技术领域technical field
本发明关于一种主机板及其电源控制方法，特别是一种可适用于不同类型电源供应器的主机板及其电源控制方法。The present invention relates to a motherboard and its power control method, in particular to a motherboard applicable to different types of power supplies and its power control method.
背景技术Background technique
目前在组装计算机中最为普遍的主机板规格为ATX标准，由美商英特尔公司在1995年制定并公布，内容包括了主机板尺寸大小，以及电源供应器相关的规格设计，其目的在于降低主机板内的排线数目与长度，同时也供应了主机板上核心组件的电源，亦满足外接显示卡的电源需求。一个符合ATX标准的电源供应器，其连接端子上包含了如下所列的电压源：正3.3伏特、正5伏特、待机5伏特、正12伏特、负12伏特、接地端；以及讯号：电压源启动(power on)、电压源完成启动(power good)、3.3伏特回授(3.3V sense)。其中待机5伏特的电压源供应计算机装置于待机状态下所需的电源，而正5伏特则供应计算机装置于正常运行的开机状态下所需的电源，其供电能力大于待机5伏特的电压源。另外，除了待机5伏特之外，其它电压源只有在计算机装置于正常运行的开机状态下才会开启并具有电压输出能力，且其开启的时序与电压源启动以及电压源完成启动的讯号相关。At present, the most common motherboard specification in assembled computers is the ATX standard, which was formulated and announced by the American Intel Corporation in 1995. The content includes the size of the motherboard and the specification design related to the power supply. The number and length of the cables, and also supply the power of the core components on the motherboard, and also meet the power requirements of the external graphics card. A power supply that complies with the ATX standard, and its connection terminals include the following voltage sources: positive 3.3 volts, positive 5 volts, standby 5 volts, positive 12 volts, negative 12 volts, ground; and signal: voltage source Start (power on), voltage source complete start (power good), 3.3 volt feedback (3.3V sense). Wherein the voltage source of standby 5 volts supplies the power required by the computer device in the standby state, and the positive 5 volts supplies the power required by the computer device in the normal running state, and its power supply capacity is greater than that of the voltage source of 5 volts in standby. In addition, except the standby 5 volts, other voltage sources are turned on and have voltage output capability only when the computer device is in the normal running state, and the timing of turning on the voltage source is related to the signal of starting the voltage source and completing the starting of the voltage source.
另外，就笔记型计算机的应用而言，由于需满足可携带性的需求，其电源供应以电池为主，直接供应单一的19伏特或12伏特直流电压源。In addition, as far as the application of the notebook computer is concerned, due to the requirement of portability, its power supply is mainly based on a battery, directly supplying a single 19V or 12V DC voltage source.
近年来mini-ITX、thin-ITX、nano-ITX等规格的主机板于市场上的需求日益增加，其应用层面包含了广告广告牌、一体成型桌上型计算机(all-in-one PC)、嵌入式系统(embedded system)、准系统、以及数字家庭剧院计算机(home theater PC，HTPC)等。此类主机板其电源需求包括了ATX标准的电源供应器，以及单一的直流供应电压源如电池，使用者可依个别需求及使用目的来选择不同的电源供应器以符合机殻尺寸。然而以供货商的角度而言，相同功能的主机板却需由于不同的电源供应器架构而推出不同的产品来满足下游客户或是终端使用者的需求，因此不仅造成设计成本的提高，也增加了库存管理的复杂度。In recent years, the demand for motherboards with specifications such as mini-ITX, thin-ITX, and nano-ITX has been increasing in the market. Their application level includes advertising billboards, all-in-one PCs, Embedded system (embedded system), barebones, and digital home theater PC (home theater PC, HTPC), etc. The power requirements of this type of motherboard include an ATX standard power supply and a single DC supply voltage source such as a battery. Users can choose different power supplies according to individual needs and purposes to meet the size of the case. However, from the perspective of suppliers, motherboards with the same function need to launch different products due to different power supply architectures to meet the needs of downstream customers or end users, which not only increases the design cost, but also Increased complexity of inventory management.
发明内容Contents of the invention
鉴于以上的问题，本发明提供一种主机板及其电源控制方法，使主机板可适用于不同类型的电源供应器，解决习用主机板无法通用不同电源的使用限制。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a motherboard and a power control method thereof, so that the motherboard can be applied to different types of power supplies, and solve the limitation that conventional motherboards cannot use different power supplies.
本发明提出一种主机板，适用一计算机装置，包括第一电源插槽、第二电源插槽、电压转换电路、以及电源控制单元。第一电源插槽供第一电源供应器电性连接，并提供第一电压。电压转换电路具有电压转换输入端以及电压转换输出端，电压转换输入端透过第一电源插槽耦接至第一电源供应器以接收第一电压，且电压转换输出端提供第一待机电压，由第一电压转换而来。第二电源插槽供第二电源供应器电性连接，并提供第二待机电压。电源控制单元具有第一电源控制输入端、第二电源控制输入端以及电源控制输出端，第一电源控制输入端耦接至电压转换输出端以接收第一待机电压，第二电源控制输入端透过第二电源插槽耦接至第二电源供应器以接收第二待机电压，且电源控制输出端提供待机电压源，以供计算机装置于待机状态下使用。其中，当第二电源供应器电性连接第二电源插槽，待机电压源由第二待机电压提供，而当第二电源供应器未电性连接第二电源插槽且第一电源供应器连接第一电源插槽，待机电压源由第一待机电压提供。The invention proposes a motherboard suitable for a computer device, including a first power slot, a second power slot, a voltage conversion circuit, and a power control unit. The first power socket is electrically connected to the first power supply and provides a first voltage. The voltage conversion circuit has a voltage conversion input terminal and a voltage conversion output terminal, the voltage conversion input terminal is coupled to the first power supply through the first power slot to receive the first voltage, and the voltage conversion output terminal provides the first standby voltage, converted from the first voltage. The second power slot is electrically connected to the second power supply and provides a second standby voltage. The power control unit has a first power control input end, a second power control input end and a power control output end, the first power control input end is coupled to the voltage conversion output end to receive the first standby voltage, and the second power control input end is transparent The second power supply slot is coupled to the second power supply to receive the second standby voltage, and the power supply control output terminal provides a standby voltage source for use by the computer device in the standby state. Wherein, when the second power supply is electrically connected to the second power slot, the standby voltage source is provided by the second standby voltage, and when the second power supply is not electrically connected to the second power slot and the first power supply is connected The first power slot, the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage.
