CN103900422A - Multi-band target/background generating device - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

一种多波段目标/背景生成装置，包括多波段复合光学系统、多波段目标黑体、多波段背景黑体、靶标组件和二维姿态调整平台，多波段复合光学系统由平面反射镜和离轴抛物面镜组成，所述靶标组件由靶标基座和靶标两部分组成，靶标置于离轴抛物面镜的焦平面上，多波段目标黑体置于靶标后方照射靶标孔后形成目标光束，多波段背景黑体发出的辐射光束照射靶标内表面后形成背景光束，背景光束与目标光束合成一束后由靶标处出射，经由平面反射镜反射到离轴抛物面镜上，再由离轴抛物面镜准直变成平行光束，形成无穷远的多波段目标/背景供待测设备测试使用。本发明可为红外导引头提供无穷远的多波段目标和背景，以检测红外导引头系统的性能。

A multi-band target/background generating device, including a multi-band compound optical system, a multi-band target blackbody, a multi-band background blackbody, a target component, and a two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform. The multi-band compound optical system consists of a plane mirror and an off-axis parabolic mirror The target assembly is composed of two parts, the target base and the target. The target is placed on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror. The multi-band target blackbody is placed behind the target to irradiate the target hole to form a target beam. The multi-band background blackbody emits The radiation beam irradiates the inner surface of the target to form a background beam. The background beam and the target beam are synthesized into one beam and then emerge from the target, reflected by the plane mirror to the off-axis parabolic mirror, and then collimated by the off-axis parabolic mirror to become a parallel beam. An infinite multi-band target/background is formed for testing the device under test. The invention can provide infinitely distant multi-band targets and backgrounds for the infrared guidance head to detect the performance of the infrared guidance head system.

Description

Translated fromChinese

多波段目标/背景生成装置Multiband Target/Background Generation Device

技术领域technical field

本发明属于红外导引头系统测试领域，涉及一种多波段目标/背景生成装置。The invention belongs to the field of infrared seeker system testing and relates to a multi-band target/background generating device.

背景技术Background technique

现有的目标模拟器或平行光管只能为光学导引头提供无穷远的多波段目标，供待测设备测试使用。然而精确制导武器实际工作时处于复杂的环境下，除了目标辐射特性可变外，导引头视场内的背景温度也是变化的。不同的背景温度具有不同的辐射特性，严重影响了导引头系统对目标的探测性能，因此研制能够同时生成多波段目标及背景的导引头测试装置，具有重要的意义。Existing target simulators or collimators can only provide infinitely distant multi-band targets for the optical seeker, which can be used for testing equipment under test. However, precision-guided weapons work in a complex environment. In addition to the variable target radiation characteristics, the background temperature in the field of view of the seeker also changes. Different background temperatures have different radiation characteristics, which seriously affect the detection performance of the seeker system. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a seeker test device that can simultaneously generate multi-band targets and backgrounds.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种多波段目标/背景生成装置，该装置可为红外导引头提供无穷远的多波段目标和背景，以检测红外导引头系统的性能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-band target/background generating device, which can provide infinite multi-band targets and backgrounds for the infrared seeker to detect the performance of the infrared seeker system.

本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种多波段目标/背景生成装置，包括多波段复合光学系统、多波段目标黑体、多波段背景黑体、靶标组件和二维姿态调整平台，二维姿态调整平台上方安装多波段复合光学系统，所述多波段复合光学系统由平面反射镜和离轴抛物面镜组成，所述靶标组件由靶标基座和靶标两部分组成，靶标置于离轴抛物面镜的焦平面上，多波段目标黑体置于靶标后方照射靶标孔后形成目标光束，多波段背景黑体发出的辐射光束照射靶标内表面后形成背景光束，背景光束与目标光束合成一束后由靶标处出射，经由平面反射镜反射到离轴抛物面镜上，再由离轴抛物面镜准直变成平行光束，形成无穷远的多波段目标/背景供待测设备测试使用。A multi-band target/background generating device, comprising a multi-band compound optical system, a multi-band target blackbody, a multi-band background blackbody, a target component, and a two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform, where the multi-band compound optical system is installed above the two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform, the The multi-band composite optical system is composed of a plane reflector and an off-axis parabolic mirror. The target assembly is composed of a target base and a target. The target is placed on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror, and the multi-band target black body is placed on the target The target beam is formed after the target hole is irradiated from the rear, and the radiation beam emitted by the multi-band background blackbody irradiates the inner surface of the target to form a background beam. , and then collimated by an off-axis parabolic mirror into a parallel beam to form an infinite multi-band target/background for the test of the device under test.

