Summary of the invention
For overcoming the problem existing in correlation technique, the disclosure provides a kind of method and device that sends information.
According to the first aspect of disclosure embodiment, a kind of method that sends information is provided, comprising:
Receive user's operating gesture;
According to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture.
The technical scheme that embodiment of the present disclosure provides can comprise following beneficial effect: by presetting the corresponding relation of good friend and user's operating gesture, frequent contact and operating gesture are connected, without by selecting good friend interface to select good friend, make user send instant messages more convenient.
Optionally, before described reception user's operating gesture, described method also comprises:
Receive user's sharing information instruction;
According to described sharing information instruction, obtain the content of described information.
In possibility, user sends after sharing information instruction, and terminal is obtaining information content.
Optionally, described according to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture, comprising:
Identify described operating gesture;
Obtain good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture;
Described information is sent to the good friend corresponding with described operating gesture.
In possibility, preset operating gesture and user good friend's corresponding relation, and by this corresponding relation, information is sent to the good friend corresponding with operating gesture, make user send instant messages more convenient.
Optionally, the good friend corresponding with described operating gesture is individual or the group in user's buddy list.
In possibility, the good friend corresponding with operating gesture can be individual, can be also group, facilitated user that information is sent to dissimilar good friend.
Optionally, the good friend corresponding with described operating gesture is for contacting frequency and good friend's attribute is predefined according to user.
In possibility, preset and the corresponding relation of operating gesture according to user and good friend's contact frequency and good friend's attribute, operating gesture is connected with the good friend who often contacts, thereby facilitate user to send information.
Optionally, described method also comprises:
When receiving after described sharing information instruction, on described mobile terminal, show predefined good friend, the display position of described good friend on described mobile terminal is corresponding with described operating gesture.
In possibility, pre-set good friend is presented on mobile terminal, make user very clear.
Optionally, in the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture,
Described reception user's operating gesture, comprising:
Receive the slip gesture of user to described display position;
Described according to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture, comprising:
According to described slip gesture, information is sent to the good friend on described display position.
In possibility, slide to the good friend who shows on mobile terminal, information can be sent to user good friend corresponding to gesture that slide, make user send information convenient.
Optionally, in the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture, described method also comprises:
Receive the first slip gesture of user;
According to the glide direction of described the first slip gesture, in described glide direction, show at least two the good friend group identifications corresponding with described the first slip gesture;
The the second slip gesture that receives user, described the second slip gesture is the slip to the direction at first good friend's group identification place;
According to described the second slip gesture, show the first good friend group that described first good friend's group identification is corresponding.
In possibility, in a direction, can show multiple good friend's group identifications, in the time that user slides to one of them good friend's group identification, more further show the corresponding good friend of this good friend's group identification, user is sent to information quickly and easily want the good friend who sends.
Optionally, described good friend group is designated picture or word.
In possibility, available pictures or word, as good friend's group identification, can more clear, directly be presented on mobile terminal predefined good friend.
According to the second aspect of disclosure embodiment, a kind of device that sends information is provided, comprising:
The first receiver module, for receiving user's operating gesture;
Sending module, for according to described operating gesture, sends to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture by information.
Optionally, described device also comprises:
The second receiver module, for receiving user's sharing information instruction;
Acquisition module, for according to described sharing information instruction, obtains the content of described information.
Optionally, described sending module comprises:
Recognition unit, for identifying described operating gesture;
Acquiring unit, for obtaining good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture;
Transmitting element, for sending to by described information the good friend that described operating gesture is corresponding.
Optionally, described device also comprises:
The first display module for when receiving after described sharing information instruction, shows predefined good friend on described mobile terminal, and the display position of described good friend on described mobile terminal is corresponding with described operating gesture.
Optionally, in the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture,
Described the first receiver module, also for receiving the slip gesture of user to described display position;
Described sending module, also, for according to described slip gesture, sends to the good friend on described display position by information.
