技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种教学仪器，特别是一种尺读望远镜示教仪。The invention relates to a teaching instrument, in particular to a ruler-reading telescope teaching instrument.
背景技术Background technique
尺读望远镜是实验和工程测量中常用的光学仪器，望远镜的调节是一项重要的操作技术，该技术是许多实验课尤其是物理实验课中的重要教学内容。然而在教学过程中，每台望远镜只能供一个人观看，教师在操作示范时学生看不到镜筒内的视场变化，导致学生在实验过程中对观察到的现象不能准确辨别，教学效果不理想。The ruler-reading telescope is an optical instrument commonly used in experiments and engineering measurements. The adjustment of the telescope is an important operation technique. This technique is an important teaching content in many experimental courses, especially in physics experiment courses. However, during the teaching process, each telescope can only be viewed by one person, and the students cannot see the change of the field of view in the lens barrel when the teacher operates the demonstration, which leads to the inability of the students to accurately distinguish the observed phenomena during the experiment. not ideal.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种尺读望远镜示教仪，该示教仪可将望远镜视场中的图像通过摄像装置实时传输到显示装置进行显示，供多人同时观看。Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a ruler-reading telescope teaching instrument, which can transmit the image in the field of view of the telescope to the display device for display in real time through the camera device, and can be used by multiple people at the same time. watch.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是提供一种尺读望远镜示教仪，其中：该示教仪包括尺读望远镜、支架、摄像装置、电源变压器、信号线、显示装置；将所述支架前部固定在尺读望远镜的镜筒上，能随镜筒的升降、俯仰和旋转同步运动；摄像装置安装于支架后部，摄像装置与电源变压器相连，摄像装置通过数据线与显示装置相连，摄像装置的视频信号传输到显示装置中。In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is to provide a chi-reading telescope teaching instrument, wherein: the teaching instrument includes a chi-reading telescope, a support, a camera, a power transformer, a signal line, and a display device; The front part of the bracket is fixed on the lens barrel of the ruler-reading telescope, and can move synchronously with the lifting, pitching and rotation of the lens barrel; the camera device is installed at the rear of the bracket, and the camera device is connected to the power transformer, and the camera device is connected to the display device through a data cable , the video signal of the camera device is transmitted to the display device.
本发明的效果是：Effect of the present invention is:
(1)能将望远镜中仅供一个人观看的图像实时显示在屏幕上，供多人观看，适用于教学讲解。(1) The image in the telescope that can only be viewed by one person can be displayed on the screen in real time for multiple people to watch, which is suitable for teaching and explanation.
(2)摄像装置与望远镜镜筒相对位置可以固定，使摄像装置随镜筒移动和旋转。(2) The relative position of the camera device and the lens barrel of the telescope can be fixed, so that the camera device can move and rotate with the lens barrel.
(3)支架可对摄像装置的前后、左右、高低位置和拍摄角度进行调节，保证摄像装置可以调节到实验者需要的位置和角度。(3) The bracket can adjust the front and rear, left and right, high and low positions and shooting angles of the camera device to ensure that the camera device can be adjusted to the position and angle required by the experimenter.
(4)可根据现有显示装置的模拟或数字不同类型，来选择摄像机和数据线的类型，节约成本。(4) The types of cameras and data lines can be selected according to different types of analog or digital types of existing display devices, saving costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明示教仪的侧视图(摄像装置在中间位置)；Fig. 1 is a side view of the teaching pendant of the present invention (camera is in the middle position);
图2是本发明示教仪的侧视图(摄像装置在上部，用准星瞄准状态)；Fig. 2 is a side view of the teaching pendant of the present invention (camera is at the top, aiming at the state with the front sight);
图3是本发明示教仪的顶视图(摄像装置在中间位置)；Fig. 3 is the top view of the teaching pendant of the present invention (camera is in the middle position);
图4是本发明示教仪的顶视图(摄像装置在左侧位置)；Fig. 4 is the top view of the teaching pendant of the present invention (camera is on the left side);
图5是本发明示教仪的顶视图(摄像装置在右侧位置)；Fig. 5 is a top view of the teaching pendant of the present invention (camera is on the right side);
图6是本发明示教仪的摄像装置可调节位置图。Fig. 6 is an adjustable position diagram of the camera device of the teaching pendant of the present invention.
