技术领域technical field
本发明涉及存储技术领域，尤其涉及一种文件恢复方法及装置。The present invention relates to the field of storage technology, in particular to a file recovery method and device.
背景技术Background technique
目前，存储系统大多通过RAID（Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks，磁盘阵列）冗余备份、远程复制、快照等备份手段增强系统的可靠性。当这些备份手段全部失效时，若有文件的元数据损坏，系统通常采用内部快照即系统快照技术来恢复文件的元数据。At present, most storage systems enhance system reliability through backup means such as RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks, disk array), remote replication, and snapshots. When all these backup methods fail, if the metadata of a file is damaged, the system usually uses an internal snapshot, that is, a system snapshot technology, to restore the metadata of the file.
系统快照技术是指系统每隔一段时间对文件备份一次，当有文件的元数据损坏且其他备份手段全部失效时，通过将系统快照中的数据读出来并写到当前文件系统中来恢复该文件，从而恢复该文件的元数据。但是，若最近一次系统快照到文件的元数据损坏的这段时间，系统对文件中的数据进行过修改，即此时文件的元数据改变，那么利用系统快照恢复的的元数据并不是最新的元数据，因此，系统快照技术并不能恢复全部元数据，仍有可能导致文件部分元数据丢失，从而导致该文件这部分元数据对应的数据丢失。System snapshot technology means that the system backs up files every once in a while. When the metadata of a file is damaged and all other backup methods fail, the data in the system snapshot is read out and written to the current file system to restore the file. , thereby restoring the metadata for the file. However, if the system has modified the data in the file during the period from the latest system snapshot to the time when the metadata of the file is damaged, that is, the metadata of the file changes at this time, then the metadata restored by using the system snapshot is not the latest Metadata, therefore, the system snapshot technology cannot recover all the metadata, and it may still cause the loss of some metadata of the file, resulting in the loss of data corresponding to this part of the metadata of the file.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题technical problem
有鉴于此，本发明可以解决的技术问题是当文件的元数据损坏且所有备份手段无法恢复时，如何快速恢复该文件。In view of this, the technical problem that the present invention can solve is how to restore the file quickly when the metadata of the file is damaged and all backup means cannot be restored.
解决方案solution
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明一实施例，提供了一种文件恢复方法，应用于写重定向ROW型文件系统，所述文件系统用于管理和存储文件，该方法包括：In order to solve the above technical problem, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a file recovery method is provided, which is applied to a write redirection ROW file system, and the file system is used to manage and store files. The method includes:
当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点的系统快照对应的所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，When it is detected that the metadata of the first file is damaged, the content of the first file corresponding to the system snapshot at the first time point is written into the file system corresponding to the second time point to form a second file,
其中，所述第一时间点在所述第二时间点之前，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏的时间点；Wherein, the first time point is before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point when the metadata is damaged;
根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file,
其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。Wherein, the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point.
对于上述文件恢复方法，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，包括：For the above file recovery method, in a possible implementation manner, updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file includes:
根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息；Searching for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot;
根据查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件。The second file is updated according to the found allocation record information.
对于上述文件恢复方法，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述分配记录信息包括所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息。For the above file recovery method, in a possible implementation manner, the allocation record information includes block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and each data block Offset information of the block in the first file.
对于上述文件恢复方法，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息，包括：For the above file recovery method, in a possible implementation manner, the searching for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot includes:
根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息；Find the block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file and the offset of each data block in the first file according to the identification information of the system snapshot information;
根据查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，包括：Updating the second file according to the found allocation record information, including:
根据所述第一文件的每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息，读取所述块虚拟地址信息对应的数据块的内容；According to the block virtual address information of each data block of the first file, read the content of the data block corresponding to the block virtual address information;
根据所述每个数据块的长度信息、每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息以及读取到的每个数据块的内容，更新所述第二文件。The second file is updated according to the length information of each data block, the offset information of each data block in the first file, and the read content of each data block.
