CN103782336A - Improved Magnetic Instrument Pickups - Google Patents

Abstract

Various improvements and configurations of a magnetic musical instrument pickup are provided. Various embodiments discussed herein include printed circuit board (pcb) coils, but other embodiments may involve conventional wire-wound coils. In some embodiments, the coil (pcb and/or wire wound) is encased in a rigid packaging material (see "definitions" section) to reduce microphonics and produce a quieter pickup. Also, the use of pcb coils allows for many and various new coil shapes and/or configurations because the footprint and stacking of pcb traces is relatively easy to control and/or change. Electromagnetic field interference mitigation techniques are also disclosed as well as direct incorporation of multiple coils into a single pcb substrate and/or anti-scrape pad. The use of halbach bias magnet arrays in combination with wire wound and/or pcb coils is also disclosed.

Description

Through improved magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument

related application

The application's case requires the right of priority of following case: (i) the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/497,097 of application on June 15th, 2011; (ii) the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/498,811 of application on June 20th, 2011; (iii) the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/501,023 of application on June 24th, 2011; (iv) the U.S. Provisional Patent Application case 61/507,688 of application on July 14th, 2011; All aforementioned document are incorporated herein separately by reference hereby in full.

Technical field

The present invention relates to phono pickup for musical instrument, more particularly, relate to the magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument with coil acoustic pickup.

Background technology

Magnetic cartridge for musical instrument conventionally comprises by self-support type line being wound into the coil forming in supporting construction.These acoustic pickups will be known as wire-wound acoustic pickup in this article.Described wire-wound acoustic pickup also generally comprises permanent magnet and one group of pole piece.Magnetic flux is provided described magnet so that the magnetization of vibration string.Described pole piece guide field, makes near vibration string section coil, will to have relatively strong magnetic field (, many magnetic flux lines) in vibration string and especially.For example, magnet can be positioned at coil below, and pole piece can extend up through the hole in hub of a spool, and wherein said pole piece ends under the vibration string of stringed musical instrument.Electric current has been brought out in vibration through magnetized string in coil.This electric current forms signal, and described signal is then exaggerated so that stringed musical instrument is sounded.There is polytype wire-wound magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument, for example United States Patent (USP) 2,896,491(" Lover ") and U.S. patent application case 2011/0048215(" 215Lace ").As another example, U.S. patent application case 2007/0017355(" 355Lace ") disclose a kind of magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument that noise is got rid of shielding part that has.

Printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) coil (referring to " definition " part) becomes known for various application.For example, the pamphlet (be loaded in techtransfer.ucc.ie/industry/documents/FluxgateleafletII V13_000.pdf, end on May 16th, 2012) of Tyndall Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (IT) T, Piazzale Aido Moro-00185 Rome, Italy that title is " PCB magnetic gate magnetic field sensor (PCB Fluxgate Magnetic Field Sensors) " has disclosed the use of PCB coil at the magnetic field sensor for low-intensity magnetic fields (as magnetic field of the earth).

Other may contain useful background information and may be prior art open source literature comprise the following: (i) U.S. patent application case 2006/0174755(" Ito "); (ii) U.S. patent application case 2009/0085706(" Baarman "); (iii) U.S. patent application case 2012/00369893(" Ambrosino "); (iv) U.S. patent application case 2005/0060732(" Kang "); (v) U.S. patent application case 2011/0034069(" Jacob "); (vi) U.S. patent application case 2003/0169039(" Kang "); (vii) U.S. patent application case 2005/0024750(" Kato "); (viii) U.S. patent application case 2006/0077785(" Kuo "); (ix) http://www2.electronicproducts.com/A_component_that_marks_the_e nd_of_hand_wound_c oils_in_datacom-article-poyrc07Jan2012-html.aspx, end on January 1st, 2012, the 1st to 2 pages (" electronicproducts.com "); (x) the white paper of Tyco Electronics Corp (TYCO ELECTRONICS CORPORATION), improves data communication products with plane magnetic element, and 2011, http://www.te.com/planarmag, the 1st to 6 pages (" Tyco "); (xi) United States Patent (USP) 7,601,908(" Ambrosino "); And/or (xii) U.S. patent application case 2004/0044382(" Ibrahim ").

The disclaimer of the description of prior art part: with regard to the niche publication of discussing in the description of prior art part above, these discussions should not be regarded as admitting that discussed publication (for example, publication) is the prior art in Patent Law.For example, some or all the publication of discussing in time may be not for the earliest, fail to reflect the earliest theme, and/or may fail to realize completely, thereby can not in Patent Law, can be regarded as prior art.Just in the description of prior art part, discuss niche publication above, they are all incorporated herein separately by reference hereby in full.

Summary of the invention

Described in first generation application case, the coil of printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) style can for example, in the magnetic cartridge of musical instrument (six string electric guitars).Described in first generation application case, these PCB coils can be for substituting (or may be supplementary) traditional wound coil.The application's case is to build in every way based on this prior art.

One aspect of the present invention is the magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument that one has coil (PCB coil or wound coil), and described coil is enclosed in the material of relative stiffness, for example PCB material (referring to " definition " part).By coil is enclosed in rigid material, have been found that can greatly reduce coil winding relative to each other and/or relatively move (this is known as " microphony ") of musical instrument main body.This generally can cause in response to producing more quiet electric signal through the vibration of magnetization string from coil.The minimizing of microphony can cause more smooth response and more joyful musical instrument sound.