图中：In the picture:
1.望远镜 2.支架 3.摄像装置4.电源变压器1. Telescope 2. Bracket 3. Camera device 4. Power transformer
5.数据线 6.显示装置 7.准星5. Data cable 6. Display device 7. Front sight
8.拍摄望远镜中的视场时正对望远镜目镜摄像装置的位置8. The position of the camera device facing the telescope eyepiece when shooting the field of view in the telescope
9.通过准星进行瞄准时处在镜筒上边摄像装置的位置9. When aiming through the front sight, it is at the position of the camera device on the top of the lens barrel
10.校准反射镜的俯仰角度时处在镜筒左侧摄像装置的位置10. When calibrating the pitch angle of the mirror, it is at the position of the camera device on the left side of the lens barrel
11.校准反射镜的俯仰角度时处在镜筒右侧摄像装置的位置11. When calibrating the pitch angle of the mirror, it is at the position of the camera device on the right side of the lens barrel
具体实施方式Detailed ways
结合附图对本发明的尺读望远镜示教仪结构加以说明。The structure of the ruler-reading telescope teaching instrument of the present invention is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的尺读望远镜示教仪结构是，该示教仪包括尺读望远镜1、支架2、摄像装置3、电源变压器4、信号线5、显示装置6；将所述支架2前部固定在尺读望远镜1的镜筒上，能随镜筒的升降、俯仰和旋转同步运动；摄像装置3安装于支架2后部，摄像装置3与电源变压器4相连，摄像装置3通过数据线5与显示装置6相连，摄像装置3的视频信号传输到显示装置6中。The structure of the chi-reading telescope teaching instrument of the present invention is that the teaching instrument comprises a chi-reading telescope 1, a support 2, a camera 3, a power transformer 4, a signal line 5, and a display device 6; the front portion of the support 2 is fixed on The lens barrel of the ruler reading telescope 1 can move synchronously with the lifting, pitching and rotation of the lens barrel; the camera device 3 is installed on the rear of the bracket 2, the camera device 3 is connected with the power transformer 4, and the camera device 3 is connected to the display through the data line 5 The device 6 is connected, and the video signal of the camera device 3 is transmitted to the display device 6 .
所述摄像装置3为模拟式，采用模拟信号摄像机加镜头作为摄像装置，以同轴电缆作为数据线传输信号，采用带有视频信号输入端口的电视或显示器作为显示装置；所述摄像装置3为数字式，采用USB接口数字摄像机作为摄像装置，采用USB线作为数据线传输信号，采用计算机接收信号，通过计算机屏幕显示图像。所述摄像装置3的镜头视角在25至50度，以确保望远镜1中的视场在显示装置6上满屏或接近满屏清晰显示。Described camera device 3 is analog type, adopts analog signal camera to add camera lens as camera device, uses coaxial cable as data line transmission signal, adopts the TV or monitor that has video signal input port as display device; Described camera device 3 is Digital, using a USB interface digital camera as a camera device, using a USB cable as a data cable to transmit signals, using a computer to receive signals, and displaying images on the computer screen. The lens angle of view of the camera device 3 is 25 to 50 degrees, so as to ensure that the field of view in the telescope 1 is clearly displayed on the display device 6 in a full screen or close to a full screen.
所述支架2通过顶丝固定在望远镜1的镜筒上，支架2将望远镜1的镜筒和摄像装置3固定后，支架2、摄像装置3与望远镜1的镜筒同步移动。通过所述支架2上的水平梁和竖直柱可调节摄像装置3前后、左右和上下移动，固定在需要的位置。所述支架2固定在尺读望远镜1的镜筒上端有开口，使摄像装置3处于上部位置时能够观察到尺读望远镜1的镜筒后端进行瞄准的准星。通过所述支架2将摄像装置3相对望远镜1的位置在三维方向上进行调节并固定：以摄像装置3的镜头正对望远镜1的目镜并恰好接触时为中心点，前后调节范围不小于±2cm，以适应望远镜1的镜头角度和焦距；左右调节范围不小于±10cm，用于在望远镜1的两侧拍摄；向上调节范围不小于5cm，用于通过准星拍摄瞄准过程；向下调节范围不小于1cm，用于微调摄像装置；所述摄像装置3绕支架2的竖直柱固定在任意角度，摄像装置3的俯仰角度均可以在-90——+90度角之间调节。Described support 2 is fixed on the lens barrel of telescope 1 by jackscrew, and after support 2 fixes the lens barrel of telescope 1 and camera 3, support 2, camera 3 and the lens barrel of telescope 1 move synchronously. The camera device 3 can be adjusted to move back and forth, left and right, and up and down through the horizontal beams and vertical columns on the support 2, and be fixed at a desired position. The support 2 is fixed on the upper end of the lens barrel of the ruler-reading telescope 1 and has an opening, so that when the camera device 3 is in the upper position, the front sight for aiming at the rear end of the lens barrel of the ruler-reading telescope 1 can be observed. The position of the camera device 3 relative to the telescope 1 is adjusted and fixed in the three-dimensional direction through the bracket 2: when the lens of the camera device 3 faces the eyepiece of the telescope 1 and just touches it as the center point, the front and rear adjustment range is not less than ±2cm , to adapt to the lens angle and focal length of the telescope 1; the left and right adjustment range is not less than ±10cm, used for shooting on both sides of the telescope 1; the upward adjustment range is not less than 5cm, used for shooting and aiming through the front sight; the downward adjustment range is not less than 1cm, used for fine-tuning the camera device; the camera device 3 is fixed at any angle around the vertical column of the support 2, and the pitch angle of the camera device 3 can be adjusted between -90-+90 degree angles.
