技术领域technical field
本发明涉及认知MIMO通信技术领域，具体是一种认知MIMO通信系统中可兼顾认知用户传输性能和干扰对齐的两级预编码的设计方法。The invention relates to the technical field of cognitive MIMO communication, in particular to a design method of a two-stage precoding that can take into account cognitive user transmission performance and interference alignment in a cognitive MIMO communication system.
背景技术Background technique
随着无线通信技术的快速发展，对无线频谱资源的需求相应增长，从而导致适用于无线通信的频谱资源变得日益紧张，认知无线电通过频谱感知、根据射频环境调整系统参数等来实现动态频谱接入和智能的频谱分配来提高频谱利用率；MIMO(Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output)系统被认为是另一种提高频谱利用率的技术。With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the demand for wireless spectrum resources has increased accordingly, resulting in increasingly tight spectrum resources suitable for wireless communication. Cognitive radio realizes dynamic spectrum through spectrum sensing and adjusting system parameters according to the radio frequency environment. Access and intelligent spectrum allocation to improve spectrum utilization; MIMO (Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output) system is considered to be another technology to improve spectrum utilization.
MIMO系统将多径无线信道与发射、接收视为一个整体进行优化，从而实现高的通信容量和频谱利用率，其最大容量或容量上限随最小天线数的增加而线性增加，MIMO系统对于提高无线通信系统的容量具有极大的潜力。为了提高系统容量，下一代的无线宽带移动通信系统将会采用MIMO技术，即在基站端放置多个天线，在移动台也放置多个天线，基站和移动台之间形成MIMO通信链路。The MIMO system optimizes the multipath wireless channel, transmission and reception as a whole, so as to achieve high communication capacity and spectrum utilization rate, and its maximum capacity or upper limit of capacity increases linearly with the increase of the minimum number of antennas. The capacity of communication systems has great potential. In order to improve system capacity, the next generation wireless broadband mobile communication system will adopt MIMO technology, that is, multiple antennas are placed at the base station and multiple antennas are placed at the mobile station, and a MIMO communication link is formed between the base station and the mobile station.
认知MIMO通信系统，是将认知无线电与MIMO相结合，主用户和认知用户共存，且均采用多输入多输出天线进行传输。但随着网络中用户数和吞吐量需求的日益增大，用户间的干扰总是制约着网络的吞吐量，因此寻求有效的干扰管理方法显得尤为关键。信息论的学者们提出了干扰对齐，作为MIMO技术的一种实现手段，可以有效地抑制或消除用户间的干扰，实现多用户的共存。The cognitive MIMO communication system combines cognitive radio with MIMO, the primary user and the cognitive user coexist, and both use multiple-input multiple-output antennas for transmission. However, with the increasing number of users and throughput requirements in the network, the interference between users always restricts the throughput of the network, so it is particularly critical to seek effective interference management methods. Scholars of information theory have proposed interference alignment as a means of implementing MIMO technology, which can effectively suppress or eliminate interference between users and achieve multi-user coexistence.
干扰对齐的基本思想就是通过发送信号的预处理矩阵，将多小区干扰信号对齐到一个限定的子空间内，将更多剩余的无干扰空间用于数据传输；干扰对齐通过对发送端进行预编码设计来实现。经对现有干扰对齐技术，预编码技术的专利、文献检索发现，《一种基于特征子信道的干扰对齐预编码矩阵优化方法》（申请号：201010231592.X，中国科学技术大学），其特征是在干扰对齐的基础上，利用本小区基站到本小区用户的信道矩阵做奇异值分解，选最大的奇异值对应的特征子信道为匹配的预编码矢量来组成预编码矩阵，使得信号经由此特征子信道进行传输，来保证通信系统的传输性能，该申请专利中用来发送信号的是最大的奇异值对应的特征子信道，而且考虑多用户均等机会通信的场景下，根据此特征子信道来优化预编码矩阵。The basic idea of interference alignment is to align multi-cell interference signals into a limited subspace through the preprocessing matrix of the transmitted signal, and use more remaining interference-free space for data transmission; interference alignment precodes the transmitting end design to achieve. After searching the patents and documents of the existing interference alignment technology and precoding technology, it was found that "A method for optimizing the interference alignment precoding matrix based on characteristic subchannels" (application number: 201010231592.X, University of Science and Technology of China), which features On the basis of interference alignment, the channel matrix from the base station of the cell to the user of the cell is used for singular value decomposition, and the characteristic subchannel corresponding to the largest singular value is selected as the matching precoding vector to form the precoding matrix, so that the signal passes through this The characteristic sub-channel is used for transmission to ensure the transmission performance of the communication system. The characteristic sub-channel corresponding to the largest singular value is used to send signals in this patent application, and considering the scenario of multi-user equal opportunity communication, according to this characteristic sub-channel to optimize the precoding matrix.
