技术领域technical field
本发明属于三维地质模型领域，特别是涉及一种山地城市区域地质三维模型构建集成方法。The invention belongs to the field of three-dimensional geological models, and in particular relates to an integrated method for building a three-dimensional geological model of mountainous urban areas.
背景技术Background technique
三维地质建模以各种原始数据为基础，建立起能够反映地质构造形态、构造关系以及地质体内部属性变化规律的数字化模型。这些原始数据包括钻孔、剖面、地震数据、等深图、地质图、地形图、物探数据、化探数据、工程勘察数据、水文监测数据等。通过适当的可视化方式，该数字化模型能够展现虚拟的真实地质环境，帮助用户对地质环境进行直观理解，方便不同层次用户之间的思想交流。更重要的是，基于模型的数值模拟和空间分析，能够辅助用户进行科学决策和风险规避。Based on various original data, 3D geological modeling establishes a digital model that can reflect the shape of geological structures, structural relationships, and changes in the internal attributes of geological bodies. These raw data include boreholes, profiles, seismic data, isobath maps, geological maps, topographic maps, geophysical data, geochemical data, engineering survey data, hydrological monitoring data, etc. Through appropriate visualization methods, the digital model can display the virtual real geological environment, help users intuitively understand the geological environment, and facilitate the exchange of ideas between users at different levels. More importantly, model-based numerical simulation and spatial analysis can assist users in scientific decision-making and risk avoidance.
地质剖面是地质调查中十分重要的数据。利用交叉剖面数据进行三维地质模型的构建同样也是国内外学者的研究焦点。该方法的基本思路就是采用“分而自治”的思想将建模空间划分为多个网格，对交叉网格剖面进行一致性处理，以保证所有交叉剖面在交叉处地质分层和地层高程的一致；然后分别对每个网格进行构模，在单元格的构模过程中保证地质体公共层面只生成一次，并被上下地质体所公用，从而保证模型几何、拓扑的一致性；最后合并所有单元格内的块体形成最终的以地层为单位组织的地质模型。Geological profiles are very important data in geological surveys. The construction of 3D geological models using cross-section data is also the research focus of scholars at home and abroad. The basic idea of this method is to divide the modeling space into multiple grids with the idea of "division and autonomy", and perform consistent processing on the cross-grid sections to ensure that all cross-sections have the same geological layering and stratigraphic elevation at the intersection. Consistent; then model each grid separately, and ensure that the common level of the geological body is only generated once during the modeling process of the unit cell, and is shared by the upper and lower geological bodies, so as to ensure the consistency of the model geometry and topology; finally merge The blocks within all cells form the final stratigraphically organized geological model.
地质三维模型的构建中，TIN（Triangulated Irregular Network,不规则三角网）模型主要是用来实现工程区域复杂的数字表达的一种方式，是通过用一系列互不交叉、互不重叠的连接在一起的三角面来逼近地质体的层面。在利用剖面网格构建地质体模型时，获得地层面轮廓线同时，需要通过一种插值算法来对地层轮廓线进行空间预插值，来模拟地质层面。常见的用于地质界面模拟的插值方法有克里金（Kring）方法、离散光滑插值（DSI）方法、形态渐变Morphing方法等。In the construction of geological 3D model, TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network, irregular triangular network) model is mainly used to realize the complex digital expression of the engineering area. The same triangular surface is used to approach the layer of the geological body. When using the section grid to construct the geological body model, while obtaining the contour of the stratum, it is necessary to use an interpolation algorithm to perform spatial pre-interpolation on the contour of the stratum to simulate the geological stratum. The common interpolation methods used for geological interface simulation include the Kring method, the discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) method, and the Morphing method.
离散光滑插值（DSI）方法是依赖于网络结点的拓扑关系，不以空间坐标为参数，是一种不受维数限制的插值方法。其基本内容是对于一个离散化的自然体模型，建立相互之间联系的网络，利用网络上结点网格邻接关系，由已知的结点函数值估算未知结点的函数值。The discrete smooth interpolation (DSI) method relies on the topological relationship of the network nodes and does not take the spatial coordinates as a parameter. It is an interpolation method that is not limited by the number of dimensions. Its basic content is to establish a network connected with each other for a discretized natural body model, and use the node grid adjacency relationship on the network to estimate the function value of the unknown node from the known node function value.
