CN103747508A - Time-frequency-space scheduling-based wireless communication base station terminal energy-saving method - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明提供一种基于时频空调度的无线通信基站端节能方法，首先根据系统的平均吞吐量，在天线个数的临界点切换，进行空域节能；在选定天线个数后，根据系统的平均吞吐量，在各个带宽的容量临界点上进行切换；确定采用的带宽大小，进行频域节能；在选定天线个数和带宽大小后，根据系统当前的业务负载，结合非连续发射DTX方法进行时段性发送数据，进行时域节能。时频空按照优先顺序对系统进行调度，使得系统在低负载以及高负载（包括满负载）的情况下均能获得节能效果。

The present invention provides a wireless communication base station energy-saving method based on time-frequency air-conditioning. Firstly, according to the average throughput of the system, switch at the critical point of the number of antennas to perform airspace energy-saving; after selecting the number of antennas, according to the system's Average throughput, switch at the capacity critical point of each bandwidth; determine the bandwidth used to save energy in the frequency domain; after selecting the number of antennas and bandwidth size, according to the current business load of the system, combined with the discontinuous transmission DTX method Send data periodically to save energy in the time domain. Time-frequency-space schedules the system according to the order of priority, so that the system can obtain energy saving effects under low load and high load (including full load).

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种基于时频空调度的无线通信基站端节能方法A wireless communication base station end energy saving method based on time-frequency air conditioning

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及无线通信基站端的节能方法，具体涉及一种基于时频空调度的无线通信基站端节能方法。The invention relates to an energy-saving method for a wireless communication base station, in particular to an energy-saving method for a wireless communication base station based on time-frequency air conditioning.

背景技术Background technique

随着通信行业的不断发展，目前通信行业已消耗全球总能源的3%至4%，在现有的能源的使用模式下该比例仍在以惊人的速度增长。研究表明，2015年欧洲运营商的耗电量将达到500亿度，因此在满足不断发展的无线通信业务的基础上，提高基站设备能效，降低基站的建设和维护成本，是绿色通信的重中之重。With the continuous development of the communication industry, the communication industry has already consumed 3% to 4% of the world's total energy, and this proportion is still growing at an alarming rate under the existing energy usage mode. Studies have shown that the power consumption of European operators will reach 50 billion kWh in 2015. Therefore, on the basis of meeting the needs of continuously developing wireless communication services, improving the energy efficiency of base station equipment and reducing the construction and maintenance costs of base stations are the top priority of green communication. heavy.

蜂窝小区的业务具有时空转移的特点，以城市为例，白天办公区域的业务量较大，而住宅区的业务量较小；而到晚上此现象恰好颠倒，这就是所谓的“潮汐现象”。一天中的网络负载大约有一半的时间处于低负载运行状况，但是为了满足高峰时期的用户数据率，现有的通信系统都是按满负载量来设计配置，从用户来说，这样做可以保证用户体验质量，但是当业务量较少时，小区基站仍按满负载运行显然降低了低负载时系统的网络能效，这就导致低负载时造成资源和能量的浪费。The business of a cell has the characteristics of time-space transfer. Taking a city as an example, the business volume in the office area is relatively large during the day, while that in the residential area is small; at night, this phenomenon is just reversed, which is the so-called "tide phenomenon". About half of the network load in a day is in a low-load operation state, but in order to meet the user data rate during the peak period, the existing communication system is designed and configured according to the full load. From the user's point of view, this can ensure User experience quality, but when the traffic volume is small, the base station of the cell is still running at full load, which obviously reduces the network energy efficiency of the system at low load, which leads to waste of resources and energy at low load.

现有技术的绿色通信系统的节能技术主要包括单独采用的时域或频域节能以及时域结合频域的节能技术，其中：The energy-saving technologies of the green communication system in the prior art mainly include time-domain or frequency-domain energy-saving technologies adopted alone and energy-saving technologies combining time domain and frequency domain, among which:

基于时域的绿色通信系统的节能技术，是通过负载的轻重才决定基站在时域上的关闭以及开启方案，网络出于高负载时，基站肯定也是满负载工作，对应时域就是基站PA连续不同的发送。在网络负载低时候，大部分数据信道均处于空闲状态，此时我们将业务分时段发送，即不连续发送，不发送业务信息时，即将PA关断。The energy-saving technology of the green communication system based on the time domain determines the closing and opening scheme of the base station in the time domain by the weight of the load. When the network is under high load, the base station must also work at full load. The corresponding time domain is the base station PA continuous Send differently. When the network load is low, most of the data channels are idle. At this time, we will send the business in different periods, that is, discontinuously. When no business information is sent, the PA will be turned off.