Other aspects of the present invention relate to many and various new coil shapes and/or configuration, and described coil shape and/or configuration become feasible, because the footprint of pcb trace is controlled and/or changed with stacking relative being easy to.Other aspects of the present invention relate to the interference of electromagnetic field and subdue technology.Another aspect of the present invention relates to directly in conjunction with multiple coils in single pcb substrate and/or anti-scraper plate.Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of Haier's Bake biasing magnet array.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument using together with musical instrument.Described acoustic pickup comprises: loop construction (comprising multiple rings of being made up of conductor path); And wrappage.Described wrappage are rigid package material (referring to " definition " parts).Described loop construction is enclosed in described wrappage at least substantially, makes the ring of described coil be subject to the constraint of rigidity substantially, thereby cannot relative to each other relatively move.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of musical instrument comprises: musical instrument framework; The first magnetisable string; Acoustic pickup framework hardware group; Loop construction, described loop construction comprises multiple rings of being made up of conductor path; And multiple permanent magnets.The magnetic axis that each permanent magnet defines the arctic, the South Pole and extends to south pole orientation along the arctic.Described the first magnetisable string is mechanically connected to described musical instrument framework, and it is freely vibrated.Described musical instrument framework and described acoustic pickup framework hardware group are mechanically connected to each other.Described acoustic pickup framework hardware group is mechanically connected to each other described loop construction and described multiple permanent magnet.Described permanent magnet is arranged to the pattern of Haier's Bake array.Described magnet, through location and through orientation, makes Haier's Bake arranged in arrays of described permanent magnet that near the magnetic density of a part of described the first magnetisable string is increased.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of musical instrument comprises: musical instrument framework; The first magnetisable string; Acoustic pickup framework hardware group; First Line coil structures (comprising multiple rings of being made by the conductor path that defines the first coil axes); And second loop construction (comprising multiple rings of being made by the conductor path that defines the second coil axes).Described the first magnetisable string is mechanically connected to described musical instrument framework, and it is freely vibrated.Described musical instrument framework and described acoustic pickup framework hardware group are mechanically connected to each other.Described First Line coil structures is pcb coil, and its multiple rings are taked the form of trace and through hole.Described the second loop construction is pcb coil, and its multiple rings are taked the form of trace and through hole.The wrappage that described acoustic pickup framework hardware group comprises the form of taking pcb material.Described First Line coil structures is enclosed in described wrappage at least substantially, makes multiple rings of described coil be subject to the constraint of rigidity substantially, thereby cannot relative to each other relatively move.Described the second loop construction is enclosed in described wrappage at least substantially, makes multiple rings of described coil be subject to the constraint of rigidity substantially, thereby cannot relative to each other relatively move.Described First Line coil structures and described the second loop construction are located being arranged side by side, and wherein said the first coil axes and described the second coil axes are parallel to each other at least substantially.The winding direction of described First Line coil structures is contrary with the winding direction of described the second loop construction.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument comprises: a slice wrappage (described wrappage are made up of pcb material, and described pcb material is through forming and be arranged as the multiple layers in laminar structure); The one pcb loop construction (comprise conductor path, described conductor path comprises the multiple rings that define a pcb coil axes); And the 2nd pcb loop construction (comprise conductor path, described conductor path comprises the multiple rings that define the 2nd pcb coil axes).Described acoustic pickup is the laminar structure that comprises multiple layers, the ring that wherein each layer comprises one deck wrappage, a described pcb loop construction and a ring of described the 2nd pcb loop construction.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument comprises: printed circuit board (PCB) (being made up of pcb material); The one pcb loop construction; And first magnetic component (comprising the first permanent magnet).A described pcb loop construction is enclosed in described pcb material.In described printed circuit board (PCB), define the first recess.Described the first recess is positioned at the internal volume of described First Line coil structures at least substantially.Described the first magnetic component is arranged in described the first recess at least in part.The size and shape of described printed circuit board (PCB) is set according to anti-scraper plate, and described anti-scraper plate can be arranged on through design to be incorporated on the guitar type musical instrument of anti-scraper plate.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of musical instrument comprises: musical instrument framework; One group of magnetisable string (comprising first string and the second string); The one pcb loop construction; The 2nd pcb loop construction; One group permanent-magnet, described permanent magnet comprises at least one permanent magnet; And acoustic pickup framework hardware group.String in the magnetisable string of this group is mechanically connected to described musical instrument framework separately, and every string in this group string is freely vibrated.Described musical instrument framework and described acoustic pickup framework hardware group are mechanically connected to each other.Described acoustic pickup framework hardware is mechanically connected to described musical instrument framework by described the first and second pcb loop constructions and this group permanent-magnet.A described pcb loop construction is through location: be close to described first string (i); (ii) but be not close to any other strings in the magnetisable string of this group.Described the 2nd pcb loop construction is through location: be close to described the second string (i); (ii) but be not close to any other strings in the magnetisable string of this group.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Read by reference to the accompanying drawings following detailed description in detail and can understand more fully and understand the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is according to the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of musical instrument of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the skeleton view that is used in the first embodiment of the acoustic pickup in the musical instrument of the first embodiment;

Fig. 3 is according to the orthogonal projection vertical view of the second embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the orthogonal projection front view of the acoustic pickup of the second embodiment;

Fig. 5 is according to the orthogonal projection vertical view of the 3rd embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the orthogonal projection front view of the acoustic pickup of the 3rd embodiment;

Fig. 7 is according to the schematic diagram of one deck of the pcb loop construction of integrated noise canceller of the present invention (humbucker) aspect;

Fig. 8 is according to the schematic diagram of one deck of the pcb loop construction of integrated noise canceller of the present invention aspect;

Fig. 9 is the xsect that supplies a part that is used in the pcb loop construction in acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the orthogonal projection vertical view that supplies a part that is used in the pcb coil trace in acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 11 is according to the orthogonal projection vertical view of the 4th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the skeleton view that the part of the acoustic pickup of the 4th embodiment is cut open;

Figure 13 is the skeleton view of cutting open according to the part of the 5th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 14 is according to the orthogonal projection vertical view of the 6th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 15 is according to the orthogonal projection vertical view of the 7th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 16 is the skeleton view of cutting open according to the part of a part of the 8th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 17 is according to the schematic diagram of the 9th embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 18 is the skeleton view of cutting open according to the part of the tenth embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 19 is the skeleton view of cutting open according to the part of the 11 embodiment of acoustic pickup of the present invention;

Figure 20 is according to the schematic diagram of the second embodiment of musical instrument of the present invention;

Figure 21 is according to the schematic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of musical instrument of the present invention; And

Figure 22 is for being used according to the orthogonal projection front cross-sectional view of the pcb coil in acoustic pickup of the present invention (clipped cross hatch illustrates to know).

