CN103768704A - Device for adjusting drainage volume of ventricular cerebrospinal fluid based on intracranial pressure feedback - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChineseDescription
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于医疗器械，特别涉及一种用于神经外科脑室-腹腔分流手术后根据颅内压自动调控脑脊液引流量的装置。The invention belongs to medical equipment, in particular to a device for automatically regulating the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid according to the intracranial pressure after neurosurgical ventricle-peritoneal shunt operation.
背景技术Background technique
脑室-腹腔分流手术是神经外科治疗脑积水的常用手术方式。脑室-腹腔分流手术后，通过在脑室和腹腔之间置入一根引流管，将脑室中多余的脑脊液分流入腹腔可缓解患者颅内高压的症状，但过度引流会导致颅内低压，引起脑内出血等神经并发症。因此，如何根据颅内压实时监测结果精准调节脑脊液分流量，是保证脑室-腹腔分流手术后分流效果和分流导管是否能在患者体内长期安全使用的关键问题。Ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery is a common surgical method for neurosurgery in the treatment of hydrocephalus. After ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery, by placing a drainage tube between the ventricles and the abdominal cavity, shunting the excess cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles into the abdominal cavity can relieve the symptoms of intracranial hypertension in patients, but excessive drainage can lead to intracranial low pressure, causing cerebral palsy Neurological complications such as internal bleeding. Therefore, how to accurately adjust the cerebrospinal fluid shunt flow according to the real-time monitoring results of intracranial pressure is the key issue to ensure the shunt effect after ventricular-peritoneal shunt surgery and whether the shunt catheter can be used safely in patients for a long time.
目前，对于实施外引流的患者来说，通过外接压力传感器和监护仪已经基本实现了根据颅内压反馈调节引流量的目标。但是，对于无法通过外接压力传感器对颅内压力进行实时监测的脑室-腹腔内引流的患者来说，由于现有的无创间接测颅内压仪器存在测量精度差，方法繁琐等缺点，导致多数患者只能在脑脊液过度引流导致严重颅内低压并出现明显临床症状后才能通过影像学检查发现。虽然，对于这类患者部分专利提出了通过手动调节安置于皮下的机械开关来控制脑脊液引流量的方案，但均无法真正解决根据实时监测的颅内压精准调节颅内脑脊液引流量的问题，这将势必影响患者的康复，甚至会危及患者的生命。At present, for patients undergoing external drainage, the goal of adjusting drainage volume based on intracranial pressure feedback has been basically achieved through external pressure sensors and monitors. However, for patients with ventriculo-peritoneal drainage who cannot monitor intracranial pressure in real time through an external pressure sensor, due to the shortcomings of poor measurement accuracy and cumbersome methods in the existing non-invasive indirect intracranial pressure measurement instruments, most patients It can only be detected by imaging after overdrainage of CSF leads to severe intracranial hypotension and becomes clinically apparent. Although, for such patients, some patents propose a solution to control the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid by manually adjusting the mechanical switch placed under the skin, none of them can really solve the problem of accurately adjusting the drainage of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid according to the intracranial pressure monitored in real time. Will inevitably affect the patient's recovery, and even endanger the patient's life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，以便能根据颅内压实时监测结果精准调节脑脊液分流量。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a device for adjusting the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles based on intracranial pressure feedback, so as to accurately adjust the shunt volume of cerebrospinal fluid according to the real-time monitoring results of intracranial pressure.