基于频域的绿色通信系统的节能技术包括带宽自适应和容量自适应方法，是基于功放的静态功耗和系统带宽呈线性关系原理（较小的带宽需要更少的辐射功率），在不同业务条件下自适应的调节带宽。带宽自适应指基于业务负载大小来调整系统带宽，主要是利用功率放大器的不同的工作点来调整其功率，在负载低需要的频域资源块较少时，使用更低的供给电压，同时较小的带宽需要较小的参考信号配置，因此可以达到减小能耗的目的。容量自适应方法不需要改变系统的最大使用带宽和参考信号数目，而是在低负载时只配置部分子载波工作，限制可调度的RB（Resource Block，资源块）的数目，从而准许降低PA的供给电压，达到节能的目的。The energy-saving technology of the green communication system based on the frequency domain includes bandwidth adaptive and capacity adaptive methods, which are based on the principle of a linear relationship between the static power consumption of the power amplifier and the system bandwidth (smaller bandwidth requires less radiated power). Adaptively adjust the bandwidth under the condition. Bandwidth self-adaptation refers to the adjustment of the system bandwidth based on the size of the business load. It mainly uses different operating points of the power amplifier to adjust its power. A small bandwidth requires a small reference signal configuration, so the purpose of reducing energy consumption can be achieved. The capacity adaptive method does not need to change the maximum used bandwidth and the number of reference signals of the system, but only configures some subcarriers to work under low load, and limits the number of schedulable RB (Resource Block, resource block), thereby allowing to reduce the PA Supply voltage to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

如图1所示，在负载为零时，不采用节能技术时基站消耗的能量约为890W，而采用了Micro DTX方法（时域节能技术）后基站消耗的功率约为740W，减少了17%的能量消耗；而随着负载的增大，MicroDTX方法带来的节能效果不断的降低，特别在满负载的情况下，MicroDTX将不能带来任何的节能效果；在系统负载为零时候采用带宽自适应方法能够节省约50%的能量消耗，系统的能效较之于时域节能技术更优，但是当系统负载超过了5M带宽的门限容量以后，带宽自适应方法失效。As shown in Figure 1, when the load is zero, the energy consumed by the base station without energy-saving technology is about 890W, and the power consumed by the base station after using the Micro DTX method (time-domain energy-saving technology) is about 740W, a reduction of 17%. energy consumption; and as the load increases, the energy-saving effect of the MicroDTX method continues to decrease, especially in the case of full load, MicroDTX will not bring any energy-saving effect; when the system load is zero, the bandwidth automatic The adaptive method can save about 50% of energy consumption, and the energy efficiency of the system is better than that of the time-domain energy-saving technology. However, when the system load exceeds the threshold capacity of 5M bandwidth, the bandwidth adaptive method fails.

时域结合频域的节能技术在低负载情况下进一步优化了节能效果，在一定程度上推进了绿色通信，但同单独的时域或者频域节能技术一样，在高负载（包括满负载）情况下仍存在节能失效的缺陷，达不到绿色通信要求的节能效果。The time-domain combined frequency-domain energy-saving technology further optimizes the energy-saving effect under low-load conditions, and promotes green communication to a certain extent. However, there is still the defect of energy-saving failure, and the energy-saving effect required by green communication cannot be achieved.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明提供一种基于时频空调度的无线通信基站端节能方法，从绿色通信的角度，通过改变时、频、空资源的分配从而影响功率域的资源分配效率，在满足用户性能需求的前提下，提出了一种天线选择、带宽自适应以及时间关断相结合的节能技术，在各个负载率的状态下使系统的能效达到最优。In view of this, the present invention provides a wireless communication base station energy-saving method based on time-frequency air-conditioning. From the perspective of green communication, by changing the allocation of time, frequency, and space resources to affect the resource allocation efficiency of the power domain, it can meet the needs of users. Under the premise of performance requirements, an energy-saving technology combining antenna selection, bandwidth self-adaptation and time-off is proposed to optimize the energy efficiency of the system under various load rates.