Embodiment

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 showmusical instrument 100, and described musical instrument comprisespickup assembly 101a, 101b; Musical instrument main body 110; And vibrate magnetisable string 112.Each magnetic musicalinstrument pickup assembly 101a and 101b comprise respectively:backing material 102;Permanent magnet 104; And coil 106.Described backing material is PCB material (referring to " definition " part).Described coil is PCB coil (referring to " definition " part).For example, because coil (is enclosed in " rigid package material ", polymeric based material, for example, during lamination pcb manufactures normally used that based epoxy resin) in, so acoustic pickup be quietly and there is flat response, reason is that the microphony in coil is reduced and/or eliminates.

Inembodiment 100, magnet be positioned over substrate with and embed on the top of coil.Alternatively or additionally, magnet can also be positioned on the downside of substrate/coil board.The advantage that magnet is placed on (as shown in Figure 1) in substrate top is relatively to approach described string, and therefore makes described string be magnetized into higher flux density.On the other hand, the advantage that magnet is placed on substrate below is to be out of the way, this be from they be not easy descried meaning and the meaning that is not easy to be touched unintentionally.

As shown in Figure 1, the part thatassembly 101a is formed as separating with 101b, and be then installed in musical instrument main body,coil 106a and 106b are wound around with mutual contrary winding direction.This is sometimes known as noise canceller and arranges, and the magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument based on pcb coil is arranged to place according to noise canceller is considered to novel.The major advantage that noise canceller is arranged is, because contrary winding direction effectively " has been eliminated " interference that external electromagnetic field causes due to contrary winding direction and combined by other circuit (not shown) before as electric audio signal output from the signal of each coil, make effectively to have eliminated external field (for example,, from fluorescent lighting fixture).

As manufacturing the optimal way ofacoustic pickup 101, by the pcb coil of two separation (clockwise direction, another counterclockwise) be printed on simultaneously monolithic coil stacking in and described two coils are cut as a slice from the pcb of lamination.Described coil be connected in the end of winding construction (be similar to and use in conventional wire-wound noise canceller as two solenoids that are wound around separately).

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument 200, and described acoustic pickup comprises: substrate 202; Magnetic component 204; And single coil 206(is only illustrated in Fig. 3).In substrate 202, form three holes 208.These three pore volumes are received magnetic component 204.Described magnetic component can be magnet, pole piece (, being in a word magnetizable material) or the two combination.As illustrated best in Fig. 3, between the edge of square hole and cylindrical magnetic member, there is gap.Alternatively, magnetic component can besieged (, being permanently fixed to) backing material in.As illustrated best in Fig. 4, magnetic component on substrate and below extend, but other layouts are also possible.For example, magnetic component can flush with the first type surface of substrate on one or both sides.As another alternative, substrate can extend beyond magnetic component in one or two main surface side.As another alternative, perforation 208 recesses that can be manufactured into for holding magnetic component, described recess does not extend through substrate always.

In embodiment 200, magnetic component preferably through magnetization to define pole axis, described pole axis is at least substantially perpendicular to the first type surface of substrate that surrounds described pcb coil.This field orientation allows further to reduce overall height, and it also provides the safe method that magnet is fixed on to the desired location place in acoustic pickup.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 showacoustic pickup 250, and described acoustic pickup comprisessubstrate 252;Magnetic component 254; And coil 256.In this modification, thesingle hole 258 insubstrate 252 holds multiple magnetic components.

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show for being wound around according to the schematic diagram of integrated noise canceller pcb coil of the present invention.Fig. 7 shows for the trace of theground floor 300 of integrated noise canceller coil and is wound around pattern, and Fig. 8 shows the trace winding pattern for the second layer of integrated noise canceller PCB coil.As the method for optimizing of manufacturing integration noise canceller 300,302, clockwise direction and anticlockwise coil are printed on every one deck and are connected.Believe that this integrated winding pattern is not used in conventional wound coil, and may be also infeasible in conventional wound coil.

With regard to pcb coil, on the other hand, the realization of this integrated noise canceller design be easy to and relative price cheap.And, because two coils (being labeled as respectively CW and CCW in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8) with contrary winding direction are enclosed in same substrate, so these coils will not only show microphony and the quietness (this has characterized the magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument based on pcb coil substantially) of minimizing, but also guaranteed relative to each other location correctly of coil, and two coils with contrary winding direction will can relative to each other not move.Certainly, less part also will tend to reduce stock and assembly cost, and be reduced in musical instrument manufacture or repair during realizing the possibility that assembly defect occurs in noise canceller placement process.For those reasons, this integrated noise canceller design may have advantages of that being even better than above the 100 noise cancellers based on pcb coil of describing in conjunction with the embodiments arranges.

Figure 20 shows musical instrument 950, and described musical instrument comprises: wire-wound pick-up coil 952; Pcb pick-up coil 945; Haier Bake (Hallbach) magnet array 956; And vibrate magnetisable string 958.In the embodiment of the present invention of the biasing magnet that comprises Haier's Bake array style, magnet 956, through arranging, makes an output lower in coil sides (magnetic flux is not particularly useful herein), and higher in string side, as shown in figure 20.This Haier Bake is arranged and is tended to make near the flux density of magnetisable string increase and therefore make described string be magnetized into higher degree.This causes again strong audio electrical signal to convert in pick-up coil (traditional wire around or pcb coil style).Using a potential advantage of pcb coil is that its low profile can reserve more space (for example, the space between the string of electric guitar and the upper major surface of guitar body) for Haier's Bake array.

Before forwarding to and referring to according to some extra embodiment of magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument of the present invention, first present the brief discussion of the term that some pcb coil acoustic pickups are relevant with reference to figure 9 and Figure 10.Fig. 9 and Figure 10 showpcb substrate 325 and trace 326.Trace is and the conductive path of the pcb materials for support of the major surfaces in parallel of substrate, and described trace is besieged and be rigidly fixed in described substrate.Due to the manufacture of pcb, that is, by being formed with the trace bearing bed lamination of suitable through hole, the height H of trace is quite thin, and in the whole stroke of trace suitable homogeneous (or even constant) substantially also.Trace (preferably copper) during individual layer pressure PCB substrate is stacking all has equal height conventionally, and this is highly relatively little.Should be noted, the height dimension H shown in Fig. 9 not draws in proportion.On the other hand, the width W of trace can significantly change in the length L of trace.This is illustrated in Figure 10, Figure 10 through draw with illustrate trace patterns very arbitrarily with the width of explanation trace and " footprint shape " how along the length variations of trace.

