One way of life refuse classification processing method and sorter thereofTechnical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of solid waste, the processing method of one way of life refuse classification specifically and sorter thereof, belong to environmental technology field.
Background technology
The house refuse of urban life community mostly is the solid waste of general resident's daily life generation, mainly comprise waste paper, plastics, metal, glass, pottery, dust, castoff etc., due to the complicated component of these solid waste, be difficult to carry out unified recycling, substantially be all adopt landfill and burn two kinds of methods to process at present, all there is the defect being difficult to overcome in these processing modes, such as landfill disposal, need to take a large amount of landfill places, and there is the danger that diffusate etc. pollutes, at present many large-and-medium size cities are difficult to find suitable landfill place, for burning disposal, the construction of burning facility and operating cost are all higher, also there is smoke pollution, although people are continually developing new incineration technology and smoke gas treatment technology at present, but this latent defect being converted to another kind of pollution modes with a kind of pollution modes still can not fundamentally overcome, therefore for the complexity of house refuse composition, by the difference of house refuse according to mass density, divide and elect the different material of some classes as, carry out recycling for these different materials and seem very necessary.
On December 10th, 2008, Chinese invention patent application publication number CNl01318195A, discloses one way of life rubbish wet concentration classification process and recoverying and utilizing method, comprises the following steps: (1) ragging, isolate bulk materials; (2) broken; (3) natural flotation, isolates light material; (4) air supporting, isolates time light material; (5) rotational flow sorting, isolates middle material and heavy material; (6) by bulk materials classification process; (7) by light crushing material and after drying, as kind of light building board filler; (8) by time light crushing material, as the raw material of fuel; (9) by after middle crushing material, as the nonactive raw material of construction material; (10) heavy material is divided into metalliferous material and non-metallic material, metalliferous material is used for metallurgy, non-metallic material is used for building.The difference of house refuse foundation mass density is divided into the different material of some classes by this invention effectively, and recycles respectively according to different material character, but complex process, need air supporting, Cyclone Coal Separation Equpment, fund input is large, and energy consumption is high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one way of life refuse classification processing method, and house refuse is divided into three classes by this method effectively, for the recycling of house refuse or process provide advantage.The method investment is little, easy to operate, can realize community's classification process of house refuse, reduce the cost of transportation of rubbish; Reduce because rubbish can not transport the environmental sanitation problem brought in time, the present invention also provides a kind of sorter realizing said method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: will add in the water of separate tank after refuse breaking, the material floats that in rubbish, proportion is light and more hydrophobic than water forms floating thing at the water surface, the species precipitate that in rubbish, proportion is heavier than water forms sediment at the bottom, and in rubbish, proportion forms suspension close in the material of water or hydroaropic substance in suspension water; Concentrate sorting process by rear for floating thing cleaning, by sediment sub-sieve, sieve upper part concentrates sorting process after cleaning, and lower part of screen is direct landfill after dividing sedimentation; Suspension carries out anaerobic fermentation and produces biogas together with water;
Specifically undertaken by following process steps:
1. the house refuse of collection is carried out fragmentation through disintegrating machine, the cystozooid in rubbish is disintegrated, and the various compositions in rubbish can scatter effectively;
2. the rubbish after fragmentation is added in separate tank, with floating thing collector, the floating thing on the water surface is collected, in the floating thing collected, spray clear water clean, the floating thing after cleaning is loaded in the first collection container; Rinse water falls into separate tank; Floating thing after cleaning send sorting Treatment stations to focus on;
3. open leakage fluid dram, the liquid in separate tank and suspension are put into together methane-generating pit and carry out anaerobic fermentation production biogas;
4. start conveyer, the sediment bottom separate tank is delivered in screen-dividing machine; Start screen-dividing machine, carry out washing sub-sieve, the oversize after cleaning loads in the second collection container 5; When the oversize in the second collection container 5 reaches a certain amount of, be also transported to sorting Treatment stations and focus on; Collecting precipitation silting after sedimentation basin sedimentation to be divided after cleaning together with liquid in lower part of screen, and when the precipitation silt piled up is collected a certain amount of, carry out direct landfill disposal, sedimentation separation water returns separate tank reuse.
