A kind of seismic reflector method of closingTechnical field
The present invention is petroleum exploration field seismic reflector identification technology, be a kind of make different directions identification samelyShake reflecting interface method of closing.
Background technology
In petroleum and natural gas seismic prospecting, the seismic data formed after frequently with 3-D seismics information processing carries out groundThe identification of shake reflecting interface.These interfaces can be reflected by the waveform of seismic wave, forms seismic reflector.GroundThe identification of shake reflecting interface has a variety of method, the most frequently used recognition methods to be the seismic data of earthquake-capturing to be drawnBecome seismic profile, by manually identifying the seismic reflector reflected by seismic data on seismic profile.Wherein,3-D seismics wave datum stores in the 3 D stereo mode of rule, and horizontal direction presses line, road arrangement, a 3-D seismicsData have some lines, if having arterial highway on every line；The point data that several time domains are discrete is had in each road in longitudinal direction,Multichannel seismic data is drawn out continuously and i.e. can be shown as seismic cross-section.3-D seismics wave datum composition has oneThe transverse and longitudinal net region at fixed interval, can reflect the geological condition in a region.Seismic reflector is also according to this gridA curved surface is shown as with discrete point.The process of identification seismic reflector is exactly with consecutive shock road as background, passes throughOn each seismic channel, the degree of depth at labelling seismic reflector place or time location, ultimately form a group of grid interfaceDepth value, and be saved in magnetic disk media.And one of the emphasis that faces of this recognition methods and difficulties, it is simply thatThe two dimensional cross-section of different directions identifies the closed-ended question at same reflection interface in the range of three-dimensional spatial area, onlyThe seismic reflector that all directions all close just is identified as the seismic reflector of merit.
The background of seismic reflector identification be by three dimensions in the range of multiple tracks seismic data in horizontal or vertical directionContinuously display, be depicted as two dimensional cross-section.And arrange to be defined as a direction main profile section, other direction definesFor cross-track section.Seismic reflector identification carrys out labelling on these sections.But owing to utilizing theseDuring seismic wave reflection subterranean interface uncertain to the subjective understanding of subsurface reflective boundary and the two of seismic profiling informationJustice, causing can to the position of same reflection Interface Mark on different angles i.e. main profile section and cross-track sectionCan understanding difference.Application personnel need repeatedly to switch the section of both different directions, revise mark position, the most reallyRecognize labelling.But due to pip only one of which labelling point on a seismic channel, when in one direction (such as main surveyLine section) after labelling, if being modified labelling at another direction (such as cross-track section), and have oneFixed difference (mis-tie misclosure), owing to this labelling action is all carried out continuously, labeled after, cut open at cross-trackBy can not distinguishing the original position of labelling on main profile section on face, being also not easy to give original main profile for change simultaneously and cuing openFace.Seeing accompanying drawing 1, in accompanying drawing 1-(a), L1 represents that, at the seismic reflector that principal section identifies continuously, L2 and L2 ' isThe seismic reflector of mark on contact section.In an O position, it is on the seismic channel that can see of two kinds of sectionsThe home position (see accompanying drawing 1-(a)) of reflecting interface, when principal section identify at L1, seismic reflector at O (see attachedFig. 1-(b)), owing to being affected by recognizing, may identify at L2 ' at contact section, cause reflecting interface identification point to becomeFor O ' (see accompanying drawing 1-(c)).Now, O point original in accompanying drawing 1-(c) is covered by follow-up labelling, applicationPersonnel need the manual profile position remembered and just now showed, in order to switch back, the position of contrast other direction mark,But owing to the appearance of O and O ' is not known a priori by, application personnel are difficult to predictably remember previous position.CauseThis, existing method can not Real time identification mis-tie misclosure and navigate to produce mis-tie misclosure seismic channel, work efficiency is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
It is to provide a kind of mis-tie misclosure produced when being automatically identified in different directions identification seismic reflector mesh of the present invention,The final seismic reflector method of closing eliminating mis-tie misclosure.
Implementing of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) three-dimensional work area seismic data is gathered；
Step 1) described collection is by manually blowing out generation artificial earthquake, then gathers with seismic wave acquisition instrumentSeismic data.
2) on a plurality of seismic profile, each ground is alternately identified by the mode of setting-out by main profile or cross-track directionShake reflecting interface locus, road, the value of longitudinal direction is very first time value；
Step 2) described in seismic reflector locus be the coordinate position in the range of three-dimensional space, wire size,Taoist monastic name is the value of both direction in plane, represents with X, Y；Time value is the value of longitudinal direction, represents with Z.
