技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种煤矿综采（放）工作面瓦斯治理的方法，尤其涉及一种综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法。The invention relates to a method for controlling gas in a fully mechanized mining (caking) working face of a coal mine, in particular to a method for comprehensively controlling gas exceeding limit in the upper corner of the working face.
背景技术Background technique
煤矿综采（放）工作面的回风隅角是采空区风流的漏风汇集地，极易形成瓦斯积聚超限。回风隅角瓦斯积聚的主要原因有：The return air corner of the fully mechanized mining (degassing) working face of the coal mine is the gathering place of the air leakage in the goaf, and it is very easy to cause gas accumulation to exceed the limit. The main causes of gas accumulation in the return air corner are:
回风隅角的特殊结构导致该处易形成涡流区，其中的瓦斯难以被风流带走导致瓦斯积聚；采空区瓦斯是回风隅角瓦斯积聚的主要瓦斯源，采空区瓦斯涌出极易造成瓦斯积聚，因此采空区瓦斯涌出的原因往往也是导致回风隅角瓦斯积聚的原因，这方面的原因主要有：采空区漏风、大气压变化、采空区大面积悬顶突然垮落。The special structure of the return air corner makes it easy to form a vortex area, and the gas in it is difficult to be carried away by the wind flow, resulting in gas accumulation; the gas in the goaf is the main source of gas accumulation in the return air corner, and the gas gushing out of the gob is extremely It is easy to cause gas accumulation, so the gas gushing out of the goaf is often the cause of the gas accumulation in the corner of the return air. The main reasons for this are: air leakage in the goaf, changes in atmospheric pressure, and sudden collapse of large-scale suspended roofs in the goaf fall.
针对上隅角瓦斯超限，国内外也提出了一些治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的主要措施，但是这些措施都不系统，很多工作面上隅角瓦斯超限现象依然严重。Aiming at the upper corner gas overrun, some main measures have been proposed at home and abroad to control the upper corner gas overrun, but these measures are not systematic, and the gas overrun phenomenon in the upper corner of many working faces is still serious.
现有技术一：Prior art one:
公开号为CN102518464A名称为一种煤矿回采工作面上隅角瓦斯抽放方法的中国专利公开了一种煤矿回采工作面上隅角瓦斯抽放方法,包括以下步骤：A、预先确定最佳抽采范围和钻场间距；B、按照所述的钻场间距,设置钻场；C、从每个钻场顶部向采空区方向倾斜向上钻一主钻孔,该主钻孔从冒落带到达裂隙带；D、在裂隙带,从每个主钻孔向采空区方向倾斜向上钻多个分支钻孔,每个主钻孔的多个分支钻孔呈扇面状排布于所述最佳抽采范围内；E、将各个分支钻孔与用于抽放瓦斯的抽放管路相连接。应用本发明方法,当采煤工作面推进到孔底位置时,由于煤层顶板的自动冒落,本煤层瓦斯向上移动,邻近煤层受到采动影响而卸压,卸压瓦斯向开采层移动,由于钻孔抽放负压的影响,改变了瓦斯移动方向,使瓦斯被抽放进入抽放管路,从而减小了向上隅角涌出的瓦斯量。The Chinese patent with the publication number CN102518464A titled a method for gas drainage from the upper corner of the coal mine mining face discloses a method for draining gas from the upper corner of the coal mine mining face, which includes the following steps: A. Predetermine the optimal drainage Range and drilling site spacing; B. According to the drilling site spacing, set up the drilling site; C. Drill a main borehole from the top of each drilling site to the direction of the goaf, and the main borehole reaches from the caving zone Cracked zone; D. In the cracked zone, a plurality of branch boreholes are drilled obliquely upward from each main borehole to the goaf direction, and the multiple branch boreholes of each main borehole are arranged in a fan-like manner on the optimal Within the range of drainage; E. Connect each branch borehole with the drainage pipeline for gas drainage. By applying the method of the present invention, when the coal mining face advances to the bottom of the hole, due to the automatic fall of the roof of the coal seam, the gas in the coal seam moves upward, and the adjacent coal seam is affected by the mining operation and the pressure is relieved, and the pressure relief gas moves to the mining layer. The influence of the negative pressure of the borehole drainage changes the moving direction of the gas, so that the gas is drained into the drainage pipeline, thereby reducing the amount of gas gushing from the upper corner.