本发明采用的具体方案为：一种基于时频空调度的无线通信基站端节能方法，首先根据系统的平均吞吐量，在天线个数的临界点切换，进行空域节能；初始选择为单天线模式下的自适应节能方法；当所述单天线模式下的任何带宽模式都不能满足系统的当前业务要求时，自适应选择两条及以上天线模式下的自适应节能方法。The specific scheme adopted by the present invention is: a method for energy saving at the base station end of wireless communication based on time-frequency air conditioning. First, according to the average throughput of the system, switch at the critical point of the number of antennas to perform airspace energy saving; the initial selection is the single-antenna mode An adaptive energy-saving method under the single-antenna mode; when any bandwidth mode under the single-antenna mode cannot meet the current service requirements of the system, adaptively select an adaptive energy-saving method under two or more antenna modes.

在选定天线个数后，根据系统的平均吞吐量，在各个带宽的容量临界点上进行切换；确定采用的带宽大小，进行频域节能；初始选择为最小带宽模式下的自适应节能方法；当所述最小带宽模式不能满足系统的当前业务要求时，自适应选择系统的较大带宽模式下的自适应节能方法。After selecting the number of antennas, switch at the capacity critical point of each bandwidth according to the average throughput of the system; determine the size of the bandwidth used, and perform frequency-domain energy saving; the initial selection is an adaptive energy-saving method in the minimum bandwidth mode; When the minimum bandwidth mode cannot meet the current service requirements of the system, adaptively select the adaptive energy saving method in the larger bandwidth mode of the system.

在选定天线个数和带宽大小后，根据系统当前的业务负载，结合非连续发射DTX方法进行时段性发送数据，进行时域节能。After selecting the number of antennas and the size of the bandwidth, according to the current business load of the system, combined with the discontinuous transmission DTX method, the data is sent periodically to save energy in the time domain.

非连续发射DTX方法为在普通子帧、MBSFN子帧或扩展子帧中进行时段性发送数据。The discontinuous transmission DTX method is to periodically transmit data in a normal subframe, an MBSFN subframe or an extended subframe.

在选定天线个数和带宽大小后，根据系统当前的业务负载，在普通子帧中进行时段性发送数据的Micro DTX方法。After selecting the number of antennas and the size of the bandwidth, according to the current business load of the system, the Micro DTX method of periodically sending data in ordinary subframes is performed.

所述天线模式和带宽模式由所述系统的平均吞吐量确定。The antenna pattern and bandwidth pattern are determined by the average throughput of the system.

所述本发明产生的有益效果是：在优先确定天线个数的基础上，结合带宽自适应的空域和时间关断的时域节能方法，使得系统能效性能在低负载和高负载下都得到了优化，进一步推进了绿色通信。The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: on the basis of prioritizing the number of antennas, combined with the bandwidth-adaptive airspace and the time-domain energy-saving method of time-off, the energy efficiency performance of the system is improved under both low-load and high-load conditions. Optimized to further promote green communication.

附图说明Description of drawings

当结合附图考虑时，能够更完整更好地理解本发明。此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。The present invention may be more fully and better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention.

图1为采用时域、频域、时域结合频域节能方法的系统能效对比图；Figure 1 is a comparison diagram of system energy efficiency using time domain, frequency domain, and time domain combined with frequency domain energy saving methods;

图2-1为DTX技术的Micro DTX普通子帧的帧结构；Figure 2-1 shows the frame structure of the Micro DTX common subframe of DTX technology;

图2-2为DTX技术的MBSFN子帧的帧结构；Figure 2-2 shows the frame structure of the MBSFN subframe of the DTX technology;

图2-3为DTX技术的子帧0的帧结构；Figure 2-3 shows the frame structure ofsubframe 0 of DTX technology;

图2-4为DTX技术的子帧5的帧结构；Figure 2-4 shows the frame structure ofsubframe 5 of the DTX technology;

图3为不同天线个数下的节能方法的系统能效图；Fig. 3 is a system energy efficiency diagram of energy-saving methods under different numbers of antennas;

图4为采用天线选择结合带宽自适应方案的能效图；Fig. 4 is an energy efficiency diagram using an antenna selection combined with a bandwidth adaptive scheme;

图5为采用天线选择结合带宽自适应同时结合Micro DTX技术方案的能效图。Figure 5 is an energy efficiency diagram of a solution using antenna selection combined with bandwidth self-adaptation and combined with Micro DTX technology.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图及实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的说明。The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

其中表1为验证的仿真参数，表2给出了采用表1仿真参数时不同带宽和天线满负载情况下的系统的平均吞吐量，以此为作为带宽切换的门限，自适应过程在各带宽和天线个数的容量临界点上进行切换。Among them, Table 1 is the simulation parameters for verification, and Table 2 shows the average throughput of the system under different bandwidths and antenna full load conditions when using the simulation parameters in Table 1, which is used as the threshold for bandwidth switching. The adaptive process is in each bandwidth Switching is performed at the capacity critical point of the number of antennas and the number of antennas.