为了解决上述技术问题，根据本发明另一实施例，提供了一种文件恢复装置，应用于写重定向ROW型文件系统，所述文件系统用于管理和存储文件，该装置包括：In order to solve the above technical problems, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a file recovery device is provided, which is applied to a write redirection ROW file system, and the file system is used to manage and store files, and the device includes:
写入模块，用于当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点的系统快照对应的所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，A write module, configured to write the content of the first file corresponding to the system snapshot at the first time point into the file system corresponding to the second time point when detecting that the metadata of the first file is damaged, to form a second file ,
其中，所述第一时间点在所述第二时间点之前，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏的时间点；Wherein, the first time point is before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point when the metadata is damaged;
更新模块，与所述写入模块连接，用于根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，An updating module, connected to the writing module, configured to update the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file,
其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。Wherein, the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point.
对于上述文件恢复装置，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，包括：For the above file recovery apparatus, in a possible implementation manner, updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file includes:
查找单元，用于根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息；a search unit, configured to search for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot;
更新单元，与所述查找单元连接，用于根据所述查找单元查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件。An update unit, connected to the search unit, configured to update the second file according to the allocation record information found by the search unit.
对于上述文件恢复装置，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述分配记录信息包括所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息。For the above file recovery device, in a possible implementation manner, the allocation record information includes block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and each data block Offset information of the block in the first file.
对于上述文件恢复装置，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述查找单元用于根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息；For the above file restoration device, in a possible implementation manner, the search unit is configured to search for block virtual address information, length information, The identification information of the file to which it belongs and the offset information of each data block in the first file;
所述更新单元用于根据所述第一文件的每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息，读取所述块虚拟地址信息对应的数据块的内容；以及用于根据所述每个数据块的长度信息、每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息以及读取到的每个数据块的内容，更新所述第二文件。The updating unit is used to read the content of the data block corresponding to the block virtual address information according to the block virtual address information of each data block of the first file; and is used to read the content of the data block corresponding to the block virtual address information; information, the offset information of each data block in the first file, and the read content of each data block, and update the second file.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明实施例的文件恢复方法及装置，当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点对应的系统快照中所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点为所述第二时间点之前距离最近的系统快照对应的时间点，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏对应的时间点；根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。这样，本发明实施例提供的文件恢复方法及装置，通过内部快照技术和文件系统的分配记录信息，就可以快速准确的恢复文件。In the file recovery method and device of the embodiment of the present invention, when the metadata of the first file is detected to be damaged, the content of the first file in the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point is written into the file system corresponding to the second time point , forming a second file, wherein the first time point is the time point corresponding to the closest system snapshot before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point corresponding to the metadata damage; according to The allocation record information of the first file updates the second file, wherein the allocation record information is written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point for An allocation record for the first file. In this way, the file recovery method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can quickly and accurately recover files through the internal snapshot technology and the allocation record information of the file system.
根据下面参考附图对示例性实施例的详细说明，本发明的其它特征及方面将变得清楚。Other features and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
包含在说明书中并且构成说明书的一部分的附图与说明书一起示出了本发明的示例性实施例、特征和方面，并且用于解释本发明的原理。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
图1示出根据本发明一实施例的文件恢复方法的流程图；FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a file recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出根据本发明另一实施例的文件恢复方法的流程图；FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a file recovery method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图3为事务机制流程的示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transaction mechanism flow;
图4为第一时间点的第一文件的结构示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first file at a first time point;
图5为第二时间点的第一文件的结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first file at a second time point;
图6示出根据本发明一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图；FIG. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a file recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图7示出根据本发明另一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图；FIG. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a file recovery device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图8示出根据本发明又一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图。Fig. 8 shows a structural block diagram of a file restoration device according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下将参考附图详细说明本发明的各种示例性实施例、特征和方面。附图中相同的附图标记表示功能相同或相似的元件。尽管在附图中示出了实施例的各种方面，但是除非特别指出，不必按比例绘制附图。Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the figures indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While various aspects of the embodiments are shown in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
在这里专用的词“示例性”意为“用作例子、实施例或说明性”。这里作为“示例性”所说明的任何实施例不必解释为优于或好于其它实施例。The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration." Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as superior or better than other embodiments.