又，《认知无线MIMO系统中基于零子空间技术的次级预编码发送方法》（申请号：200810042032.2，上海无线通信研究中心），是要求认知用户发射机感知主用户的发送信号并估计相应的协方差矩阵，将子空间技术用于该协方差矩阵，估计出相应的噪声子空间，从而得到零空间，并利用信息论准则确定零空间的维数及空间子信道的使用状况，用得到的零空间来设计认知用户发送端的预编码矩阵，该传输方法消除了认知用户对主用户的干扰，但是没有考虑认知用户自身的传输信道以及自身的传输性能。Also, "Secondary Precoding Transmission Method Based on Zero Subspace Technology in Cognitive Wireless MIMO System" (Application No.: 200810042032.2, Shanghai Wireless Communication Research Center), requires the cognitive user transmitter to perceive the primary user's transmission signal and estimate Corresponding covariance matrix, the subspace technique is applied to the covariance matrix, and the corresponding noise subspace is estimated to obtain the null space, and the dimension of the null space and the use status of the spatial subchannel are determined by using the information theory criterion, which can be obtained by The null space of the cognitive user is used to design the precoding matrix of the cognitive user's sending end. This transmission method eliminates the interference of the cognitive user to the primary user, but does not consider the cognitive user's own transmission channel and its own transmission performance.
另据文献Amir,M.,EI-Keyi,A.,Nafie,M.P:’Constrained InterferenceAlignment and the Spatial Degrees of Freedom of MIMO Cognitive Networks’（IEEETrans.Inf.Theory,2011,57,(5),pp.2994-3004）中，研究了认知用户和主用户共存信道的情况下，认知用户发送端受到外部约束条件限制情况下通过设计预编码以降低对主用户发送端的干扰，并研究了认知MIMO系统的空间自由度，此篇文献仅就主用户受到的干扰减少情况和认知用户达到的自由度进行了讨论，没有就主用户和认知用户的传输性能进行讨论。According to the literature Amir, M., EI-Keyi, A., Nafie, M.P: 'Constrained Interference Alignment and the Spatial Degrees of Freedom of MIMO Cognitive Networks' (IEEETrans.Inf.Theory, 2011, 57, (5), pp. 2994-3004), studied the coexistence of cognitive users and primary users in the channel, and the cognitive user sender was limited by external constraints to reduce the interference to the primary user sender by designing precoding, and studied the cognitive user The spatial degree of freedom of the MIMO system, this document only discusses the reduction of interference received by the primary user and the degree of freedom achieved by the cognitive user, and does not discuss the transmission performance of the primary user and the cognitive user.
从现有技术来看，对在认知MIMO通信场景下实现干扰对齐的预编码设计方法的研究仍有十分重要的意义。From the perspective of existing technologies, research on precoding design methods for interference alignment in cognitive MIMO communication scenarios is still of great significance.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的不足，提出一种认知MIMO通信系统中采用两级预编码的设计方法。认知MIMO通信系统中，认知用户采用伺机接入主用户空间子信道的方式进行通信，传输过程中，认知用户对主用户造成干扰，在主用户和认知用户的接收端都能获取完美的信道信息情况下，通过干扰对齐方法来降低认知用户对主用户造成的干扰，干扰对齐通过主用户以及认知用户各发送端的预编码设计来实现；在本发明中，对认知用户发送端的预编码的设计，除了考虑对齐认知用户对主用户产生的干扰外，同时保证认知用户的传输性能，采用两级预编码的设计方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and propose a design method using two-stage precoding in a cognitive MIMO communication system. In a cognitive MIMO communication system, cognitive users communicate by opportunistically accessing the spatial sub-channel of the primary user. During the transmission process, cognitive users cause interference to the primary user, and both the primary user and the cognitive user can obtain In the case of perfect channel information, the interference caused by the cognitive user to the primary user is reduced by the interference alignment method, and the interference alignment is realized by the precoding design of each sending end of the primary user and the cognitive user; in the present invention, the cognitive user The design of the precoding at the sending end, in addition to considering the interference generated by the cognitive users on the primary user, ensures the transmission performance of the cognitive users at the same time, and adopts a two-stage precoding design method.
