Content of the invention
Provide a kind of variator, it has input link, output link, four planetary gearsets, multiple coupling membersWith multiple torque transmitters.Each planetary gearsets in planetary gearsets include first, second, and third component.Moment of torsion passesDelivery device is, for example, clutch and brake.Clutch is friction clutch, dog-clutch, one-way clutch etc..
In a first aspect of the present invention, the ring gear of output link and first planet gear train and third planet gearThe frame member of group is continuously interconnected.
In a still further aspect thereof, provide a kind of variator, it has the first interconnecting component, be used for making first planetThe frame member of gear train is continuously interconnected with the ring gear of the second planetary gearsets.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the second interconnecting component, be used for making first planetThe ring gear of gear train is continuously interconnected with the frame member of third planet gear train.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 3rd interconnecting component, be used for making the second planetThe frame member of gear train is continuously interconnected with the ring gear of third planet gear train.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 4th interconnecting component, be used for making third planetThe central gear of gear train is continuously interconnected with the ring gear of fourth planet gear train.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the first torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the central gear of first planet gear train is engaged with the central gear of fourth planet gear train.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the second torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the central gear of first planet gear train is engaged with the frame member of fourth planet gear train and input link.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 3rd torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the frame member of first planet gear train is engaged with the ring gear of fourth planet gear train.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 4th torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the central gear of fourth planet gear train is engaged with fixing component.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 5th torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the frame member of the second planetary gearsets is engaged with fixing component.
In still yet another aspect of the present, provide a kind of variator, it has the 6th torque transmitter, for selectivitySo that the central gear of the second planetary gearsets is engaged with fixing component.
In still yet another aspect of the present, these torque transmitters can be selected respectively in the way of at least three combinationProperty ground engage, to set up multiple forward gear speed ratios and at least one speed ratio that reverses gear between input link and output link.
Present invention additionally comprises below scheme：
1. a kind of variator, including：
Input link；
Output link；
First planet gear train, the second planetary gearsets, third planet gear train and fourth planet gear train, each of whichIt is respectively provided with first, second, and third component；
First interconnecting component, the second interconnecting component, the 3rd interconnecting component and the 4th interconnecting component, each of which makes these rowAt least one of the component of star gear train component is continuously interconnected with these planetary gearsets at least one other component；And
Six torque transmitters, it is each all selectively engageable, so that described first component, described second componentWith at least one of described 3rd component component and described first component, described second component, described 3rd component and fixationThe others component interconnection of at least one of component, and wherein, by least three moments of torsion in these torque transmittersSelectively engaging of transfer device, sets up multiple forward gear speed ratios and at least one at least one of speed ratio that reverses gear.
2. the variator according to scheme 1, wherein, described first interconnecting component makes described first planet gear trainSecond component is continuously interconnected with the first component of described second planetary gearsets, and described second interconnecting component makes described the first row3rd component of star gear train and the second component of described third planet gear train are continuously interconnected, and described 3rd interconnecting component makesThe second component of described second planetary gearsets is continuously interconnected with the first component of described third planet gear train, and described4th interconnecting component makes the 3rd component of described third planet gear train continue with the 3rd component of described fourth planet gear trainGround interconnection.
3. the variator according to scheme 1, wherein, the first moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the first structure of the first component of described first planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainPart interconnects.
4. the variator according to scheme 3, wherein, the second moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the second structure of the first component of described first planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainPart and the interconnection of described input link.
5. the variator according to scheme 4, wherein, the 3rd moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the 3rd structure of the second component of described first planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainPart interconnects.
6. the variator according to scheme 5, wherein, the 4th moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the first component of described fourth planet gear train and described fixing component interconnection.
7. the variator according to scheme 6, wherein, the 5th moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the second component of described second planetary gearsets and described fixing component interconnection.
8. the variator according to scheme 7, wherein, the 6th moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillsPut and be selectively engageable, so that the 3rd component of described second planetary gearsets and described fixing component interconnection.
9. the variator according to scheme 1, wherein, described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainIt is arranged between described first planet gear train and described second planetary gearsets.