In addition,, according in pcb laminated stack assembly of the present invention, each ring (or the ring of one group of concentric same layer or a ring or one group of multiple part with high ring) will occupy own layer.The each ring that this means coil can have very different footprint shapes.As an example of this situation, in pcb coil, can make the string side of wide trace towards pcb, but the trace of lower width is towards the main surface side of the described plate back to described string.Can also use conventional pcb trace and pcb through hole to produce the coil at different layer places with the ring of varying number.

Figure 11 and Figure 12 showmagnetic pickup assembly 400, and described pickup assembly comprises:anti-scraper plate 402; Thefirst substrate 404; Thesecond substrate 406; The onepcb coil 408; The2nd pcb coil 410; The3rd pcb coil 412; The4th pcb coil 414; Pole piece 416,418,420; And permanent magnet 422.As illustrated in Figure 12, thefirst substrate 404 and thesecond substrate 406 are partly embedded in anti-blade member.Magnet makes pole piece magnetization, and in the time that anti-scraper plate is arranged on the appropriate location in electric guitar main body, pole piece makes to vibrate string magnetization.Preferably, each pcb substrate sub-component has respectively the integrated pair of noise elimination type winding in conjunction with Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 discussion above.Although this embodiment shows four coils altogether, but very low this fact of the profile of winding can allow designer advantageously the neutralization of anti-scraper plate/or on use more winding with Time, and perhaps even for example, in the different piece (neck) of electric guitar.

As shown in Figure 12, pcb sub-component is outstanding slightly from the upper major surface of anti-scraper plate, but other layouts are also possible.For example, pcb can flush with anti-scraper plate, or, be recessed to below the upper major surface ofanti-scraper plate.In embodiment 400, pcb sub-component (comprising magnet 402) does not extend through anti-scraper plate always, but this is also feasible.By PCB coil being placed in the inner space of anti-scraper plate or being partly placed in the inner space of anti-scraper plate, can improve guitar aesthetic feeling and/or audio performance.

Figure 13 showsacoustic pickup 500, and described acoustic pickup comprises:magnet 522; Threepole piece 516a, 516b, 516c; Threepcb coil 508a, 508b, 508c; And therigid substrate 504 ofPolymers.In embodiment 600, every string on musical instrument has special winding.For example, if musical instrument is six string electric guitars, will there are so six windings (six coil acoustic pickups).This embodiment also has the dedicated magnetic pole piece for each winding, and each pole piece is enclosed in rigid substrate together with coil.Because it is very little that pcb coil can be made into, and because can easily make them there is footprint shape arbitrarily, so easy under the major premise that the manufacture of the multi-coil acoustic pickup in Figure 13 is manufactured more than conventional wire-wound acoustic pickup.For some application, this is at least another advantage that pcb coil acoustic pickup is better than conventional wire-wound acoustic pickup.

Figure 14 shows anti-scraper plateacoustic pickup 600, and described acoustic pickup comprises theanti-blade member 604 of backing material; And magnetic component 616.Loop construction 608 is enclosed in anti-blade member 604.Loop construction 608 comprises into ring trace 631,632,633 and 634.Anti-blade member 604 also has perforation (or recess) 605, and the size and shape of described perforation is through setting to hold large magnetic component, and described large magnetic component is present in the relatively large part below of the string (not shown) ofelectric guitar.Coil 608 has relatively large footprint shape.

Coil 608 also has the trace 631,632,633,634 that has various footprint shapes, described footprint shape is through being chosen as arbitrarily, to show that pcb coil of the present invention allows guitar acoustic pickup designer demonstrating some dirigibilities aspect ring conductive path profile.Should be noted, pick-up coil (pcb or wire-wound) (winding of its tight spacing) will be characterized by electric capacity and inductance.This means that coil serves as tank circuit and will be characterized by resonant frequency.The resonant frequency of this acoustic pickup has been very well-known in the technology of conventional wire-wound acoustic pickup.Be known that the mode that may sound on musical instrument in the position of resonant frequency in audible spectrum has impact.This resonant frequency is controlled by wire-wound acoustic pickup designer conventionally, to adjust and/or to optimize the aesthetic feeling of musical instrument sound, that is, and the quality of sound.But the use of wire-wound group generally can " regulate " degree to use restraint to resonant frequency in given wire-wound acoustic pickup design.On the other hand, allow designer thering is greater flexibility aspect control resonant frequency according to the use of pcb coil of the present invention.For example, resonant frequency is elevated to and outside human auditory's scope, generally can becomes easier, this may be desired effect in given application.Even the somewhere (as situation in vast majority of conventional wire-wound acoustic pickup) of expection resonant frequency under human auditory's scope, the adjustment of this resonant frequency becomes more easily to be carried out and more easily carries out exactly and accurately a large amount of manufacture reliably with regard to the characteristic resonant frequency of acoustic pickup.

The design flexibility of pcb coil can also contribute to manufacture the coil that serves as sound delay unit etc.Understand as having in the technology of conventional wound coil acoustic pickup of sound delay unit feature, in the time using coil as sound delay unit, may be necessary provides AC signal to coil.

Figure 15 showsanti-scraper component 700, and described assembly comprises:anti-blade member 702;Backing material 704; Pcb installingtype electricity parts 701; And pcb coil 708.Something shown inembodiment 700 be electric parts can be arranged on coil on the besieged and identical printed circuit board (PCB) that is fixed therein (and/or in).These parts can comprise amplifier, to amplify from coil, preferably via the electric audio signal that is built in trace pcb self and through hole (not shown) and receives.Board mount type parts can be placed on pcb towards outside in (or upwards) side and/or be placed on downside.Another feature ofembodiment 700 is the arbitrariness of coil footprint shape.Illustrate that this situation is in order to emphasize and illustrate a viewpoint, that is, in fact the use of pcb coil has been started by electric guitar and other musical instruments with vibration string and has been sent the possibility of new sound.

Figure 16 showsacoustic pickup 800, and described acoustic pickup comprisesbacking material 804,interior loop 808b and exterior loop 808a.In this embodiment, two coil electricity isolation each other, or can not electric isolation.They can be wound around along identical winding direction or along contrary winding direction.In some change, this novel two coil configuration can help to eliminate the electrical interference from external electromagnetic field.Musical instrument can through structuring with allow Instrumentalist at any given time which in two coils of choice for use help produce total electric audio signal.