首先根据当前的业务负载（平均吞吐量）确定采用天线的个数与带宽，自适应过程在各带宽和天线个数的容量临界点上进行切换。低业务量时，采用1.4MHz带宽，单天线工作模式；当系统平均吞吐量值超过2.6Mbps时，采用3MHz带宽，以此类推。当系统平均吞吐量超过20.7Mbps时，采用双天线模式，并在此基础上根据系统的平均吞吐量选择相应的带宽。First, the number and bandwidth of antennas are determined according to the current business load (average throughput), and the adaptive process switches at the capacity critical point of each bandwidth and number of antennas. When the traffic is low, use 1.4MHz bandwidth and single-antenna working mode; when the average system throughput value exceeds 2.6Mbps, use 3MHz bandwidth, and so on. When the average throughput of the system exceeds 20.7Mbps, the dual-antenna mode is adopted, and on this basis, the corresponding bandwidth is selected according to the average throughput of the system.

表1仿真参数Table 1 Simulation parameters

表2不同带宽满负载情况下的系统平均吞吐量Table 2 Average system throughput under different bandwidth full load conditions

在综合天线选择和带宽自适应方案的基础上，然后再使用非连续发射DTX技术，其中非连续发射（DTX）方法主要有三种方法，即普通子帧、MBSFN子帧和扩展子帧，各子帧帧结构具体为：On the basis of comprehensive antenna selection and bandwidth adaptive schemes, discontinuous transmission DTX technology is then used. Among them, there are three main methods of discontinuous transmission (DTX), namely, ordinary subframes, MBSFN subframes and extended subframes. Each subframe The frame structure is specifically:

图2-1为普通子帧的帧结构，普通子帧需要在第0、4、7、11个OFDM符号上传输小区参考信号CRS；Figure 2-1 shows the frame structure of a common subframe. A common subframe needs to transmit the cell reference signal CRS on the 0, 4, 7, and 11 OFDM symbols;

图2-2为MBSFN子帧的帧结构，MBSFN子帧只需在一个OFDM符号上传输小区参考信号CRS；Figure 2-2 shows the frame structure of the MBSFN subframe. The MBSFN subframe only needs to transmit the cell reference signal CRS on one OFDM symbol;

图2-3为子帧0的帧结构，子帧0需要传输小区参考信号CRS、同步信号和BCH广播信道信号(Broadcast Channel)，根据传输目的的不同，这些信号将占用最多9个OFDM正交频分复用(OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplexing)符号；Figure 2-3 shows the frame structure ofsubframe 0.Subframe 0 needs to transmit cell reference signal CRS, synchronization signal and BCH broadcast channel signal (Broadcast Channel). According to different transmission purposes, these signals will occupy up to 9 OFDM orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbol;

图2-4为子帧5的帧结构，子帧5需要传输小区参考信号CRS、和同步信号，根据传输目的的不同，这些信号将占用最多2个OFDM符号。Figure 2-4 shows the frame structure ofsubframe 5.Subframe 5 needs to transmit cell reference signal CRS and synchronization signal. According to different transmission purposes, these signals will occupy up to 2 OFDM symbols.

作为一种较佳实施例，采用图2-1所示的普通子帧中进行时段性发送数据的Micro DTX方法。As a preferred embodiment, the Micro DTX method of periodically sending data in the common subframe shown in Figure 2-1 is adopted.

仿真数据对节能效果的验证如下：The verification of the energy-saving effect by the simulation data is as follows:

首先是不同天线个数下（空域）的系统的能效性能：图3所示，天线数越少的情况下，系统的能效明显越高，但系统的容量门限也越小；而且从图中可以看到，在系统吞吐量相同的前提下系统的能耗和天线的个数近似呈线性关系，也就是说假设单纯进行天线自适应选择时，则按照不同的天线个数下所能提供的系统最大平均容量为切换门限，这样可以在保证不影响用户速率的同时保证系统获得最佳的能量效率。The first is the energy efficiency performance of the system (airspace) with different antenna numbers: as shown in Figure 3, when the number of antennas is smaller, the energy efficiency of the system is obviously higher, but the capacity threshold of the system is also smaller; and from the figure It can be seen that under the premise of the same system throughput, the energy consumption of the system and the number of antennas are approximately linear. The maximum average capacity is the switching threshold, so that the system can obtain the best energy efficiency while ensuring that the user rate is not affected.