形态渐变Morphing插值方法，Morphing是一种形态渐变技术，最初用于计算机图像处理中从初始图像到目标图像的平滑渐变。Morphing不仅能够实现颜色渐变，而且还可以对形状进行内插。同样利用该技术在相邻地质体轮廓线之间插值生成一系列的形态渐变的中间轮廓，再基于轮廓线算法进行三维重构，将能够实现较为光滑的地质体界面。Morphing interpolation method, Morphing is a morphological gradient technology, originally used in computer image processing for the smooth gradient from the initial image to the target image. Morphing not only enables color gradients, but also interpolates shapes. Also use this technology to interpolate between the contours of adjacent geological bodies to generate a series of intermediate contours with gradual changes in shape, and then perform 3D reconstruction based on the contour line algorithm to achieve a smoother geological body interface.
空间拓扑关系描述的是基本的空间目标点、线、面之间的邻接、关联和包含关系。空间数据的拓扑关系对于数据处理和空间分析具有重要意义，拓扑关系能够清楚的反应空间实体之间的逻辑结构关系；利用拓扑关系能够根伟高效对空间要素进行查询、分析；利用拓扑关系能够更有效的构建空间实体。The spatial topological relationship describes the adjacency, association and containment relationship among the basic spatial target points, lines and surfaces. The topological relationship of spatial data is of great significance for data processing and spatial analysis. Topological relationship can clearly reflect the logical structure relationship between spatial entities; the use of topological relationship can efficiently query and analyze spatial elements; Effectively construct spatial entities.
XML（eXtensible Markup Language，可扩展标记语言）是元标记语言，可通过它定制针对不同数据和应用环境的标记。它以统一、开放、基于文本格式的模式来自我定义和描述数据结构，在描述数据内容的同时能突出对于结构的描述，从而体现出数据之间的关系，以便在用户和程序之间交换信息。针对XML自描述、可扩展、形式和内容分离、说适用于数据交换等优势，结合地质模型数据特点，研究了利用自定义的XML索引文件，在三维数字城市平台中集成对应的地质三维模型的集成方法。XML (eXtensible Markup Language, eXtensible Markup Language) is a meta-markup language, through which tags for different data and application environments can be customized. It defines and describes the data structure in a unified, open, and text-based format. It can highlight the description of the structure while describing the content of the data, so as to reflect the relationship between the data and exchange information between users and programs. . Aiming at the advantages of XML self-description, extensibility, separation of form and content, and suitability for data exchange, etc., combined with the characteristics of geological model data, the method of integrating the corresponding geological 3D model in the 3D digital city platform by using a custom XML index file is studied. Integration method.
现有技术无法很好的解决山地城市区域地质三维模型的构建。区域地质三维模型是用于反映该地区大范围区域地质构造情况的三维地质模型它具有覆盖面积大、地层深度深、地质构造复杂、地层分组划分较粗略的特点，现有的地质三维模型构建主要是针对深度仅达几十米的工程地质层，而且多使用的是基于钻孔数据的水平层面自动建模的方法构建。目前在一些平原大型城市也对区域地质模型的构建进行了一系列的探索，但是鉴于平原区域的地质构造相对简单，断层、褶皱等地质构造相对较少，对山地城市的区域地质三维模型构建不具有太多参考价值，因此对于山地城市区域地质三维模型构建的还是一个我们急需要解决的问题。The existing technology cannot solve the construction of the three-dimensional geological model of the mountainous urban area well. The regional geological 3D model is a 3D geological model used to reflect the large-scale regional geological structure of the region. It has the characteristics of large coverage area, deep stratum depth, complex geological structure, and rough stratum grouping. The existing geological 3D model construction mainly It is aimed at engineering geological layers with a depth of only tens of meters, and is mostly constructed by the method of automatic horizontal layer modeling based on drilling data. At present, a series of explorations have been made on the construction of regional geological models in some large cities on the plains. However, in view of the relatively simple geological structures in plain areas, and relatively few geological structures such as faults and folds, it is not enough to construct regional geological 3D models in mountainous cities. It has too much reference value, so it is still a problem that we urgently need to solve for the construction of the three-dimensional geological model of mountainous urban areas.