本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，包括压力传感器、引流管、程控开关、装载板、第一电子控制系统、第一电源、第二电子控制系统和第二电源；所述第一电子控制系统由第一单片机及分别与第一单片机连接的第一无线接收器和第一无线发射器组成，第一无线发射器用于向第二电子控制系统发送信息，第一无线接收器用于接收来自于第二电子控制系统的信息并将接收到的信息传输给第一单片机；所述第二电子控制系统包括第二单片机及分别与第二单片机连接的第二无线接收器、第二无线发射器、人机交互操作按键和显示器，第二无线发射器用于向第一电子控制系统发送指令，第二无线接收器用于接收来自于第一电子控制系统的信息并将接收到的信息传输给第二单片机，人机交互操作按键用于向第二单片机发送指令，显示器用于显示第二单片机接收到的信息；所述第一电源用于向第一电子控制系统、程控开关提供工作电流，所述第二电源用于向第二电子控制系统提供工作电流；所述引流管依次由脑室段、被控制段和腹腔段组成，所述被控制段安装在装载板设置的凹槽中；所述程控开关与第一单片机连接并设置在安装引流管被控制段的装载板上的凹槽处，用于导通或截断脑脊液进入腹腔的通路；所述压力传感器与第一单片机连接，用于对颅内的压力进行采集，并将采集到的压力信号转变成电信号传输给第一单片机；所述第一单片机将接收到的压力电信号进行处理并根据颅内的压力状况控制程控开关所处的状态，同时将颅内压力、程控开关所处状态、压力传感器的工作模式参数和第一电源状态通过第一无线发射器、第二无线接收器传输给第二单片机；根据第二单片机的指令调整程控开关所处状态和压力传感器的工作模式参数（压力传感器的工作模式参数包括工作时间、工作频率）并将调整后的信息通过第一无线发射器、第二无线接收器传输给第二单片机；根据第二单片机的指令开机或关机；所述第二单片机将接收到的来自于第一单片机的信息进行处理并传输给显示器予以显示，将来自于人机交互操作按键的指令进行处理后通过第二无线发射器、第一无线接收器传输给第一单片机；所述第一电源、第一电子控制系统及安装有引流管被控制段和程控开关的装载板封装在至少一盒体内，以便于消毒和埋于患者皮下。The device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback of the present invention includes a pressure sensor, a drainage tube, a programmable switch, a loading board, a first electronic control system, a first power supply, a second electronic control system and a second power supply ; The first electronic control system is composed of the first single-chip microcomputer and the first wireless receiver and the first wireless transmitter connected to the first single-chip microcomputer respectively, the first wireless transmitter is used to send information to the second electronic control system, the first The wireless receiver is used to receive information from the second electronic control system and transmit the received information to the first single-chip microcomputer; the second electronic control system includes a second single-chip microcomputer and a second wireless receiver connected to the second single-chip microcomputer respectively , a second wireless transmitter, human-computer interaction buttons and a display, the second wireless transmitter is used to send instructions to the first electronic control system, and the second wireless receiver is used to receive information from the first electronic control system and receive The information transmitted to the second single-chip microcomputer, the human-computer interaction button is used to send instructions to the second single-chip microcomputer, and the display is used to display the information received by the second single-chip microcomputer; Provide working current, and the second power supply is used to provide working current to the second electronic control system; the drainage tube is sequentially composed of a ventricle segment, a controlled segment and an abdominal cavity segment, and the controlled segment is installed in the concave cavity set on the loading plate. In the groove; the programmable switch is connected with the first single-chip microcomputer and arranged on the groove on the loading plate of the controlled section of the drainage tube, which is used to conduct or cut off the passage of cerebrospinal fluid into the abdominal cavity; the pressure sensor and the first single-chip microcomputer connection, used to collect intracranial pressure, and convert the collected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the first single-chip microcomputer; the first single-chip microcomputer processes the received pressure electrical signal and performs a Control the state of the program-controlled switch, and simultaneously transmit the intracranial pressure, the state of the program-controlled switch, the operating mode parameters of the pressure sensor and the first power supply state to the second single-chip microcomputer through the first wireless transmitter and the second wireless receiver; The instructions of the second single-chip microcomputer adjust the state of the programmable switch and the working mode parameters of the pressure sensor (the working mode parameters of the pressure sensor include working time and working frequency) and pass the adjusted information through the first wireless transmitter and the second wireless receiver Transmit to the second single-chip microcomputer; Start or shut down according to the instruction of the second single-chip microcomputer; The information received from the first single-chip microcomputer is processed by the second single-chip microcomputer and transmitted to the display for display, and the information from the human-computer interaction button After the instruction is processed, it is transmitted to the first single-chip microcomputer through the second wireless transmitter and the first wireless receiver; the first power supply, the first electronic control system and the loading board equipped with the controlled section of the drainage tube and the program-controlled switch are packaged in at least Inside a box for easy disinfection and burial under the patient's skin.