本发明又提出一种主机板的电源控制方法，适用于一计算机装置中，主机板提供待机电压源，控制方法包含以下步骤：The present invention also proposes a power control method for a motherboard, which is suitable for a computer device. The motherboard provides a standby voltage source. The control method includes the following steps:
侦测第二电源供应器是否连接第二电源插槽，若第二电源供应器未连接第二电源插槽，则待机电压源由第一待机电压提供；若第二电源供应器已连接第二电源插槽，则进行下一步骤。Detect whether the second power supply is connected to the second power slot, if the second power supply is not connected to the second power slot, the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage; if the second power supply is connected to the second power slot, proceed to the next step.
接着，侦测计算机装置是否为开机状态并输出第一待机电压。若侦测计算机装置不为开机状态，则待机电压源由第二待机电压提供；若计算机装置已为开机状态并输出第一待机电压，则待机电压源由第一待机电压提供。Then, it detects whether the computer device is in the power-on state and outputs the first standby voltage. If the detected computer device is not in the power-on state, the standby voltage source is provided by the second standby voltage; if the computer device is in the power-on state and outputs the first standby voltage, the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage.
本发明的功效在于，藉由主机板上的控制电路及其电源控制方法，使主机板能适用于不同类型的电源供应器，可提供客户及终端使用者在挑选电源供应器时有更弹性的选择；再者，本发明所揭露的设计，亦可避免主机板为了适用不同类型的电源供应器，而使同一功能的主机板衍生针对电源供应器变动而造成的重复设计，不但节省了研发成本，也使库存的管理上更为单纯。The effect of the present invention is that, by means of the control circuit on the main board and the power control method thereof, the main board can be applied to different types of power supplies, which can provide customers and end users with more flexibility in selecting power supplies. selection; moreover, the design disclosed in the present invention can also avoid the repeated design of the motherboard with the same function for the change of the power supply in order to adapt to different types of power supplies, which not only saves the research and development cost , It also makes inventory management simpler.
有关本发明的特征、实作与功效，兹配合图式作最佳实施例详细说明如下。Regarding the features, implementation and effects of the present invention, the preferred embodiments are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2a为本发明所揭露一实施例的转接排线的示意图。FIG. 2 a is a schematic diagram of a transfer cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图2b为正视电源端连接端子以及主机板端连接端子时，插孔编号的排列顺序的示意图。FIG. 2 b is a schematic diagram of the arrangement order of jack numbers when the connecting terminals of the power supply end and the connecting terminals of the motherboard are viewed from the front.
图3为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板的电源控制单元的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power control unit of a motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明所揭露一实施例的电源控制单元的讯号产生电路的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal generating circuit of a power control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明所揭露一实施例的讯号产生电路其相关控制讯号的时序图。FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of related control signals of the signal generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本发明所揭露一实施例的电源控制单元的外接电源侦测电路的示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an external power detection circuit of a power control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图7为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板的主动电路的电源连接组态的示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the power connection configuration of the active circuit of the motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图8为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板电源控制方法的步骤流程图。FIG. 8 is a flow chart of steps of a method for controlling power supply of a motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention.
主要组件符号说明：Description of main component symbols:
100 主机板 110 第一电源插槽100 motherboard 110 first power socket
111 第一电源供应器 111a 第一电压111 First power supply 111a First voltage
120 第二电源插槽 121 第二电源供应器120 2nd power supply slot 121 2nd power supply
121a 第二待机电压 130 电压转换电路121a second standby voltage 130 voltage conversion circuit
131 电压转换输入端 132 电压转换输出端131 Voltage conversion input terminal 132 Voltage conversion output terminal
132a 第一待机电压 140 电源控制单元132a First standby voltage 140 Power supply control unit
141 第一电源控制输入端 142 第二电源控制输入端141 First power supply control input terminal 142 Second power supply control input terminal
143 电源控制输出端 150 待机电压源143 Power control output terminal 150 Standby voltage source
200 转接排线组 210 电源端连接端子200 Transition cable set 210 Power terminal connection terminal
220 主机板端连接端子 230 排线220 Motherboard connection terminal 230 Flat cable
310 第一开关 320 第二开关310 First switch 320 Second switch
330 第三开关 340 外接电源侦测电路330 Third switch 340 External power detection circuit
400 讯号产生电路 410 第一场效晶体管400 signal generation circuit 410 first field effect transistor
420 第二场效晶体管 460 比较器420 Second Field Effect Transistor 460 Comparator
470 分压电路 610 第一电阻470 Voltage divider circuit 610 First resistor
620 第二电阻 630 第三电阻620 Second resistor 630 Third resistor
640 侦测输出端 710 主动电路640 detection output terminal 710 active circuit
711 电源输入端 720 第一二极管711 Power supply input 720 First diode
730 第二二极管730 second diode
具体实施方式detailed description
在说明书及后续的权利要求书当中，耦接一词在此包含任何直接及间接的电气连接手段。因此，若文中描述一第一装置耦接于一第二装置，则代表第一装置可直接电气连接于第二装置，或透过其它装置或连接手段间接地电气连接至第二装置。另外，正相讯号为一数字逻辑讯号的状态，或可理解为一般的数字逻辑讯号状态1，而反相讯号为另一数字逻辑讯号的状态，或可理解为一般的数字逻辑讯号状态0。In the description and the following claims, the term coupled herein includes any direct and indirect electrical connection means. Therefore, if it is described that a first device is coupled to a second device, it means that the first device may be directly electrically connected to the second device, or indirectly electrically connected to the second device through other devices or connection means. In addition, the positive phase signal is a state of a digital logic signal, or can be understood as a general digital logic signal state 1, and the negative phase signal is a state of another digital logic signal, or can be understood as a general digital logic signal state 0.