Figure 17 showsacoustic pickup 850, and described acoustic pickup comprisespole piece 816a, 816b;Permanent magnet 822a, 822b; Andpcb coil loop 858a,858b.In embodiment 850, two " lobe " takes digital 8 configurations, comprises point of crossing 859.Described scheme can expand to and comprise extra lobe and additional cross point (will be known as in this article " digital 8 configurations ", even also like this in the situation that has extra lobe and point of crossing).This configuration is considered to difficulty and/or impossible under the major premise of conventional wire-wound acoustic pickup, but the pcb coil of the application of the invention is considered to attainable.Not yet know what impact is this coil configuration may cause to the audio performance of musical instrument.

Figure 18 showsacoustic pickup 890, and described acoustic pickup comprises:magnet 892;Backing material 894; Embeddedshield member 893; And pcb coil 898.Described shield member is in order to reduce magnetic interference and/or electromagnetic interference (EMI), in order to avoid the signal that impact converts in pcb coil.

Figure 19 shows acoustic pickup 900, and described acoustic pickup comprises thefirst shield member 903;Backing material 904;Secondary shielding member 905; And pcb coil 908.The first shield member can be similar to the shield member ofembodiment 890 discussed above.Secondary shielding member is the net being laminated on the end face of pcb.The shielding part (developing known or future now) that not necessarily relates to the other types of web frame shielding part may be also helpful.This shielding part reduces electromagnetic interference (EMI) through design in the mode according to faraday cup.Should be noted, any shielding part between pcb coil and vibration string should not be preferably magnetic field shielding part, because can prevent that undoubtedly the vibration of string is transformed into electric audio signal in coil like this.

Figure 21 showsmusical instrument 980, and described musical instrument comprises:string 981; And two pcb coils 982.As shown inembodiment 980, have in the layout of special pcb coil at every string, coil can extend along chord length, makes will be transformed into audio electrical signal from the vibration of the relatively long part of every string.

Figure 22 shows pcb pick-up coil 1000, and described coil comprises: lamination pcb wrappage 1002(does not divide boundary line by layer individually for clear illustrating); Ring trace 1004; Through hole 1006; And liner 1008.As shown in figure 22, in this embodiment, the footprint of each ring is different.

PCB coil acoustic pickup of the present invention can easily be arranged on the existing pickup opening of entity guitar or be arranged on the existing sound openings of acoustic guitars.In this way, pcb coil of the present invention can be used in the renovation of novel type.As mentioned above, at any given time can user's switch or dial (of a telephone) or other interface arrangements to select to activate which (which) pcb coil in the musical instrument with multiple pcb coils.

In another changes, use thin laminate (thickness of～1 mil), make to make more windings more to approach string.This obtains identical signal level by increasing output signal or allowing use to compare the less winding of number with standard lines around acoustic pickup (wire-wound acoustic pickup uses No. 42 standard liness of about 2.8 mil thick conventionally).

Definition

Any and all open source literatures mentioned in this article should be regarded as being incorporated to by reference of text separately.For claim task of explanation, provide to give a definition:

The present invention: represent " at least some embodiment of the present invention ", and term " the present invention " is combined with features more described herein and should not means that all desired embodiment (referring to " definition " part) comprise mentioned feature.

Embodiment: machine, manufacture, system, method, process and/or composition may (be must) in this patent document at present or in the scope of Patent right requirement in the future; Conventionally, " embodiment " is by the scope at least some initial claims of submitting to and will announce at least some in the scope that the patent of (after claim forms by patent examining procedure) requires, but situation not necessarily always like this; For example, the claim that the claim that " embodiment " may neither be submitted at first does not also come forth contains, although described " embodiment " is described as to " embodiment ".

First, second, third, etc. (" ordinal number "): except as otherwise noted, otherwise ordinal number is only for example, for distinguishing or identification (, the multiple members in a group); The simple use of ordinal number should not be regarded as implying order (for example, chronological order, space sequence).

Electrical connection: represent directly electrical connection, or Indirect Electro connection, make existence get involved element; In Indirect Electro connects, get involved element and can comprise inductor and/or transformer.

Connect by mechanical system: comprise direct mechanical and connect, and the indirect mechanical connection being undertaken by intermediate member; The mechanical connection that carries out relative motion between the parts that comprise rigid mechanical connection and allow to be mechanically connected; Including but not limited to being welded to connect, soldering connects, by securing member connects (for example, nail, bolt, screw, nut, hook and ring fastener, knot, rivet, release connection, breech lock and/or magnetic are connected fast), be pressed into be connected, frictional fit connection, fixing connection, the pivotable or be rotatably connected and/or mechanical connection slidably by the engagement being caused by gravity.

Rigid package material: any non-conductive material substantially, described material has enough rigidity, makes in the time that its surrounds magnetic phono pickup for musical instrument, will significantly reduce or eliminate the relatively moving of ring of the coil of acoustic pickup; Rigid package material can comprise: ceramic based material and polymer-based material (referring to " definition " part).

Polymer-based material: (when when surrounding coil) material of any relative stiffness being formed by polymeric material substantially; Polymer-based material comprises at least some epoxy resin and at least some plastics; " polymer-based material " will not comprise wax, even because its lacks rigidity relatively during for embedding coil.

Pcb material: be adapted to pass through laminating operation and manufacture any rigidity of printed circuit board (PCB), the polymer-based material of electrical isolation (referring to " definition "); An example of pcb material is at present for the manufacture of that class lamination of conventional printed circuit board and the epoxy resin of sclerosis.

Pcb coil: the coil of being made by current path member, described member be not self-supporting and must be laminated to shape and/or the structural intergrity that on pcb, just can maintain them.