本发明假设主用户和认知用户的信道状态信息都是完全已知的。通过对主用户发送端进行预编码矩阵和后处理矩阵的设计来提升主用户的传输性能，对认知用户各发送端进行预编码矩阵的设计来将认知用户对主用户的干扰对齐到主用户未用的空间子信道上，同时保证认知用户自身的传输性能。The present invention assumes that the channel state information of the primary user and the cognitive user are completely known. The transmission performance of the primary user is improved by designing the precoding matrix and post-processing matrix for the primary user sending end, and the precoding matrix is designed for each cognitive user sending end to align the interference of the cognitive user to the primary user. On the spatial sub-channels not used by the user, while ensuring the transmission performance of the cognitive user itself.
本发明除考虑减少认知用户对主用户产生的干扰以外，还同时通过预编码矩阵保证认知用户自身的传输速率。对主用户及认知用户各发送端的预编码设计，具体方法为：In addition to reducing the interference caused by the cognitive user to the primary user, the present invention also ensures the transmission rate of the cognitive user itself through the precoding matrix. For the precoding design of each sending end of the main user and the cognitive user, the specific method is as follows:
a）设定通信场景中有一个主用户，k个认知用户；主用户和认知用户的发送端和接收端均采用多天线；a) It is assumed that there is one primary user and k cognitive users in the communication scenario; both the sending end and the receiving end of the primary user and cognitive users use multiple antennas;
主用户发送端和接收端天线数均设为M，认知用户发送端和接收端天线数均设为N。The number of antennas at the sending end and receiving end of the primary user is set to M, and the number of antennas at the sending end and receiving end of the cognitive user is set to N.
b）对主用户的传输信道矩阵H00进行奇异值分解，得到主用户的M个并行的空间子信道；并且b) Singular value decomposition is performed on the transmission channel matrix H00 of the primary user to obtain M parallel spatial sub-channels of the primary user; and
其中，传输信道矩阵H00的奇异值λ1，λ2，λ3，……，λM满足λ1>λ2>λ3…>λM；对角阵(λ1,λ2,…,λM)是M行*M列的；Among them, the singular values λ1 , λ2 , λ3 , ..., λM of the transmission channel matrix H00 satisfy λ1 >λ2 >λ3 ...>λM ; the diagonal matrix (λ1 ,λ2 ,…,λM ) are M rows*M columns;
上标H表示矩阵共轭转置运算。The superscript H denotes the matrix conjugate transpose operation.
c）设定H00的右奇异矩阵的共轭转置矩阵V0为主用户发送端的预编码矩阵。c) Set the conjugate transpose matrix V0 of the right singular matrix of H00 as the precoding matrix of the primary user transmitter.
d）设定H00的左奇异矩阵U0为主用户接收端的后处理矩阵。d) Set the left singular matrix U0 of H00 as the post-processing matrix of the receiving end of the main user.
e）对主用户发送端的M个空间子信道依据注水法进行功率分配，得到主用户的M个并行的空间子信道的功率分配矩阵P，e) Power allocation is performed on the M spatial sub-channels of the primary user transmitter according to the water injection method, and the power allocation matrix P of the M parallel spatial sub-channels of the primary user is obtained,
P=diag｛p1,p2,…,pM｝为M行*M列的对角阵，P=diag{p1 ,p2 ,…,pM } is a diagonal matrix of M rows*M columns,
其中，i=1,…,M，σ2为噪声功率，λi为传输xx矩阵H00奇异值分解后的第i个奇异值，β为注水算法中的拉格朗日乘子，函数(x)+=max(x,0)表示取实数x和0的最大值运算。in, i=1,...,M, σ2 is the noise power, λi is the ith singular value after the transmissionxx matrix H00 singular value decomposition, β is the Lagrangian multiplier in the water injection algorithm, the function (x)+ =max(x,0) represents the operation of taking the maximum value of the real number x and 0.
