Background technology
Approximately 2,000,000 tons of the sludge quantities (dry weight) of the annual discharge of wastewater treatment in China factory, and with annual more than 10% speed increment.The problem of environmental pollution of sludge creation becomes increasingly conspicuous, and has caused great potential safety hazard, environmental stress and economical load.In mud, contain the hazardous and noxious substances such as a large amount of heavy metal substances, pathogenic bacteria, the mud that does not obtain safety, environmental protection treatment disposal is larger to the harm of environment.Sludge treatment technique unit mainly comprises the technological processs such as mud is concentrated, dehydration, digestion, fermentation, mummification.Sludge treatment has these several conventionally: (1) landfill, refer to that mud carries out landfill disposal at special-purpose landfill yard, and earthing is carried out in open and flat, compacting as common solid waste landfill.(2) burn, refer to that disposing sludge is the heat that has utilized mud itself in burning process, and organism permineralization after burning, self property changes completely.Atmospheric polluting material, the ash that sludge anhydration burning produces flies, the discharge of lime-ash is all done corresponding processing and disposed.(3) material of construction utilization, generally comprise at present as cement additive, brickmaking and aglite processed etc., in addition, the utilization of mud material of construction also has the techniques such as the biochemical fiberboard of mud system, roadbed material, fence, these techniques also exist that technology is not mature enough or the amount of dissolving is too little at present, can not meet the quantity discharged of mud.(4) agricultural, can solve a large amount of mud, sludge treatment disposal technology is of a great variety, but technology is uneven, does not have unified standard to instruct sludge treatment to cause the increasing of cost, and What is more has caused the secondary pollution of environment.Traditional sludge treatment process has anaerobic digestion, aerobic sigestion, fermentation, alkaline process stable etc.Alkaline process is stable is to carry out stabilized sludge by adding chemical agent, conventionally feeding lime.The stable Main Function of alkaline process is foul smell problem and the kill pathogenic bacteria that solves mud, alkaline process steady decrease the manurial value of mud, but mud is more easily dewatered.After adding lime, in fact do not have direct degradation of organic substances, and increased sludge volume, so this guide rule recommend adoption not.Sludge digestion mainly comprises anaerobic digestion and aerobic sigestion.Anaerobic sludge digestion is under oxygen free condition, to rely on anaerobion to make organic substance decomposing stable a kind of bioremediation, by hydrolysis, produce acid, produce methane 3 stages and complete the object of organic substance decomposing, most of pathogenic bacterium or roundworm egg are killed or are decomposed as organism simultaneously.Sludge aerobic digestion essence is the continuation of activated sludge process, and its principle of work is the endogenous metabolism process of the microbial organisms in mud.By aeration, be filled with oxygen, the microbial organisms autoxidation in active sludge decomposes, and is converted into carbonic acid gas, water, ammonia etc., and mud is stablized.Product odorless after processing, similar soil ulmin, the advantage such as fertilizer efficiency is higher, operating safety, but sludge aerobic digestion is due to needs input power, so running cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of organic fertilizer produced from sludge generated and preparation method thereof, he utilizes the mud producing in sewage work's business processes sewage process, solve the sludge treatment problem of sewage disposal enterprise, with present method make that organic fertilizer is simple, safety, running cost is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
an organic fertilizer produced from sludge generated, is comprised of the raw material of following weight proportion:
Dewatered sludge 50%-70%, medical stone 5%-10%, Fluorspar Powder 5%-20%, auxiliary material 20%-30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1%-0.3%;
its preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) batching is processed: after the raw material of above-mentioned weight proportion is mixed, spray, moisture controlled is 45%-65%; As on the low side in pH value after check, with unslaked lime, PH is adjusted to about 7-8, mix thoroughly.