10. the variator according to scheme 9, wherein, described first planet gear train is adjacent to described fourth planet gearGroup is arranged, and described second planetary gearsets are arranged adjacent to described third planet gear train.
11. variators according to scheme 1, wherein, the first component of described first planet gear, described second rowThe first component of the 3rd component, the 3rd component of described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gear train of star gear trainFor central gear, the second component of described first planet gear train, the second component of described second planetary gearsets, the described 3rdThe second component of the second component of planetary gearsets and described fourth planet gear train is frame member, and described first planet tooth3rd component of wheel group, the first component of described second planetary gearsets, the first component of described third planet gear train and instituteThe 3rd component stating fourth planet gear train is ring gear.
12. variators according to scheme 1, wherein, described output link and the second of described third planet gear trainComponent is continuously interconnected, and is continuously interconnected with the 3rd component of described first planet gear train.
13. variators according to scheme 1, wherein, three moment of torsion transmission in described six torque transmitters fillThree torque transmitters being set in brake, and described six torque transmitters are clutch.
14. variators according to scheme 1, wherein, described fixing component is case of transmission.
A kind of 15. variators, including：
Input link；
Output link；
First planet gear train, the second planetary gearsets, third planet gear train and fourth planet gear train, each of whichIt is respectively provided with first component, second component and the 3rd component, the second component of described output link and described third planet gear trainIt is continuously interconnected, and be continuously interconnected with the 3rd component of described first planet gear train；
First interconnecting component, it makes the of the second component of described first planet gear train and described second planetary gearsetsOne component is continuously interconnected；
Second interconnecting component, it makes the of the 3rd component of described first planet gear train and described third planet gear trainTwo components are continuously interconnected；
3rd interconnecting component, it makes the of the second component of described second planetary gearsets and described third planet gear trainOne component is continuously interconnected；
4th interconnecting component, it makes the of the 3rd component of described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainThree components are continuously interconnected；
First torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the first component of described first planet gear train withThe first component interconnection of described fourth planet gear train；
Second torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the first component of described first planet gear train withThe second component of described fourth planet gear train and the interconnection of described input link；
3rd torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the second component of described first planet gear train with3rd component interconnection of described fourth planet gear train；
4th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the first component of described fourth planet gear train withDescribed fixing component interconnection；
5th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the second component of described second planetary gearsets withDescribed fixing component interconnection；And
6th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the 3rd component of described second planetary gearsets withDescribed fixing component interconnection, and
Wherein, these torque transmitters can be selectively engaged respectively in the way of at least three combination, with instituteState and between input link and described output link, set up multiple forward gear speed ratios and at least one speed ratio that reverses gear.
16. variators according to scheme 15, wherein, the first component of described first planet gear, described second rowThe first component of the 3rd component, the 3rd component of described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gear train of star gear trainFor central gear, the second component of described first planet gear train, the second component of described second planetary gearsets, the described 3rdThe second component of the second component of planetary gearsets and described fourth planet gear train is frame member, and described first planet tooth3rd component of wheel group, the first component of described second planetary gearsets, the first component of described third planet gear train and instituteThe 3rd component stating fourth planet gear train is ring gear.
17. variators according to scheme 15, wherein, described fixing component is case of transmission.
18. variators according to scheme 15, wherein, described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gearGroup is arranged between described first planet gear train and described second planetary gearsets.
19. variators according to scheme 15, wherein, described first planet gear train is adjacent to described fourth planet toothWheel group is arranged, and described second planetary gearsets are arranged adjacent to described third planet gear train.