根据功率分配结果构造对角阵Q，Q=diag｛q1,q2,…,qM｝，Construct a diagonal matrix Q according to the power distribution results, Q=diag{q1 ,q2 ,…,qM },
其中，i=1,…,M，其中上标“+”表示函数(x)+运算；in, i=1,...,M, where the superscript "+" means function (x) + operation;
功率分配矩阵P中元素pi≠0，i=1,…,M，所对应的空间子信道称为主用户已用空间子信道，pi=0，i=1,…,M，所对应的空间子信道称为主用户未用空间子信道。The element pi ≠ 0 in the power allocation matrix P, i=1,...,M, the corresponding spatial sub-channel is called the primary user used spatial sub-channel, pi =0, i=1,...,M, corresponding to The spatial subchannels of are called primary user unused spatial subchannels.
f）对认知用户的发送端进行两级预编码矩阵设计，将认知用户传输过程中对主用户的干扰对齐到步骤e）中主用户未用空间子信道中，同时保证认知用户的传输性能；其具体步骤如下：f) Design a two-stage precoding matrix for the transmitting end of the cognitive user, and align the interference to the primary user during the transmission of the cognitive user to the unused spatial sub-channel of the primary user in step e), while ensuring the cognitive user’s Transmission performance; the specific steps are as follows:
1）在认知用户j,j=1,…,k，的发送端设计第一级预编码矩阵，以保证认知用户j的信息传输过程中，认知用户j,j=1,…,k，对主用户产生的干扰对齐到步骤e)中主用户未用空间子信道中，1) Design the first-level precoding matrix at the sending end of the cognitive user j,j=1,...,k , to ensure that during the information transmission process of cognitive user j, cognitive user j,j=1,...,k, the interference generated by the primary user is aligned to the unused space sub-channel of the primary user in step e),
利用式Exploitation
得：have to:
其中M行*N列矩阵H0j，为认知用户j对主用户的干扰信道矩阵，U0为主用户接收端的后处理矩阵，Q是步骤e）中构造的对角阵，是H0j的伪逆矩阵。Among them, the matrix H0j of M rows*N columns is the interference channel matrix of the cognitive user j to the primary user, U0 is the post-processing matrix of the receiving end of the primary user, and Q is the diagonal matrix constructed in step e), is the pseudo-inverse matrix of H0j .
2）在认知用户j,j=1,…,k，的发送端设计第二级预编码矩阵Uj：把认知用户自身的传输信道矩阵Hjj进行奇异值分解，得Hjj=取Hjj的左奇异矩阵Uj为所设计的第二级预编码矩阵。2) Design the second-level precoding matrix Uj at the sending end of the cognitive user j, j=1,...,k: Singular value decomposition is performed on the transmission channel matrix Hjj of the cognitive user itself, and Hjj = Take the left singular matrix Uj of Hjj as the designed second-level precoding matrix.
3）设计认知用户j,j=1,…,k，发送端的预编码矩阵为3) Design cognitive users j, j=1,...,k, the precoding matrix of the sender is
通过以上两级预编码的设计方法，对认知MIMO通信系统中主用户的传输信道矩阵做奇异值分解，根据奇异值分解得到空间子信道，并把干扰信号对齐到最小奇异值对应的空间子信道，剩余的多个空间子信道用于主用户发送信号，从而提高主用户的传输性能；随着主用户发射机、接收机天线数量的增加，本发明中主用户用于发送信号的空间子信道数增加，获得更好的主用户传输性能。Through the above two-level precoding design method, the singular value decomposition is performed on the transmission channel matrix of the primary user in the cognitive MIMO communication system, and the spatial sub-channels are obtained according to the singular value decomposition, and the interference signal is aligned to the spatial sub-channel corresponding to the smallest singular value. channel, and the remaining multiple spatial sub-channels are used for the primary user to send signals, thereby improving the transmission performance of the primary user; with the increase in the number of primary user transmitters and receiver antennas, the space sub-channels used by the primary user for sending signals in the present invention The number of channels increases to obtain better primary user transmission performance.