3) with step 2) cross-track or main profile direction intersect, setting-out on a plurality of seismic profile, mark alternatelyKnowing each seismic channel reflecting interface locus, the value of longitudinal direction is the second time value；
4) press the sequencing of seismic channel, take very first time value and second time value of adjacent three seismic channels, thenDeducting very first time value by the second time value of each seismic channel respectively, gained difference takes absolute value, and obtains three seismic channelsGuan Bi difference；
The interim orbit of three seismic channels is closed difference compare with mis-tie misclosure marginal value, such as larger than marginal value, then reflect boundaryThe time value that face records on interim orbit does not closes, and has the mis-tie misclosure that need to repair；
Step 4) described in mis-tie misclosure marginal value be to be set by interactive interface, for more than 10.
5) by step 4) adjacent twice Guan Bi difference is subtracted each other in three seismic channels, and the difference of gained takes absolute value,To two mis-tie misclosure sudden change values, mis-tie misclosure sudden change value is compared with mis-tie misclosure sudden change marginal value, if the two mis-tie misclosureSudden change value is both greater than mis-tie misclosure sudden change marginal value, and the interim orbit of the most adjacent three seismic channels has the neighboring track Guan Bi that need to repairDifference sudden change；
Step 5) described mis-tie misclosure sudden change value marginal value, for the allowing of mis-tie misclosure sudden change value of adjacent two seismic channelsMarginal value, set by interactive interface, for more than 10.
6) utilize step 4) and step 5) obtain result identification Guan Bi Trace Data generate, and revise or delete closeClose Trace Data；
Step 6) described in determination process as follows:
Guan Bi Trace Data generate: if in step 4) in have the mis-tie misclosure that need to repair, and in step 5) interim orbitHave the neighboring track mis-tie misclosure sudden change that need to repair, then interim orbit generates Guan Bi Trace Data；Otherwise interim orbit does not generates Guan BiTrace Data；
Guan Bi Trace Data amendment: if interim orbit generates Guan Bi Trace Data, and original interim orbit has closed traceMark data, then update the time value of Guan Bi Trace Data；
Guan Bi Trace Data is deleted: if interim orbit does not generates Guan Bi Trace Data, and original interim orbit has existed Guan BiTrace Data, the Guan Bi Trace Data in Ze Jianggai road is deleted；
Being represented with wire size, Taoist monastic name and time value respectively the locus of Guan Bi Trace Data, its time value is step2) very first time value in.
7) by step 6) the Guan Bi Trace Data that produces, it is indicated in interim orbit by its locus with sign formatOn time value position；
8) it is repeated in step 4)-7), until the Guan Bi Trace Data completing all seismic channels on section generates and marksShow；
9) it is repeated in step 2)-8), until the seismic reflector identification in whole three-dimensional work area is fully completed, andLeave over without Guan Bi Trace Data, then seismic reflector is of completely closed.
The present invention has and input data is had adaptability flexibly, both can identify Depth Domain seismic data, and again might be usedWith recognition time territory seismic data.Different directions earthquake it is recorded in real time at anti-during seismic reflector identificationThe mis-tie misclosure existed when penetrating interface identification, and during identification subsequently, it is eliminated in real time, as shown in Figure 2.The present invention eliminates mis-tie misclosure in real time in the process of seismic reflector identification, improves work efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theoretical schematic diagram producing mis-tie misclosure during seismic reflector identification；
Fig. 2 is the present invention theoretical schematic diagram to reaching Guan Bi during seismic reflector identification；
Fig. 3 is seismic reflector marking effect figure on certain section；
Fig. 4 is the design sketch generating Guan Bi Trace Data by the method for the present invention in seismic reflector identification procedure；
Fig. 5 is with method inc design sketch of seismic reflector on the section intersected with accompanying drawing 4 of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the design sketch realizing seismic reflector Guan Bi by the method for the present invention；
Fig. 7 is certain inc design sketch of work area seismic reflector；
Fig. 8 is the design sketch realizing certain work area seismic reflector Guan Bi by the method for the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the example in detail present invention.
Method provided by the present invention can identify the mis-tie misclosure that seismic reflector produces when different directions identifies automatically,And the historical position not closing earthquake genuine shake reflecting interface is recorded by Guan Bi Trace Data.In seismic reflection subsequentlyNext step identification schemes is formulated in the position indicated according to Guan Bi vestige during interface identification, and mark limit, limit eliminates mis-tie misclosure,Until the Guan Bi Trace Data of all seismic channels is all deleted, reach reflecting interface of completely closed.Thus realize in earthquakeThe correct explanation of the closure effect during reflecting interface identification, beneficially seismic reflector.