现有技术无法在三维可视化平台环境下对三维地质模型数据进行有效的集成和应用。目前我国在三维地质建模领域的已经陆续开展了越来越多的研究工作，也取得了一定的成果数据，建立了一定区域的不同尺度的三维地质模型。但是如何能有效将该成果数据以较为直观的方式呈现给相关人员，如何有效的对三维地质模型进行集成并将其应用到相关行业工作中，同样也是急需解决的问题。The existing technology cannot effectively integrate and apply the 3D geological model data in the environment of the 3D visualization platform. At present, more and more research work has been carried out in the field of 3D geological modeling in my country, and certain results have been obtained, and 3D geological models of different scales in a certain area have been established. However, how to effectively present the result data to relevant personnel in a more intuitive way, and how to effectively integrate the 3D geological model and apply it to related industries are also problems that need to be solved urgently.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够准确构建山地城市区域地质三维模型的方法。In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method capable of accurately constructing a three-dimensional geological model of mountainous urban areas.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种山地城市区域地质三维模型构建集成方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行：In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a method for building and integrating a three-dimensional geological model of a mountainous city region, which is characterized in that it proceeds in the following steps:
步骤一、构建区域地质剖面框架；Step 1. Construct a regional geological section framework;
步骤二、绘制区域地质剖面；Step 2, draw the regional geological section;
步骤三、构建区域地质三维模型；Step 3, constructing a regional geological three-dimensional model;
步骤四、进行区域地质模型成果集成。Step 4: Integration of regional geological model results.
较佳的，步骤一中所述构建区域地质剖面框架按包括基础数据资料收集、二维地质调查平面图上布设剖面、剖面线与地形地质数据预处理、形成区域地质二维剖面框架图；Preferably, the construction of the regional geological profile framework described in step 1 includes the collection of basic data, the layout of the profile on the two-dimensional geological survey plan, the preprocessing of the profile line and the topographic geological data, and the formation of the regional geological two-dimensional profile frame;
基础数据资料收集是在确定进行区域地质三维建模的实验区域之后，针对该区域收集其基础遥感影像资料、基础地形DEM数据、区域地质调查图、区域地质调查剖面、区域地质调查报告；The collection of basic data is to collect the basic remote sensing image data, basic terrain DEM data, regional geological survey map, regional geological survey section and regional geological survey report after determining the experimental area for regional geological three-dimensional modeling;
获取基础资料后，针对该区域的地质构造特点，在垂直和平行地质构造轴向方向布设剖面线，形成该区域的剖面网格；After obtaining the basic data, according to the geological structure characteristics of the area, the profile lines are laid out in the direction vertical and parallel to the axial direction of the geological structure to form the section grid of the area;
对于已经布设好的剖面，结合该区域的基础地形DEM数据、区域地质分界线数据，进行剖面线数据预处理，给剖面线赋予地形高程值，标定地质分界线坐标和相邻区域的地质属性，形成二维剖面框架；在获得二维剖面框架的同时，根据二维剖面网格布设时网格间的公共点和公共面以及最终的模型构建顺序，确定剖面网格的拓扑关系。For the profile that has been laid out, combined with the basic terrain DEM data and regional geological boundary data of the area, the profile line data is preprocessed, the topographic elevation value is assigned to the profile line, and the coordinates of the geological boundary line and the geological attributes of the adjacent area are calibrated. Form a two-dimensional section frame; while obtaining a two-dimensional section frame, determine the topological relationship of the section grid according to the common points and common surfaces between the grids and the final model construction sequence when the two-dimensional section grid is laid out.
较佳的，步骤二中所述绘制区域地质剖面按以下步骤进行：Preferably, the drawing of the regional geological profile described in step 2 is carried out in the following steps:
A1、导入虚拟钻孔；A1. Import virtual drilling;
A2、在二维剖面框架的基础上结合区域地质调查资料中的地层产状绘制三维剖面图；A2. On the basis of the two-dimensional profile frame, draw a three-dimensional profile map in combination with the stratum occurrence in the regional geological survey data;
A3、剖面地层年代属性检查修改，修改错误的地层属性。A3. Check and modify the age attributes of section strata, and modify the wrong stratum attributes.