另外，为了更好的说明本发明，在下文的具体实施方式中给出了众多的具体细节。本领域技术人员应当理解，没有某些具体细节，本发明同样可以实施。在一些实例中，对于本领域技术人员熟知的方法、手段、元件和电路未作详细描述，以便于凸显本发明的主旨。In addition, in order to better illustrate the present invention, numerous specific details are given in the specific embodiments below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without certain of the specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
图1示出根据本发明一实施例的文件恢复方法的流程图，该方法主要应用于ROW（Redirect On Write，写重定向）型文件系统，所述文件系统用于管理和存储文件。如图1所示，该方法主要可以包括以下步骤：FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a file recovery method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method is mainly applied to a ROW (Redirect On Write, write redirection) type file system, and the file system is used to manage and store files. As shown in Figure 1, the method may mainly include the following steps:
步骤S100、当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点的系统快照对应的所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，Step S100, when it is detected that the metadata of the first file is damaged, write the content of the first file corresponding to the system snapshot at the first time point into the file system corresponding to the second time point to form a second file,
其中，所述第一时间点在所述第二时间点之前，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏的时间点；Wherein, the first time point is before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point when the metadata is damaged;
步骤S110、根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，Step S110, updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file,
其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。Wherein, the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point.
具体地，本申请方案是基于ROW型文件系统，该文件系统的写是完全重新写，即当修改一个数据块的内容时，在缓冲区对该数据块的内容进行修改，将修改完成后的数据块的内容再重新写到磁盘上一个新的空白块中。Specifically, the solution of this application is based on the ROW file system, and the writing of the file system is completely rewritten, that is, when the content of a data block is modified, the content of the data block is modified in the buffer, and the modified The contents of the data block are rewritten to a new empty block on disk.
对于上述步骤S100，文件系统每隔一个预定的时间例如两个小时会对系统做一次系统快照，这个动作对于用户而言是不可见的，在该文件系统中可以保存一定数量例如12个系统快照。系统快照是文件系统或卷的只读副本，主要可以包括文件系统中所有文件的元数据信息。系统快照几乎可以即时创建，而且最初不占用存储池中的其他磁盘空间。文件系统或卷打上系统快照后，其文件上的数据在该系统快照没有被删除之前即使被更改也不会被删除，因此，当文件系统或卷有文件的元数据损坏时，可以利用这没有被删除的数据来恢复系统的元数据，从而恢复文件。其中，文件的元数据是指负责管理文件数据的信息。比如文件大小，数据块大小，在磁盘上存储在哪些数据块等。用户可以通过文件的元数据来访问文件的数据。For the above step S100, the file system will take a system snapshot of the system every predetermined time, such as two hours, this action is invisible to the user, and a certain number, such as 12 system snapshots, can be saved in the file system . A system snapshot is a read-only copy of a file system or volume, which mainly includes metadata information of all files in the file system. System snapshots are created almost instantaneously and initially occupy no other disk space in the storage pool. After a file system or volume is marked with a system snapshot, the data on its files will not be deleted even if it is changed before the system snapshot is deleted. Therefore, when the metadata of a file system or volume is damaged, you can take advantage of this Deleted data to restore system metadata and thus restore files. Here, the metadata of a file refers to information responsible for managing file data. Such as file size, data block size, which data blocks are stored on the disk, etc. Users can access the file's data through the file's metadata.
当文件系统中有某个文件的元数据损坏时，可以利用上述系统快照来恢复文件的元数据。例如，当在某一个时间点（下称第二时间点）某一个文件（下称第一文件）的元数据损坏时，文件系统可以将第一时间点的系统快照中第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件。其中，所述第一时间点在第二时间点之前。恢复出来的第二文件即为第一文件在第一时间点的状态，此时恢复出来的元数据也即是第一文件在第一时间点的状态。优选的，所述第一时间点为在第二时间点之前，离第一时间点最近的时间点。When the metadata of a certain file in the file system is damaged, the above-mentioned system snapshot can be used to restore the metadata of the file. For example, when the metadata of a certain file (hereinafter referred to as the first file) is damaged at a certain time point (hereinafter referred to as the second time point), the file system can write the content of the first file in the system snapshot at the first time point to Enter the file system corresponding to the second time point to form a second file. Wherein, the first time point is before the second time point. The recovered second file is the state of the first file at the first time point, and the metadata recovered at this time is also the state of the first file at the first time point. Preferably, the first time point is the closest time point to the first time point before the second time point.