The specific embodiment of the invention is:
1) three-dimensional work area seismic data to be identified is gathered.
2) the upper mark of the multiple sections (such as main profile section) in direction seismic reflector locus,To every very first time value together.As shown in accompanying drawing 2 (a).
3) with step 2) survey line profile direction intersect, the multiple sections in another direction are (as cross-track cuts openFace) on indicate identified very first time position, as shown in accompanying drawing 2 (b) with circle.Identify earthquake more anti-Space of planes position, firing area, obtains every the second time value together.As shown in accompanying drawing 2 (c).
4) press the sequencing of seismic channel, take very first time value and second time value of adjacent three seismic channels, respectivelyDeducting very first time value by the second time value of each seismic channel, gained difference takes absolute value, and obtains closing of three seismic channelsClose difference.
5) by step 4) adjacent twice Guan Bi difference is subtracted each other in three seismic channels, and the difference of gained takes absolute value,To two mis-tie misclosure sudden change values；
6) if step 4) in the Guan Bi difference of interim orbit that obtains more than mis-tie misclosure marginal value, and step 5) inTo two mis-tie misclosure sudden change values be both greater than mis-tie misclosure sudden change marginal value, then interim orbit generate Guan Bi Trace Data, as attachedShown in Fig. 2 (c), otherwise do not generate.When original interim orbit has closed Trace Data, if generatedNew Guan Bi Trace Data then revises Guan Bi Trace Data, otherwise deletes original Guan Bi Trace Data, such as accompanying drawing 2 (e)Shown in.
7) by step 6) the middle Guan Bi Trace Data produced, it is indicated in interim orbit by its locus with sign formatVery first time position on.As shown in accompanying drawing 2 (c), accompanying drawing 2 (d).
8) it is repeated in step 4)-7), until the Guan Bi Trace Data completing all seismic channels on section generates and marksShow.
9) it is repeated in step 2)-8), until the seismic reflector identification in whole three-dimensional work area is fully completed, andLeaving over without Guan Bi Trace Data, seismic reflector is of completely closed.As shown in accompanying drawing 2 (f).
Experiment embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
1) certain three-dimensional work area seismic data is gathered.Work area area 84km2, main profile 280, cross-track 480Bar.
2) setting mis-tie misclosure marginal value as 20 by interactive interface, mis-tie misclosure sudden change marginal value is 20.
3) main profile seismic reflector is identified every 4, then every 20 mark ground on cross-track sectionShake reflecting interface.As shown in Figure 3, cross-track section having many circles, these circles are at main profile subscriptThe reflecting interface known, position is the very first time value position of reflecting interface.(here reflecting interface single-point circle accords withNumber indicate because on main profile every 4 identify seismic reflectors, so see on cross-track is exactlyOne circle in every 4 road.If neighboring track has reflecting interface data, then the data cube computation of per pass is got up and mark with lineShow.)
Seismic reflection circle meanwhile, in the case of seismic reflector is not closed, in the range of base map shows full work areaFace.As shown in Figure 7, there is the reflecting interface of the partially reflective interface of three lines and surrounding mark in black surround " " notGuan Bi (is in particular in that color and ambient data color are without transition, color change).In accompanying drawing 7 inc threeLine is corresponding with three surveys line at three seismic channel places in accompanying drawing 3.
4) during mark cross-track, find that certain three roads mark results and other road mark result is not sameOn shake reflecting interface, such as accompanying drawing 4.Cross-track identifies after seismic reflector (using setting-out mode), is markedKnow seismic reflector data meet inventive step 6) described in Guan Bi Trace Data formation condition, this three road is describedSeismic reflector does not closes.Therefore Guan Bi Trace Data is generated, and by " ◇ " symbology in very first time positionPut, such as accompanying drawing 4.
5), after Guan Bi Trace Data generates, illustrate that the seismic reflector data of mark exist on main profile and do not closeSituation, the seismic reflector of main profile need to be reinterpreted.
6) show three main profile sections not closing place respectively according to Guan Bi vestige symbology position, can seeTo the reflecting interface position in cross-track direction than current section reflecting interface position more upwards, there is Guan Bi vestige simultaneouslyData symbol, therefore needs to repair this inc situation, such as accompanying drawing 5.So again identifying on main profile sectionReflecting interface so that it is position is upwards moved.Again mark after, meet inventive step 6) described in Guan Bi Trace DataDeletion condition, so deleting three Guan Bi Trace Data, reflecting interface closes, such as accompanying drawing 6.
7) on base map, visible full work area seismic reflector all closes, as shown in Figure 8.