较佳的，步骤三中所述构建区域地质三维模型按以下步骤进行：Preferably, the construction of the regional geological three-dimensional model described in step three is carried out in the following steps:
B1、构建区域三维剖面网格；将步骤二中得到的三维剖面图导入集景三维数字城市平台的三维建模场景中形成区域三维剖面网格；B1. Constructing a regional three-dimensional section grid; importing the three-dimensional section diagram obtained in step two into the three-dimensional modeling scene of the Jijing three-dimensional digital city platform to form a regional three-dimensional section grid;
B2、单个网格地质模型构建；根据步骤B1得到的各三维剖面网格，构建相应的地层面，形成闭合的地质体；单个三维剖面网格内，利用地质体之间的地质层面的拓扑关系对各地质体进行层层叠加，形成该三维剖面网格的地质模型；B2. Construction of a single grid geological model; according to the three-dimensional section grids obtained in step B1, construct corresponding stratigraphic layers to form a closed geological body; in a single three-dimensional section grid, use the topological relationship of the geological layers between geological bodies Overlay each geologic body layer by layer to form a geological model of the three-dimensional section grid;
B3、全区网格地质模型拼合；利用三维剖面网格间的拓扑关系，对单个三维剖面网格的地质模型进行拼合，形成整个区域的三维地质模型。B3. Combine the geological model of the whole area grid; use the topological relationship between the 3D section grids to combine the geological model of a single 3D section grid to form a 3D geological model of the entire area.
较佳的，步骤四中所述进行区域地质模型成果集成按以下步骤进行：Preferably, the integration of the results of the regional geological model described in Step 4 is carried out in the following steps:
C1、区域地质三维模型成果数据转换；将区域地质三维模型的成果数据转换成通用三维模型；C1. Data conversion of the regional geological 3D model results; convert the result data of the regional geological 3D model into a general 3D model;
C2、创建成果数据集成索引文件；导入步骤C1得到的通用三维模型和其对应的地层属性文件到GeoML索引生成工具，生成用于集成区域地质三维模型数据的GeoML索引文件；C2, create the result data integration index file; import the general three-dimensional model obtained in step C1 and its corresponding stratum attribute file to the GeoML index generation tool, and generate the GeoML index file for integrating the regional geological three-dimensional model data;
C3、区域地质三维模型成果集成模拟显示：通过所述GeoML索引文件将区域地质三维模型成果数据集成到三维数字城市平台中。C3. The integrated simulation display of the 3D regional geological model results: the data of the 3D regional geological model results are integrated into the 3D digital city platform through the GeoML index file.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明实现了山地城市区域地质三维模型的构建，由于结合了山地城市的地质构造特点，依照从构建剖面框架、绘制剖面、构建地质模型的流程，利用剖面构建地质模型的方法，更加准确的完成了山地城市区域地质三维模型的构建。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention realizes the construction of the regional geological three-dimensional model of the mountainous city. Due to the combination of the geological structure characteristics of the mountainous city, according to the process of building a section frame, drawing the section, and constructing the geological model, the geological model is constructed by using the section The method has completed the construction of the three-dimensional geological model of the mountainous urban area more accurately.
本发明还实现了区域地质三维模型的可视化集成，为地质专题应用分析提供了数据基础，本发明对于形成的区域地质三维模型成果数据，实现了在三维数字城市平台的可视化集成模拟，并能三维场景中实现对区域地质三维模型的实时地质分析。The present invention also realizes the visualized integration of the regional geological three-dimensional model, which provides a data basis for geological special application analysis. For the result data of the regional geological three-dimensional model, the present invention realizes the visualized integrated simulation on the three-dimensional digital city platform, and can realize three-dimensional The real-time geological analysis of the regional geological 3D model is realized in the scene.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一具体实施方式的流程示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
图2是剖面网格中AEFB剖面与CED剖面的相关位置关系示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the AEFB profile and the CED profile in the profile grid.
图3是绘制AEFB剖面的示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram for drawing the profile of an AEFB.
图4是虚拟钻孔示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of virtual drilling.
图5是绘制CED剖面示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of drawing a cross-section of a CED.
图6是单个网格地质体叠加示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of superposition of a single grid geological body.