Claims (31)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种磁性乐器拾音器，所述拾音器用于与具有至少一根可磁化弦的乐器一起使用，所述拾音器包括：CLAIMS 1. A magnetic musical instrument pickup for use with a musical instrument having at least one magnetizable string, the pickup comprising:线圈结构，所述线圈结构包括由导体路径制成的多个环；以及a coil structure comprising a plurality of loops made of conductor paths; and包装材料；Packaging Materials;其中：in:所述包装材料是刚性包装材料；并且the packaging material is rigid packaging material; and所述线圈结构至少大体上被包围在所述包装材料中，使得所述线圈的所述多个环受到大体上刚性的约束，从而无法相对于彼此相对移动。The coil structure is at least substantially enclosed within the packaging material such that the plurality of loops of the coil are substantially rigidly constrained from relative movement relative to each other.2.根据权利要求1所述的拾音器，其中所述线圈结构是基于聚合物的材料。2. The pickup of claim 1, wherein the coil structure is a polymer based material.3.根据权利要求1所述的拾音器，其中：3. The pickup of claim 1, wherein:所述线圈结构是pcb线圈，其多个环采取迹线和通孔的形式；并且said coil structure is a pcb coil with loops in the form of traces and vias; and所述包装材料是pcb材料，其形状界定第一主表面和第二主表面。The packaging material is a pcb material shaped to define a first major surface and a second major surface.4.根据权利要求3所述的拾音器，所述拾音器进一步包括第一磁性构件，其中：4. The pickup of claim 3, further comprising a first magnetic member, wherein:所述pcb线圈界定了线圈内部空间；The pcb coil defines the inner space of the coil;所述pcb材料包含延伸到所述线圈内部空间中的凹口；并且the pcb material includes a notch extending into the interior space of the coil; and磁性构件至少大体上位于所述凹口内。The magnetic member is located at least substantially within the recess.5.根据权利要求4所述的拾音器，其中所述凹口是从所述第一主表面延伸到所述第二主表面的穿孔。5. The pickup of claim 4, wherein the indentation is a perforation extending from the first major surface to the second major surface.6.根据权利要求4所述的拾音器，其中所述磁性构件是永久磁铁。6. The pickup of claim 4, wherein the magnetic member is a permanent magnet.7.根据权利要求4所述的拾音器，其中所述磁性构件是磁极片。7. The pickup of claim 4, wherein the magnetic member is a pole piece.8.根据权利要求3所述的拾音器，所述拾音器进一步包括磁性构件，其中所述磁性构件固定到所述第一主表面并且至少部分地位于所述pcb线圈的足迹内。8. The pickup of claim 3, further comprising a magnetic member, wherein the magnetic member is secured to the first major surface and is located at least partially within the footprint of the pcb coil.9.根据权利要求8所述的拾音器，其中所述磁性构件选自以下类型：磁性构件以及磁极片。9. The pickup of claim 8, wherein the magnetic member is selected from the group consisting of magnetic members and pole pieces.10.根据权利要求3所述的拾音器，其中：10. The pickup of claim 3, wherein:所述拾音器由共振频率表征；并且the pickup is characterized by a resonant frequency; and所述共振频率高于人类可听到的频率范围。The resonant frequency is above the audible frequency range for humans.11.根据权利要求3所述的拾音器，其中：11. The pickup of claim 3, wherein:所述pcb线圈和所述pcb材料为包括多个层的层压结构的形式；said pcb coil and said pcb material are in the form of a laminated structure comprising a plurality of layers;所述pcb线圈包含在所述层压结构的第一层上的第一环；said pcb coil comprising a first loop on a first layer of said laminate structure;所述pcb线圈包含在所述层压结构的第二层上的第二环；并且said pcb coil comprises a second loop on a second layer of said laminate structure; and所述第一环与所述第二环具有大体上不同的足迹。The first ring and the second ring have substantially different footprints.12.一种乐器，所述乐器包括：12. A musical instrument comprising:乐器框架；instrument frame;第一可磁化弦；a first magnetizable string;拾音器框架硬件组；pickup frame hardware set;线圈结构，所述线圈结构包括由导体路径制成的多个环；以及a coil structure comprising a plurality of loops made of conductor paths; and多个永久磁铁，其中所述多个永久磁铁中的每个永久磁铁界定北极、南极以及沿北极到南极方向延伸的磁轴；a plurality of permanent magnets, wherein each permanent magnet in the plurality of permanent magnets defines a north pole, a south pole, and a magnetic axis extending in a north pole to south pole direction;其中：in:所述第一可磁化弦机械地连接到所述乐器框架，使其自由地振动；said first magnetizable string is mechanically connected to said instrument frame such that it is free to vibrate;所述乐器框架与所述拾音器框架硬件组机械地连接到彼此；the instrument frame and the pickup frame hardware set are mechanically connected to each other;所述拾音器框架硬件组机械地将所述线圈结构与所述多个永久磁铁彼此连接；The pickup frame hardware set mechanically connects the coil structure and the plurality of permanent magnets to each other;所述多个永久磁铁被布置成海尔贝克阵列的图案；并且the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in a pattern of a Halbach array; and所述多个磁铁经定位以及经定向，使得所述永久磁铁的所述海尔贝克阵列布置增加所述第一可磁化弦的一部分附近的磁通量密度。The plurality of magnets are positioned and oriented such that the Halbach array arrangement of the permanent magnets increases magnetic flux density near a portion of the first magnetizable string.13.根据权利要求12所述的乐器，其中：13. A musical instrument according to claim 12, wherein:所述多个永久磁铁包括第一磁铁、第二磁铁、第三磁铁以及第四磁铁；The plurality of permanent magnets includes a first magnet, a second magnet, a third magnet and a fourth magnet;所述第一、第二、第三和第四磁铁按顺序堆叠；并且said first, second, third and fourth magnets are sequentially stacked; and所述第一、第二、第三和第四磁铁经相互定向，使得所述第一和第三磁铁的磁轴至少大体上垂直于所述第二和第四磁铁的磁轴。The first, second, third and fourth magnets are oriented relative to each other such that the magnetic axes of the first and third magnets are at least substantially perpendicular to the magnetic axes of the second and fourth magnets.14.根据权利要求12所述的乐器，其中：14. The musical instrument of claim 12, wherein:所述拾音器框架硬件组包括包装材料；并且the pickup frame hardware set includes packaging material; and所述包装材料是基于聚合物材料；并且said packaging material is based on a polymeric material; and所述线圈结构至少大体上被包围在所述包装材料中，使得所述线圈的所述多个环受到大体上刚性的约束，从而无法相对于彼此相对地移动。The coil structure is at least substantially enclosed within the packaging material such that the plurality of loops of the coil are substantially rigidly constrained from relative movement relative to each other.15.根据权利要求14所述的乐器，其中：15. A musical instrument according to claim 14, wherein:所述线圈结构是pcb线圈，其多个环采取迹线和通孔的形式；并且the coil structure is a pcb coil with loops in the form of traces and vias; and所述包装材料是成一形状的pcb材料，所述形状界定了第一主表面和第二主表面。