Optionally, in the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture, described device also comprises the second display module;
Described the first receiver module, also for receiving the first slip gesture of user;
Described the second display module for according to the glide direction of described the first slip gesture, shows at least two the good friend group identifications corresponding with described the first slip gesture in described glide direction;
Described the first receiver module, also, for receiving the second slip gesture of user, described the second slip gesture is the slip to the direction at first good friend's group identification place;
Described the second display module, also, for according to described the second slip gesture, shows the first good friend group that described first good friend's group identification is corresponding.
According to the third aspect of disclosure embodiment, a kind of device that sends information is provided, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Processor;
For the memory of storage of processor executable instruction;
Wherein, described processor is configured to:
Receive user's operating gesture;
According to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture.
Should be understood that, it is only exemplary and explanatory that above general description and details are hereinafter described, and can not limit the disclosure.
Embodiment
Here will at length describe exemplary embodiment, its sample table shows in the accompanying drawings.When description below relates to accompanying drawing, unless separately there is expression, the same numbers in different accompanying drawings represents same or analogous key element.Execution mode described in following exemplary embodiment does not represent all execution modes consistent with the present invention.On the contrary, they are only and the example of apparatus and method as consistent in some aspects that described in detail in appended claims, of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is according to the flow chart of a kind of method that sends information shown in an exemplary embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, a kind of method that sends information, for mobile terminal, comprises the following steps:
Step S101, reception user's operating gesture;
Step S102, according to operating gesture, sends to the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture by information.
Adopt scheme of the present disclosure, by presetting the corresponding relation of good friend and user's operating gesture, frequent contact and operating gesture are connected, without by selecting good friend interface to select good friend, make user send instant messages more convenient.
In step S101, operating gesture can be any gesture, for example upwards/lower slider, to left/right slip etc.
In step S102, the good friend corresponding with operating gesture preset by user, and user can connect the good friend who often contacts in buddy list and fixing operating gesture, for example, can set the corresponding good friend A of left sliding gesture, the corresponding good friend B of right sliding gesture, etc.
In addition, the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture can be also the group in user's buddy list, for example, the sliding corresponding group of gesture " colleague " in setting, the corresponding group of downslide gesture " household ", etc.
Fig. 2 is the interface of mobile terminal figure that sends information according to the user shown in an exemplary embodiment, in this embodiment, presets the corresponding good friend of sliding gesture " A ", the corresponding group of downslide gesture " household ".As shown in Figure 2, in figure, arrow represents the direction of user's finger sliding, and in the time that user sends information, finger slides left along the direction of arrow in figure, and mobile terminal will send to information good friend " A ".User selects interface without entering good friend, selects good friend " A ", and information can be sent to good friend " A " by a simple operating gesture from numerous buddy lists.
Before step S101, also comprise two steps: receive user's sharing information instruction; According to sharing information instruction, the content of obtaining information.
Fig. 3 is according to the flow chart of a kind of method that sends information shown in an exemplary embodiment, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step S301, receives user's sharing information instruction;
Step S302, according to sharing information instruction, the content of obtaining information;
Step S303, reception user's operating gesture;
Step S304, according to operating gesture, sends to the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture by information.
In step S301, user edits after information, sends sharing information instruction, in the sharing or send on information interface of mobile terminal, a multiselect frame of enabling fast sharing or transmission can be provided, and be defaulted as initiate mode.
In step S304, corresponding relation between predefined operating gesture and good friend is stored on mobile terminal, when receiving and identifying after user's operating gesture, mobile terminal can obtain the good friend corresponding with this operating gesture from stored corresponding relation, then information is sent to the good friend corresponding with this operating gesture.As shown in Figure 4, comprise the following steps:
Step S3041, identifying operation gesture;
Step S3042, obtains the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture;
Step S3043, sends to the good friend corresponding with operating gesture by information.
