabolic reflector antenna, comprises: metal side plate 1, metal bottom plate 8, support 2, feeding slot mouth 3, Feed waveguide 7, top dielectric board 4 and bottom dielectric board. The bottom edge of the metal side plate 1 is connected with the outer periphery of the metal bottom plate 8 to form a trumpet shape. The top dielectric board 4 and the bottom dielectric board are supported and fixed above the metal bottom plate 8 by the bracket 2, the bracket 2 is a metal bracket including two connecting bars and four supporting feet, and the two connecting bars are respectively fixed on the outer periphery of the top layer dielectric board 4 and the bottom dielectric board. On the periphery of the board, a connecting plate is also arranged between the two connecting bars. One end of the four supporting legs is fixedly connected with the connecting bar, and the other end is fixed at the joint between the metal bottom plate 8 and the metal side plate 1 . There is also a feeding slot 3 of a certain size in the middle of the metal bottom plate 8, and the feeding slot 3 faces the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric board. The feeding waveguide 7 is coupled to feed the antenna through the feeding slot 3, and the feeding slot 3 is provided with a metal diaphragm for impedance matching. The feed at the feeding slot opening 3 can also be replaced by a small microstrip patch antenna or a small L-shaped monopole antenna.
该顶层介质板4为单层构成或至少两层介质板无间距叠加构成，该底层介质板也为单层构成或至少两层介质板无间距叠加构成，且顶层介质板4和由多个介质板构成的底层介质板之间的介电常数可相同或不同。对于由多层介质板无间距叠加构成的顶层介质板4，其多层介质板均为同一尺寸；对于由多层介质板无间距叠加构成的底层介质板，其多层介质板也均为同一尺寸，且顶层介质板4的尺寸等于或大于底层介质板尺寸，顶层介质板4和底层介质板的直径或边长为最低工作频率波长的1.3-2.0倍，如此可进一步拓展Fabry-Perot谐振腔天线的工作带宽。另外，顶层介质板4底面距离底层介质板的顶面高度小于最低工作频率的四分之一波长，该顶层介质板4与底层介质板之间填充有空气或泡沫材料。The top layer dielectric board 4 is composed of a single layer or at least two layers of dielectric boards are stacked without spacing, the bottom layer of dielectric board is also formed of a single layer or at least two layers of dielectric boards are stacked without spacing, and the top layer of dielectric board 4 is composed of a plurality of dielectric boards. The dielectric constants of the underlying dielectric plates formed by the plates may be the same or different. For the top dielectric board 4 composed of multi-layer dielectric boards superimposed without spacing, the multi-layer dielectric boards are all of the same size; size, and the size of the top dielectric plate 4 is equal to or greater than the size of the bottom dielectric plate, the diameter or side length of the top dielectric plate 4 and the bottom dielectric plate is 1.3-2.0 times the minimum operating frequency wavelength, so that the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity can be further expanded The operating bandwidth of the antenna. In addition, the height between the bottom surface of the top dielectric board 4 and the top surface of the bottom dielectric board is less than a quarter wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and air or foam material is filled between the top dielectric board 4 and the bottom dielectric board.
金属底板8可为圆形或矩形，且与金属侧板1构成圆喇叭结构或矩喇叭结构以增加天线的增益。另外，底层介质板底面与金属反射平板顶面的间距小于最低工作频率的二分之一波长，金属底板8顶面与底层介质板底面之间填充有空气或泡沫材料。金属底板8和金属侧板1构成的喇叭状的高度，以及顶层介质板4上表面距金属底板8的距离，均为最低工作频率波长的1-1.5倍。金属底板的半径在1.5-2个最低工作频率波长时，可以使天线增益达到最佳效果。The metal bottom plate 8 can be circular or rectangular, and forms a circular horn structure or a rectangular horn structure with the metal side plate 1 to increase the gain of the antenna. In addition, the distance between the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric plate and the top surface of the metal reflective plate is less than half the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency, and the space between the top surface of the metal bottom plate 8 and the bottom surface of the bottom dielectric plate is filled with air or foam material. The height of the trumpet shape formed by the metal bottom plate 8 and the metal side plate 1, and the distance between the upper surface of the top dielectric plate 4 and the metal bottom plate 8 are 1-1.5 times of the wavelength of the lowest operating frequency. When the radius of the metal base plate is 1.5-2 wavelengths of the lowest operating frequency, the antenna gain can achieve the best effect.