A kind of 20. variators, including：
Input link；
Output link；
First planet gear train, the second planetary gearsets, third planet gear train and fourth planet gear train, each of whichIt is respectively provided with central gear, frame member and ring gear, described output link is continued with the frame member of described third planet gear trainGround interconnection, and be continuously interconnected with the ring gear of described first planet gear train；
First interconnecting component, it makes the annular of the frame member of described first planet gear train and described second planetary gearsetsGear is continuously interconnected；
Second interconnecting component, it makes the frame of the ring gear of described first planet gear train and described third planet gear trainComponent is continuously interconnected；
3rd interconnecting component, it makes the annular of the frame member of described second planetary gearsets and described third planet gear trainGear is continuously interconnected；
4th interconnecting component, it makes the ring of the central gear of described third planet gear train and described fourth planet gear trainShape gear is continuously interconnected；
First torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the central gear of described first planet gear train withThe central gear interconnection of described fourth planet gear train；
Second torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the central gear of described first planet gear train withThe described frame member of described fourth planet gear train and the interconnection of described input link；
3rd torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable, so that the described frame member of described first planet gear trainRing gear interconnection with described fourth planet gear train；
4th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the central gear of described fourth planet gear train withDescribed fixing component interconnection；
5th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable, so that the frame member of described second planetary gearsets and instituteState fixing component interconnection；And
6th torque transmitter, it is selectively engageable so that the central gear of described second planetary gearsets withDescribed fixing component interconnection, and
Wherein, described torque transmitter can be selectively engaged respectively in the way of at least three combination, with instituteState and between input link and described output link, set up multiple forward gear speed ratios and at least one speed ratio that reverses gear.
The other feature of the present invention, aspect and advantage will become obvious with reference to the following description and accompanying drawing, identical in accompanying drawingReference refer to identical part, element or feature.
Specific embodiment
The following description is only substantially exemplary it is no intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
First it should be appreciated that, in the specific example being provided, 13 speed automatic transmissions of the present invention are fourThere is between the element of individual planetary gearsets the arrangement of permanent mechanical connection.For example, the second component of first planet gear trainOr element is permanently coupled to second component or the element of the second planetary gearsets.The third member of first planet gear train or unitPart is permanently coupled to second component or the element of third planet gear train, and is permanently coupled to output link.Second planetThe second component of gear train or element are permanently coupled to first component or the element of third planet gear train.Third planet gearThe third member of group or element are permanently coupled to third member or the element of fourth planet gear train.
With reference now to Fig. 1, it illustrates the embodiment of 13 shift transmissions 10 with lever diagram form.Lever diagram is to such asThe schematically showing of the part of the machinery of automatic transmission.Each single lever represents planetary gearsets, wherein, planetThe basic mechanical part of three of gear train is represented by node respectively.Therefore, single lever comprises three nodes：One is used for the sunGear, one be used for pinion frame and one and be used for ring gear.Relative length between the node of each lever can useIn the ratio (ring-to-sun ratio) with respect to central gear for the ring gear representing each respective gears group.These leversIt is used for changing the gear ratio of variator than then, to obtain suitable ratio and ratio level (ratio progression) again.Mechanical coupling between the node of each planetary gearsets or interconnection are by thin horizontal line diagram, and such as clutch and brakeTorque transmitter show as staggered finger piece.If device is brake, one group of finger piece ground connection.Can byEntitled " the The Lever Analogy that Benford and Leising writes：A New Tool in TransmissionMore explanations of the form, purpose and use about lever diagram, described document is found in the SAE Paper 810102 of Analysis "Here is incorporated by by reference.
Variator 10 includes：Input shaft or component 12；First planet gear train 14, it has three nodes：Primary nodal point14A, secondary nodal point 14B and the 3rd node 14C；Second planetary gearsets 16, it has three nodes：Primary nodal point 16A, secondNode 16B and the 3rd node 16C；Third planet gear train 18, it has three nodes：Primary nodal point 18A, secondary nodal point 18BWith the 3rd node 18C；Fourth planet gear train 20, it has three nodes：Primary nodal point 20A, secondary nodal point 20B and the 3rd sectionPoint 20C；With output shaft or component 22.
According to the present invention, the secondary nodal point 14B of first planet gear train 14 is coupled to the first of the second planetary gearsets 16Node 16A.3rd node 14C of first planet gear train 14 is coupled to secondary nodal point 18B the coupling of third planet gear train 18It is coupled to output shaft or component 22.The secondary nodal point 16B of the second planetary gearsets 16 is coupled to the first of third planet gear train 18Node 18A.3rd node 18C of third planet gear train 18 is coupled to the 3rd node 20C of fourth planet gear train 20.
