技术领域technical field
本发明属于生物医学工程技术领域，特别涉及一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵。The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to an implantable miniature antithrombotic axial blood pump.
背景技术Background technique
世界卫生组织统计显示，心血管疾病一直是威胁人类健康的第一杀手，占全球总死亡人数的30％左右，治疗终末期心衰的有效途径是心脏移植或采用植入式辅助人工心脏。虽然心脏移植已经获得很大成功，但心脏供体问题难以解决，研制长期可植入式微型血泵极为重要和迫切。现在临床应用的血泵主要以轴流泵为主，轴流泵的流量性能比离心泵好，可以提供较大的血流量。血泵内部的流场非常复杂，血泵的内部结构对血液的流动阻力和血泵的效率有很大影响，血细胞在血泵内相对较高剪应力环境下还会发生破裂造成溶血。由于有轴式轴流泵在前导叶与转子接触区及后导叶与转子接触区间隙的存在，导致间隙处有大量热量产生且剪应力较大，间隙处是凝血发生的主要部分，从而对患者的生命构成极大的威胁，因此一种能减少间隙处凝血的发生的轴流泵非常重要。Statistics from the World Health Organization show that cardiovascular disease has always been the number one killer threatening human health, accounting for about 30% of the total global deaths. The effective way to treat end-stage heart failure is heart transplantation or implanted auxiliary artificial heart. Although heart transplantation has achieved great success, the problem of heart donors is difficult to solve. It is extremely important and urgent to develop long-term implantable micro blood pumps. At present, the blood pumps in clinical application are mainly axial flow pumps. The flow performance of axial flow pumps is better than that of centrifugal pumps, and can provide greater blood flow. The flow field inside the blood pump is very complex. The internal structure of the blood pump has a great influence on the flow resistance of the blood and the efficiency of the blood pump. Blood cells will rupture and cause hemolysis under relatively high shear stress in the blood pump. Due to the existence of gaps in the contact area between the leading guide vane and the rotor and the contact area between the rear guide vane and the rotor of the shaft-type axial flow pump, a large amount of heat is generated in the gap and the shear stress is relatively large, and the gap is the main part of blood coagulation, so that The patient's life poses a great threat, so an axial flow pump that can reduce the occurrence of coagulation at the gap is very important.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵，一方面由于转子出口插入后导叶叶片缩短了血泵的整体尺寸；另一方面，由于后导叶叶片前半部分血液仍存在周向速度，故能保证血液冲刷间隙带走大量的热量，进而减小了血栓形成的概率，另外，后导叶叶片入口角可根据转速和流量进行设计，进而保证后导叶区域流场涡及流动滞止区的减少且能保证压降的提升。In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an implantable miniature anti-thrombotic axial flow blood pump. The blood in the front half of the rear guide vane still has a circumferential velocity, so it can ensure that a large amount of heat is taken away by the blood flushing the gap, thereby reducing the probability of thrombus formation. In addition, the inlet angle of the rear guide vane can be designed according to the rotation speed and flow rate. This ensures the reduction of flow field vortices and flow stagnation areas in the rear guide vane region and increases the pressure drop.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵，包括泵体和驱动线圈12，所述泵体包括套筒13，驱动线圈12设置在套筒13外，在套筒13内的前端部设置前导叶4，中部设置转子，尾端部设置后导叶6，所述转子包括一个与套筒13同轴的腔体5，腔体5靠近前导叶4的一端连接锥形结构一9的底部，靠近后导叶6的一端连接锥形结构二10的底部，锥形结构一9与锥形结构二10相对称，锥形结构一9的顶部通过半球结构一161支撑于前导叶4的尾端，锥形结构二10的顶部通过半球结构二162支撑于后导叶6的尾端，腔体5内中心部位设置与套筒13同轴的永磁体11。An implantable miniature antithrombotic axial blood pump, comprising a pump body and a drive coil 12, the pump body includes a sleeve 13, the drive coil 12 is arranged outside the sleeve 13, and a leading vane is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 13 4. The rotor is arranged in the middle, and the rear guide vane 6 is arranged at the tail end. The rotor includes a cavity 5 coaxial with the sleeve 13. The end of the cavity 5 near the front guide vane 4 is connected to the bottom of the conical structure-9, close to One end of the rear guide vane 6 is connected to the bottom of the conical structure two 10, the conical structure one 9 is symmetrical to the conical structure two 10, and the top of the conical structure one 9 is supported on the tail end of the leading guide vane 4 through the hemispherical structure one 161, The top of the conical structure 2 10 is supported on the tail end of the rear guide vane 6 through the hemispherical structure 2 162 , and the central part of the cavity 5 is provided with a permanent magnet 11 coaxial with the sleeve 13 .