参照图2，为本发明的具体实施例一，为双圆形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线即金属底板8、顶层介质板4和底层介质板均为圆形。其天线总体高度H＝11.5mm(约为最低工作频率30GHz的1.15λ)，其中顶层介质板4底面距离金属底板8的高度为h4＝10.045mm(约1λ)，直径取值为R1＝19mm,介质板采用的是ARLONAD1000L05055，介电常数为10.2-10.5，厚度(h3)为1.27mm；顶层介质板4和底层介质板5之间的空气距离h2＝2.6mm。底层介质板由两层介质板无间距堆叠构成，包括第一底层介质板5和第二底层介质板6，采用的分别是ARLONCLTE-XT04011(介电常数为2.94，厚度为1.04mm)和ARLONAD1000L02511(介电常数为10.2-10.5，厚度为0.635mm)，其中第一底层介质板5采用ARLONCLTE-XT04011在上，第二底层介质板6采用AD1000L02511在下，该两底层介质板直径R2为13.5mm。第二底层介质板6则与第一底层介质板5无缝紧贴一起，第二底层介质板6底面距离金属底板8高度h1＝4.6mm，第二底层介质板6的尺寸大小与第一底层介质板5一致。With reference to Fig. 2, be the specific embodiment one of the present invention, be the circular horn type broadband high-gain antenna of double circular layer namely metal bottom plate 8, top layer dielectric plate 4 and bottom layer dielectric plate are all circular. The overall height of the antenna is H=11.5mm (about 1.15λ of the lowest operating frequency of 30GHz), wherein the height of the bottom surface of the top dielectric plate 4 from the metal base plate 8 is h4=10.045mm (about 1λ), and the diameter is R1=19mm, The dielectric board is ARLONAD1000L05055 with a dielectric constant of 10.2-10.5 and a thickness (h3) of 1.27mm; the air distance between the top dielectric board 4 and the bottom dielectric board 5 is h2=2.6mm. The bottom dielectric board is composed of two layers of dielectric boards stacked without spacing, including the first bottom dielectric board 5 and the second bottom dielectric board 6, which are ARLONCLTE-XT04011 (dielectric constant 2.94, thickness 1.04mm) and ARLONAD1000L02511 ( The dielectric constant is 10.2-10.5, and the thickness is 0.635mm), wherein the first bottom dielectric board 5 adopts ARLONCLTE-XT04011 on top, and the second bottom dielectric board 6 adopts AD1000L02511 on the bottom, and the diameter R2 of the two bottom dielectric boards is 13.5mm. The second bottom dielectric board 6 is seamlessly attached to the first bottom dielectric board 5, and the bottom surface of the second bottom dielectric board 6 is at a height of h1=4.6mm from the metal base plate 8. The size of the second bottom dielectric board 6 is the same as that of the first bottom dielectric board. The dielectric board 5 is consistent.
图3为图2实施例的喇叭型金属底板8和金属侧部的俯视图，中间的馈电缝隙口3长为Ld＝4mm，宽为Wd＝2mm。圆形金属底板8的直径Rs＝28mm，金属侧板1上端围成的外圆径直径为R＝47.4mm。馈电波导7采用标准WG28矩形波导，波导内径为7.112mm×3.556mm。馈电方式也可以用同效果的贴片天线和电小天线等代替。图4直观显示了金属支架的整体结构。Fig. 3 is a top view of the trumpet-shaped metal bottom plate 8 and the metal side of the embodiment in Fig. 2, the feed slot 3 in the middle has a length of Ld=4mm and a width of Wd=2mm. The diameter of the circular metal bottom plate 8 is Rs=28mm, and the diameter of the outer circle surrounded by the upper end of the metal side plate 1 is R=47.4mm. The feeding waveguide 7 adopts a standard WG28 rectangular waveguide, and the inner diameter of the waveguide is 7.112mm×3.556mm. The feeding method can also be replaced by patch antennas and electric small antennas with the same effect. Figure 4 visually shows the overall structure of the metal stent.