对于上述步骤S110，在文件系统中，每个系统快照对应一个一致性点即时间点。利用系统快照技术可以恢复出第一文件在第一时间点的状态。但如果在第一时间点到第二时间点之间，文件系统对第一文件有过修改，即第一文件在第二时间点的状态与在第一时间点的状态不一样，即这两个时间点对应的第一文件的元数据也不一样。则此时系统快照技术并不能恢复第一文件全部的元数据。For the above step S110, in the file system, each system snapshot corresponds to a consistency point, that is, a time point. The state of the first file at the first point in time can be restored by using the system snapshot technology. However, if the file system has modified the first file between the first time point and the second time point, that is, the state of the first file at the second time point is different from the state at the first time point, that is, the two The metadata of the first file corresponding to each time point is also different. At this time, the system snapshot technology cannot recover all the metadata of the first file.
因此，在利用系统快照技术可以恢复出第一文件在第一时间点的状态后，本申请的技术方案可以根据第一文件的分配记录信息，将所述第二文件的内容进行更新。其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。将所述第二文件的内容进行更新，主要可以包括修改第二文件的数据、删除第二文件的数据以及增加数据到第二文件中。Therefore, after the state of the first file at the first time point can be recovered by using the system snapshot technology, the technical solution of the present application can update the content of the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file. Wherein, the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point. Updating the content of the second file may mainly include modifying data in the second file, deleting data in the second file, and adding data to the second file.
本发明实施例的文件恢复方法，当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点对应的系统快照中所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点为所述第二时间点之前距离最近的系统快照对应的时间点，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏对应的时间点；根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。这样，本发明实施例提供的文件恢复方法，通过系统快照技术和文件系统的分配记录信息，就可以快速准确的恢复文件。In the file recovery method of the embodiment of the present invention, when the metadata of the first file is detected to be damaged, the content of the first file in the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point is written into the file system corresponding to the second time point, forming The second file, wherein the first time point is the time point corresponding to the closest system snapshot before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point corresponding to the metadata damage; according to the Allocation record information of the first file, updating the second file, wherein the allocation record information is written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point for the Allocation record for the first file. In this way, the file recovery method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can quickly and accurately recover files through the system snapshot technology and the allocation record information of the file system.
实施例2Example 2
图2示出根据本发明另一实施例的文件恢复方法的流程图。图2中标号与图1相同的步骤具有相同的功能，为简明起见，省略对这些步骤的详细说明。Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a file recovery method according to another embodiment of the present invention. Steps in FIG. 2 with the same numbers as those in FIG. 1 have the same functions, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of these steps are omitted.
如图2所示，本实施例的文件恢复方法与上一实施例的文件恢复方法的主要区别在于，步骤S110具体可以包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the main difference between the file recovery method of this embodiment and the file recovery method of the previous embodiment is that step S110 may specifically include the following steps:
步骤S1101、根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息；Step S1101, searching for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot;
步骤S1102、根据查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件。Step S1102. Update the second file according to the found distribution record information.
具体地，在利用系统快照技术将第一文件的状态恢复到第一时间点的状态后，为了将第一文件的状态恢复到第二时间点时的状态，可以查找第一时间点的系统快照的标识信息。在一种可能的实现方式中，该标识信息可以为一个事务号。Specifically, after using the system snapshot technology to restore the state of the first file to the state at the first point in time, in order to restore the state of the first file to the state at the second point in time, you can search for the system snapshot at the first point in time identification information. In a possible implementation manner, the identification information may be a transaction number.