The packaging material is pcb material in a shape that defines a first major surface and a second major surface.16.一种乐器，所述乐器包括：16. A musical instrument comprising:乐器框架；instrument frame;第一可磁化弦；a first magnetizable string;拾音器框架硬件组；pickup frame hardware set;第一线圈结构，所述第一线圈结构包括由界定第一线圈轴的导体路径制成的多个环；以及a first coil structure comprising a plurality of loops made of conductor paths defining a first coil axis; and第二线圈结构，所述第二线圈结构包括由界定第二线圈轴的导体路径制成的多个环；a second coil structure comprising a plurality of loops made of conductor paths defining a second coil axis;其中：in:所述第一可磁化弦机械地连接到所述乐器框架，使其自由地振动；said first magnetizable string is mechanically connected to said instrument frame such that it is free to vibrate;所述乐器框架与所述拾音器框架硬件组机械地连接到彼此；the instrument frame and the pickup frame hardware set are mechanically connected to each other;所述第一线圈结构是pcb线圈，其多个环采取迹线和通孔的形式；said first coil structure is a pcb coil with a plurality of loops in the form of traces and vias;所述第二线圈结构是pcb线圈，其多个环采取迹线和通孔的形式；said second coil structure is a pcb coil with a plurality of loops in the form of traces and vias;所述拾音器框架硬件组包括pcb材料形式的包装材料；The pickup frame hardware set includes packaging material in the form of pcb material;所述第一线圈结构至少大体上被包围在所述包装材料中，使得所述线圈的所述多个环受到大体上刚性的约束，从而无法相对于彼此相对地移动；said first coil structure is at least substantially enclosed within said packaging material such that said plurality of loops of said coil are substantially rigidly constrained from relative movement relative to each other;所述第二线圈结构至少大体上被包围在所述包装材料中，使得所述线圈的所述多个环受到大体上刚性的约束，从而无法相对于彼此相对地移动；said second coil structure is at least substantially enclosed within said packaging material such that said plurality of loops of said coil are substantially rigidly constrained from relative movement relative to each other;所述第一线圈结构与所述第二线圈结构以并排布置来定位，其中所述第一线圈轴与所述第二线圈轴至少大体上彼此平行；并且the first coil structure and the second coil structure are positioned in a side-by-side arrangement, wherein the first coil axis and the second coil axis are at least substantially parallel to each other; and所述第一线圈结构的缠绕方向与所述第二线圈结构的缠绕方向相反。The winding direction of the first coil structure is opposite to the winding direction of the second coil structure.17.根据权利要求16所述的乐器，其中所述第一线圈结构与所述第二线圈结构具有大体上相同的几何形状，除了所述第一线圈结构与所述第二线圈结构具有相反的缠绕方向之外。17. The musical instrument of claim 16, wherein the first coil structure and the second coil structure have substantially the same geometry except that the first coil structure and the second coil structure have opposite outside of the winding direction.18.根据权利要求17所述的乐器，其中：18. The musical instrument of claim 17, wherein:所述拾音器框架硬件组包括第一件零件和第二件零件，所述零件在组装到所述乐器上的适当位置之前是彼此分离的；said pickup frame hardware set includes a first piece and a second piece, said pieces being separate from each other prior to assembly in place on said instrument;所述第一件零件包含包围在pcb材料中的所述第一线圈结构；并且said first piece of part comprises said first coil structure enclosed in pcb material; and所述第二件零件包含包围在pcb材料中的所述第二线圈结构。The second piece of part comprises the second coil structure enclosed in pcb material.19.根据权利要求17所述的乐器，其中所述拾音器框架硬件组包括包围所述第一线圈结构和所述第二线圈结构的单片包装材料。19. The musical instrument of claim 17, wherein the pickup frame hardware set comprises a single piece of packaging material surrounding the first coil structure and the second coil structure.20.一种磁性乐器拾音器，所述拾音器包括：20. A magnetic musical instrument pickup comprising:一片包装材料，所述包装材料由pcb材料制成，所述pcb材料形成并布置为层压结构的多个层；a sheet of packaging material made of pcb material formed and arranged in layers of a laminated structure;第一pcb线圈结构，所述第一pcb线圈结构包括导体路径，所述导体路径包括界定第一pcb线圈轴的多个环；以及a first pcb coil structure comprising a conductor path comprising a plurality of loops defining a first pcb coil axis; and第二pcb线圈结构，所述第二pcb线圈结构包括导体路径，所述导体路径包括界定第二pcb线圈轴的多个环；a second pcb coil structure comprising a conductor path comprising a plurality of loops defining a second pcb coil axis;其中：in:所述拾音器是包括多个层的层压结构，其中每个层包括一层包装材料、所述第一pcb线圈结构的一个环以及所述第二pcb线圈结构的一个环。The pickup is a laminate structure comprising a plurality of layers, wherein each layer comprises a layer of encapsulation material, a loop of the first pcb coil structure and a loop of the second pcb coil structure.21.根据权利要求20所述的拾音器，其中：21. The pickup of claim 20, wherein:所述第一pcb线圈结构与所述第二pcb线圈结构以并排布置来定位，其中所述第一pcb线圈轴与所述第二pcb线圈轴至少大体上彼此平行；并且the first pcb coil structure and the second pcb coil structure are positioned in a side-by-side arrangement, wherein the first pcb coil axis and the second pcb coil axis are at least substantially parallel to each other; and所述第一pcb线圈结构的缠绕方向与所述第二pcb线圈结构的缠绕方向相反。The winding direction of the first pcb coil structure is opposite to the winding direction of the second pcb coil structure.22.根据权利要求21所述的拾音器，其中所述拾音器的所述层压结构的每个层进一步包括：22. The pickup of claim 21 , wherein each layer of the laminate structure of the pickup further comprises:导体路径，所述导体路径将所述层上的所述第一pcb线圈结构的所述环电连接到所述层上的所述第二pcb线圈结构的所述环；以及a conductor path electrically connecting the loop of the first pcb coil structure on the layer to the loop of the second pcb coil structure on the layer; and通孔，所述通孔经结构化、经定位和/或经连接以将所述拾音器的所述层压结构的所述层的所述pcb线圈结构环电连接到所述拾音器的所述层压结构的邻近层的所述pcb线圈环。vias structured, positioned and/or connected to electrically connect the pcb coil structure ring of the layer of the laminate structure of the pickup to the layer of the pickup Press the adjacent layer of the pcb coil loop of the structure.23.