First clutch 24 optionally makes primary nodal point 14A and the fourth planet gear train 20 of first planet gear train 14Primary nodal point 20A connect.Second clutch 26 optionally makes primary nodal point 14A and the fourth line of first planet gear train 14The secondary nodal point 20B of star gear train 20 and input shaft or component 12 connect.3rd clutch 28 optionally makes the second planet toothThe secondary nodal point 14B of the primary nodal point 16A of wheel group 16 and first planet gear train 14 with Section the three of third planet gear train 183rd node 20C of point 18C and fourth planet gear train 20 connects.First brake 30 optionally makes fourth planet gear train20 primary nodal point 20A is connected with retaining element or case of transmission 50.Second brake 32 optionally makes the second planet toothThe secondary nodal point 16B of wheel group 16 is connected with retaining element or case of transmission 20.3rd brake 34 optionally makes the second row3rd node 16C of star gear train 16 is connected with retaining element or case of transmission 50.
With reference now to Fig. 2, this symbol illustrates the schematic of the embodiment of 13 shift transmissions 10 according to the present inventionLayout.In fig. 2, continue the numbering of the lever diagram from Fig. 1.Show correspondingly clutch, brake and couple, however, rowThe node of star gear train is now as the such as central gear of planetary gearsets, ring gear, planetary gear and pinion framePart occur.
For example, planetary gearsets 14 include central gear component 14A, ring gear component 14C and rotatablySupport the planet gear carrier member 14B of one group of planetary gear 14D (in planetary gear 14D, only one illustrates).This group planetary gear14D is constructed separately into and is intermeshed with central gear component 14A and ring gear component 14C.Central gear component 14A is connectedIt is connected into and jointly rotate with first axle or interconnecting component 42.Ring gear component 14C is connected to and the second axle or interconnecting component 44Common rotation.Carrier member 14B is connected to jointly revolve with the 3rd axle or interconnecting component 46 and the 4th axle or interconnecting component 48Turn.
Planetary gearsets 16 include central gear component 16C, ring gear component 16A and are rotatably supported oneThe planet gear carrier member 16B of group planetary gear 16D (in planetary gear 16D, only one illustrates).This group planetary gear 16D is dividedIt is not configured to intermesh with central gear component 16C and ring gear component 16A.Central gear component 16C be connected to5th axle or interconnecting component 52 rotate jointly.Ring gear component 16A is connected to jointly revolve with the 4th axle or interconnecting component 48Turn.Carrier member 16B is connected to jointly rotate with the 6th axle or interconnecting component 54 and the 7th axle or interconnecting component 56.
Planetary gearsets 18 include central gear component 18C, ring gear component 18A and are rotatably supportedThe planet gear carrier member 18B of one group of planetary gear 18D (in planetary gear 18D, only one illustrates).This first group of planetary gear18D is constructed separately into and is intermeshed with central gear component 18C and ring gear component 18A.Central gear component 18C is connectedIt is connected into and jointly rotate with the 8th axle or interconnecting component 58.Ring gear component 18A is connected to and the 7th axle or interconnecting component 56Common rotation.Carrier member 18B is connected to jointly rotate with the second axle or interconnecting component 44 and output shaft or component 22.
Planetary gearsets 20 include central gear component 20A, ring gear component 20C and are rotatably supported oneThe planet gear carrier member 20B of group planetary gear 20D (in planetary gear 20D, only one illustrates).This group planetary gear 20D is dividedIt is not configured to intermesh with central gear component 20A and ring gear component 20C.Central gear component 20A be connected to9th axle or interconnecting component 60 rotate jointly.Ring gear component 20C be connected to the 8th axle or interconnecting component 58 and withTenth axle or interconnecting component 62 rotate jointly.Carrier member 20B is connected to and input shaft or interconnecting component 12 and the 11stAxle or interconnecting component 64 rotate jointly.