上述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，其程控开关由两个电磁组件构成，所述电磁组件由外壳、线圈、挡块、复位弹簧和电磁铁制作的动触头组成，外壳的一端封闭、一端开口，挡块安装在外壳封闭端的内壁，线圈安装在外壳的筒体段内壁，复位弹簧安装在线圈的壳体上，动触头与复位弹簧连接，其一端插装在线圈内，其另一端朝向外壳的开口端。程控开关的线圈通电电流大小可以决定程控开关内部产生磁力大小，进而可以影响复位弹簧的压缩程度，最终影响程控开关的开合状态。当线圈未通电时，程控开关内部不产生磁力，程控开关的动触头在弹簧弹力作用处于关闭状态；当线圈通微弱电流时，程控开关内部产生较弱磁力，程控开关的动触头在较弱磁力作用下部分压缩弹簧处于半开启状态；当线圈通较强电流时，程控开关内部产生较强磁力，程控开关的动触头在较强磁力作用下完全压缩弹簧处于全开启状态。The above-mentioned device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback has a programmable switch composed of two electromagnetic components. One end is closed and one end is open, the stopper is installed on the inner wall of the closed end of the shell, the coil is installed on the inner wall of the cylinder section of the shell, the return spring is installed on the shell of the coil, the moving contact is connected with the return spring, and one end is inserted into the coil inside, with the other end facing the open end of the housing. The current of the coil of the program-controlled switch can determine the magnitude of the magnetic force generated inside the program-controlled switch, which in turn can affect the compression degree of the return spring, and finally affect the opening and closing state of the program-controlled switch. When the coil is not energized, there is no magnetic force inside the program-controlled switch, and the moving contact of the program-controlled switch is in a closed state under the action of spring force; Under the action of weak magnetic force, part of the compressed spring is in a semi-open state; when the coil passes a strong current, a strong magnetic force is generated inside the program-controlled switch, and the movable contact of the program-controlled switch is fully compressed under the action of a strong magnetic force. The spring is in a fully open state.
上述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，其引流管为整体式结构或分体式结构，所述分体式结构的引流管，其脑室段、被控制段、腹腔段为三段独立的管件，通过连接管连接组合而成。The above-mentioned device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback has a drainage tube of an integral structure or a split structure, and the drainage tube of the split structure has three independent segments: The pipe fittings are combined by connecting pipes.
上述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，还可设置温度传感器和比重传感器，用于采集颅内的温度信息和脑脊液的比重信息，所述温度传感器和比重传感器分别与第一单片机连接，将采集到的温度信号和比重信号转变成电信号传输给第一单片机。The above-mentioned device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback can also be provided with a temperature sensor and a specific gravity sensor for collecting intracranial temperature information and cerebrospinal fluid specific gravity information, and the temperature sensor and specific gravity sensor are respectively connected with the first single-chip microcomputer connected to convert the collected temperature signal and specific gravity signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the first single-chip microcomputer.
从使用方便的角度考虑，本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置中，第二单片机、第二电源安装在一盒体内，第二无线接收器、第二无线发射器安装在所述盒体的外壁或内壁，人机交互操作按键、显示器安装在所述盒体的外壁。From the perspective of ease of use, in the device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback in the present invention, the second single-chip microcomputer and the second power supply are installed in a box body, and the second wireless receiver and the second wireless transmitter It is installed on the outer wall or inner wall of the box body, and the human-computer interaction operation buttons and the display are installed on the outer wall of the box body.