本发明涉及的Fabry-Perot谐振腔天线由多层悬置的介质板、由圆形或矩形喇叭型金属底板8和金属侧板1构成的反射板和馈电波导7组成。根据Fabry-Perot谐振器的原理，通过适当选取悬置介质板的高度和介质参数，当馈电波导7由金属底板8上的馈电缝隙口3向天线馈电时，能使底层介质板的反射相位随特定工作频率的升高而上升，使得谐振器能在所需较宽频段内产生谐振或处于谐振状态；当馈电波导7由金属底板8的馈电缝隙口3向天线馈电时，就能在较宽的频率范围内使天线产生高增益。The Fabry-Perot resonator antenna involved in the present invention is composed of a multi-layer suspended dielectric plate, a reflector composed of a circular or rectangular horn-shaped metal base plate 8 and a metal side plate 1, and a feed waveguide 7. According to the principle of the Fabry-Perot resonator, by properly selecting the height and dielectric parameters of the suspended dielectric plate, when the feed waveguide 7 is fed to the antenna by the feed slot 3 on the metal base plate 8, the bottom dielectric plate can be The reflection phase increases with the increase of the specific operating frequency, so that the resonator can resonate or be in a resonant state in the required wide frequency band; when the feed waveguide 7 is fed to the antenna by the feed slot 3 of the metal base plate 8 , the antenna can produce high gain in a wide frequency range.
本发明提供的毫米波宽带高增益天线实例的工作带宽在S11<-10dB为30-45GHz，相对带宽达到40％，带内增益19-23dBi。具体原理如下：馈电波导7通过金属底板8的馈电缝隙口3耦合辐射电磁波，电磁波在顶层介质板4和底层介质板5与金属底板8之间构成的谐振腔内经过多次反射和传输，能量从就顶层介质板4上表面和谐振腔腔体外沿开口向空间辐射。如此，工作频段内的顶层介质板4表面传输的漏波信号在天线的法向方向同相叠加，形成高增益；而构成喇叭型的金属侧板1进一步把谐振腔体外沿开口辐射的电磁波反射集中于天线法向方向，增大天线的增益。The working bandwidth of the millimeter-wave broadband high-gain antenna example provided by the present invention is 30-45GHz at S11<-10dB, the relative bandwidth reaches 40%, and the in-band gain is 19-23dBi. The specific principle is as follows: the feeding waveguide 7 couples and radiates electromagnetic waves through the feeding slot 3 of the metal base plate 8, and the electromagnetic waves undergo multiple reflections and transmissions in the resonant cavity formed between the top dielectric plate 4 and the bottom dielectric plate 5 and the metal base plate 8 , the energy radiates from the upper surface of the top dielectric plate 4 and the outside of the resonant cavity along the opening to the space. In this way, the leaky wave signals transmitted on the surface of the top dielectric plate 4 in the working frequency band are superimposed in phase in the normal direction of the antenna to form a high gain; and the horn-shaped metal side plate 1 further concentrates the reflection of electromagnetic waves radiated along the opening outside the resonant cavity In the normal direction of the antenna, the gain of the antenna is increased.
本发明通过减小顶层介质板4与底层介质板的尺寸，将两层的介质板的直径或边长设为约为1.3-2个波长，以降低该类天线在频率升高后，漏波相位在法向方向上出现的相位反相叠加的现象，改善因相位反相而出现的主瓣凹陷，增益降低的情况，使天线能进一步展宽带宽的同时，维持增益在一定的范围内平稳不变。进一步加入金属侧板1，使原Fabry-Perot谐振天线增益提高约3dB。In the present invention, by reducing the size of the top dielectric board 4 and the bottom dielectric board, the diameter or side length of the two-layer dielectric board is set to about 1.3-2 wavelengths, so as to reduce the leakage wave of this type of antenna after the frequency is increased. The phenomenon of phase inversion and superposition of the phase in the normal direction can improve the main lobe depression and gain reduction caused by phase inversion, so that the antenna can further widen the bandwidth while maintaining the gain within a certain range. Change. The metal side plate 1 is further added to increase the gain of the original Fabry-Perot resonant antenna by about 3dB.