Optionally, the attribute that the good friend corresponding with operating gesture can contact frequency and good friend according to user presets.That is, can be by the most often good friend's setting corresponding to shirtsleeve operation gesture of contact, seldom the good friend of contact can arrange.Also can be according to good friend's attribute, belong to of a sort good friend and be set to corresponding same operating gesture.For example, the colleague of several normal contacts is corresponded to left and slided, father and mother are corresponded to slip to the right.In the time of user's sharing information, to slide and represent to send information to predefined several colleagues to the right, the screen right side of mobile terminal can show predefined several colleagues' mark, user can further select message to send to a certain position colleague.
Optionally, when receiving after user's sharing information instruction, show predefined good friend on mobile terminal, the display position of predefined good friend on mobile terminal is corresponding with operating gesture.; when user sends after sharing information instruction; all directions on mobile terminal can show predefined each good friend; the corresponding different operating gesture separately of each good friend; user only need select to want the good friend of the information that sends in each good friend; and slide to selected good friend's direction, mobile terminal will send to information this good friend.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that sends message when showing predefined good friend on the mobile terminal shown in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, comprises the following steps:
Step S501, receives user's sharing information instruction;
Step S502, according to sharing information instruction, the content of obtaining information;
Step S503, shows predefined good friend;
Step S504, receives the slip gesture of user to display position;
Step S505, according to slip gesture, sends to the good friend on display position by information.
Fig. 6 is according to the surface chart that shows predefined good friend on the mobile terminal shown in an exemplary embodiment.As shown in Figure 6, when user sends after sharing information instruction, on the screen of mobile terminal, will demonstrate predefined good friend, the display position of good friend on mobile terminal is corresponding with operating gesture.In this embodiment, predefined upward sliding gesture correspondence " wife ", to upper right corner slip gesture correspondence " father ", the gesture of sliding to the right correspondence " mother ", etc.In the time of predefined good friend Zhong You group, also can on the position corresponding with operating gesture, show group, as shown in FIG. to upper left slip gesture corresponding " group 5 ".In the time showing predefined good friend on mobile terminal screen, user only need slide to the good friend's that will send information direction on screen, in figure, arrow represents the direction of user's finger sliding, in the time that user's finger slides along direction of arrow upper left side, mobile terminal receives user's slip gesture identification, then information is sent to " group 5 ".
In the process of sliding user, do not require that user points on the position of necessarily dropping on " group 5 " that show on screen, as long as the direction of user's finger sliding and the position of " group 5 " match.
Optionally, in the time that operating gesture is slip gesture, mobile terminal receives after user's slip gesture, will on screen, show the one or more good friend group identifications corresponding with this slip gesture, now, user finger does not frame out, and the finger that continues to slide is to one in one or more good friend's group identifications.When mobile terminal receives after user's slip gesture again, on screen, show that user points the corresponding good friend of the good friend's group identification group sliding to.
Be illustrated in figure 7 the flow chart that sends information in above-described embodiment, comprise the following steps:
Step S701, the first slip gesture of reception user;
Step S702 according to the glide direction of the first slip gesture, shows at least two the good friend group identifications corresponding with the first slip gesture in glide direction;
Step S703, the second slip gesture of reception user, the second slip gesture is the slip to the direction at first good friend's group identification place;
Step S704, according to the second slip gesture, shows the first good friend group corresponding to first good friend's group identification.
In step S701, the first slip gesture is that user sends the slip gesture of sharing after message instruction.
In step S702, in the direction that the first slip gesture is slided, can show one or more good friend's group identification, be that each direction represents a class people, for example, good friend corresponding to the first slip gesture is colleague, shows good friend's group identification of representative colleague in the direction of sliding in the first slip gesture.And, in the time of the corresponding multiple good friend of the first slip gesture, can in the direction of the first slip gesture, show multiple good friend's group identifications simultaneously, user can further select to send good friend's group identification of message in multiple good friend's group identifications.
In step S703, when user further selects to send good friend's group identification of message in multiple good friend's group identifications, continue to slide to the good friend's group identification that sends message on the screen of mobile terminal.
In step S704, in the time that user continues to slide to the good friend's group identification that sends message, on mobile terminal, show the corresponding good friend of this good friend's group identification group, for example, the direction that the second slip gesture is slided is " colleague ", in the time that mobile terminal receives and identifies the second slip gesture of user, just further show the corresponding good friend of this good friend's group identification " colleague " group.