(2) fermentation maturity: place is selected, fermentation maturity place is done at ventilation in summer, shady and cool place; Winter, leeward area without shade or indoor carrying out, when heap temperature rises to 40 ° of C ~ 70 ° C, can start overturning, if heap temperature surpasses 40 ° more than C, overturning again, should plough under the material of outside and bottom in heap during overturning.After lasting overturning 2-4 times, the ordorless peculiar smell of material, shows to have become thoroughly decomposed;
(3) screening: the material of can checking of powdery sieves.Bake drying or airing material, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 is made powdery organic fertilizer;
(4) granulation: by granulation after the granular pulverizing of powdery, through bake drying or airing, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 granulation shape organic fertilizer.
described auxiliary material can for following any one: useless bacterium slag, straw powder, sawdust, rice bran
Wherein each raw material effect is as follows:
medical stone: (1) adsorptive power is strong, deodorization.So-called absorption is the whole solvations of solid with porousness, huge surface area, and reaction chemistry, physics occurs.Medical stone is done the used time as activator and water, has two kinds of situations below: the absorption of physics is that the atom of tactile agent (medium) surface adsorption is inhaled and to be come, become+ion and-effect of ion, adsorption is affected by granularity, ionization, three factors of temperature.Chemistry absorption be intermolecular solvent action, make its be decomposed into+ion and-ion.Atom in decomposition, ion, be attracted on other materials.This absorption has a Neutron Coupling and two electron coupling, and medical stone is two electron coupling.By electron microscope, can see on medical stone having a lot of holes, this is one of significant aesthetic appearance of medical stone.The surface-area of 1 gram of medical stone reaches hundreds of square metre, is 20000 times with amount activated carbon.Medical stone can absorb, decompose, remove various materials, as: amine, chlorine, mercury, cadmium, cyanogen, White staphylococcus, colon bacillus, bacterium and various germ.The magnetism of medical stone, is also embodied in the absorption aspect for taste, and deodorization is very competent.
(2) can improve soil.The activation of medical stone to water and soil, because medical stone can be stabilized and increased, the physics function of balance soil, so it more has superiority than other soil improvement agent.The use of chemical fertilizer, soil improvement agent can be reduced, and soil property, protection of the environment can be economical, effectively improved.
(3) remove various chemical toxicants.Medical stone can also utilize self component to pass through the method ionization toxic substance that absorbs, decomposes.Released mineral matter balance mineral substance quantity, medical stone can give out the requisite various mineral substance of human body in water.By absorbing unnecessary mineral substance or released mineral matter, supplement its deficiency, the quantity that medical stone can balance mineral substance.The various trace elements that medical stone discharges as: potassium, phosphorus, iron, sulphur, manganese, magnesium etc., these materials are to enzyme and hormonal synthetic playing an important role.The reason that medical stone discharges several mineral materials is that it is comprised of 24000 Multiple components, and this is the most significant feature of medical stone.
auxiliary materialin (useless bacterium slag, straw powder, sawdust, rice bran), organic matter is very abundant, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition also contain various trace elements, and nutrient is comparatively balanced.The contained organic matter of municipal sludge does not reach national standard, and contained unbalanced of nitrogen phosphorus potassium increased nitrogen phosphorus potassium, organic content after interpolation, thereby makes the fertilizer nutrient equilibrium that becomes.This material at suitable temperature the most easily and bio-fermentation agent become thoroughly decomposed, thereby can produce a large amount of profitable strains directly the organic matter of initiation municipal sludge become thoroughly decomposed rapidly.The ventilation property that has increased material in digest process can make large quantity of moisture evaporation, can make mud become loose.
fluorspar Powder:non-metallic minerals, main component is Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan), is the main source of industrial fluorine element.Pure fluorite is fluorine-containing 48.67%, and calcium 51.33%, contains rare earth element.The invasion and attack of calcium energy Antifungi, eliminate too much the produced harm of some ion: as acid soil, calcium can reduce hydrogen ion, aluminum ion; Alkaline soil, calcium can reduce sodium ion.Calcium easily forms insoluble calcium precipitation and fixes in crop, becomes the nutrient that can not shift and utilize once again.Crop calcium deficiency often not soil cause for hypocalcia, be mainly because crop is obstructed to the absorption of calcium and transfer, and the disorder occurring.Rare earth element can improve the chlorophyll content of plant, strengthens photosynthesis, promotes root system development, increases root system to nutrition absorption.Rare earth can also promote seed germination, improves rate of emergence, promotes growth of seedling.Except above Main Function, also have and make some crop strengthen ability disease-resistant, cold-resistant, drought resisting.