本发明中，多波段背景黑体的辐射面法线方向与靶标面法线方向的夹角为一固定值，该值与离轴抛物面镜的离轴距和光学元件的摆放位置有关。系统中各元件的摆放位置能够使来自背景黑体的辐射光束经靶标内表面反射后，与目标光束合为一束进入准直光学系统，而视场外的其它杂散辐射光线则不能进入准直光学系统，进而保证了光学系统的成像质量和出射光束的平行性。In the present invention, the included angle between the normal direction of the radiation surface of the multi-band background black body and the normal direction of the target surface is a fixed value, which is related to the off-axis distance of the off-axis parabolic mirror and the placement position of the optical elements. The placement of each component in the system can make the radiation beam from the background blackbody reflected by the inner surface of the target, merge with the target beam and enter the collimation optical system, while other stray radiation rays outside the field of view cannot enter the collimation optical system. The straight optical system ensures the imaging quality of the optical system and the parallelism of the outgoing beam.

本发明的优点在于通过将靶标内表面抛光、抛亮及镀膜后，靶标内表面工作机理等效于平面反射镜。通过目标黑体照射靶标外表面的靶标图形以及背景黑体照射靶标内表面，能够同时将多波段目标光束与多波段背景光束合成为一束光，再经多波段复合光学系统准直后出射光束为包含目标和背景的平行光。相对以往只能提供多波段目标辐射和均匀背景辐射的目标/背景生成装置，本装置能够提供同时提供多波段目标和背景辐射，满足复杂环境下光学导引头测试使用。The invention has the advantage that after the inner surface of the target is polished, polished and coated, the working mechanism of the inner surface of the target is equivalent to that of a flat mirror. Through the target blackbody irradiating the target pattern on the outer surface of the target and the background blackbody irradiating the inner surface of the target, the multi-band target beam and the multi-band background beam can be synthesized into one beam of light at the same time, and then the outgoing beam is collimated by the multi-band compound optical system. Parallel light for target and background. Compared with previous target/background generating devices that could only provide multi-band target radiation and uniform background radiation, this device can provide multi-band target and background radiation at the same time, meeting the requirements of optical seeker testing in complex environments.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为多波段目标/背景生成装置组成及工作原理示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of a multi-band target/background generating device;

图2为多波段复合光学系统光学仿真示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of optical simulation of a multi-band composite optical system;

图3为光学系统的弥散斑点列图；Fig. 3 is the diffuse speckle diagram of the optical system;

图4为黑体系统工作原理框图。Figure 4 is a block diagram of the working principle of the black body system.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明，但并不局限于此，凡是对本发明技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本发明的保护范围中。The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it is not limited thereto. Any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. within the scope of protection.

一、多波段目标/背景生成装置总体设计1. Overall design of multi-band target/background generation device

如图1所示，本发明提供的多波段目标/背景生成装置的组成主要包括以下几部分：As shown in Figure 1, the composition of the multi-band target/background generating device provided by the present invention mainly includes the following parts:

（1）多波段复合光学系统；(1) Multi-band composite optical system;

（2）多波段目标黑体；(2) multi-band target black body;

（3）多波段背景黑体；(3) Multi-band background black body;

（4）靶标组件；(4) Target components;

（5）二维姿态调整平台。(5) Two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform.

多波段目标/背景生成装置工作时，靶标置于离轴抛物面镜的焦平面上，多波段目标黑体置于靶标后方照射靶标孔后形成目标光束。多波段背景黑体工作温度范围较宽，能够辐射低温和高温光束。背景黑体工作时发出的辐射光束照射靶标内表面（靶标内表面抛光、镀膜后相当于平面反射镜）后形成背景光束。背景光束与目标光束合成一束后由靶标处出射，经由平面反射镜反射到离轴抛物面镜上，再由离轴抛物面镜准直变成平行光束，形成无穷远的多波段目标/背景供待测设备测试使用。二维姿态调整装置是为多波段目标/背景生成装置提供的可在俯仰、偏航二维方向上的姿态调整，出射光束与待测系统同轴。When the multi-band target/background generation device is working, the target is placed on the focal plane of the off-axis parabolic mirror, and the multi-band target black body is placed behind the target to illuminate the target hole to form a target beam. The multi-band background black body has a wide operating temperature range and can radiate low-temperature and high-temperature beams. The background beam is formed when the radiation beam emitted by the background black body irradiates the inner surface of the target (the inner surface of the target is polished and coated, which is equivalent to a flat mirror). The background beam and the target beam are synthesized into one beam and emitted from the target, reflected by the plane mirror to the off-axis parabolic mirror, and then collimated by the off-axis parabolic mirror to become a parallel beam, forming an infinite multi-band target/background for waiting Test equipment used for testing. The two-dimensional attitude adjustment device is a multi-band target/background generation device that can adjust the attitude in the two-dimensional directions of pitch and yaw, and the outgoing beam is coaxial with the system to be measured.