上述现有技术一至少存在以下缺点：Above-mentioned prior art one has following shortcoming at least:
单纯的通过这种手段，抽采效果不佳，主要表现为钻孔流量小、瓦斯浓度低。Simply by this method, the drainage effect is not good, mainly manifested in the small borehole flow rate and low gas concentration.
现有技术二：Prior art two:
公开号为CN102562088A、名称为一种预防采煤工作面上隅角瓦斯积聚的中国专利，在原“U”型回采巷道的基础上,增加一条工艺巷,工艺巷置于煤层顶部且靠近回风巷内侧,与回风巷、进风巷平行,进风巷通过工作面分别与回风巷、工艺巷连通,构成两条“U”型通风道；工艺巷内既有全负压通风,同时也设置局部通风机通风。在工艺巷内还布置有钻场,抽采瓦斯、向煤层注水或注阻化液。本发明在原有“U”型回采巷道的基础上,增设一条工艺巷,构成双“U”型通风回路,将原回风巷的回风分流,避免回风区上隅角瓦斯的积聚；还可以在工艺巷内布置钻场,抽采本煤层、邻近层和采空区瓦斯,或向煤层注水或注阻化液,达到降尘与防火的目的,与生产互不干扰。The publication number is CN102562088A, and the name is a Chinese patent for preventing gas accumulation in the corner of the coal mining face. On the basis of the original "U" type recovery roadway, a process roadway is added. The process roadway is placed on the top of the coal seam and close to the return airway The inner side is parallel to the air return lane and the air inlet lane. The air inlet lane is respectively connected to the air return lane and the process lane through the working surface, forming two "U"-shaped air ducts; the process lane has both full negative pressure ventilation and Set up local ventilator for ventilation. There is also a drilling field arranged in the process roadway to extract gas, inject water into the coal seam or inject resistance chemical liquid. On the basis of the original "U"-shaped recovery roadway, the present invention adds a process roadway to form a double "U"-shaped ventilation circuit, diverts the return air of the original return air roadway, and avoids the accumulation of gas in the upper corner of the return air area; Drilling sites can be arranged in the process roadway to extract gas from the coal seam, adjacent seams and goafs, or inject water or inhibitory fluid into the coal seam to achieve the purpose of dust reduction and fire prevention without interfering with production.
上述现有技术二至少存在以下缺点：There are at least the following disadvantages in the above-mentioned prior art two:
采用通风方式治理回采工作面的瓦斯超限虽有一定效果，但只能对目标区域的瓦斯进行稀释，对引起回风隅角瓦斯超限的采空区瓦斯源的影响不明显，且当工作面瓦斯涌出量较大时该方式起到的作用有限。Although the use of ventilation to control the gas exceeding the limit in the mining face has a certain effect, it can only dilute the gas in the target area, and the impact on the gas source in the goaf that causes the gas exceeding the limit in the corner of the return air is not obvious. This method has a limited effect when the amount of surface gas gushing out is large.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能综合治理由采空区瓦斯正常和突然涌出引起的工作面通风系统瓦斯超限的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for comprehensively controlling gas overrun in the upper corner of the working face caused by normal and sudden gas gushing out of the goaf.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法，包括以下手段：The method of the present invention for comprehensively controlling gas overrun at the upper corner of the working face includes the following means:
对采空区瓦斯进行分源协同抽采；Coordinated drainage of gas in the goaf by separate sources;
对采空区瓦斯的正常涌出进行采空区漏风控制和回风隅角瓦斯稀释；Control the air leakage in the goaf and dilute the gas in the corner of the return air for the normal gushing of gas in the goaf;
对采空区瓦斯的突然涌出进行强制放顶。Compulsory caving for sudden gas gushing in the goaf.