图1为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板100的示意图。主机板100适用于计算机装置，包括一体成型桌上型计算机、嵌入式系统、准系统以及数字家庭剧院计算机等应用，另外也可应用于广告广告牌的控制系统中，但并不以此为限。主机板100包括第一电源插槽110、第二电源插槽120、电压转换电路130以及电源控制单元140。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a motherboard 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motherboard 100 is suitable for computer devices, including applications such as integrated desktop computers, embedded systems, barebone systems, and digital home theater computers. It can also be used in control systems for advertising billboards, but it is not limited thereto. . The motherboard 100 includes a first power socket 110 , a second power socket 120 , a voltage conversion circuit 130 and a power control unit 140 .
如图1所示，第一电源插槽110供第一电源供应器111电性连接之用，并提供第一电压111a。电压转换电路130，具有电压转换输入端131以及电压转换输出端132，电压转换输入端131透过所述第一电源插槽耦接至第一电源供应器111以接收第一电压111a，且电压转换输出端132提供第一待机电压132a，由第一电压111a转换而来。例如第一电源供应器111为一输出19伏特或是12伏特直流电压的电池，或为一交流转直流电源转换器，将一交流的市电电压源，即110伏特或是220伏特的交流电压，转换为直流的第一电压111a，例如为一19伏特或是12伏特的直流电压源。透过将第一电源供应器111直接插设于主机板100上，或透过排线的连接，将19伏特或是12伏特的直流电压源耦接至主机板上的电压转换电路130，为一直流转直流切换式电源转换器，并输出5伏特直流的第一待机电压132a。As shown in FIG. 1 , the first power socket 110 is used for electrical connection with the first power supply 111 and provides a first voltage 111a. The voltage conversion circuit 130 has a voltage conversion input terminal 131 and a voltage conversion output terminal 132, the voltage conversion input terminal 131 is coupled to the first power supply 111 through the first power slot to receive the first voltage 111a, and the voltage The conversion output terminal 132 provides a first standby voltage 132a converted from the first voltage 111a. For example, the first power supply 111 is a battery that outputs a DC voltage of 19 volts or 12 volts, or an AC-to-DC power converter that converts an AC mains voltage source, that is, an AC voltage of 110 volts or 220 volts. , the first voltage 111a converted into DC, for example, a 19V or 12V DC voltage source. By directly inserting the first power supply 111 on the main board 100, or connecting the 19 volt or 12 volt DC voltage source to the voltage conversion circuit 130 on the main board through the connection of the cable, for A DC-to-DC switching power converter, and outputs a first standby voltage 132a of 5V DC.
如图1所示，第二电源插槽120供第二电源供应器121电性连接之用，并提供第二待机电压121a。例如第二电源供应器121为一符合ATX标准的电源供应器，具有正12伏特、待机5伏特等直流电压源输出，并透过排线耦接于第二电源插槽120，其中待机5伏特即为第二待机电压121a。As shown in FIG. 1 , the second power socket 120 is used for electrical connection with a second power supply 121 and provides a second standby voltage 121a. For example, the second power supply 121 is a power supply conforming to the ATX standard, which has DC voltage source outputs such as positive 12 volts and standby 5 volts, and is coupled to the second power supply slot 120 through a cable, wherein the standby 5 volts That is, the second standby voltage 121a.
如图1所示，电源控制单元140具有第一电源控制输入端141、第二电源控制输入端142以及电源控制输出端143。第一电源控制输入端141耦接至电压转换输出端132以接收第一待机电压132a，第二电源控制输入端142透过第二电源插槽120耦接至第二电源供应器121以接收第二待机电压121a，且电源控制输出端143提供待机电压源150，以供计算机装置于待机状态下使用。由于计算机装置在待机状态下，主机板100中尚有需要运行的电子零组件，例如暂存计算机系统各参数的内存模块，用以能够快速回复计算机的开机状态，或是芯片组于背景中执行程序等等，因此电源供应器仍需提供一待机时所需的待机电压源150以利所述电子零组件的正常运作。此待机电压源150在符合ATX标准的电源供应器中，即由待机5伏特的直流电压源提供。As shown in FIG. 1 , the power control unit 140 has a first power control input 141 , a second power control input 142 and a power control output 143 . The first power control input 141 is coupled to the voltage conversion output 132 to receive the first standby voltage 132a, and the second power control input 142 is coupled to the second power supply 121 through the second power slot 120 to receive the first standby voltage 132a. Two standby voltages 121a, and the power control output terminal 143 provides a standby voltage source 150 for use by the computer device in a standby state. Since the computer device is in the standby state, there are still electronic components that need to be run in the motherboard 100, such as a memory module for temporarily storing various parameters of the computer system, so that the computer can be quickly restored to the boot state, or the chipset is executed in the background. programs, etc., so the power supply still needs to provide a standby voltage source 150 required for standby to facilitate the normal operation of the electronic components. The standby voltage source 150 is provided by a standby 5V DC voltage source in an ATX standard power supply.