图7是整个区域的网格地质体拼合示意图。Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of grid geological body stitching in the whole area.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described:
如图1所示，一种山地城市区域地质三维模型构建集成方法,其特征在于按以下步骤进行：As shown in Figure 1, an integrated method for building a three-dimensional geological model of a mountainous city region is characterized in that it proceeds in the following steps:
步骤一、构建区域地质剖面框架；Step 1. Construct a regional geological section framework;
步骤二、绘制区域地质剖面；Step 2, draw the regional geological section;
步骤三、构建区域地质三维模型；Step 3, constructing a regional geological three-dimensional model;
步骤四、进行区域地质模型成果集成。Step 4: Integration of regional geological model results.
步骤一中所述构建区域地质剖面框架按包括基础数据资料收集、二维地质调查平面图上布设剖面、剖面线与地形地质数据预处理、形成区域地质二维剖面框架图；The construction of the regional geological profile frame described in step 1 includes the collection of basic data, the layout of the profile on the two-dimensional geological survey plan, the preprocessing of the profile line and the topographic geological data, and the formation of the regional geological two-dimensional profile frame;
基础数据资料收集是在确定进行区域地质三维建模的实验区域之后，针对该区域收集其基础遥感影像资料、基础地形DEM数据、区域地质调查图、区域地质调查剖面、区域地质调查报告；The collection of basic data is to collect the basic remote sensing image data, basic terrain DEM data, regional geological survey map, regional geological survey section and regional geological survey report after determining the experimental area for regional geological three-dimensional modeling;
获取基础资料后，针对该区域的地质构造特点，在垂直和平行地质构造轴向方向布设剖面线，形成该区域的剖面网格；After obtaining the basic data, according to the geological structure characteristics of the area, the profile lines are laid out in the direction vertical and parallel to the axial direction of the geological structure to form the section grid of the area;
对于已经布设好的剖面，结合该区域的基础地形DEM数据、区域地质分界线数据，进行剖面线数据预处理，给剖面线赋予地形高程值，标定地质分界线坐标和相邻区域的地质属性，形成能够在CAD进行绘制的二维剖面框架；在获得二维剖面框架的同时，根据二维剖面网格布设时网格间的公共点和公共面以及最终的模型构建顺序，确定剖面网格的拓扑关系。For the profile that has been laid out, combined with the basic terrain DEM data and regional geological boundary data of the area, the profile line data is preprocessed, the topographic elevation value is assigned to the profile line, and the coordinates of the geological boundary line and the geological attributes of the adjacent area are calibrated. Form a two-dimensional section frame that can be drawn in CAD; while obtaining the two-dimensional section frame, determine the section grid’s position according to the common points and surfaces between the grids and the final model construction sequence when the two-dimensional section grid is laid out topological relationship.
步骤二中所述绘制区域地质剖面按以下步骤进行：The drawing of the regional geological section described in the second step is carried out in the following steps:
A1、导入虚拟钻孔；A1. Import virtual drilling;
A2、在二维剖面框架的基础上结合区域地质调查资料中的地层产状绘制三维剖面图；A2. On the basis of the two-dimensional profile frame, draw a three-dimensional profile map in combination with the stratum occurrence in the regional geological survey data;
A3、剖面地层年代属性检查修改，修改错误的地层属性。A3. Check and modify the age attributes of section strata, and modify the wrong stratum attributes.
通过以上流程，我们得到了能够在CAD中绘制的二维剖面框架图，为得到该区域的三维剖面网格，需在剖面框架的基础上结合区域地质调查资料中的地层产状进行剖面绘制。为使剖面网格中纵横剖面交点处的地质界线点完全重合，需要引入虚拟钻孔的概念。虚拟钻孔是针对已经绘制好的某一剖面，在其和其他剖面的交点处生成能够反映该点竖直方向地层分界点高程的虚拟数据，指导相交剖面的绘制，从而解决交叉剖面的一致性问题。导入虚拟钻孔并结合地层产状，就可以绘制相应的剖面图。Through the above process, we obtained a two-dimensional section frame diagram that can be drawn in CAD. In order to obtain a three-dimensional section grid in this area, it is necessary to draw a section on the basis of the section frame combined with the stratum occurrence in the regional geological survey data. In order to completely coincide the geological boundary points at the intersection of vertical and horizontal profiles in the profile grid, the concept of virtual borehole needs to be introduced. The virtual borehole is aimed at a profile that has been drawn, and generates virtual data that can reflect the elevation of the stratum boundary point in the vertical direction at the intersection point of it and other profiles, guiding the drawing of the intersecting profile, so as to solve the consistency of the crossing profile question. By importing virtual boreholes and combining stratigraphic occurrences, the corresponding profile can be drawn.