为了扩展第二电子控制系统的功能，第二单片机还设置有报警指示灯、报警蜂鸣器、数据存储器和数据输出接口，第二电源连接有电源指示灯，报警指示灯、报警蜂鸣器、数据存储器和数据输出接口分别与第二单片机连接；所述数据存储器与第二单片机、第二电源安装在同一盒体内，所述报警蜂鸣器安装在所述盒体的外壁或内壁，所述数据输出接口、报警指示灯和电源指示灯安装在所述盒体的外壁。In order to expand the function of the second electronic control system, the second single-chip microcomputer is also provided with an alarm indicator light, an alarm buzzer, a data memory and a data output interface, and the second power supply is connected with a power indicator light, an alarm indicator light, an alarm buzzer, The data memory and the data output interface are respectively connected with the second single-chip microcomputer; the data memory, the second single-chip microcomputer and the second power supply are installed in the same box body, and the alarm buzzer is installed on the outer wall or the inner wall of the box body, and the A data output interface, an alarm indicator light and a power indicator light are installed on the outer wall of the box body.
本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，其使用方法如下：The device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention is used as follows:
在脑室-腹腔分流手术时，将引流管的脑室段置入患者的颅内，将引流管的腹腔段置入患者的腹腔内，将压力传感器，或压力传感器、温度传感器和比重传感器置入患者的颅内，将装有第一单片机、第一电源、第一无线接收器、第一无线发射器、引流管被控制段、程控开关和装载板的盒体埋于患者皮下，使第二单片机及与第二单片机连接的第二电源和其它器件位于患者体外。During ventriculo-peritoneal shunt surgery, place the ventricle segment of the drainage tube into the patient's cranium, place the abdominal segment of the drainage tube into the patient's abdominal cavity, and place the pressure sensor, or pressure sensor, temperature sensor and specific gravity sensor into the patient In the cranium of the patient, the box body containing the first single-chip microcomputer, the first power supply, the first wireless receiver, the first wireless transmitter, the controlled section of the drainage tube, the program-controlled switch and the loading board is buried under the patient's skin, so that the second single-chip microcomputer And the second power supply and other devices connected with the second single-chip microcomputer are located outside the body of the patient.
本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置，其工作原理如下：The device of the present invention for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback has the following working principle:
压力传感器对颅内压力进行采集，并将采集到的信号转变成电信号传输给第一单片机，第一单片机将接收到的压力电信号进行处理并根据颅内的压力状况控制程控开关所处的状态：当颅内压力正常时，程控开关关闭，停止对脑脊液引流。当颅内压力超过设定高限时，程控开关处于全部开启状态，引流管被控制段以最大内径引流脑脊液，将颅内脑脊液引流到腹腔内，直至压力传感器感知到颅内压力恢复到正常时，程控开关关闭，脑脊液引流停止。当颅内压力处于正常和高限之间的压力范围内时，程控开关处于相应不同开启档位，引流管被控制段获得相应的不同引流内径，颅内脑脊液以不同引流速度引流到腹腔内，直至压力传感器感知到颅内压力恢复到正常时，程控开关关闭，脑脊液引流停止。The pressure sensor collects the intracranial pressure, converts the collected signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the first single-chip microcomputer, and the first single-chip microcomputer processes the received pressure electrical signal and controls the location of the programmable switch according to the intracranial pressure condition. Status: When the intracranial pressure is normal, the programmable switch is closed and the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid is stopped. When the intracranial pressure exceeds the set upper limit, the programmable switch is fully turned on, and the drainage tube is controlled to drain the cerebrospinal fluid with the maximum inner diameter, and the intracranial cerebrospinal fluid is drained into the abdominal cavity until the pressure sensor senses that the intracranial pressure returns to normal. The programmable switch was turned off, and the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid was stopped. When the intracranial pressure is within the pressure range between the normal and the upper limit, the programmable switch is in the corresponding different opening positions, and the controlled section of the drainage tube obtains the corresponding different drainage inner diameters, and the intracranial cerebrospinal fluid is drained into the abdominal cavity at different drainage speeds. When the pressure sensor detects that the intracranial pressure returns to normal, the programmable switch is turned off and the cerebrospinal fluid drainage stops.
通过无线传输和第二单片机对接收到的信号的处理，在与第二单片机连接的显示器上可显示出包括颅内压力、第一单片机的电源状态、工作模式等信息。Through wireless transmission and processing of received signals by the second single-chip computer, information including intracranial pressure, power supply status and working mode of the first single-chip computer can be displayed on the display connected to the second single-chip computer.