进一步说明，当第二电源供应器121电性连接第二电源插槽120，待机电压源150的电压由第二待机电压121a提供，而当第二电源供应器121未电性连接第二电源插槽120，且第一电源供应器111连接第一电源插槽110，待机电压源150的电压由第一待机电压132a提供。例如当符合ATX标准的第二电源供应器121以排线连接于第二电源插槽120，并产生待机5伏特的第二待机电压121a时，电源控制单元140利用其内部开关的切换控制，将待机电压源150耦接至第二电源控制输入端142以接收第二待机电压121a；而当第二电源供应器121未连接于第二电源插槽120，且交流转直流电源转换器的第一电源供应器111连接第一电源插槽110，并输出19伏特的第一电压111a予直流转直流切换式电源转换器的电压转换电路130，转成5伏特直流的第一待机电压132a时，电源控制单元140利用其内部开关的切换控制，将待机电压源150耦接至第一电源控制输入端141以接收第一待机电压132a。To further illustrate, when the second power supply 121 is electrically connected to the second power socket 120, the voltage of the standby voltage source 150 is provided by the second standby voltage 121a, and when the second power supply 121 is not electrically connected to the second power socket slot 120, and the first power supply 111 is connected to the first power slot 110, and the voltage of the standby voltage source 150 is provided by the first standby voltage 132a. For example, when the second power supply 121 conforming to the ATX standard is connected to the second power slot 120 with a flat cable, and generates a second standby voltage 121a of 5 volts, the power control unit 140 uses the switching control of its internal switch to The standby voltage source 150 is coupled to the second power control input terminal 142 to receive the second standby voltage 121a; and when the second power supply 121 is not connected to the second power slot 120, and the first AC to DC power converter The power supply 111 is connected to the first power socket 110, and outputs a first voltage 111a of 19 volts to the voltage conversion circuit 130 of the DC-to-DC switching power converter. The control unit 140 couples the standby voltage source 150 to the first power control input terminal 141 to receive the first standby voltage 132 a by switching control of its internal switch.
图2a为本发明所揭露一实施例的连接第二电源供应器121与第二电源插槽120的转接排线组200的示意图。图2b为正视电源端连接端子210以及主机板端连接端子220时，插孔编号的排列顺序的示意图。转接排线组200包括电源端连接端子210、主机板端连接端子220、以及排线230。电源端连接端子210用以连接于第二电源供应器121，主机板端连接端子220用以连接于主机板100的第二电源插槽120，而排线230则用以将电源端连接端子210中各个插孔或针脚连接到主机板端连接端子220的对应插孔或针脚。FIG. 2 a is a schematic diagram of an adapter cable set 200 connecting the second power supply 121 and the second power slot 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 b is a schematic diagram of the arrangement order of jack numbers when viewing the power supply terminal 210 and the mainboard terminal 220 . The transfer cable set 200 includes a power connection terminal 210 , a motherboard connection terminal 220 , and a cable 230 . The power connection terminal 210 is used to connect to the second power supply 121 , the motherboard connection terminal 220 is used to connect to the second power slot 120 of the motherboard 100 , and the cable 230 is used to connect the power connection terminal 210 Each jack or pin is connected to the corresponding jack or pin of the connecting terminal 220 on the motherboard side.
以本实施例为例，电源端连接端子210的硬件设计以及插孔定义为符合ATX标准的设计，包括一组2x12插孔的连接器以及一组2x2插孔的连接器，图2b所示的电源端连接端子210正视图即为正视电源端连接端子210时，插孔编号的排列顺序。由于在特定应用中，并不一定需要利用到第二电源供应器121所有的电压源以及讯号输出，因此可以设计主机板端连接端子220以减少其针脚或插孔数目，以减小其尺寸，而能符合在特定应用中减少装置所需空间的趋势。Taking this embodiment as an example, the hardware design of the power terminal connection terminal 210 and the jack are defined as conforming to the ATX standard design, including a set of 2x12 jack connectors and a set of 2x2 jack connectors, as shown in Figure 2b The front view of the power connection terminal 210 is the arrangement sequence of the socket numbers when the power connection terminal 210 is viewed from the front. Because in a specific application, it is not necessary to utilize all the voltage sources and signal outputs of the second power supply 121, so the motherboard terminal connection terminal 220 can be designed to reduce the number of pins or jacks, so as to reduce its size. Instead, it is possible to comply with the trend of reducing the space required for devices in certain applications.
下表为本实施例中，电源端连接端子210与主机板端连接端子220的连接对应关系。主机板100只利用了符合ATX标准的第二电源供应器121中的正12伏特电压源、待机5伏特电压源、以及电压源启动讯号，因此设计将ATX的输出端子，经排线转接为12插孔的主机板端连接端子220，以缩小其尺寸，并省去不必要的排线等硬件材料。图2b中的主机板端连接端子220正视图即为正视主机板端连接端子220时，插孔编号的排列顺序。值得注意的是，本实施例中主机板100在计算机装置于正常运行的开机状态下所需的正5伏特电源，并非直接来自第二电源供应器121，而是经由电压转换电路130转换第一电压111a而得，此为主机板100能够同时兼容于第一电源供应器111以及第二电源供应器121所作的设计，将于稍后进行说明。The table below shows the corresponding connection relationship between the connection terminal 210 at the power supply end and the connection terminal 220 at the motherboard end in this embodiment. The main board 100 only utilizes the positive 12 volt voltage source, the standby 5 volt voltage source, and the voltage source start signal in the second power supply 121 conforming to the ATX standard, so the output terminal of the ATX is designed to be converted into The mainboard side of the 12 jacks is connected to the terminal 220 to reduce its size and save hardware materials such as unnecessary cables. The front view of the connecting terminal 220 at the mainboard side in FIG. 2 b is the arrangement order of the numbers of the sockets when the connecting terminal 220 at the mainboard side is viewed from the front. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the positive 5 volt power required by the main board 100 in the normal running state of the computer device does not come directly from the second power supply 121, but is converted by the first power supply through the voltage conversion circuit 130. The voltage 111a is obtained, which is designed for the motherboard 100 to be compatible with the first power supply 111 and the second power supply 121 at the same time, which will be described later.