图4为将随机天线选择和带宽自适应以及Micro DTX相结合的节能方法，将带宽和天线个数进行综合考虑得到的仿真结果：可以看到天线个数对系统的能耗具有最显著的影响，如果能够用单天线来满足系统的业务要求，那么就尽可能的使用单天线方式，如果单天线的情况下的任何带宽模式都不能满足业务要求，再考虑采用多天线的方式来满足业务要求。图4的结果显示，采用天线选择结合带宽自适应的方式，在负载为零时，最多可减少约70%的能量损耗，效果十分的显著；但当系统的负载超过了1x1天线10M带宽模式下的系统容量上限后，该方法的性能急速恶化，这是由于带宽自适应和天线选择都只有几个固定的值可选，颗粒度多大，所以性能呈现阶跃式的增长。Figure 4 shows the energy-saving method combining random antenna selection, bandwidth self-adaptation and Micro DTX, and the simulation results obtained by comprehensively considering the bandwidth and the number of antennas: it can be seen that the number of antennas has the most significant impact on the energy consumption of the system , if you can use a single antenna to meet the business requirements of the system, then use the single antenna method as much as possible. If any bandwidth mode in the case of a single antenna cannot meet the business requirements, then consider using a multi-antenna method to meet the business requirements. . The results in Figure 4 show that using the method of antenna selection combined with bandwidth self-adaptation can reduce the energy loss by up to 70% when the load is zero, and the effect is very significant; but when the system load exceeds the 1x1 antenna 10M bandwidth mode After the upper limit of the system capacity, the performance of this method deteriorates rapidly. This is because both bandwidth adaptation and antenna selection have only a few fixed values to choose from, and the performance shows a stepwise increase.

作为更优的设计，在上述综合天线选择和带宽自适应方案的基础上，将Micro DTX方法也结合起来，首先根据当前的业务负载，确定采用天线的个数与带宽大小以后，然后再使用Micro DTX方法，得到了如图5所示的仿真结果。可以看到结合时间关断技术后，系统能效性能在低负载下进一步得到了提升，在高负载下也能够有效，从节省系统能耗的角度而言，最大可能地在全程作出了贡献。As a better design, on the basis of the above comprehensive antenna selection and bandwidth adaptive scheme, the Micro DTX method is also combined. First, the number of antennas and the bandwidth size are determined according to the current business load, and then the Micro DTX method is used. DTX method, the simulation results shown in Figure 5 are obtained. It can be seen that combined with the time-off technology, the energy efficiency of the system has been further improved under low load, and it can also be effective under high load. From the perspective of saving system energy consumption, it has made the greatest contribution in the whole process.

如上所述，对本发明的实施例进行了详细地说明，显然，只要实质上没有脱离本发明点的发明点及效果、对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的变形，也均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。As mentioned above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. Obviously, as long as they do not substantially deviate from the invention points and effects of the present invention, and are obvious to those skilled in the art, they are also included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (6)

1. the radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree, is characterized in that, first according to the average throughput of system, in the critical point of antenna number, switches, and carries out spatial domain energy-conservation; Initial selected is the self-adapting energy-saving method thereof under single antenna pattern; When the current business that all can not meet system when any bandwidth mode under described single antenna pattern requires, the self-adapting energy-saving method thereof under adaptively selected two and above antenna mode.

2. a kind of radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after selected antenna number, according to the average throughput of system, in the capacity critical point of each bandwidth, switches; Determine the amount of bandwidth adopting, carry out frequency domain energy-conservation; Initial selected is the self-adapting energy-saving method thereof under minimum bandwidth pattern; When described minimum bandwidth pattern can not meet the current business requirement of system, the self-adapting energy-saving method thereof under the larger bandwidth mode of adaptively selected system.

3. a kind of radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, after selected antenna number and amount of bandwidth, the business load current according to system, in conjunction with discontinuous transmitting DTX method, carry out period transmission data, carry out time domain energy-conservation.

4. a kind of radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree according to claim 3, is characterized in that, discontinuous transmitting DTX method for carrying out period transmission data in common subframe, MBSFN subframe or expansion sub-frame.

5. a kind of radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, after selected antenna number and amount of bandwidth, the business load current according to system carries out the Micro DTX method of period transmission data in common subframe.

6. a kind of radio communication base station end power-economizing method based on time-frequency air-conditioning degree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described antenna mode and bandwidth mode are determined by the average throughput of described system.

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