In order to realize above-mentioned technique, the present invention devises a kind of special sorter, and it comprises hopper, disintegrating machine, separate tank, the first collection container, the second collection container 5, sedimentation basin and methane-generating pit; The body top, pond of described separate tank is rectangular pond, and pond body bottom design is the cone end, sets up spray water device above the pond mouth of pond body; Above-mentioned disintegrating machine be arranged on separate tank length to pond, front end mouth above, and the top of disintegrating machine is provided with hopper, and the bottom discharge mouth place of disintegrating machine has guide groove to connect separate tank mouth; Establish leakage fluid dram at the sidewall at the long middle part to the back-end of separate tank body, leakage fluid dram pipeline connects methane-generating pit; Above-mentioned leakage fluid dram front install one across separate tank body wide to barrier, the Chi Kou of the concordant separate tank of barrier top edge, lower limb is lower than the horizontal plane of leakage fluid dram lower edge; Face, pond overhung one floating thing collector between barrier and guide groove; The Chi Tikuan of above-mentioned separate tank to side establish the first collection container, the first collection container entrance docks with floating thing collector, enables floating thing be loaded in the first collection container by floating thing collector; The Chi Tikuan of above-mentioned separate tank to opposite side establish screen-dividing machine, the second collection container 5 and sedimentation basin; The below of screen-dividing machine connects sedimentation basin; Described separate tank is connected by a conveyer with screen-dividing machine, and the feed end of conveyer is inserted in bottom separate tank lowest part at the bottom of cone.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and economized air supporting, Cyclone Coal Separation Equpment and processing step; But still can collect time light material, and for the production of biogas, thus treating apparatus investment reduces greatly, also can produce economic benefit, and easy to operate, community's classification process of house refuse can be realized, reduce the cost of transportation 50-90% of rubbish; Reduce because rubbish can not transport the environmental sanitation problem brought in time, increase the utilization rate that can utilize material in rubbish.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sorter floor map.
Fig. 3 is sorter generalized section.
Being labeled as in figure: 1 hopper; 2 disintegrating machines; 3 separate tanks; 4 first collection containers; 5 second collection containers; 6 sedimentation basins; 7 methane-generating pits; 8 spray water devices; 9 guide grooves; 10 leakage fluid drams; 11 barriers; 12 floating thing collectors; 13 screen-dividing machines; 14 conveyers.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments, the present invention will be further described
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 represents a kind of device realizing community's classification process of house refuse, and it comprises hopper 1, disintegrating machine 2; Separate tank 3; Floating thing collector 12; Conveyer 5; Screen-dividing machine 13; Sedimentation basin 6; Barrier 11; Leakage fluid dram 10.Hopper 1 is above disintegrating machine 2, and disintegrating machine 2 is above separate tank 3, and floating thing collector 12 hangs on the top of separate tank 3, and conveyer 5 extends to separate tank and is connected with screen-dividing machine 13 bottom separate tank 3, and sedimentation basin 6 is below screen-dividing machine 13; Separate tank 3 establishes leakage fluid dram 10 at the middle part of the side relative with disintegrating machine 2 position, and a barrier 11 is installed in leakage fluid dram front, and the lower edge of barrier is lower than leakage fluid dram lower edge.
Embodiment 1
Open disintegrating machine 2, house refuse is poured into hopper 1 after crusher in crushing, fall into separate tank 3, after the whole fragmentation of rubbish, other material adhering to floating thing surface is made to enter in water to separate tank surface sprinkling clear water, start floating thing collector 12, floating thing is collected, sprays clear water with spray water device 8 to the floating thing collected and other material on floating thing is cleaned, the floating thing after cleaning is loaded in the first collection container 4; Open leakage fluid dram 10, the liquid part in separate tank is put into methane-generating pit 7; Start conveyer 5, the sediment bottom separate tank is delivered to screen-dividing machine, start screen-dividing machine 13, carry out washing sub-sieve, upper part will be sieved and collect in loading second collection container 5, after the sediment bottom pond has been carried, close conveyer and screen-dividing machine, restart to collect the new rubbish of process.When the precipitation in sedimentation basin 6 is collected a certain amount of, collect and carry out landfill disposal; When the gleanings in the first collection container 4 and the second collection container 5 reaches a certain amount of, be transported to sorting Treatment stations and focus on.
Embodiment 2
Open disintegrating machine 2, house refuse is poured into hopper 1 after crusher in crushing, fall into separate tank 3, after the whole fragmentation of rubbish, other material adhering to floating thing surface is made to enter in water to separate tank surface sprinkling clear water, start floating thing collector 12, floating thing is collected, sprays clear water to the floating thing collected and other material on floating thing is cleaned, the floating thing after cleaning is loaded in the first collection container 4; Start conveyer 5, the sediment bottom separate tank is delivered to screen-dividing machine, start screen-dividing machine 13, carry out washing sub-sieve, upper part will be sieved and collect in loading collection container, and open leakage fluid dram 10, the liquid part in separate tank is put into methane-generating pit 7; After sediment bottom pond has been carried, close conveyer and screen-dividing machine, restart the second collection and process new rubbish.When the precipitation in sedimentation basin 6 is collected a certain amount of, collect and carry out landfill disposal; When the gleanings in the first collection container 4 and the second collection container 5 reaches a certain amount of, be transported to sorting Treatment stations and focus on.