图3为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板100中的电源控制单元140的示意图。电源控制单元140更包括第一开关310、第二开关320、第三开关330、以及外接电源侦测电路340。第一开关310的通道是耦接于第一电源控制输入端141与电源控制输出端143之间，且其控制端311耦接于一第一开关控制讯号，当第二电源供应器121电性连接第二电源插槽120，且计算机装置为开机状态并输出第一待机电压132a时，第一开关控制讯号控制导通第一开关310。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the power control unit 140 in the motherboard 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power control unit 140 further includes a first switch 310 , a second switch 320 , a third switch 330 , and an external power detection circuit 340 . The channel of the first switch 310 is coupled between the first power control input terminal 141 and the power control output terminal 143, and its control terminal 311 is coupled to a first switch control signal, when the second power supply 121 is electrically When the second power supply socket 120 is connected, and the computer device is in the power-on state and outputs the first standby voltage 132a, the first switch control signal controls the first switch 310 to be turned on.
如图3所示，第二开关320的通道是耦接于第二电源控制输入端142与电源控制输出端143之间，且其控制端321耦接于一第二开关控制讯号，当第二电源供应器121连接第二电源插槽120且计算机装置为待机状态时，第二开关控制讯号控制导通第二开关320。第三开关330的通道是耦接于第一电源控制输入端141与电源控制输出端143之间，且其控制端331耦接于一第三开关控制讯号，当第一电源供应器111电性连接第一电源插槽110，且第二电源供应器121未电性连接第二电源插槽120时，第三开关控制讯号控制导通第三开关330。外接电源侦测电路340侦测第一电源供应器111以及第二电源供应器121与第一电源插槽110以及第二电源插槽120的连接状况，并对应地于其输出端341输出第三开关控制讯号。As shown in Figure 3, the channel of the second switch 320 is coupled between the second power control input terminal 142 and the power control output terminal 143, and its control terminal 321 is coupled to a second switch control signal, when the second When the power supply 121 is connected to the second power slot 120 and the computer device is in a standby state, the second switch control signal controls the second switch 320 to be turned on. The channel of the third switch 330 is coupled between the first power control input terminal 141 and the power control output terminal 143, and its control terminal 331 is coupled to a third switch control signal, when the first power supply 111 is electrically When the first power socket 110 is connected and the second power supply 121 is not electrically connected to the second power socket 120 , the third switch control signal controls the third switch 330 to be turned on. The external power supply detection circuit 340 detects the connection status of the first power supply 111 and the second power supply 121 with the first power supply slot 110 and the second power supply slot 120, and correspondingly outputs a third power supply at its output terminal 341. Switch control signal.
进一步说明，本实施例中第一电源插槽110中形成第一电压111a的针脚耦接于第二电源插槽120的正12伏特电压源插孔，亦即当第一电源供应器111连接第一电源插槽110，或第二电源供应器121连接第二电源插槽120且计算机装置为开机状态时，皆存在第一电压111a。另外，当符合ATX标准的第二电源供应器121电性连接第二电源插槽120，且计算机装置为待机状态时，第二开关控制讯号控制导通第二开关320，使待机电压源150耦接至第二电源控制输入端142以接收第二待机电压121a，亦即ATX的待机5伏特电压源输出，以供应计算机装置在待机状态下，主机板100中仍需运行的部件的电源。To further illustrate, in this embodiment, the pin forming the first voltage 111a in the first power supply slot 110 is coupled to the positive 12 volt voltage source jack of the second power supply slot 120, that is, when the first power supply 111 is connected to the second power supply 111 When a power socket 110 or the second power supply 121 is connected to the second power socket 120 and the computer device is turned on, the first voltage 111 a exists. In addition, when the second power supply 121 conforming to the ATX standard is electrically connected to the second power socket 120, and the computer device is in the standby state, the second switch control signal controls the conduction of the second switch 320, so that the standby voltage source 150 is coupled Connected to the second power control input terminal 142 to receive the second standby voltage 121a, that is, the output of the ATX standby 5 volt voltage source, to supply power to the components in the motherboard 100 that still need to be operated in the standby state of the computer device.
当第二电源供应器121电性连接第二电源插槽120，且计算机装置为开机状态并输出第一待机电压132a时，第一开关控制讯号控制导通第一开关310，使待机电压源150耦接至第一电源控制输入端141以接收第一待机电压132a，亦即此时ATX的正12伏特电压源输出为第一电压111a，并经电压转换电路130转换为5伏特的电压源。此处以计算机装置的待机状态与开机状态为依据进行切换的目的，在于待机5伏特的电源供应能力小于电压转换电路130的5伏特电压源输出，然而计算机装置在开机状态下，各电子零件的运行状态较为频繁，甚至操作频率也依设计而以倍数增加，因而造成功耗的上升，此时改以电源供应能力较大的电压转换电路130的5伏特电压源输出进行供电，较能确保计算机装置在运行上的稳定性。When the second power supply 121 is electrically connected to the second power socket 120, and the computer device is turned on and outputs the first standby voltage 132a, the first switch control signal controls the first switch 310 to be turned on, so that the standby voltage source 150 It is coupled to the first power control input terminal 141 to receive the first standby voltage 132a, that is, the positive 12V voltage source of the ATX at this time outputs the first voltage 111a, and is converted into a 5V voltage source by the voltage conversion circuit 130. Here, the purpose of switching based on the standby state and the power-on state of the computer device is that the power supply capacity of 5 volts in standby is less than the output of the 5-volt voltage source of the voltage conversion circuit 130, but when the computer device is in the power-on state, the operation of each electronic component The state is more frequent, and even the operating frequency is multiplied according to the design, thus causing an increase in power consumption. At this time, the 5-volt voltage source output of the voltage conversion circuit 130 with a larger power supply capacity is used for power supply, which can ensure the computer device. Stability in operation.