在文件系统中，很多操作通常需要更新多个不同的元数据，例如创建文件操作需要修改以下这些元数据：一是创建一个新的节点（inode），插入该文件系统的节点树（inodetree）中；二是增加一个目录项，插入文件系统目录树中；三是修改分配器中的元数据，分配一段磁盘空间。这三个步骤中任一步骤出错，创建文件的操作就不能成功。即相当于这三个步骤都没有被执行过。因此可以将创建文件的操作定义为一个事务。In the file system, many operations usually need to update multiple different metadata. For example, creating a file operation needs to modify the following metadata: First, create a new node (inode) and insert it into the node tree (inodetree) of the file system ; The second is to add a directory entry and insert it into the file system directory tree; the third is to modify the metadata in the allocator and allocate a section of disk space. If any of these three steps fails, the operation to create the file cannot succeed. That is to say, none of these three steps has been executed. Therefore, the operation of creating a file can be defined as a transaction.
在文件系统中，单个文件操作涉及的数据量少但是下发频繁，而且连续下发的文件操作的数据具有一定的局部性，所以为了保证文件系统的性能，文件系统往往会做操作数据的缓存和合并，因此文件系统通常把一组事务缓存合并后进行下盘。In the file system, the amount of data involved in a single file operation is small but the data is sent frequently, and the data of the continuous file operation has a certain locality. Therefore, in order to ensure the performance of the file system, the file system often caches the operation data. And merge, so the file system usually merges a set of transaction caches and then downloads them to the disk.
为了适应文件系统的这种特点，事务机制考虑两阶段的流程设计，如图3所示。在阶段一，事务与文件系统产生的所有操作关联，形成一个事务组，文件系统为该事务组分配一个事务号。当事务组关联数据足够多或持续时间足够长时，事务组将关闭即不再关联新的文件系统操作。然后进入第二阶段，此阶段主要实现将关联的操作数据的整体提交给分配器。提交过程中保证操作数据的原子性和一致性，即保证所有关联的操作数据都执行成功，如果有一个执行不成功，则所有关联的操作都将不执行。In order to adapt to this feature of the file system, the transaction mechanism considers a two-stage process design, as shown in Figure 3. In phase one, the transaction is associated with all operations generated by the file system to form a transaction group, and the file system assigns a transaction number to the transaction group. When the transaction group associates enough data or lasts long enough, the transaction group will be closed and will no longer be associated with new file system operations. Then it enters the second stage, which mainly realizes submitting the entirety of the associated operation data to the allocator. The atomicity and consistency of the operation data are guaranteed during the submission process, that is, all associated operation data are guaranteed to be executed successfully, and if one of the operations fails, all associated operations will not be executed.
对于上述步骤S1101，事务组会将文件系统的一组操作数据缓存与合并后，在适当的时机下盘。在下盘的时候，虚拟设备层会给每个事务组分配虚拟地址空间，并将分配信息记录在文件系统的一个对象中，形成分配记录信息。因此，根据系统快照的标识信息即事务号，就能够查找到在第一时间点到第二时间点之间对应于第一文件的分配记录信息。For the above step S1101, the business group caches and merges a set of operation data of the file system, and then removes the disk at an appropriate time. When downloading, the virtual device layer allocates virtual address space to each transaction group, and records the allocation information in an object of the file system to form allocation record information. Therefore, according to the identification information of the system snapshot, that is, the transaction number, the allocation record information corresponding to the first file between the first time point and the second time point can be found.
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一文件的分配记录信息包括第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及每个数据块在第一文件中的偏移信息。In a possible implementation manner, the allocation record information of the first file includes block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and the offset of each data block in the first file. Move information.
上述步骤S1101具体可以包括根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息。The above step S1101 may specifically include, according to the identification information of the system snapshot, searching for the block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and the location of each data block in the first file. Offset information in a file.
在一种可能的实现方式中，上述步骤S1102具体可以包括：根据所述第一文件的每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息，读取所述块虚拟地址信息对应的数据块的内容；以及根据所述每个数据块的长度信息、每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息以及读取到的每个数据块的内容，更新所述第二文件。In a possible implementation manner, the above step S1102 may specifically include: according to the block virtual address information of each data block of the first file, reading the content of the data block corresponding to the block virtual address information; The length information of each data block, the offset information of each data block in the first file, and the read content of each data block update the second file.