Fig. 8 is the surface chart of mobile terminal during according to transmission information shown in an exemplary embodiment.In this embodiment, the first slip gesture is for sliding left, corresponding good friend group comprises three groups, first group is user's wife (people), second group is user's colleague (multiple people), the 3rd group is user's classmate (multiple people), in the time that user's finger slides along the direction of arrow left side in Fig. 8, leftward position on mobile terminal screen will show three the good friend groups corresponding with the slip gesture of sliding left, now, user's finger does not frame out.In three groups of good friend groups, user continues the slip finger direction of good friend's group identification wherein, the direction that the second slip gesture slides to.If when user's finger slides to first group of good friend's group identification, because first group of good friend corresponding to good friend's group identification only has a people, mobile terminal directly sends to information user's wife.If when user's finger slides to second group of good friend's group identification, the direction of " colleague " as shown in Figure 8, the good friend corresponding due to " colleague " comprises three: colleague 1, colleague 2 and colleague 3, therefore, in the time that user slides to good friend's group identification " colleague ", on mobile terminal, will show the good friend group that this good friend's group identification is corresponding, as shown in Figure 9.When showing after the good friend group that this good friend's group identification is corresponding, user can further slide finger to good friend's direction that will send information, as shown in the arrow in Fig. 9, in the time that user slides to colleague 1 direction along the direction of arrow, mobile terminal will send to information colleague 1.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, in the time that user's finger slides to second group of good friend's group identification " colleague ", other good friend's group identifications that show on mobile terminal, as " wife ", " classmate " can hide, and only need show good friend group corresponding to " colleague " that user slides to, as shown in figure 10.Like this, user only need select to send the object of information in good friend group corresponding to " colleague ", and is not subject to the interference of other good friend's group identifications.
Optionally, good friend's group identification can represent by the form of picture or word.In the above-described embodiments, good friend's group identification is presented at by the form of word on the screen of mobile terminal, and user also can select different pictures to represent respectively different good friend groups.
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 11-12, when user sends after sharing information instruction, on mobile terminal screen, will show predefined good friend, comprise individual or group, also can comprise good friend's group identification of same class good friend.In Figure 11, the individual good friend who shows on the screen of mobile terminal comprises wife, father, mother, good friend 1, good friend 2 and good friend 3, and the group of demonstration is " group 5 ", and the same class good friend's of demonstration good friend group is designated " colleague ".In the time that user's finger slides left along the direction of arrow, slide to the direction of good friend's group identification " colleague ".Mobile terminal receives and identifies after user's slip gesture, will show the good friend that this good friend's group identification " colleague " is corresponding, as shown in figure 12, comprise colleague 1, colleague 2 and colleague 3, user's finger does not frame out, continue to slide and point along the direction of arrow in figure, information can be sent to colleague 2.
Figure 13 is according to a kind of device block diagram that sends information shown in an exemplary embodiment.With reference to Figure 13, this device comprises:
The first receiver module 131, for receiving user's operating gesture; Receive the slip gesture of user to display position; Receive the first slip gesture of user; The the second slip gesture that receives user, the second slip gesture is the slip to the direction at first good friend's group identification place;
Sending module 132, for according to operating gesture, sends to the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture by information; According to slip gesture, information is sent to the good friend on display position;
The second receiver module 133, for receiving user's sharing information instruction;
Acquisition module 134, for according to sharing information instruction, the content of obtaining information;
The first display module 135 for when receiving after sharing information instruction, shows predefined good friend on mobile terminal, and the display position of good friend on mobile terminal is corresponding with operating gesture;
The second display module 136 for according to the glide direction of the first slip gesture, shows at least two the good friend group identifications corresponding with the first slip gesture in glide direction; According to the second slip gesture, show the first good friend group corresponding to first good friend's group identification.
Wherein, sending module 132 also comprises with lower unit, as shown in figure 14:
Recognition unit 1321, for identifying described operating gesture;
Acquiring unit 1322, for obtaining the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture;
Transmitting element 1323, for sending to information the good friend that operating gesture is corresponding.