所述前导叶4上设置有螺旋状的前导叶叶片1，后导叶6上设置有螺旋状的后导叶叶片3，腔体5的外部设置有转子叶片2。The front guide vane 4 is provided with a helical front guide vane blade 1 , the rear guide vane 6 is provided with a helical rear guide vane blade 3 , and the outside of the cavity 5 is provided with a rotor blade 2 .
所述半球结构一161由设置在锥形结构一9顶端的凸起半球一71和设置在前导叶4端的凹半球一81组成；所述半球结构二162由设置在锥形结构二10顶端的凸起半球二72和设置在后导叶6端的凹半球二82组成。The first hemispherical structure 161 is composed of a convex hemisphere 71 arranged at the top of the first conical structure 9 and a concave hemispherical first 81 arranged at the end of the leading vane 4; the second hemispherical structure 162 is composed of The convex hemisphere 2 72 is composed of the concave hemisphere 2 82 arranged at the end of the rear guide vane 6 .
所述凹半球一81和凹半球二82上均设置有小穴14，可减小安装与加工难度。Both the first concave hemisphere 81 and the second concave hemisphere 82 are provided with small holes 14, which can reduce the difficulty of installation and processing.
所述后导叶6与锥形结构二10之间有间隙15。There is a gap 15 between the rear guide vane 6 and the second cone structure 10 .
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点及突出性效果：①传统式轴流泵尺寸较大不易于人体使用而一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵的后导叶设计由于转子出口插入后导叶叶片缩短了血泵的整体尺寸；②传统轴流泵由于后后导叶与转子接触处的间隙容易对血细胞造成破坏及易形成凝血，一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵的后导叶设计由于后导叶叶片前半部分血液仍存在周向速度故能保证血液冲刷间隙带走大量的热量，进而减小了血栓形成的概率；③一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵的后导叶设计后导叶叶片入口角可根据转速和流量进行设计，进而保证后导叶区域流场涡及流动滞止区的减少且能保证压降的提升。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects: ①The size of the traditional axial flow pump is too large to be used by the human body, while the design of the rear guide vane of an implantable miniature antithrombotic axial flow pump is due to the rotor outlet The overall size of the blood pump is shortened by inserting the blades of the rear guide vane; ②The traditional axial flow pump is easy to damage blood cells and form coagulation due to the gap between the rear guide vane and the rotor. An implantable miniature anti-thrombotic axial flow blood pump The unique design of the rear guide vane, because the blood in the front half of the rear guide vane blade still has a circumferential velocity, it can ensure that the blood washes away a large amount of heat in the gap, thereby reducing the probability of thrombus formation; ③ An implantable miniature anti-thrombotic axial bleeding The design of the rear guide vane of the pump The inlet angle of the rear guide vane blade can be designed according to the speed and flow rate, so as to ensure the reduction of the flow field vortex and flow stagnation area in the rear guide vane area and the increase of the pressure drop.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵的后导叶设计的结构简图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the design of the rear guide vane of an implantable miniature anti-thrombotic axial blood pump provided by the present invention.
图2为泵体部分的结构图。Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the pump body.
图3为泵体的前导叶结构图。Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the leading vane of the pump body.
图4为泵体的后导叶结构图。Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the rear guide vane of the pump body.
图5为泵体的转子的部分结构图。Fig. 5 is a partial structural view of the rotor of the pump body.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例详细说明本发明的实施方式。The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.
如图1所示，一种植入式微型抗血栓轴流血泵，包括泵体和驱动线圈12，泵体包括套筒13，驱动线圈12设置在套筒13外，采用硅钢片电磁线圈，通过控制器控制线圈内的电流大小和方向产生交变磁场驱动转子旋转，转速可以达到11000－13000转/分，从而可以产生100－120mmHg的压差，驱动血液进行循环流动。As shown in Figure 1, an implantable miniature antithrombotic axial blood pump includes a pump body and a drive coil 12, the pump body includes a sleeve 13, the drive coil 12 is arranged outside the sleeve 13, and a silicon steel electromagnetic coil is used. The controller controls the magnitude and direction of the current in the coil to generate an alternating magnetic field to drive the rotor to rotate, and the speed can reach 11000-13000 rpm, so that a pressure difference of 100-120mmHg can be generated to drive the blood to circulate.