图8为本发明针对图2实施例的仿真反射系数曲线，可以观察本发明天线在频率30GHz-45GHz范围内反射系数S11都维持在小于-10dB之下，相对带宽大于40％，实现天线工作频带宽的特点。Fig. 8 is the simulation reflection coefficient curve of the present invention for the embodiment of Fig. 2, it can be observed that the reflection coefficient S11 of the antenna of the present invention is maintained at less than -10dB in the frequency range of 30GHz-45GHz, and the relative bandwidth is greater than 40%, realizing the antenna operation The characteristics of frequency bandwidth.
图9为本发明针对图2天线的仿真增益曲线，在工作频段范围内，天线的增益为20-23dBi。FIG. 9 is a simulation gain curve of the antenna in FIG. 2 according to the present invention, and the gain of the antenna is 20-23dBi within the working frequency range.
图10为本发明针对图2实施例天线在30GHz、35GHz和40GHz的E面方向图，可观察出天线在工作频率范围内方向图基本保持一致。Fig. 10 is the E plane pattern of the antenna of the embodiment of Fig. 2 at 30 GHz, 35 GHz and 40 GHz according to the present invention. It can be observed that the pattern of the antenna is basically consistent within the operating frequency range.
图5至图6分别为本发明的其他实施例的天线结构，其主要结构与图2实施例相同，也包括第一底层介质板5和第二底层介质板6，区别在于图5为双矩形层圆喇叭型宽带高增益天线(即金属底板8为圆形，顶层介质板4和底层介质板均为矩形)；图6为双圆形层矩形喇叭型宽带高增益天线(顶层介质板4和底层介质板为圆形，金属底板8为矩形)；图7为双矩形层矩形喇叭型宽带高增益天线(金属底板8、顶层介质板4和底层介质板均为矩形)。Figures 5 to 6 are antenna structures of other embodiments of the present invention, the main structure of which is the same as that of the embodiment in Figure 2, and also includes a first bottom dielectric plate 5 and a second bottom dielectric plate 6, the difference being that Figure 5 is a double rectangle Layer round horn-type broadband high-gain antenna (that is, the metal base plate 8 is circular, and the top layer dielectric plate 4 and the bottom layer dielectric plate are rectangular); Fig. 6 is a double circular layer rectangular horn type broadband high-gain antenna (top layer dielectric plate 4 and The bottom dielectric plate is circular, and the metal bottom plate 8 is a rectangle); FIG. 7 is a double rectangular horn-type broadband high-gain antenna (the metal bottom plate 8, the top layer dielectric plate 4 and the bottom dielectric plate are all rectangular).
虽然本发明天线的顶层介质板4或底层介质板均可由单层或多层不同的介质板无间距堆叠构成。但本发明列举天线的说明和实例都是基于两层由空气分隔开的介质板的结构来进行的。需要强调的是，这不构成对本发明天线的限制。单层或者三层介质板甚至更多层具有空气或泡沫间隔的介质板结构的同类天线，每层介质板可由单层或多层不同的介质板无间距堆叠构成，同样在本发明申请的保护之内。Although the top layer dielectric plate 4 or the bottom layer dielectric plate of the antenna of the present invention can be formed by stacking a single layer or multiple layers of different dielectric plates without spacing. However, the description and examples of the antenna in the present invention are all based on the structure of two dielectric plates separated by air. It should be emphasized that this does not constitute a limitation to the antenna of the present invention. Single-layer or three-layer dielectric boards or even more similar antennas with air or foam spaced dielectric board structures, each layer of dielectric boards can be composed of single-layer or multiple layers of different dielectric boards stacked without spacing, and are also protected under the protection of the present application within.
上述仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any non-substantial changes made to the present invention by using this concept should be an act of violating the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410263509.5ACN104037504B (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | A kind of trumpet type low section wide band high-gain antenna |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410263509.5ACN104037504B (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | A kind of trumpet type low section wide band high-gain antenna |
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| CN104037504A CN104037504A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| CN104037504Btrue CN104037504B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN201410263509.5AActiveCN104037504B (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2014-06-13 | A kind of trumpet type low section wide band high-gain antenna |
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