Input shaft or component 12 are continuously connected to electromotor (not shown) or connect to the turbine (not shown) of torque-converters.Output shaft or component 22 are continuously connected with final gear unit or transfer case (not shown).
Torque-transmitting mechanisms（Or, clutch 24,26,28 and brake 30,32 and 34）Allow axle or interconnecting component, OKThe selectivity interconnection of the component of star gear train and housing.For example, first clutch 24 is selectively engageable, so that firstAxle or interconnecting component 42 are connected with the 9th axle or interconnecting component 60.Second clutch 26 is selectively engageable, so that first axleOr interconnecting component 42 is connected with the 11st axle or interconnecting component 64.3rd clutch 28 is selectively engageable, so that the 3rd axleOr interconnecting component 46 is connected with the tenth axle or interconnecting component 62.First brake 30 is selectively engageable so that the 9th axle orInterconnecting component 60 is connected with retaining element or case of transmission 50, to prevent the 9th axle or interconnecting component 60 with respect to variatorHousing 50 rotates.Second brake 32 is selectively engageable, so that the 6th axle or interconnecting component 54 and retaining element or speed changeDevice housing 50 connects, to prevent the 6th axle or interconnecting component 54 from rotating with respect to case of transmission 50.3rd brake 34 canIt is selectively engaged, so that the 5th axle or interconnecting component 52 are connected with retaining element or case of transmission 50, to prevent the 5thAxle or interconnecting component 52 rotate with respect to case of transmission 50.
With reference now to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, by the operation of the embodiment of description 13 shift transmissions 10.It will be appreciated that speed changeDevice 10 can be with multiple forward gear speed ratios or torque ratio (such as 13) and at least one reverse gear speed ratio or torque ratio by moment of torsionIt is transferred to output shaft or component 22 from input shaft or component 12.As will be described below, by torque-transmitting mechanisms (that is, firstClutch 24, second clutch 26, the 3rd clutch 28, the first brake 30, second brake 32 and the 3rd brake 34) inOne or more joints, obtain each forward gear and the speed ratio that reverses gear or torque ratio.Fig. 3 shows and is activated or engagesTo obtain the truth table of the various combinations of the torque delivery element of various shifting state.Also show the reality of various shifting stateNumerical gear ratio, although it will be appreciated that, these digital values are only exemplary, and they can raise in sizable scopeSection, to adapt to various applications and the operation standard of variator 10.Also show available embodiments of the invention in figure 3 to obtainGear ratio example.Certainly, may depend on selected gear diameter, tooth number and gear configurations and obtain other transmissionsThan.
With respect to variator 10, by engaging or starting second clutch 26, second brake 32 and the 3rd brake 34Reverse gear to set up.Second clutch 26 makes first axle or interconnecting component 42 be connected with the 11st axle or interconnecting component 64.Second systemDynamic device 32 makes the 6th axle or interconnecting component 54 be connected with retaining element or case of transmission 50, to prevent the 6th axle or interconnection structurePart 54 rotates with respect to case of transmission 50.3rd brake 34 makes the 5th axle or interconnecting component 52 and retaining element or variatorHousing 50 connects, to prevent the 5th axle or interconnecting component 52 from rotating with respect to case of transmission 50.Similarly, as shown in figure 3,13 forward gear ratios are obtained by the various combination of clutch and the joint of brake.
It will be appreciated that the preceding description of operation to variator 10 and shifting state supposes：First, in given gearUnder the state of position, all clutches specifically not referred to and brake are invalid or disengaging；And secondly, at least phaseDuring gearshift between adjacent shifting state, that is, during the change of shifting state, all engage under two kinds of shifting state or openDynamic clutch or brake remain engaged with or start.
Additionally, the variator 10 of the present invention is alternatively arranged as nine speed transmission, ten shift transmissions, 11 shift transmissions and 12Shift transmission operates.For example, Fig. 4 illustrates the joint of various torque delivery element, to set up ten gear ratios or speed ratio.Fig. 5Illustrate the joint of various torque delivery element, to set up 11 gear ratios or speed ratio.