根据置入颅内感应元件种类和功能不同，在第二盒体的显示器上还可显示由第一单片机传输的其它重要参数信息，如：颅内温度、脑脊液比重等。通过人机交互按键对第二单片机进行设置和无线传输，经第一单片机接收分析后可以实现对程控开关的工作状态参数的控制。在安全性方面，当第一单片机监测到异常信息（如：颅内压力急剧变化）时，可通过第二单片机实现报警，并可通过对第二单片机的设置对第一单片机实现断电、关机等控制，保证使用的安全性。According to the different types and functions of the intracranial sensing elements, other important parameter information transmitted by the first single-chip microcomputer can also be displayed on the display of the second box body, such as: intracranial temperature, cerebrospinal fluid specific gravity, etc. The second single-chip microcomputer is set and wirelessly transmitted through the human-computer interaction keys, and the working state parameters of the program-controlled switch can be controlled after being received and analyzed by the first single-chip microcomputer. In terms of safety, when the first single-chip computer detects abnormal information (such as a sharp change in intracranial pressure), the second single-chip computer can be used to alarm, and the first single-chip computer can be powered off and shut down by setting the second single-chip computer and other controls to ensure the safety of use.
本发明具有以下有益效果：The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明所述装置可对颅内压力进行监测，对脑室-腹腔分流的各项分流参数进行控制，从而实现对颅内压力的精准调节，减少分流过度和分流不足带来的临床危害。1. The device of the present invention can monitor intracranial pressure and control various shunt parameters of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, thereby realizing precise adjustment of intracranial pressure and reducing clinical hazards caused by excessive shunting and insufficient shunting.
2、本发明所述装置还可对颅内温度、脑脊液比重等进行实时监测和记录，并可通过数据输出接口将数据导出用于分析。2. The device of the present invention can also monitor and record the intracranial temperature and the specific gravity of cerebrospinal fluid in real time, and can export the data for analysis through the data output interface.
3、本发明所述装置使用方便，通过操作与第二单片机连接的人机交互操作按键，即可向第一单片机发送信息，经第一单片机接收分析后可以实现对程控开关的工作状态的控制；当第一单片机监测到异常信息（如：颅内压力急剧变化）时，可通过第二单片机实现报警，并可通过对第二单片机的设置对第一单片机实现断电、关机等控制，保证使用的安全性。3. The device of the present invention is easy to use, and can send information to the first single-chip microcomputer by operating the human-computer interaction button connected to the second single-chip microcomputer, and can realize the control of the working state of the program-controlled switch after receiving and analyzing by the first single-chip microcomputer ; When the first single-chip microcomputer detects abnormal information (such as a sharp change in intracranial pressure), the second single-chip microcomputer can be used to alarm, and the first single-chip microcomputer can be controlled by power-off and shutdown through the settings of the second single-chip microcomputer to ensure Safety of use.
4、将装有第一单片机、第一电源、第一无线接收器、第一无线发射器、引流管被控制段、第一程控开关、第二程控开关和装载板的盒体埋于患者皮下，因而电子元件和引流管被控制段均可方便的更换。4. Bury the box with the first single-chip microcomputer, the first power supply, the first wireless receiver, the first wireless transmitter, the controlled section of the drainage tube, the first programmable switch, the second programmable switch and the loading board under the patient's skin , so the electronic components and the controlled section of the drainage tube can be easily replaced.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置中第一电子控制系统、第二电子控制系统及被控制器件的一种结构框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the first electronic control system, the second electronic control system and the controlled devices in the device for adjusting intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention.
图2是本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置中第一电子控制系统、第二电子控制系统及被控制器件的的另一种结构框图。Fig. 2 is another structural block diagram of the first electronic control system, the second electronic control system and the controlled devices in the device for adjusting intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention.
图3是引流管的结构示意图，其中，（1）图是整体式结构的引流管，（2）图是分体式结构的引流管。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drainage tube, wherein (1) is a drainage tube with an integral structure, and (2) is a drainage tube with a split structure.
图4是装载板的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading plate.
图5是引流管、程控开关在装载板上的安装示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the drainage tube and the programmable switch on the loading plate.