结合认知用户自身的传输信道特征，设计两级预编码，第一级预编码用于把认知用户对主用户产生的干扰对齐到主用户未用的空间子信道上，第二级预编码用于提升认知用户的传输性能，在认知MIMO系统中消除了认知用户对主用户的干扰，同时提高了认知用户的传输性能。Combined with the transmission channel characteristics of the cognitive user itself, a two-level precoding is designed. The first level of precoding is used to align the interference generated by the cognitive user on the primary user to the spatial sub-channel not used by the primary user. The second level of precoding It is used to improve the transmission performance of cognitive users, eliminates the interference of cognitive users to primary users in cognitive MIMO systems, and improves the transmission performance of cognitive users at the same time.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种认知MIMO系统的模型框图。FIG. 1 is a model block diagram of a cognitive MIMO system according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步描述Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention will be further described
一种认知MIMO通信系统的两级预编码的设计方法的一个实施例，在认知MIMO通信系统结构包括一个主用户PU，两个认知用户CU1和CU2，主用户和认知用户发送端的天线数取任意均可，这里取主用户的发送端和接收端的天线数M=3，认知用户的发送端和接收端的天线数N=2，假设主用户和认知用户的接收端都能获取完美的信道信息，不考虑主用户对认知用户的干扰。具体步骤如下：An embodiment of a two-stage precoding design method for a cognitive MIMO communication system, the structure of the cognitive MIMO communication system includes a primary user PU, two cognitive users CU1 and CU2 , the primary user and the cognitive user The number of antennas at the sending end can be arbitrary. Here, the number of antennas at the sending end and receiving end of the primary user is M=3, and the number of antennas at the sending end and receiving end of the cognitive user is N=2. Assume that the receiving end of the primary user and the cognitive user Perfect channel information can be obtained without considering the interference of primary users to cognitive users. Specific steps are as follows:
a)各用户的发送端发送下行信号，接收端反馈信道信息，各用户的发送端获取信道状况。根据后台共享，主用户和认知用户的发送端可以获取到自身传输信道以及主用户和两个认知用户之间的干扰信道的信道状态信息。记主用户自身传输信道矩阵为H00，认知用户自身的传输信道矩阵为H11和H22，H0j，j=1,2，表示第j个认知用户对主用户的干扰信道矩阵，H0j为3行*2列矩阵。a) The sending end of each user sends a downlink signal, the receiving end feeds back channel information, and the sending end of each user obtains the channel status. According to the background sharing, the sending end of the primary user and the cognitive user can obtain the channel state information of its own transmission channel and the interference channel between the primary user and the two cognitive users. Note that the primary user's own transmission channel matrix is H00 , the cognitive user's own transmission channel matrix is H11 and H22 , H0j , j=1,2, represents the interference channel matrix of the jth cognitive user to the primary user, H0j is a matrix of 3 rows*2 columns.
b)对主用户的传输信道矩阵H00进行奇异值分解得到主用户的3个并行的空间子信道，并且b) Singular value decomposition is performed on the transmission channel matrix H00 of the primary user to obtain 3 parallel spatial sub-channels of the primary user, and
其中，传输信道矩阵H00奇异值λ1，λ2，λ3满足λ1>λ2>λ3；Among them, the transmission channel matrix H00 singular values λ1 , λ2 , λ3 satisfy λ1 >λ2 >λ3 ;
对角阵(λ1,λ2,λ3)是3行*3列的；Diagonal array (λ1 ,λ2 ,λ3 ) is 3 rows*3 columns;
上标H表示矩阵共轭转置运算。The superscript H denotes the matrix conjugate transpose operation.
c）设定H00的右奇异矩阵的共轭转置矩阵V0为主用户发送端的预编码矩阵。c) Set the conjugate transpose matrix V0 of the right singular matrix of H00 as the precoding matrix of the primary user transmitter.
d）设定H00的左奇异矩阵U0为主用户接收端的后处理矩阵。d) Set the left singular matrix U0 of H00 as the post-processing matrix of the receiving end of the main user.
e）对主用户发送端的3个空间子信道依据注水法进行功率分配，得到主用户的3个并行的空间子信道的功率分配矩阵P，e) Power allocation is performed on the three spatial sub-channels of the primary user transmitter according to the water injection method, and the power allocation matrix P of the three parallel spatial sub-channels of the primary user is obtained,
P=diag｛p1,p2,p3｝为3行*3列的对角阵，P=diag{p1 ,p2 ,p3 } is a diagonal matrix of 3 rows*3 columns,
其中，i=1,2,3，σ2为噪声功率，λi为传输信道矩阵H00奇异值分解后的第i个奇异值，β为注水算法中的拉格朗日乘子，函数(x)+=max(x,0)表示取实数x和0的最大值运算；in, i=1,2,3, σ2 is the noise power, λi is the ith singular value after the transmission channel matrix H00 singular value decomposition, β is the Lagrangian multiplier in the water filling algorithm, the function (x)+ =max(x,0) means to take the maximum value operation of the real number x and 0;
根据功率分配构造对角阵Q，Q=diag｛q1,q2,q3｝；Construct a diagonal matrix Q according to the power distribution, Q=diag{q1 ,q2 ,q3 };
其中，i=1,2,3，其中上标“+”表示函数(x)+运算；in, i=1,2,3, where the superscript "+" means function (x)+ operation;
功率分配矩阵P中元素pi≠0，i=1,2,3，所对应的空间子信道称为主用户已用空间子信道，pi=0，i=1,2,3，所对应的空间子信道称为主用户未用空间子信道。The element pi ≠0 in the power allocation matrix P, i=1,2,3, the corresponding spatial subchannel is called the primary user’s used spatial subchannel, pi =0, i=1,2,3, the corresponding The spatial subchannels of are called primary user unused spatial subchannels.
f）对认知用户的发送端进行两级预编码矩阵设计，将认知用户传输过程中对主用户的干扰对齐到步骤e）中主用户未用空间子信道中。f) Design a two-stage precoding matrix for the transmitting end of the cognitive user, and align the interference to the primary user during the transmission of the cognitive user to the unused spatial sub-channel of the primary user in step e).