更新所述第二文件，主要可以包括修改第二文件的数据、删除第二文件的数据以及增加数据到第二文件中。例如，修改文件的某一数据块，首先将该数据块的内容读取到缓冲区中进行修改，然后将修改后的数据块的内容写入文件的一个空白数据块中。这时，文件系统会对文件中该数据块的元数据进行修改，以使用户通过所述元数据能够访问到文件的该数据块。同时生成分配记录信息，包括该数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及该数据块在所述文件中的偏移信息。又如，删除文件的某一数据块时，文件系统会修改该数据块的元数据，在一种可能的实现方式中，将该数据块的元数据的内容全写成0。同时生成分配记录信息，包括该数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及该数据块在所述文件中的偏移信息。这样，用户就无法通过元数据访问到该数据块，即实现了该数据块从文件中删除。又如，增加某一数据块到文件中，将该数据块的内容写入文件的一个空白数据块中。这时，文件系统还会增加该数据块的元数据，以使用户通过所述元数据能够访问到文件的该数据块。同时生成分配记录信息，包括该数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及该数据块在所述文件中的偏移信息。Updating the second file may mainly include modifying data in the second file, deleting data in the second file, and adding data to the second file. For example, to modify a certain data block of a file, first read the content of the data block into the buffer for modification, and then write the modified content of the data block into a blank data block of the file. At this time, the file system modifies the metadata of the data block in the file, so that the user can access the data block of the file through the metadata. At the same time, the allocation record information is generated, including block virtual address information, length information, identification information of the file to which the data block belongs, and offset information of the data block in the file. For another example, when a certain data block of the file is deleted, the file system will modify the metadata of the data block, and in a possible implementation manner, the contents of the metadata of the data block are all written as 0. At the same time, the allocation record information is generated, including block virtual address information, length information, identification information of the file to which the data block belongs, and offset information of the data block in the file. In this way, the user cannot access the data block through the metadata, that is, the data block is deleted from the file. For another example, add a certain data block to a file, and write the content of the data block into a blank data block in the file. At this time, the file system will also add metadata of the data block, so that the user can access the data block of the file through the metadata. At the same time, the allocation record information is generated, including block virtual address information, length information, identification information of the file to which the data block belongs, and offset information of the data block in the file.
图4为第一时间点的第一文件的结构示意图。图5为第二时间点的第一文件的结构示意图。如图4所示，在第一时间点，第一文件的内容包括数据块D1、数据块D2、数据块D3，利用第一文件的元数据可以访问数据块D1、数据块D2、数据块D3。即在第一时间点对应的系统快照的内容和图4中一样。但是，在第一时间点到第二时间点之间，用户修改了第一文件的元数据，使得第一文件增加了数据块D4，利用第一文件的元数据可以访问到数据块D4，此时，第一文件的内容如图5所示。在第二时间点，第一文件的元数据损坏，而离第二时间点最近的系统快照时间为第一时间点。因此，通过第一时间点的系统快照，可以将第一文件恢复到第一时间点的状态，即恢复到如图4所示的状态。但是，通过该恢复的元数据并不能访问到数据块D4，因此，需要利用文件系统中的分配记录信息来恢复对数据块的访问，即恢复第二时间点时第一文件的元数据。这时，可以通过查询第一时间点对应的系统快照的标识信息，即事务号，查找从第一时间点到第二时间点之间对于数据块D4的分配记录信息。根据上述分配记录信息中的数据块D4的块虚拟地址信息，读取数据块D4的块虚拟地址信息对应的内容，然后根据数据块D4的分配记录信息中的长度信息以及数据块D4在第一文件的偏移信息，将数据块D4的内容写入到所述文件系统的第二文件中，此时，这时的第二文件就相当于第一文件恢复到如图5所示的状态。将数据块D4的内容写入第二文件的过程中，文件系统即会恢复对应于数据块D4的元数据。如果从第一时间点到第二时间点之间，用户对第一文件还有其它操作，也可以根据类似的方法进行相应的元数据的恢复。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first file at a first time point. Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first file at the second time point. As shown in Figure 4, at the first time point, the content of the first file includes data block D1, data block D2, and data block D3, and the metadata of the first file can be used to access data block D1, data block D2, and data block D3 . That is, the content of the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point is the same as that in FIG. 4 . However, between the first time point and the second time point, the user modifies the metadata of the first file, so that a data block D4 is added to the first file, and the data block D4 can be accessed by using the metadata of the first file. , the content of the first file is as shown in FIG. 5 . At the second point in time, the metadata of the first file is damaged, and the time of the system snapshot closest to the second point in time is the first point in time. Therefore, through the system snapshot at the first time point, the first file can be restored to the state at the first time point, that is, to the state shown in FIG. 4 . However, the data block D4 cannot be accessed through the restored metadata. Therefore, the allocation record information in the file system needs to be used to restore the access to the data block, that is, to restore the metadata of the first file at the second