bio-fermentation agent:bio-fermentation agent energy fast decoupled compost is organic, the advantage such as have few, the powerful degrade proteins of addition, fermentation time is short, cost is low, leavening temperature is not limited, can effectively kill harmful bacteria, worm, worm's ovum, the grass-seed in fermented product the antibiotic remains etc. of degrading.The features such as breeding is quick, vitality is strong, safety non-toxic.This agent is comprised of multiple-microorganism, in application, each quasi-microorganism all plays an important role separately, they will be rapidly and the rapid combination of optimum strength around, produce antioxidant, remove oxidizing substance, eliminate corruption and stench, prevention and inhibition pathogenic bacteria, form the good environment that is suitable for animal and plant growth; Simultaneously, it also produces a large amount of benefit materials that easily absorb for animals and plants, as amino acid, organic acid, Polysaccharides, various VITAMIN, various biochemical enzyme, somatomedin, antioxidant, microbiotic and antiviral substance etc., improve the immunologic function of plant, promotion health growth.
the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:the present invention is with humic acid, organic substance, mineral substance main raw material, through the degree of depth fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, is equipped with natural mineral matter and multiple amino acids, the multiple biological bacteria of Methionin etc., a kind of green, the free of contamination new-type fertilizer that through the proportioning process for processing of science, form.
1. comprehensive nutrition, fertilizer efficiency is lasting: this organic fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and abundant organic matter, the acid of nitrogen base can constantly discharge plant-growth desired nutritional element and hormone by microbial activities.Plant-growth is had to regulating effect.There are the absorption, raising chlorophyll content, the enhancing photosynthesis that promote root system development, help nutritive element, reach rapid long-acting and combine, promote that plant growth is good, reach high and stable yields.
2. improve Soil structure, the fertilizer conservation of loosening the soil.A large amount of organic matters, mineral substance, can improve soil physical property, the acidifying of keeping soil from packing together, salinization, increase soil patterning, thereby make loosing soil, be conducive to preserve moisture and fertility, ventilation and the development of promotion root system, improve biota, make beneficial microorganism have a good living environment.
3. strengthen plant drought resistance against diseases: humic acid, organic in edaphophyte root amount reproduction and phytopathogen competition nutrition, thus the growth of Suppressing phytopathogens reduces pathogenic bacteria quantity; Produce various enzymes, dissolved destruction pathogenic mycetocyte, produces microbiotic and directly suppresses or kill plants pathogenic bacteria.Especially can suitably control the openness of crop page pore, reduce transpiration, improve crop drought resistance ability.
4. preserve the ecological environment, protection land resources, reduces the consumption of chemical fertilizer, and mineral substance changes heavy metal in soil and harmful flora for a long time in soil.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, trace element are that the raw materials such as municipal sludge own, useless bacterium slag, straw powder, sawdust, rice bran are contained.It is in order to evaporate minimizing moisture, to stablize nutrient, killing pernicious bacteria that reaction process is added bio-fermentation agent.Add medical stone powder, Fluorspar Powder and be in order to make in municipal sludge contained plurality of heavy metal, pernicious bacteria do one and thoroughly dispel.Fluorspar Powder it to have unique property be that medical stone powder is unexistent, and Fluorspar Powder cost ratio medical stone powder is cheap, is only 1/3rd of medical stone powder, thereby has reduced cost, the product price of producing is cheap, high-quality.