同时保证认知用户的传输性能，其具体步骤如下：At the same time, the transmission performance of cognitive users is guaranteed. The specific steps are as follows:
1）在认知用户j，j=1,2，的发送端设计第一级预编码矩阵，利用式1) Design the first-level precoding matrix at the sending end of cognitive user j, j=1,2 , using the formula
得：have to:
其中3行*2列矩阵H0j，为认知用户j，j=1,2，对主用户的干扰信道矩阵，U0为主用户接收端的后处理矩阵，Q是步骤e）中构造的对角阵，是H0j的伪逆矩阵。Among them, the matrix H0j of 3 rows*2 columns is the cognitive user j, j=1, 2, the interference channel matrix to the primary user, U0 is the post-processing matrix of the receiving end of the primary user, and Q is the pair constructed in step e). corner array, is the pseudo-inverse matrix of H0j .
2）在认知用户j，j=1,2，的发送端设计第二级预编码矩阵：把认知用户自身的传输信道矩阵Hjj进行奇异值分解，得取Hjj的左奇异矩阵Uj为所设计的第二级预编码矩阵。2) Design the second-level precoding matrix at the sending end of the cognitive user j, where j=1, 2: perform singular value decomposition on the transmission channel matrix Hjj of the cognitive user itself, and obtain Take the left singular matrix Uj of Hjj as the designed second-level precoding matrix.
3）设计认知用户j，j=1,2，发送端的预编码矩阵为3) Design cognitive user j, j=1,2, the precoding matrix of the sender is
综上所述，在认知MIMO通信系统中，认知用户采用伺机接入方式使用主用户的空间子信道，通过干扰对齐方法来降低认知用户对主用户产生的干扰；干扰对齐通过认知用户各发送端的预编码设计来实现。To sum up, in a cognitive MIMO communication system, cognitive users use the spatial sub-channel of the primary user in an opportunistic access manner, and reduce the interference generated by the cognitive user to the primary user through the interference alignment method; It is realized by the precoding design of each sending end of the user.
所提两级预编码的设计方法对认知MIMO通信系统中主用户的传输信道矩阵做奇异值分解，根据奇异值分解得到空间子信道，并把干扰信号对齐到最小奇异值对应的空间子信道，剩余的多个空间子信道用于主用户发送信号，从而提高主用户的传输性能；随着主用户发射机、接收机天线数量的增加，本发明中主用户用于发送信号的空间子信道数增加，获得更好的主用户传输性能。The proposed two-stage precoding design method performs singular value decomposition on the transmission channel matrix of the primary user in the cognitive MIMO communication system, obtains the spatial subchannels according to the singular value decomposition, and aligns the interference signal to the spatial subchannel corresponding to the smallest singular value , the remaining multiple spatial subchannels are used for the primary user to send signals, thereby improving the transmission performance of the primary user; with the increase in the number of primary user transmitters and receiver antennas, the spatial subchannels used by the primary user for sending signals in the present invention The number increases to obtain better primary user transmission performance.
对认知用户的发送端采用两级预编码的设计方法，第一级预编码用于把认知用户对主用户产生的干扰对齐到主用户未用的空间子信道上，第二级预编码用于提升认知用户的传输性能；这里主用户和认知用户可以选取不同的天线数量，实施方面更加灵活；此种两级预编码的设计方法在降低认知用户对主用户干扰的情况下，保证了认知用户的传输性能。A two-level precoding design method is adopted for the transmitting end of the cognitive user. The first level of precoding is used to align the interference generated by the cognitive user on the primary user to the spatial sub-channel not used by the primary user. The second level of precoding It is used to improve the transmission performance of cognitive users; here, the primary user and cognitive user can choose different antenna numbers, and the implementation is more flexible; this two-stage precoding design method can reduce the interference of cognitive users to primary users. , which guarantees the transmission performance for cognitive users.
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