而当第一电源供应器111连接第一电源插槽110，且第二电源供应器121未连接第二电源插槽120时，外接电源侦测电路340于其输出端341输出第三开关控制讯号，以控制导通第三开关330，使待机电压源150耦接至第一电源控制输入端141以接收第一待机电压132a，亦即此时电池或是交流转直流电源转换器的正12伏特或是正19伏特电压源输出为第一电压111a，并经电压转换电路130转换为5伏特的电压源。由于此一5伏特的电压源具有足够的电源供应能力，因此可在计算机装置处于待机状态或是开机状态时的供电，而不必进行切换。And when the first power supply 111 is connected to the first power slot 110, and the second power supply 121 is not connected to the second power slot 120, the external power detection circuit 340 outputs a third switch control signal at its output terminal 341 , to control and turn on the third switch 330, so that the standby voltage source 150 is coupled to the first power supply control input terminal 141 to receive the first standby voltage 132a, that is, the positive 12 volts of the battery or the AC-to-DC power converter at this time Alternatively, the positive 19 volt voltage source outputs the first voltage 111 a, which is converted into a 5 volt voltage source by the voltage conversion circuit 130 . Since the 5V voltage source has sufficient power supply capability, it can supply power when the computer device is in a standby state or a power-on state without switching.
由上述的说明即可知，本发明所揭露的主机板100在系统正常操作时所需的正5伏特电源，并非直接来自第二电源供应器121，而是经由电压转换电路130转换第一电压111a而得。It can be seen from the above description that the positive 5 volt power required by the motherboard 100 disclosed in the present invention during normal system operation does not come directly from the second power supply 121, but converts the first voltage 111a through the voltage conversion circuit 130 And get.
图4为本发明所揭露一实施例的电源控制单元140中的第一开关控制讯号与第二开关控制讯号的讯号产生电路400的示意图。讯号产生电路400包括第一场效晶体管410、第二场效晶体管420、比较器460、以及分压电路470。第一场效晶体管410为一N型金属氧化半导体场效晶体管，用以实现图3中的第一开关310。第二场效晶体管420为一P型金属氧化半导体场效晶体管，用以实现图3中的第二开关320。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal generation circuit 400 for the first switch control signal and the second switch control signal in the power control unit 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The signal generating circuit 400 includes a first field effect transistor 410 , a second field effect transistor 420 , a comparator 460 , and a voltage dividing circuit 470 . The first field effect transistor 410 is an NMOS field effect transistor for realizing the first switch 310 in FIG. 3 . The second field effect transistor 420 is a P-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor for realizing the second switch 320 in FIG. 3 .
再者，图3中的控制端311、321在图4的实施例中，为同一控制端430。比较器460的正端输入耦接至一电压源指示讯号450，用以指示第一电压111a已经完成启动并可开始进行供电，比较器460的负端输入耦接于一分压电路470，将第一待机电压132a分压作为与电压源指示讯号450进行比较之用，比较器460的输出端则耦接至控制端430，比较器460以第一待机电压132a或第一电压111a为其供应电压。当比较器460的正端输入大于负端端输入，其输出端输出正相讯号1，用以导通第一场效晶体管410，而截止第二场效晶体管420；反之，当比较器460的正端输入小于负端端输入，或其供应电压源为0伏特时，其输出端输出反相讯号0，用以截止第一场效晶体管410，而导通第二场效晶体管420。Furthermore, the control terminals 311 and 321 in FIG. 3 are the same control terminal 430 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 . The positive terminal input of the comparator 460 is coupled to a voltage source indication signal 450 to indicate that the first voltage 111a has been activated and can start to supply power, and the negative terminal input of the comparator 460 is coupled to a voltage divider circuit 470 to The first standby voltage 132a is divided for comparison with the voltage source indication signal 450, the output terminal of the comparator 460 is coupled to the control terminal 430, and the comparator 460 is supplied with the first standby voltage 132a or the first voltage 111a. Voltage. When the positive terminal input of the comparator 460 is greater than the negative terminal input, its output terminal outputs a positive phase signal 1, which is used to turn on the first field effect transistor 410 and stop the second field effect transistor 420; otherwise, when the comparator 460 When the positive terminal input is smaller than the negative terminal input, or the supply voltage source is 0 volts, the output terminal outputs an inverted signal 0 to turn off the first field effect transistor 410 and turn on the second field effect transistor 420 .
图5为本发明所揭露一实施例的讯号产生电路400其相关控制讯号的时序图。波形510为符合ATX标准的第二电源供应器121所提供的电压启动讯号，波形520为第一电压111a的时序，波形530则为电压源指示讯号450的时序。当电压启动讯号为正相讯号1时，电压源指示讯号450为反相讯号0，此时比较器的供应电压源并未启动，亦即为0伏特，因此比较器输出反相讯号0导通第二场效晶体管420，将待机电压源150耦接至第二电源控制输入端142以接收第二待机电压121a。当电压启动讯号由正相讯号1变成反相讯号0时，表示第二电源供应器121的正12伏特电压源即将启动，如图5所示，于T1时间后，正12伏特电压源开始启动，其中T1在ATX标准中规格为小于1秒。FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of related control signals of the signal generating circuit 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waveform 510 is the voltage activation signal provided by the second power supply 121 conforming to the ATX standard, the waveform 520 is the timing of the first voltage 111 a , and the waveform 530 is the timing of the voltage source indication signal 450 . When the voltage activation signal is a positive phase signal 1, the voltage source indication signal 450 is a negative phase signal 0. At this time, the supply voltage source of the comparator is not activated, that is, 0 volts, so the comparator outputs a negative phase signal 0 to conduct The second field effect transistor 420 couples the standby voltage source 150 to the second power control input terminal 142 to receive the second standby voltage 121a. When the voltage start signal changes from positive phase signal 1 to negative phase signal 0, it means that the positive 12 volt voltage source of the second power supply 121 is about to start, as shown in Figure 5, after T1 time, the positive 12 volt voltage source starts Startup, where T1 is specified in the ATX standard as less than 1 second.