This mud is prepared the relative mud of organic fertilizer method, and to prepare the preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer simple, selects materials extensively, and cost is low, easily controls.Present method also adapts to directly and makes of mud.Select materials simple extensively, low also the control without temperature of cost can High Temperature Sterilization, dual safety, the safe and effective conformance with standard of fertilizer of made.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
a kind of organic fertilizer produced from sludge generated and preparation method thereof, is comprised of the raw material of following weight proportion:
Dewatered sludge 70%, medical stone 5%, Fluorspar Powder 5%, rice bran 20%, bio-fermentation agent 0.3%.
its preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) batching is processed: after the raw material of above-mentioned weight proportion is mixed, spray, moisture controlled is 45%-65%; As on the low side in pH value after check, with unslaked lime, PH is adjusted to about 7-8, mix thoroughly.
(2) fermentation maturity: place is selected, fermentation maturity place is done at ventilation in summer, shady and cool place; Winter, leeward area without shade or indoor carrying out, when heap temperature rises to 40 ° of C ~ 70 ° C, can start overturning, if heap temperature surpasses 40 ° more than C, overturning again, should plough under the material of outside and bottom in heap during overturning.After lasting overturning 2-4 times, the ordorless peculiar smell of material, shows that fermentation maturity completes;
(3) screening: the material of can checking of powdery sieves.Bake drying or airing material, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 is made powdery organic fertilizer;
(4) granulation: by granulation after the granular pulverizing of powdery, through bake drying or airing, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 granulation shape organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 2:
a kind of organic fertilizer produced from sludge generated and preparation method thereof, is comprised of the raw material of following weight proportion:
Dewatered sludge 50%, medical stone 10%, Fluorspar Powder 20%, straw powder 30%, bio-fermentation agent 0.1%.
its preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) batching is processed: after the raw material of above-mentioned weight proportion is mixed, spray, moisture controlled is 45%-65%; As on the low side in pH value after check, with unslaked lime, PH is adjusted to about 7-8, mix thoroughly.
(2) fermentation maturity: place is selected, fermentation maturity place is done at ventilation in summer, shady and cool place; Winter, leeward area without shade or indoor carrying out, when heap temperature rises to 40 ° of C ~ 70 ° C, can start overturning, if heap temperature surpasses 40 ° more than C, overturning again, should plough under the material of outside and bottom in heap during overturning.After lasting overturning 2-4 times, the ordorless peculiar smell of material, shows that fermentation maturity completes;
(3) screening: the material of can checking of powdery sieves.Bake drying or airing material, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 is made powdery organic fertilizer;
(4) granulation: by granulation after the granular pulverizing of powdery, through bake drying or airing, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 granulation shape organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 3:
an organic fertilizer produced from sludge generated, is comprised of the raw material of following weight proportion:
Dewatered sludge 60%, medical stone 5%, Fluorspar Powder 10%, useless bacterium slag 25%, bio-fermentation agent 0.2%.
its preparation method comprises the steps:
(1) batching is processed: after the raw material of above-mentioned weight proportion is mixed, spray, moisture controlled is 45%-65%; As on the low side in pH value after check, with unslaked lime, PH is adjusted to about 7-8, mix thoroughly.
(2) fermentation maturity: place is selected, fermentation maturity place is done at ventilation in summer, shady and cool place; Winter, leeward area without shade or indoor carrying out, when heap temperature rises to 40 ° of C ~ 70 ° C, can start overturning, if heap temperature surpasses 40 ° more than C, overturning again, should plough under the material of outside and bottom in heap during overturning.After lasting overturning 2-4 times, the ordorless peculiar smell of material, shows that fermentation maturity completes;
(3) screening: the material of can checking of powdery sieves.Bake drying or airing material, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 is made powdery organic fertilizer;
(4) granulation: by granulation after the granular pulverizing of powdery, through bake drying or airing, moisture controlled is ≤30%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium >=5%, organic >=45%, ph value 5.5-8.5 granulation shape organic fertilizer.