所述摄像装置3的镜头视角在25至50度，以确保望远镜3中的视场在显示装置6上满屏或接近满屏清晰显示。The lens angle of view of the camera device 3 is 25 to 50 degrees to ensure that the field of view in the telescope 3 is clearly displayed on the display device 6 in a full screen or close to a full screen.
本发明尺读望远镜示教仪在教学中可以从操作者的视角将教师观察到的现象实时、直观地展示给全班学生，提高教学效果。The ruler-reading telescope teaching instrument of the present invention can display the phenomenon observed by the teacher to the whole class in real time and intuitively from the perspective of the operator during teaching, so as to improve the teaching effect.
本发明的尺读望远镜示教仪基本操作步骤：Basic operation steps of the ruler-reading telescope teaching instrument of the present invention:
调节光路时，松开支架2的螺丝，将摄像装置3移动到教师眼睛观察的位置和角度，然后再锁紧支架螺丝。根据被摄物体的距离适当调节镜头焦距以清晰对焦。调节光路过程中，教师观察到的现象都会显示在屏幕上。比如，粗调光杠杆平面镜法线水平时，可将摄像装置3放在图4、图6中的校准反射镜的俯仰角度时处在镜筒左侧摄像装置的位置10或图5、图6中的校准反射镜的俯仰角度时处在镜筒右侧摄像装置的位置11，摄像装置3的镜头对平面镜中的望远镜的像对焦，操作者观看屏幕来调节平面镜的俯仰角度；粗调望远镜的水平位置和方向时，可将摄像装置3放在上部的位置图2，图6中的通过准星进行瞄准时处在镜筒上边摄像装置的位置9，操作者在屏幕上通过准星7、平面镜、标尺的像进行瞄准；细调和测量时，可将摄像装置3正对望远镜的目镜图1、图6中的拍摄望远镜中的视场时正对望远镜目镜摄像装置的位置8，摄像装置3的镜头对叉丝对焦，操作者观看屏幕来调节叉丝清晰、标尺刻度清晰以及进行测量。When adjusting the optical path, loosen the screws of the bracket 2, move the camera device 3 to the position and angle observed by the teacher's eyes, and then tighten the bracket screws. Adjust the focal length of the lens appropriately according to the distance of the subject to focus clearly. During the process of adjusting the light path, the phenomena observed by the teacher will be displayed on the screen. For example, when the normal line of the coarse light adjustment lever plane mirror is horizontal, the camera device 3 can be placed at the position of the camera device on the left side of the lens barrel when the pitch angle of the calibration mirror in Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 is 10 or Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 When the pitch angle of the calibration reflector is in the position 11 of the camera on the right side of the lens barrel, the camera lens of the camera 3 focuses on the image of the telescope in the plane mirror, and the operator watches the screen to adjust the pitch angle of the plane mirror; During horizontal position and direction, camera device 3 can be placed on the position figure 2 of top, in Fig. 6 when aiming by front sight, be in the position 9 of camera device above the lens barrel, operator passes front sight 7, plane mirror, The image of the scale is aimed at; during fine adjustment and measurement, the camera device 3 can be directly facing the position 8 of the telescope eyepiece camera device when the field of view in the photographing telescope in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 of the telescope, the camera lens of the camera device 3 Focusing on the crosshairs, the operator watches the screen to adjust the crosshair clarity, scale clarity and take measurements.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410274287.7ACN104021714A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Scale reading telescope teaching instrument |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410274287.7ACN104021714A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Scale reading telescope teaching instrument |
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| CN104021714Atrue CN104021714A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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| CN201410274287.7APendingCN104021714A (en) | 2014-06-19 | 2014-06-19 | Scale reading telescope teaching instrument |
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