图6是程控开关的结构示意图，其中，（1）图中的程控开关处于关闭状态，（2）图中的程控开关处于部分开启状态，（3）图中的程控开关处于完全开启状态。Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a program-controlled switch, wherein (1) the program-controlled switch in the figure is in the off state, (2) the program-controlled switch in the figure is in the partially open state, and (3) the program-controlled switch in the figure is in the fully open state.
图7是本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置的一种外形图。Fig. 7 is an outline view of the device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention.
图8是本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置的另一种外形图。Fig. 8 is another outline view of the device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention.
图9是图7所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置的安装方式图。Fig. 9 is a diagram of the installation method of the device for adjusting the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricle based on the feedback of intracranial pressure described in Fig. 7 .
图10是图8所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置的安装方式图。Fig. 10 is a diagram of the installation method of the device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback in Fig. 8 .
图中，1—引流管（1-1：脑室段、1-2：腹腔段、1-3：被控制段），2—连接管，3—装载板，4—程控开关，5—外壳，6—线圈，7—挡块，8—复位弹簧，9—动触头，10—压力传感器，11—数据线，12—第一盒体，13—第一无线发射/接收窗，14—第二盒体，15—第二无线发射/接收窗，16—人机交互操作按键，17—显示器，18—第三盒体，19—温度传感器，20—比重传感器，21—第四盒体，22—报警指示灯，23—报警蜂鸣器，24—电源指示灯，25—患者。In the figure, 1—drainage tube (1-1: ventricle segment, 1-2: abdominal cavity segment, 1-3: controlled segment), 2—connecting tube, 3—loading plate, 4—programmable switch, 5—housing, 6—coil, 7—block, 8—return spring, 9—moving contact, 10—pressure sensor, 11—data line, 12—the first box body, 13—the first wireless transmitting/receiving window, 14—the first Two boxes, 15—second wireless transmitting/receiving window, 16—human-computer interaction button, 17—display, 18—third box, 19—temperature sensor, 20—specific gravity sensor, 21—fourth box, 22—alarm indicator light, 23—alarm buzzer, 24—power indicator light, 25—patient.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明所述基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置在结构方面作进一步说明。The structure of the device for regulating intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback according to the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
本实施例中，基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置包括压力传感器10、引流管1、程控开关4、装载板3、第一电子控制系统、第一电源、第二电子控制系统和第二电源。所述第一电子控制系统如图1所示，由第一单片机及分别与第一单片机连接的第一无线接收器和第一无线发射器组成。所述第二电子控制系统如图1所示，由第二单片机及分别与第二单片机连接的第二无线接收器、第二无线发射器、人机交互操作按键和显示器组成。第一单片机和第二单片机均选用型号为MSP430F135的单片机（美国TI公司生产），第一、第二无线接收器和第一、第二无线发射器的型号为nRF905(苏州天铱电子科技有限公司生产），所述压力传感器10选用型号为MPX5050的压力传感器（美国freescale公司生产）。所述引流管1为分体式结构，如图3中的（2）图所示，依次由脑室段1-1、被控制段1-3和腹腔段1-2组成，脑室段1-1、被控制段1-3、腹腔段1-2为三段独立的管件，通过连接管2连接组合而成；所述脑室段1-1、被控制段1-3、腹腔段1-2为医用材料制作的软管，所述连接管2为医用材料制作的硬质管。所述程控开关4由两个电磁组件构成，所述电磁组件如图6所示，由外壳5、线圈6、挡块7、复位弹簧8和电磁铁制作的动触头9组成，外壳的一端封闭、一端开口，挡块安装在外壳封闭端的内壁，线圈安装在外壳的筒体段内壁，复位弹簧安装在线圈的壳体上，动触头与复位弹簧连接，其一端插装在线圈内，其另一端朝向外壳的开口端。所述装载板3如图4所示，其上设置有安装引流管被控制段、程控开关的凹槽。In this embodiment, the device for adjusting intraventricular cerebrospinal fluid drainage based on intracranial pressure feedback includes a