由上述本发明提供的技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例提供的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法，由于包括对采空区进行瓦斯抽采、对采空区瓦斯的正常涌出进行采空区漏风控制和回风隅角瓦斯稀释、对采空区瓦斯的突然涌出进行强制放顶等手段，能综合治理由采空区瓦斯正常和突然涌出引起的工作面通风系统瓦斯超限，保障矿井的安全、高效生产。It can be seen from the above-mentioned technical solutions provided by the present invention that the method for comprehensively controlling gas exceeding the upper limit of the upper corner of the working face provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes gas drainage in the goaf, and normal gas inflow in the goaf. Air leakage control in the goaf, dilution of gas at the corner of the return air, forced caving of the sudden gas gushing out of the goaf, etc., can comprehensively control the ventilation system of the working face caused by the normal and sudden gushing of gas in the gob The gas exceeds the limit to ensure the safe and efficient production of the mine.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例提供的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法的原理示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the method for comprehensively controlling gas overrun in the upper corner of the working face provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将对本发明实施例作进一步地详细描述。The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below.
本发明的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法，其较佳的具体实施方式是：The preferred embodiment of the method for comprehensively controlling gas overrun in the upper corner of the working face of the present invention is as follows:
包括以下手段：Including the following means:
对采空区瓦斯进行分源协同抽采；Coordinated drainage of gas in the goaf by separate sources;
对采空区瓦斯的正常涌出进行采空区漏风控制和回风隅角瓦斯稀释；Control the air leakage in the goaf and dilute the gas in the corner of the return air for the normal gushing of gas in the goaf;
对采空区瓦斯的突然涌出进行强制放顶。Compulsory caving for sudden gas gushing in the goaf.
所述对采空区进行瓦斯抽采的手段包括分源协同采空区瓦斯抽采方法，具体包括：The method of gas drainage in the goaf includes the method of separate source cooperative gas drainage in the goaf, specifically including:
在工作面回风巷布置斜交钻孔抽采散热带内瓦斯，钻孔终孔于冒落拱下部；Arrange oblique boreholes in the air return lane of the working face to extract gas in the heat dissipation zone, and the final boreholes are located at the lower part of the caving arch;
在专用回风尾巷布置正交钻孔抽采窒息带内瓦斯，钻孔终孔于冒落拱上部。Orthogonal boreholes are arranged in the special return air tail alley to extract gas in the suffocation zone, and the boreholes end at the upper part of the caving arch.
所述对采空区进行瓦斯抽采的手段还包括联络巷埋管抽采和回风隅角插管抽采。The method of gas drainage in the goaf also includes drainage of buried pipes in connecting roadways and gas drainage in return air corners.
所述对采空区瓦斯的正常涌出进行采空区漏风控制和回风隅角瓦斯稀释的手段包括采用气动风机吹散和稀释回风隅角瓦斯积聚的方法，消除回风隅角的瓦斯积聚。The means of controlling the air leakage in the goaf and diluting the gas in the return corner for the normal gushing of gas in the goaf include the method of blowing and diluting the gas accumulation in the return corner by using a pneumatic fan to eliminate the gas in the return corner build up.
申请人通过综合分析工作面瓦斯涌出规律发现，采空区瓦斯是回风隅角瓦斯超限的主要瓦斯源。采空区瓦斯涌出方式有两种：正常涌出和突然涌出。前者主要由采空区向回风巷漏风以及回风隅角处特殊的流场特性引起，是导致回风隅角以及工作面靠近回风巷范围内瓦斯超限的主要原因，后者由采空区大面积悬顶垮落引起的，有可能引起工作面大范围瓦斯超限。此外，大面积顶板来压还有可能破坏采煤机械、引起冲击地压的事故。针对该特点，本发明建立了一套技术体系，来综合治理由采空区瓦斯正常和突然涌出引起的工作面通风系统瓦斯超限，保障矿井的安全、高效生产。Through a comprehensive analysis of the gas emission law of the working face, the applicant found that the gas in the goaf is the main source of gas exceeding the limit in the corner of the return wind. There are two ways of gas gushing out in the goaf: normal gushing and sudden gushing. The former is mainly caused by the air leakage from the goaf to the return airway and the special flow field characteristics at the return air corner, which is the main reason for the gas exceeding the limit in the return air corner and the working face close to the return airway. Caused by large-scale suspended roof caving in the empty area, it may cause large-scale gas exceeding the limit in the working face. In addition, large-area roof pressure may damage coal mining machinery and cause rock burst accidents. Aiming at this feature, the present invention establishes a set of technical systems to comprehensively control the gas overrun in the ventilation system of the working face caused by the normal and sudden gushing of gas in the goaf, so as to ensure the safe and efficient production of the mine.