如图2所示，剖面网格中所标示的剖面AEFB剖面和CED剖面，此两条剖面有共同的交点E点。同时通过布设剖面的位置和地质调查底图的关系，可以发现AEFB剖面为与该区域构造地质产状相垂直的剖面，CED剖面为与该区域构造地质产状相平行的剖面，因此在人工绘制地质剖面时，会首先绘制有较多地层产状参考信息的AEFB剖面，再绘制地层产状参考信息较少的CED剖面。As shown in Figure 2, the section AEFB section and the CED section marked in the section grid have a common intersection point E. At the same time, through the relationship between the position of the layout section and the geological survey base map, it can be found that the AEFB section is a section perpendicular to the structural geological occurrence of the area, and the CED section is a section parallel to the structural geological occurrence of the area. In the geological profile, the AEFB profile with more stratigraphic occurrence reference information will be drawn first, and then the CED profile with less stratigraphic occurrence reference information will be drawn.
如图3所示，在绘制第一条剖面AEFB剖面时，结合步骤一中获取的区域地质剖面框架，同时结合该区域地质调查资料中的此段剖面线上的地层产状角度信息，绘制不同地层界面线。As shown in Fig. 3, when drawing the first section AEFB section, combined with the regional geological section frame obtained in step 1, and combined with the stratum occurrence angle information on this section line in the regional geological survey data, draw different stratum boundary line.
如图4所示，在AEFB剖面中绘制的不同地层界面线，会同A、E、F、B四个剖面拐点相交，此时将AEFB四个拐点定义为虚拟钻孔点，记录虚拟钻孔点沿线上的与地层界面的相交点的位置信息、高程信息、交点上下界面的属性信息，并保存为的虚拟钻孔数据。As shown in Figure 4, the different formation boundary lines drawn in the AEFB profile intersect with the four inflection points of the A, E, F, and B profiles. At this time, the four inflection points of the AEFB are defined as virtual drilling points, and the virtual drilling points are recorded The location information, elevation information, and attribute information of the upper and lower interfaces of the intersection points along the line and the stratum interface are saved as virtual borehole data.
如图5所示，在绘制CED剖面，由于CED剖面所含的地层产状信息较少，需要导入CED剖面同AEFB剖面的交点E点的虚拟钻孔数据，通过E点虚拟钻孔数据中的地层分界点的高程、上下属性参考来绘制CED剖面的地层层面线。As shown in Fig. 5, when drawing the CED profile, since the CED profile contains less stratum occurrence information, it is necessary to import the virtual borehole data of the intersection point E of the CED profile and the AEFB profile. The elevation and upper and lower attributes of the stratigraphic boundary point are used as reference to draw the stratigraphic layer line of the CED profile.
通过区域地质调查资料和虚拟钻孔的参考完成所有二维剖面绘制后，需对绘制好的剖面面域进行地层年代属性检查，修改错误的地层属性。完成以上步骤后，就可以将绘制的二维剖面数据，通过二维到三维的坐标转换，得到能够进行三维剖面数据。After drawing all two-dimensional profiles with the reference of regional geological survey data and virtual boreholes, it is necessary to check the stratigraphic age attributes of the drawn profile domains and correct the wrong stratigraphic attributes. After the above steps are completed, the drawn two-dimensional profile data can be converted from two-dimensional to three-dimensional coordinates to obtain three-dimensional profile data.