各构件和器件的组合方式：如图1和图7中的（1）图所示，压力传感器10的输出端通过数据线11与第一单片机连接；如图5所示，引流管的被控制段1-3安装在装载板3设置的凹槽中；如图1和图5所示，程控开关4与第一单片机连接并设置在安装引流管被控制段的装载板上的凹槽处。如图1所示，第一电源用于向第一电子控制系统、程控开关提供工作电流，第二电源用于向第二电子控制系统提供工作电流。Combination of various components and devices: as shown in Figure 1 and (1) in Figure 7, the output end of the
如图7中的（1）图所示，所述第一电源、第一电子控制系统及安装有引流管被控制段1-3、程控开关4的装载板3封装在第一盒体12内，所述第一盒体12上开设有第一无线发射/接收窗13，所述引流管的脑室段1-1、腹腔段1-2和压力传感器10位于第一盒体之外。如图7中的（2）图所示，所述第二电源、第二单片机安装在第二盒体14内，所述第二无线接收器、第二无线发射器安装在第二盒体的内壁，所述人机交互操作按键16、显示器17安装在第二盒体的外壁，所述第二盒体14上开设有第二无线发射/接收窗15。As shown in (1) in Figure 7, the first power supply, the first electronic control system, and the
本实施例中，基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置在使用时的安装方式如图9所示，引流管的脑室段1-1置入患者25的脑室内，引流管的腹腔段1-2置入患者25的腹腔内，压力传感器10置入患者25的脑室内，第一盒体12埋于患者25皮下，第二盒体14位于患者体外，由医务人员手持操作。In this embodiment, the device for adjusting the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles based on intracranial pressure feedback is installed as shown in Fig. Section 1-2 is placed in the abdominal cavity of the
实施例2Example 2
本实施例中，基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置如图2、图8所示，与实施例1不同之处在于：In this embodiment, the device for adjusting the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles based on intracranial pressure feedback is shown in Figure 2 and Figure 8, and the difference from
1、增加了温度传感器19和比重传感器20，所述温度传感器和比重传感器分别通过数据线11与第一单片机连接，用于对颅内的温度和脑脊液的比重进行采集，并将采集到的温度信号和比重信号传输给第一单片机，温度传感器选WRTP热电阻温度传感器，比重传感器选用型号为SG-601的比重传感器。1. A
2、第二电子控制系统增加了报警指示灯22、报警蜂鸣器23、数据存储器、数据输出接口，报警指示灯22、报警蜂鸣器23、数据存储器、数据输出接口分别与第二单片机连接，第二电源连接有电源指示灯24。2, the second electronic control system has increased
3、如图8中的（1）图所示，所述第一电源、第一电子控制系统封装在第三盒体18内，压力传感器10、温度传感器19和比重传感器20位于第三盒体之外，所述第三盒体18上开设有第一无线发射/接收窗13；安装有引流管被控制段1-3、程控开关4的装载板3封装在第四盒体21内，所述引流管的脑室段1-1、腹腔段1-2位于第四盒体之外。3. As shown in (1) in Figure 8, the first power supply and the first electronic control system are packaged in the
4、如图8中的（2）图所示，所述第二单片机、第二电源和数据存储器安装在第二盒体14内，所述第二无线接收器、第二无线发射器和报警蜂鸣器23安装在第二盒体的内壁或外壁，所述人机交互操作按键16、显示器17、报警指示灯22、电源指示灯24、数据输出接口安装在第二盒体的外壁，所述第二盒体14上开设有第二无线发射/接收窗15。4. As shown in (2) of Figure 8, the second single-chip microcomputer, the second power supply and the data memory are installed in the
本实施例中，基于颅内压反馈调节脑室内脑脊液引流量的装置在使用时的安装方式如图10所示，引流管的脑室段1-1置入患者25的颅内，引流管的腹腔段1-2置入患者25的腹腔内，压力传感器10、温度传感器19和比重传感器20置入患者25的颅内，第三盒体18和第四盒体21埋于患者25皮下，第二盒体14位于患者体外，由医务人员手持操作。In this embodiment, the device for adjusting the drainage volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles based on intracranial pressure feedback is installed as shown in Fig. Section 1-2 is placed in the abdominal cavity of the
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