When user sends after sharing information instruction, first the second receiver module 133 receives the sharing information instruction that user sends, and acquisition module 134 is according to the sharing information instruction receiving, the content of obtaining information.Secondly, the first receiver module 131 receives user's operating gesture, recognition unit 1321 in sending module 132 is identified the operating gesture receiving, acquiring unit 1322 obtains the predefined good friend corresponding with operating gesture, then by transmitting element 1323, information is sent to the good friend corresponding with operating gesture.
Adopt scheme of the present disclosure, by presetting the corresponding relation of good friend and user's operating gesture, frequent contact and operating gesture are connected, without by selecting good friend interface to select good friend, make user send instant messages more convenient.
About the device in above-described embodiment, wherein the concrete mode of modules executable operations have been described in detail in the embodiment about the method, will not elaborate explanation herein.
Figure 15 is a kind of for sending the block diagram of device 800 of information according to shown in an exemplary embodiment.For example, device 800 can be mobile phone, computer, digital broadcast terminal, information transceiving equipment, game console, flat-panel devices, Medical Devices, body-building equipment, personal digital assistant etc.
With reference to Figure 15, device 800 can comprise following one or more assembly: processing components 802, memory 804, power supply module 806, multimedia groupware 808, audio-frequency assembly 810, the interface 812 of I/O (I/O), sensor cluster 814, and communications component 816.
The integrated operation of processing components 802 common control device 800, such as with demonstration, call, data communication, the operation that camera operation and record operation are associated.Treatment element 802 can comprise that one or more processors 820 carry out instruction, to complete all or part of step of above-mentioned method.In addition, processing components 802 can comprise one or more modules, is convenient to mutual between processing components 802 and other assemblies.For example, processing unit 802 can comprise multi-media module, to facilitate mutual between multimedia groupware 808 and processing components 802.
Memory 804 is configured to store various types of data to be supported in the operation of equipment 800.The example of these data comprises for any application program of operation on device 800 or the instruction of method, contact data, telephone book data, information, picture, video etc.Memory 804 can be realized by the volatibility of any type or non-volatile memory device or their combination, as static RAM (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory EPROM (EPROM), programmable read only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, disk or CD.
Electric power assembly 806 provides electric power for installing 800 various assemblies.Electric power assembly 806 can comprise power-supply management system, one or more power supplys, and other and the assembly that generates, manages and distribute electric power to be associated for device 800.
Multimedia groupware 808 is included in the screen that an output interface is provided between described device 800 and user.In certain embodiments, screen can comprise liquid crystal display (LCD) and touch panel (TP).If screen comprises touch panel, screen may be implemented as touch-screen, to receive the input signal from user.Touch panel comprises that one or more touch sensors are with the gesture on sensing touch, slip and touch panel.Described touch sensor is the border of sensing touch or sliding action not only, but also detects duration and the pressure relevant to described touch or slide.In certain embodiments, multimedia groupware 808 comprises a front-facing camera and/or post-positioned pick-up head.When equipment 800 is in operator scheme, during as screening-mode or video mode, front-facing camera and/or post-positioned pick-up head can receive outside multi-medium data.Each front-facing camera and post-positioned pick-up head can be fixing optical lens systems or have focal length and optical zoom ability.
Audio-frequency assembly 810 is configured to output and/or input audio signal.For example, audio-frequency assembly 810 comprises a microphone (MIC), and when device 800 is in operator scheme, during as call model, logging mode and speech recognition mode, microphone is configured to receive external audio signal.The audio signal receiving can be further stored in memory 804 or be sent via communications component 816.In certain embodiments, audio-frequency assembly 810 also comprises a loud speaker, for output audio signal.
I/O interface 812 is for providing interface between processing components 802 and peripheral interface module, and above-mentioned peripheral interface module can be keyboard, some striking wheel, button etc.These buttons can include but not limited to: home button, volume button, start button and locking press button.