步骤三中所述构建区域地质三维模型按以下步骤进行：The construction of the regional geological three-dimensional model described in the third step is carried out in the following steps:
B1、构建区域三维剖面网格；将步骤二中得到的三维剖面图导入集景三维数字城市平台的三维建模场景中形成区域三维剖面网格；B1. Constructing a regional three-dimensional section grid; importing the three-dimensional section diagram obtained in step two into the three-dimensional modeling scene of the Jijing three-dimensional digital city platform to form a regional three-dimensional section grid;
B2、单个网格地质模型构建；根据步骤B1得到的各三维剖面网格，根据具体的地层面状况，通过选择无内插点三角剖分、DSI三角剖分或Morphing三角剖分来构建相应的地层面，形成闭合的地质体；本实施例中，采取Morphing三角剖分来实现。单个三维剖面网格内，利用地质体之间的地质层面的拓扑关系对各地质体进行层层叠加，形成该三维剖面网格的地质模型；B2, construction of a single grid geological model; according to each three-dimensional section grid obtained in step B1, according to the specific stratum level conditions, construct the corresponding triangulation by selecting no interpolation point triangulation, DSI triangulation or Morphing triangulation The formation layer forms a closed geological body; in this embodiment, Morphing triangulation is adopted to realize. In a single three-dimensional section grid, the topological relationship between geological layers is used to superimpose each geological body layer by layer to form a geological model of the three-dimensional section grid;
B3、全区网格地质模型拼合；利用三维剖面网格间的拓扑关系，对单个三维剖面网格的地质模型进行拼合，形成整个区域的三维地质模型。B3. Combine the geological model of the whole area grid; use the topological relationship between the 3D section grids to combine the geological model of a single 3D section grid to form a 3D geological model of the entire area.
如图6所示，图中的a至d显示了单个网格内地质模型的叠加构建过程。单个网格内的地质体模型通过其所属网格、位置属性和两个地质体之间的公共地层界面，形成了地质体之间的拓扑关系，利用该拓扑关系，即可对地质体进行层层叠加，形成单个网格内完整地质体。As shown in Fig. 6, a to d in the figure show the overlay construction process of the geological model in a single grid. The geological body model in a single grid forms the topological relationship between the geological bodies through the grid to which it belongs, the location attribute and the common stratigraphic interface between the two geological bodies. Layers are superimposed to form a complete geological body in a single grid.
如图7所示，图中的a至d显示了整个区域内三维地质模型拼合构建过程。整个区域内网格间的地质模型通过其所属网格、位置属性和相邻网格间的公共剖面，形成了网格间的拓扑关系，利用该拓扑关系，即可对网格地质体进行拼合，形成整个区域内完整的质体。最后将区域地质三维模型成果输出。As shown in Figure 7, a to d in the figure show the construction process of the 3D geological model in the whole area. The geological model between the grids in the whole area forms a topological relationship between the grids through its own grid, location attributes and common sections between adjacent grids. Using this topological relationship, the grid geological bodies can be combined , forming a complete plastid in the entire region. Finally, the results of the regional geological 3D model are output.
步骤四中所述进行区域地质模型成果集成按以下步骤进行：The integration of the results of the regional geological model described in Step 4 is carried out in the following steps:
C1、区域地质三维模型成果数据转换；将区域地质三维模型保存成格式为.ts的文件；ts文件是存储的构成三维模型的所有点、线、面的坐标及其之间拓扑关系；将区域地质三维模型的成果数据进行格式转换，转换成通用三维模型.obj文件格式；C1. Data conversion of regional geological three-dimensional model results; save the regional geological three-dimensional model into a file in the format of .ts; the ts file is the stored coordinates of all points, lines, and surfaces that constitute the three-dimensional model and the topological relationship between them; Format conversion of the results data of the geological 3D model into a general 3D model .obj file format;
C2、创建成果数据集成索引文件；导入步骤C1得到的通用三维模型和其对应的地层属性文件到GeoML索引生成工具，生成用于集成区域地质三维模型数据的GeoML索引文件；GeoML是在XML的基础上，自定义的用于在三维数字城市平台上集成三维地质模型的索引文件，该文件中根据平台的集成数据的需求定义了相应的工程标签、组标签、文件标签、文件属性标签等；C2. Create the result data integration index file; import the general 3D model obtained in step C1 and its corresponding stratum attribute file to the GeoML index generation tool to generate a GeoML index file for integrating regional geological 3D model data; GeoML is based on XML On the 3D digital city platform, a custom index file is used to integrate the 3D geological model, which defines the corresponding project tags, group tags, file tags, file attribute tags, etc. according to the requirements of the integrated data of the platform;
C3、区域地质三维模型成果集成模拟显示：通过所述GeoML索引文件将区域地质三维模型成果数据集成到三维数字城市平台中。C3. The integrated simulation display of the 3D regional geological model results: the data of the 3D regional geological model results are integrated into the 3D digital city platform through the GeoML index file.
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
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