具体实施例：Specific examples:
如图1所示，针对工作面采空区瓦斯涌出特点，提出建立以采空区瓦斯抽采技术为核心，辅以采空区漏风控制、回风隅角瓦斯稀释和强制放顶的采空区瓦斯涌出综合治理技术体系，概括起来即为“抽采—控漏—稀释—放顶”：“抽采”即采空区瓦斯抽采，是整个技术体系的核心；“控漏”即采空区漏风控制；“稀释”即回风隅角瓦斯稀释；“放顶”即强制放顶。As shown in Figure 1, in view of the characteristics of gas gushing in the goaf of the working face, it is proposed to establish a gas extraction technology centered on the goaf gas drainage technology, supplemented by air leakage control in the goaf, gas dilution in the return air corner, and forced roof caving. The comprehensive control technology system for gas gushing out of goafs can be summed up as "drainage-leakage control-dilution-caving": "drainage" refers to gas drainage in goafs, which is the core of the entire technical system; "leakage control" That is, air leakage control in the goaf; "dilution" means gas dilution at the return air corner; "roofing" means forced roofing.
具体的手段有：The specific means are:
1）分源协同采空区瓦斯抽采技术：1) Cooperative goaf gas drainage technology with separate sources:
所谓分源协同抽采是在工作面回风巷布置斜交钻孔抽采散热带内瓦斯，为提升对采空区瓦斯的拦截效果，将钻孔终孔于冒落拱下部；在专用回风尾巷布置正交钻孔抽采窒息带内瓦斯，钻孔终孔于冒落拱上部。同时，为了达到较好的抽采效果，辅以联络航埋管以及采空区插管的抽采手段，该方法不但能够有效治理上隅角瓦斯，还能够防止采空区自燃发火，实现了煤与瓦斯共治的目的。The so-called split-source coordinated drainage is to arrange oblique boreholes in the return airway of the working face to extract the gas in the heat dissipation zone. Orthogonal boreholes are arranged in Fengwei Alley to extract inner gas in the suffocation zone, and the boreholes end at the upper part of the caving arch. At the same time, in order to achieve a better drainage effect, supplemented by the drainage method of connecting the aerial buried pipe and the goaf intubation, this method can not only effectively control the gas in the upper corner, but also prevent the spontaneous combustion of the goaf, and realize the The purpose of co-governance of coal and gas.
2）上隅角瓦斯综合治理正常涌出瓦斯和突然涌出瓦斯共治2) Comprehensive management of gas in the upper corner joint control of normal gas gushing and sudden gas gushing
实现了正常涌出瓦斯和突然涌出瓦斯共治的目的；通过“抽采”即采空区瓦斯抽采，“控漏”即采空区漏风控制，“稀释”即回风隅角瓦斯稀释，对正常涌出瓦斯进行了治理；通过“放顶”即强制放顶，对突然涌出瓦斯进行了治理。Realized the goal of co-administration of normal gas gushing and sudden gas gushing; through "drainage" means gas drainage in gobs, "leakage control" means air leakage control in gobs, and "dilution" means gas dilution in return air corners , the normal gush of gas has been controlled; the sudden gush of gas has been controlled by "casing down", that is, forced roofing.
本发明的综合治理工作面上隅角瓦斯超限的方法，有效地防止了采空区的瓦斯向工作面涌出，降低了工作面风流中的瓦斯浓度，保障了安全生产，提高了煤炭产量，具有明显的经济效益。The method of the present invention for comprehensively controlling the overrun of gas at the corner corner of the working face effectively prevents the gas in the goaf from gushing to the working face, reduces the gas concentration in the wind flow of the working face, ensures safe production, and increases coal production , has obvious economic benefits.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily conceive of changes or changes within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310741205.0ACN103670499B (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2013-12-27 | The method of comprehensive control face upper corner angle gas exceeding limit |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310741205.0ACN103670499B (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2013-12-27 | The method of comprehensive control face upper corner angle gas exceeding limit |
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| CN103670499Btrue CN103670499B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201310741205.0AExpired - Fee RelatedCN103670499B (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2013-12-27 | The method of comprehensive control face upper corner angle gas exceeding limit |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | Granted publication date:20160622 Termination date:20161227 |