Sensor cluster 814 comprises one or more transducers, is used to device 800 that the state estimation of various aspects is provided.For example, sensor cluster 814 can detect the opening/closing state of equipment 800, the relative positioning of assembly, for example described assembly is display and the keypad of device 800, the position of all right checkout gear 800 of sensor cluster 814 or 800 1 assemblies of device changes, user is with device 800 existence that contact or do not have the variations in temperature of device 800 orientation or acceleration/deceleration and device 800.Sensor cluster 814 can comprise proximity transducer, be configured to without any physical contact time detect near the existence of object.Sensor cluster 814 can also comprise optical sensor, as CMOS or ccd image sensor, for using in imaging applications.In certain embodiments, this sensor cluster 814 can also comprise acceleration transducer, gyro sensor, Magnetic Sensor, pressure sensor or temperature sensor.
Communications component 816 is configured to be convenient to the communication of wired or wireless mode between device 800 and other equipment.Device 800 wireless networks that can access based on communication standard, as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or their combination.In one exemplary embodiment, communication component 816 receives broadcast singal or the broadcast related information from external broadcasting management system via broadcast channel.In one exemplary embodiment, described communication component 816 also comprises near-field communication (NFC) module, to promote junction service.For example, can be based on radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID) technology in NFC module, Infrared Data Association (IrDA) technology, ultra broadband (UWB) technology, bluetooth (BT) technology and other technologies realize.
In the exemplary embodiment, device 800 can be realized by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing appts (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic components, for carrying out said method.
In the exemplary embodiment, also provide a kind of non-provisional computer-readable recording medium that comprises instruction, for example, comprised the memory 804 of instruction, above-mentioned instruction can have been carried out said method by the processor 820 of device 800.For example, described non-provisional computer-readable recording medium can be ROM, random access memory (RAM), CD-ROM, tape, floppy disk and optical data storage equipment etc.
A kind of non-provisional computer-readable recording medium, in the time that the instruction in described storage medium is carried out by the processor of mobile terminal, makes mobile terminal can carry out a kind of method that sends information, and described method comprises:
Receive user's operating gesture;
According to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture.
Before described reception user's operating gesture, described method also comprises:
Receive user's sharing information instruction;
According to described sharing information instruction, obtain the content of described information.
Described according to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture, comprising:
Identify described operating gesture;
Obtain good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture;
Described information is sent to the good friend corresponding with described operating gesture.
The good friend corresponding with described operating gesture is individual or the group in user's buddy list.
The good friend corresponding with described operating gesture is for contacting frequency and good friend's attribute is predefined according to user.
Described method also comprises:
When receiving after described sharing information instruction, on described mobile terminal, show predefined good friend, the display position of described good friend on described mobile terminal is corresponding with described operating gesture.
In the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture,
Described reception user's operating gesture, comprising:
Receive the slip gesture of user to described display position;
Described according to described operating gesture, information is sent to good friend corresponding to predefined and described operating gesture, comprising:
According to described slip gesture, information is sent to the good friend on described display position.
In the time that described operating gesture is slip gesture, described method also comprises:
Receive the first slip gesture of user;
According to the glide direction of described the first slip gesture, in described glide direction, show at least two the good friend group identifications corresponding with described the first slip gesture;
The the second slip gesture that receives user, described the second slip gesture is the slip to the direction at first good friend's group identification place;
According to described the second slip gesture, show the first good friend group that described first good friend's group identification is corresponding.
Described good friend group is designated picture or word.
Those skilled in the art, considering specification and putting into practice after invention disclosed herein, will easily expect other embodiment of the present invention.The application is intended to contain any modification of the present invention, purposes or adaptations, and these modification, purposes or adaptations are followed general principle of the present invention and comprised undocumented common practise or the conventional techniques means in the art of the disclosure.Specification and embodiment are only regarded as exemplary, and true scope of the present invention and spirit are pointed out by claim below.
Should be understood that, the present invention is not limited to precision architecture described above and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and can carry out various amendments and change not departing from its scope.Scope of the present invention is only limited by appended claim.