如图5所示，正12伏特电压源以T2时间完成启动后，随即在T3时间后，电压源指示讯号450由反相讯号0变成正相讯号1，其中T2、T3在ATX标准中规格分别为界于2毫秒(millisecond，10的负3次方秒)与200毫秒之间，以及界于100毫秒与2000毫秒之间。此时比较器输出正相讯号1导通第一场效晶体管410，将待机电压源150耦接至第一电源控制输入端141以接收第一待机电压132a，其中由于T3的时间够长，因此电压转换电路130有足够的时间在第一场效晶体管410导通之前，完成启动并输出第一待机电压132a。As shown in Figure 5, after the positive 12 volt voltage source is started up in time T2, immediately after time T3, the voltage source indication signal 450 changes from an inverted signal 0 to a positive signal 1, where T2 and T3 are specified in the ATX standard They are between 2 milliseconds (millisecond, 10 minus 3 seconds) and 200 milliseconds, and between 100 milliseconds and 2000 milliseconds. At this time, the comparator outputs a positive phase signal 1 to turn on the first field effect transistor 410, and the standby voltage source 150 is coupled to the first power supply control input terminal 141 to receive the first standby voltage 132a. Since the time of T3 is long enough, therefore The voltage conversion circuit 130 has enough time to complete the start-up and output the first standby voltage 132a before the first field effect transistor 410 is turned on.
图6为本发明所揭露一实施例的电源控制单元140中的外接电源侦测电路340的示意图。外接电源侦测电路340包括第一电阻610、第二电阻620、第三电阻630、侦测输出端640、以及侦测开关650。第一电阻610耦接于第二电源供应器121中产生第二待机电压121a的端点与侦测开关控制端651之间。第二电阻620耦接于侦测开关控制端651与接地端之间。第三电阻630耦接于第一电源供应器111中产生第一电压111a的端点与侦测输出端640之间。侦测输出端640用以输出第三开关控制讯号。侦测开关650的通道是耦接于侦测输出端640与接地端之间，且其控制端耦接于侦测开关控制端651。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the external power detection circuit 340 in the power control unit 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The external power detection circuit 340 includes a first resistor 610 , a second resistor 620 , a third resistor 630 , a detection output terminal 640 , and a detection switch 650 . The first resistor 610 is coupled between the terminal of the second power supply 121 generating the second standby voltage 121 a and the detection switch control terminal 651 . The second resistor 620 is coupled between the detection switch control terminal 651 and the ground terminal. The third resistor 630 is coupled between the terminal of the first power supply 111 that generates the first voltage 111a and the detection output terminal 640 . The detection output terminal 640 is used for outputting the third switch control signal. The channel of the detection switch 650 is coupled between the detection output terminal 640 and the ground terminal, and its control terminal is coupled to the detection switch control terminal 651 .
进一步说明，当第二电源供应器121连接于第二电源插槽120时，第二待机电压121a产生电压，侦测开关控制端651的电压上升而导通侦测开关650，因此侦测输出端640的电压为接地端电压，亦即为0伏特，并用以截止第三开关330。而当第二电源供应器121未电性连接于第二电源插槽120且第一电源供应器111连接于第一电源插槽110时，第一电压111a输出电压且第二待机电压121a不具电压输出能力，侦测开关控制端651藉由第二电阻620耦接至接地端，即电压为0伏特，截止侦测开关650。侦测输出端640即藉由第三电阻630耦接至第一电压111a的端点，并用以导通第三开关330。因此，外接电源侦测电路340可以侦测第一电源供应器111以及第二电源供应器121与第一以及第二电源插槽110、120的连接状况，并据以于其侦测输出端640输出第三开关控制讯号以导通或截止第三开关330。To further illustrate, when the second power supply 121 is connected to the second power slot 120, the second standby voltage 121a generates a voltage, and the voltage of the detection switch control terminal 651 rises to turn on the detection switch 650, so the detection output terminal The voltage of 640 is the ground voltage, that is, 0 volts, and is used to turn off the third switch 330 . And when the second power supply 121 is not electrically connected to the second power slot 120 and the first power supply 111 is connected to the first power slot 110, the first voltage 111a outputs a voltage and the second standby voltage 121a has no voltage. For output capability, the detection switch control terminal 651 is coupled to the ground terminal through the second resistor 620 , that is, the voltage is 0 volts, and the detection switch 650 is turned off. The detection output terminal 640 is coupled to the terminal of the first voltage 111 a through the third resistor 630 and used to turn on the third switch 330 . Therefore, the external power supply detection circuit 340 can detect the connection status between the first power supply 111 and the second power supply 121 and the first and second power supply slots 110, 120, and detect the output terminal 640 accordingly. The third switch control signal is output to turn on or turn off the third switch 330 .
图7为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板100中的主动电路的电源连接组态的示意图。主动电路710具有电源输入端711，当计算机装置处于开机状态或待机状态时均需供电予主动电路710以进行操作。第一二极管720的正端耦接于第一电源供应器111中产生第一电压111a的端点，其负端耦接于电源输入端711。第二二极管730的正端耦接于待机电压源150，其负端耦接于电源输入端711。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power connection configuration of active circuits in the motherboard 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The active circuit 710 has a power input terminal 711 , and when the computer device is in a power-on state or a standby state, it needs to supply power to the active circuit 710 for operation. The positive terminal of the first diode 720 is coupled to the terminal of the first power supply 111 generating the first voltage 111 a , and the negative terminal of the first diode 720 is coupled to the power input terminal 711 . The positive end of the second diode 730 is coupled to the standby voltage source 150 , and the negative end thereof is coupled to the power input end 711 .