一种磁性乐器拾音器，所述拾音器包括：23. A magnetic musical instrument pickup comprising:由pcb材料制成的印刷电路板；Printed circuit boards made of pcb material;第一pcb线圈结构；以及a first pcb coil structure; and第一磁性构件，所述第一磁性构件包括第一永久磁铁；a first magnetic member comprising a first permanent magnet;其中：in:所述第一pcb线圈结构被包围在所述pcb材料中；said first pcb coil structure is enclosed in said pcb material;所述印刷电路板中界定有第一凹口；A first notch is defined in the printed circuit board;所述第一凹口至少大体上位于所述第一线圈结构的内部体积内；the first recess is located at least substantially within the interior volume of the first coil structure;所述第一磁性构件至少部分地位于所述第一凹口中；the first magnetic member is located at least partially within the first recess;并且and所述印刷电路板的大小和形状按照防刮板来进行设定，所述防刮板可以安装在经设计以并入防刮板的吉他型乐器上。The printed circuit board is sized and shaped for a scratch guard that can be mounted on a guitar type instrument designed to incorporate a scratch guard.24.根据权利要求23所述的拾音器，所述拾音器进一步包括安装在所述印刷电路板的所述pcb材料上和/或中的第一电部件。24. The pickup of claim 23, further comprising a first electrical component mounted on and/or in the pcb material of the printed circuit board.25.根据权利要求24所述的拾音器，其中所述第一电部件是用于允许所述拾音器作为主动式拾音器进行运作的电源电路。25. The pickup of claim 24, wherein the first electrical component is a power circuit for allowing the pickup to operate as an active pickup.26.根据权利要求23所述的拾音器，其中所述第一磁性构件进一步包括第一磁极片。26. The pickup of claim 23, wherein the first magnetic member further comprises a first pole piece.27.根据权利要求23所述的拾音器，其中：27. The pickup of claim 23, wherein:所述第一凹口是在所述印刷电路板的第一主表面与第二主表面之间延伸的穿孔；并且the first recess is a perforation extending between the first major surface and the second major surface of the printed circuit board; and所述第一磁性构件至少大体上完全延伸穿过所述第一凹口。The first magnetic member extends at least substantially completely through the first notch.28.一种乐器，所述乐器包括：28. A musical instrument comprising:乐器框架；instrument frame;一组可磁化弦，所述可磁化弦包括第一弦和第二弦；a set of magnetizable strings comprising a first string and a second string;第一pcb线圈结构；The first pcb coil structure;第二pcb线圈结构；The second pcb coil structure;一组永久磁铁，所述永久磁铁包括至少一个永久磁铁；以及a set of permanent magnets comprising at least one permanent magnet; and拾音器框架硬件组；pickup frame hardware set;其中：in:该组可磁化弦中的弦各自机械地连接到所述乐器框架，使得该组弦中的每根弦自由地振动；Each string of the set of magnetizable strings is mechanically connected to the instrument frame such that each string of the set of strings is free to vibrate;所述乐器框架与所述拾音器框架硬件组机械地连接到彼此；the instrument frame and the pickup frame hardware set are mechanically connected to each other;所述拾音器框架硬件组机械地将所述第一和第二pcb线圈结构以及该组永久磁铁连接到所述乐器框架；the pickup frame hardware set mechanically connects the first and second pcb coil structures and the set of permanent magnets to the instrument frame;所述第一pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第一弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦；并且The first pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) proximate to the first string; but (ii) not proximate to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings; and所述第二pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第二弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦。The second pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) proximate to the second string; but (ii) not proximate to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings.29.根据权利要求28所述的乐器，所述乐器进一步包括：29. The musical instrument of claim 28, further comprising:第三pcb线圈结构；The third pcb coil structure;第四pcb线圈结构；The fourth pcb coil structure;第五pcb线圈结构；以及a fifth pcb coil structure; and第六pcb线圈结构；The sixth pcb coil structure;其中：in:所述乐器是电吉他；said musical instrument is an electric guitar;该组可磁化弦进一步包括第三弦、第四弦、第五弦以及第六弦；The set of magnetizable strings further includes a third string, a fourth string, a fifth string, and a sixth string;所述第三pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第三弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦；The third pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) in close proximity to the third string; but (ii) not in close proximity to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings;所述第四pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第四弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦；The fourth pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) in close proximity to the fourth string; but (ii) not in close proximity to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings;所述第五pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第五弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦；并且The fifth pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) proximate to the fifth string; but (ii) not proximate to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings; and所述第六pcb线圈结构经定位：（i）紧邻所述第六弦；但是（ii）不紧邻该组可磁化弦中的任何一根其他弦。The sixth pcb coil structure is positioned: (i) proximate to the sixth string; but (ii) not proximate to any other string in the set of magnetizable strings.30.根据权利要求29所述的乐器，其中：30. The musical instrument of claim 29, wherein:该组永久磁铁包含至少第一、第二、第三、第四、第五和第六磁铁；并且the set of permanent magnets comprises at least first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth magnets; and所述第一、第二、第三、第四、第五和第六永久磁铁分别经定位而紧邻所述第一、第二、第三、第四、第五和第六pcb线圈结构。The first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth permanent magnets are respectively positioned proximate to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth pcb coil structures.31.根据权利要求28所述的乐器，其中：31. The musical instrument of claim 28, wherein:所述第一pcb线圈结构具有伸长的足迹，所述足迹在所述第一弦的伸长方向上伸长；并且said first pcb coil structure has an elongated footprint elongated in the direction of elongation of said first chord; and所述第二pcb线圈结构具有伸长的足迹，所述足迹在所述第二弦的伸长方向上伸长。The second pcb coil structure has an elongated footprint that is elongated in the direction of elongation of the second chord.

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