二、多波段目标/背景生成装置分系统设计2. Subsystem design of multi-band target/background generation device

1、多波段复合光学系统设计1. Design of multi-band composite optical system

多波段复合光学系统设计要求出光口径为350毫米，考虑到系统的成像质量要求，系统F数不能过小。对不同焦距下系统成像质量，确定系统焦距为2000毫米。光学系统布局过程中要充分考虑机械元件的挡光问题，为此机械元件与光线见应留有足够的距离。经光学设计软件仿真建模后，得到系统的结构如图2所示，其中离轴抛物面镜焦距为2000毫米，离轴距为430毫米。光学系统的弥散斑点列图如图3所示，系统最大弥散斑尺寸约为0.15毫米，根据瑞利判据，光学系统衍射极限爱里斑尺寸为2.44×波长×F数=0.23毫米，系统弥散斑直径小于爱里斑尺寸，因此多波段复合光学系统成像质量良好。The design of the multi-band composite optical system requires a light output aperture of 350 mm. Considering the imaging quality requirements of the system, the F number of the system should not be too small. For the imaging quality of the system at different focal lengths, the focal length of the system is determined to be 2000 mm. During the layout of the optical system, the problem of light blocking of mechanical components should be fully considered. For this reason, a sufficient distance should be left between the mechanical components and the light. After simulation modeling by optical design software, the structure of the system is shown in Figure 2, where the focal length of the off-axis parabolic mirror is 2000 mm, and the off-axis distance is 430 mm. The diffuse spot diagram of the optical system is shown in Figure 3. The maximum diffuse spot size of the system is about 0.15 mm. According to the Rayleigh criterion, the diffraction-limited Airy disc size of the optical system is 2.44×wavelength×F number=0.23 mm, and the system diffuse The spot diameter is smaller than the Airy spot size, so the imaging quality of the multi-band compound optical system is good.

2、多波段目标及背景黑体设计2. Multi-band target and background black body design

多波段目标及背景黑体系统工作原理如图4所示。目标黑体与背景黑体控制集成在一个控制机箱中，采用同一套供电系统，但在实际工作过程中，两个黑体可以单独控制，相互之间不会产生干扰。The working principle of the multi-band target and background blackbody system is shown in Figure 4. The control of the target blackbody and the background blackbody is integrated in one control box, and the same set of power supply system is used, but in the actual working process, the two blackbodies can be controlled separately without mutual interference.

系统在工作前，根据实际试验要求，首先设定目标黑体温度，PT100传感器实时采集目标黑体辐射面温度，并实时反馈给温度控制器。温度控制器将面源黑体实测值与设定值比较，通过多段PID控制算法，得到输出控制信号。控制信号驱动程控电源电压输出，从而调节阻性加热片功率。其中，程控电源输出电压与控制信号输出成线性关系。通过不断地调节程控电源的输出加热功率，确保面源黑体自然散热功率与加热功率相等，使得面源黑体达到动态平衡，稳定在设定温度值。Before the system works, according to the actual test requirements, first set the target black body temperature, the PT100 sensor collects the target black body radiation surface temperature in real time, and feeds back to the temperature controller in real time. The temperature controller compares the measured value of the surface source blackbody with the set value, and obtains the output control signal through the multi-stage PID control algorithm. The control signal drives the voltage output of the programmable power supply to adjust the power of the resistive heater. Among them, the output voltage of the program-controlled power supply has a linear relationship with the output of the control signal. By continuously adjusting the output heating power of the program-controlled power supply, it is ensured that the natural cooling power of the surface source blackbody is equal to the heating power, so that the surface source blackbody reaches a dynamic balance and stabilizes at the set temperature value.

在设定目标黑体温度的同时，根据试验要求温差，设定背景黑体温度。根据PT100温度传感器反馈回来的背景黑体辐射面的实际温度，背景黑体控制器提供控制信号驱动功率输出器件使面源黑体升温。面源黑体降温时，控制器打开制冷循环系统，将辐射面的热量传导出去。辐射面温度降到室温左右时，控制器打开气泵，空气通过干燥器干燥处理后，充满黑体辐射面附近形成气体保护帘，避免辐射面结霜、结露。While setting the target blackbody temperature, set the background blackbody temperature according to the temperature difference required by the test. According to the actual temperature of the radiation surface of the background black body fed back by the PT100 temperature sensor, the background black body controller provides a control signal to drive the power output device to heat up the surface source black body. When the surface source black body cools down, the controller opens the refrigeration cycle system to conduct the heat from the radiation surface. When the temperature of the radiating surface drops to about room temperature, the controller turns on the air pump, and after the air is dried through the dryer, it is filled with a black body near the radiating surface to form a gas protection curtain to avoid frost and condensation on the radiating surface.