如图7所示，主动电路可以包括以3.3伏特电压操作的芯片组或是以1.5伏特电压操作的内存模块，以及电压转换电路，将电源输入端711输入的较高电压的电压源，转换为所需的3.3伏特或是1.5伏特电压源。当额定电压值为12伏特或是19伏特的第一电压111a完成启动并输出，例如第一电源供应器111连接第一电源插槽110，或是第二电源供应器121连接于第二电源插槽120且计算机装置完成开机时，电源输入端711由第一电压111a供电。而当第一电压111a并不具有电压输出能力时，电源输入端711则由5伏特的待机电压源150供电。本实施例所揭露的电源连接组态可以隔绝两电压源避免互相漏电，并由电压值较高者进行对主动电路710的供电，且当计算机装置处于开机状态时，主动电路710由供电能力较大的第一电压111a进行供电，因此系统在供电上具有较佳的稳定性。As shown in FIG. 7, the active circuit may include a chipset operating at a voltage of 3.3 volts or a memory module operating at a voltage of 1.5 volts, and a voltage conversion circuit that converts a higher voltage voltage source input at the power input terminal 711 into The required 3.3 volt or 1.5 volt voltage source. When the first voltage 111a with a rated voltage of 12 volts or 19 volts is started and output, for example, the first power supply 111 is connected to the first power socket 110, or the second power supply 121 is connected to the second power socket. slot 120 and the computer device is powered on, the power input terminal 711 is powered by the first voltage 111a. And when the first voltage 111a does not have the voltage output capability, the power input terminal 711 is powered by the 5V standby voltage source 150 . The power connection configuration disclosed in this embodiment can isolate the two voltage sources to avoid mutual leakage, and the active circuit 710 is powered by the one with the higher voltage value, and when the computer device is turned on, the active circuit 710 has a higher power supply capacity. The large first voltage 111a supplies power, so the system has better stability in power supply.
而在另一实施例中，电源输入端711亦可直接连接于待机电压源150，然而当计算机装置处于开机状态时，主动电路710由第一待机电压132a进行供电，其供电能力则小于第一电压111a。In another embodiment, the power input terminal 711 can also be directly connected to the standby voltage source 150, but when the computer device is in the power-on state, the active circuit 710 is powered by the first standby voltage 132a, and its power supply capacity is smaller than the first standby voltage 132a. Voltage 111a.
图8为本发明所揭露一实施例的主机板电源控制方法的步骤流程图，适用于计算机装置中。主机板提供一待机电压源，控制方法包含以下步骤。FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for controlling the power supply of a motherboard according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to a computer device. The motherboard provides a standby voltage source, and the control method includes the following steps.
如步骤810所示，侦测第二电源供应器是否连接第二电源插槽。若第二电源供应器未连接第二电源插槽，则如步骤820所示，待机电压源由第一待机电压提供。若第二电源供应器已连接第二电源插槽，则进行步骤830。As shown in step 810, it is detected whether the second power supply is connected to the second power socket. If the second power supply is not connected to the second power slot, as shown in step 820 , the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage. If the second power supply has been connected to the second power socket, go to step 830 .
如步骤830所示，侦测计算机装置是否为开机状态并输出第一待机电压。若侦测计算机装置不为开机状态，则如步骤840所示，待机电压源由第二待机电压提供。若计算机装置已为开机状态并输出第一待机电压，则如步骤820所示，待机电压源由第一待机电压提供。As shown in step 830, it is detected whether the computer device is powered on and outputs a first standby voltage. If it is detected that the computer device is not powered on, then as shown in step 840 , the standby voltage source is provided by the second standby voltage. If the computer device is powered on and outputs the first standby voltage, as shown in step 820, the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage.
其中步骤810中，更可以包括产生开关控制讯号的步骤。开关控制讯号用以导通或截止一开关，使待机电压源由第一待机电压提供或不由第一待机电压提供，当第二电源供应器连接第二电源插槽时，导通一侦测开关使开关控制讯号的输出截止所述的开关。The step 810 may further include a step of generating a switch control signal. The switch control signal is used to turn on or off a switch, so that the standby voltage source is provided by the first standby voltage or not provided by the first standby voltage, and when the second power supply is connected to the second power slot, a detection switch is turned on The output of the switch control signal is cut off for the switch.
另外，步骤830中，更包括以比较器侦测一电压源指示讯号的步骤。若电压源指示讯号为反相讯号，则比较器输出反相讯号判断计算机装置不为开机状态；若电压源指示讯号为正相讯号，则比较器输出正相讯号判断计算机装置已为开机状态。In addition, step 830 further includes a step of detecting a voltage source indication signal with a comparator. If the voltage source indication signal is an inversion signal, the comparator outputs an inversion signal to judge that the computer device is not in the power-on state; if the voltage source indication signal is a positive-phase signal, the comparator outputs a positive-phase signal to judge that the computer device is in the power-on state.
本发明的功效在于，藉由主机板上的控制电路及其电源控制方法，使主机板能适用于不同类型的电源供应器，可提供客户及终端使用者在挑选电源供应器时有更弹性的选择；再者，本发明所揭露的设计，亦可避免主机板为了适用不同类型的电源供应器，而使同一功能的主机板衍生针对电源供应器变动而造成的重复设计，不但节省了研发成本，也使库存的管理上更为单纯。The effect of the present invention is that, by means of the control circuit on the main board and the power control method thereof, the main board can be applied to different types of power supplies, which can provide customers and end users with more flexibility in selecting power supplies. selection; moreover, the design disclosed in the present invention can also avoid the repeated design of the motherboard with the same function for the change of the power supply in order to adapt to different types of power supplies, which not only saves the research and development cost , It also makes inventory management simpler.
虽然本发明的实施例揭露如上所述，然并非用以限定本发明，任何熟习相关技艺者，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，举凡依本发明申请范围所述的形状、构造、特征及数量当可做些许的变更，因此本发明的专利保护范围须视本说明书所附的权利要求书所界定者为准。Although the embodiments of the present invention are disclosed as above, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the relevant art can use the shapes, structures, and features described in the application scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. and quantity can be slightly changed, so the scope of patent protection of the present invention must be defined by the appended claims of this specification.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101150652 | 2012-12-27 | ||
| TW101150652ATWI503657B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Motherboard and method for power control thereof |
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| CN103901960A CN103901960A (en) | 2014-07-02 |
| CN103901960Btrue CN103901960B (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310072575.XAActiveCN103901960B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2013-03-07 | Motherboard and power control method thereof |
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