泵体结构如图2所示，套筒13采用圆柱形，其内部前端部设置起导流作用的前导叶4，中部设置转子，尾端部设置后导叶6。如图3所示，前导叶4上设置有螺旋状的前导叶叶片1。如图4所示，后导叶6上设置有螺旋状的后导叶叶片3，腔体5的外部设置有转子叶片2。The structure of the pump body is shown in Figure 2. The sleeve 13 adopts a cylindrical shape. The front end of the sleeve is provided with a leading guide vane 4 for guiding the flow, the rotor is provided in the middle, and the rear guide vane 6 is provided at the rear end. As shown in FIG. 3 , a helical leading vane blade 1 is provided on the leading vane 4 . As shown in FIG. 4 , a helical rear guide vane blade 3 is arranged on the rear guide vane 6 , and a rotor blade 2 is arranged outside the cavity 5 .
如图5所示，转子包括一个与套筒13同轴的腔体5，腔体5靠近前导叶4的一端连接锥形结构一9的底部，靠近后导叶6的一端连接锥形结构二10的底部，锥形结构一9与锥形结构二10相对称，锥形结构一9的顶部通过半球结构一161支撑于前导叶4的尾端，锥形结构二10的顶部通过半球结构二162支撑于后导叶6的尾端，半球结构一161由设置在锥形结构一9顶端的凸起半球一71和设置在前导叶4端的凹半球一81组成；所述半球结构二162由设置在锥形结构二10顶端的凸起半球二72和设置在后导叶6端的凹半球二82组成。凹半球一81和凹半球二82上均设置有小穴14，由于小穴14的存在能承受前后导叶与转子轴线一定程度的偏离，故可进一步减小加工与安装难度。As shown in Figure 5, the rotor includes a cavity 5 coaxial with the sleeve 13, one end of the cavity 5 near the leading vane 4 is connected to the bottom of the conical structure one 9, and one end close to the rear guide vane 6 is connected to the conical structure two At the bottom of 10, the conical structure one 9 is symmetrical to the conical structure two 10, the top of the conical structure one 9 is supported on the tail end of the leading vane 4 through the hemispherical structure one 161, and the top of the conical structure two 10 is supported by the hemispherical structure two 162 is supported on the tail end of the rear guide vane 6, and the hemispherical structure 161 is composed of a convex hemisphere 71 arranged at the top of the conical structure 9 and a concave hemisphere 81 arranged at the end of the leading vane 4; the hemispherical structure 162 is composed of The convex hemisphere 2 72 arranged at the top of the conical structure 2 10 is composed of the concave hemisphere 2 82 arranged at the end of the rear guide vane 6 . Both concave hemisphere 1 81 and concave hemisphere 2 82 are provided with a small hole 14, because the existence of the small hole 14 can withstand a certain degree of deviation between the front and rear guide vanes and the rotor axis, so the difficulty of processing and installation can be further reduced.
前导叶4和后导叶6均固定在套筒13的内部，后导叶6与锥形结构二10之间有间隙15。腔体5内中心部位设置与套筒13同轴的永磁体11，泵体内其余部件均为不导磁材料，如钛合金，因为钛合金不导磁，因此可以获得较大的传输扭矩，而且钛合金质量轻并具有很好的生物相容性。Both the front guide vane 4 and the rear guide vane 6 are fixed inside the sleeve 13, and there is a gap 15 between the rear guide vane 6 and the second conical structure 10. The central part of the cavity 5 is provided with a permanent magnet 11 coaxial with the sleeve 13, and the rest of the components in the pump body are non-magnetic materials, such as titanium alloys. Because titanium alloys are non-magnetic, a larger transmission torque can be obtained, and Titanium alloys are light in weight and have good biocompatibility.
后导叶的设计缩减了泵体的整体尺寸且使血液具有周向速度冲刷间隙处，易带走大量的热量减弱了凝血形成的概率；且后导叶叶片入口角度可根据转子的转速和流量进行调整保证流场涡及流动滞止区较少，进而减小血细胞的破坏及血栓形成的概率。The design of the rear guide vane reduces the overall size of the pump body and enables the blood to flush the gap with a circumferential velocity, which easily takes away a large amount of heat and reduces the probability of blood coagulation; and the inlet angle of the rear guide vane can be adjusted according to the rotor speed and flow rate Adjustments are made to ensure that there are fewer flow field vortices and flow stagnation areas, thereby reducing the damage of blood cells and the probability of thrombus formation.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410251382.5ACN103977463A (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | Implanted miniature antithrombus axial blood pump |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410251382.5ACN103977463A (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | Implanted miniature antithrombus axial blood pump |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103977463Atrue CN103977463A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410251382.5APendingCN103977463A (en) | 2014-06-06 | 2014-06-06 | Implanted miniature antithrombus axial blood pump |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103977463A (en) |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | Application publication date:20140813 |