3、靶标组件设计3. Target component design

靶标组件主要包括靶标基座和靶标两部分，靶标基座通过可调连接件安装在多波段复合光学系统焦平面中心，靶标基座具有很高的定位精度，能保证每一次插拔靶标位置相同。The target component mainly includes two parts: the target base and the target. The target base is installed in the center of the focal plane of the multi-band compound optical system through an adjustable connector. The target base has high positioning accuracy and can ensure that the target position is the same every time it is inserted and pulled out. .

靶标基体材料选用紫铜片，材质与面源黑体辐射源辐射板相同，靶标工作面抛光、抛亮，确保表面反射率达到90%以上。靶标厚度为2mm。对于线宽大于3mm的靶标孔直接在靶标板上采用线切割加工成型。小于3mm靶标在厚度为0.3mm的紫铜板上采用激光加工成型后，粘贴在基体靶标板上。The base material of the target is made of copper sheet, which is the same material as the radiation plate of the surface source blackbody radiation source. The working surface of the target is polished and polished to ensure that the surface reflectivity reaches more than 90%. The target thickness is 2mm. For the target hole with a line width greater than 3mm, it is directly formed on the target plate by wire cutting. The target less than 3mm is formed on a copper plate with a thickness of 0.3mm by laser processing, and then pasted on the base target plate.

4、二维姿态调整平台4. Two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform

二维姿态调整平台主要由铸铝平台和二维姿态调整机构组成。通过调节二维姿态调整装置，可以使多波段复合光学系在俯仰和偏航方向的运动，方便复合光学系统的出射光束与待测设备对准。The two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform is mainly composed of a cast aluminum platform and a two-dimensional attitude adjustment mechanism. By adjusting the two-dimensional attitude adjustment device, the multi-band composite optical system can be moved in the pitch and yaw directions, so as to facilitate the alignment of the outgoing beam of the composite optical system with the device to be tested.

工作时，铸铝平台上方安装多波段复合光学系统，下方与二维姿态调整装置连接。二维姿态调整装置具有俯仰和偏航的运动性能，进行俯仰运动时，可将二维姿态调整装置的耐磨丝杆升起或下降；进行偏航运动时，可将二维姿态调整装置的滑轮降下，以完成偏航运动，待出射平行光束与待测设备对准后，可将滑轮升起，此时二维姿态调整平台固定不动，处于稳定状态。When working, a multi-band composite optical system is installed above the cast aluminum platform, and the bottom is connected with a two-dimensional attitude adjustment device. The two-dimensional attitude adjustment device has the motion performance of pitching and yaw. When the pitching motion is performed, the wear-resistant screw of the two-dimensional attitude adjustment device can be raised or lowered; when the yaw motion is performed, the two-dimensional attitude adjustment device can be moved The pulley is lowered to complete the yaw movement. After the outgoing parallel beam is aligned with the device under test, the pulley can be raised. At this time, the two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform is fixed and in a stable state.

Claims (10)

1. multiband target/Background generation device, it is characterized in that described generating apparatus comprises multiband complex optics, multiband target black matrix, multiband background black matrix, target assembly and two-dimensional attitude are adjusted platform, two-dimensional attitude is adjusted platform top multiband complex optics is installed, described multiband complex optics is made up of plane mirror and off axis paraboloidal mirror, described target assembly is made up of target pedestal and target two parts, target is placed on the focal plane of off axis paraboloidal mirror, multiband target black matrix is placed in after target hole is irradiated at target rear and forms target beam, the radiation laser beam that multiband background black matrix sends forms background light beam after irradiating target inner surface, background light beam and target beam synthetic a branch of after by the outgoing of target place, reflex on off axis paraboloidal mirror via plane mirror, become collimated light beam by off axis paraboloidal mirror collimation again, multiband target/the background that forms infinity is tested for Devices to test.

2. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the matrix material of described target is selected copper sheet, and material is identical with multiband background blackbody radiation source radiant panel with multiband target black matrix.

3. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the radiating surface normal direction of described multiband background black matrix and the angle of target face normal direction are a fixed value, this value is relevant with the putting position from wheelbase and optical element of off axis paraboloidal mirror.

4. according to the multiband target/Background generation device described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that described target surface reflectivity is more than 90%.

5. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 4, is characterized in that described target thickness is 2mm.

6. according to the multiband target/Background generation device described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterized in that inner surface polishing, the plated film of described target.

7. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described target pedestal is arranged on center, multiband complex optics focal plane.

8. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described two-dimensional attitude adjustment platform is made up of cast aluminium platform and two-dimensional attitude guiding mechanism, multiband complex optics is installed in cast aluminium platform top, and below is connected with two-dimensional attitude adjusting device.

9. according to the multiband target/Background generation device described in claim 1,7 or 8, the bright dipping bore that it is characterized in that described multiband complex optics is 350 millimeters, and focal length is 2000 millimeters.

10. multiband target/Background generation device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described off axis paraboloidal mirror focal length is 2000 millimeters, is 430 millimeters from wheelbase.

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