time point. At this time, the allocation record information for the data block D4 from the first time point to the second time point can be found by querying the identification information of the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point, that is, the transaction number. According to the block virtual address information of the data block D4 in the above-mentioned allocation record information, read the content corresponding to the block virtual address information of the data block D4, and then according to the length information in the allocation record information of the data block D4 and the data block D4 in the first The offset information of the file is to write the content of the data block D4 into the second file of the file system. At this time, the second file at this time is equivalent to restoring the first file to the state shown in FIG. 5 . During the process of writing the content of the data block D4 into the second file, the file system restores the metadata corresponding to the data block D4. If the user has other operations on the first file between the first time point and the second time point, the corresponding metadata can also be restored according to a similar method.
本发明实施例的文件恢复方法，本发明实施例的文件恢复方法，当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点对应的系统快照中所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点为所述第二时间点之前距离最近的系统快照对应的时间点，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏对应的时间点；根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息中的分配记录信息中的块虚拟地址信息，长度信息，以及偏移信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。这样，本发明实施例提供的文件恢复方法，通过系统快照技术和文件系统的分配记录信息，就可以快速准确的恢复文件。In the file recovery method of the embodiment of the present invention, when the metadata of the first file is detected to be damaged, the content of the first file in the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point is written into the first file. The file system corresponding to the two time points forms a second file, wherein the first time point is the time point corresponding to the closest system snapshot before the second time point, and the second time point is the metadata Damage the corresponding time point; update the second file according to the block virtual address information, length information, and offset information in the allocation record information in the allocation record information of the first file, wherein the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point. In this way, the file recovery method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can quickly and accurately recover files through the system snapshot technology and the allocation record information of the file system.
实施例3Example 3
图6示出根据本发明一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图。如图6所示，该文件恢复装置60主要可以包括写入模块61以及更新模块62。写入模块61主要用于当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点的系统快照对应的所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点在所述第二时间点之前，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏的时间点。更新模块62与写入模块61连接，主要用于根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。Fig. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a file recovery device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6 , the file restoration apparatus 60 mainly includes a writing module 61 and an updating module 62 . The writing module 61 is mainly used to write the content of the first file corresponding to the system snapshot at the first time point into the file system corresponding to the second time point when detecting that the metadata of the first file is damaged, forming a second file system. file, wherein the first point in time is before the second point in time, and the second point in time is the point in time when the metadata is damaged. The updating module 62 is connected to the writing module 61, and is mainly used to update the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file, wherein the allocation record information is from the first time point to the second file. An allocation record for the first file written in the file system between two time points.
本发明实施例的文件恢复装置60能够用于执行上述实施例1的文件恢复方法，该文件恢复方法的具体流程参见实施例1的具体阐述。The file recovery apparatus 60 of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to implement the file recovery method of the above-mentioned embodiment 1. For the specific process of the file recovery method, refer to the specific description of the first embodiment.
本发明实施例的文件恢复装置，写入模块用于当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点对应的系统快照中所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点为所述第二时间点之前距离最近的系统快照对应的时间点，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏对应的时间点；更新模块用于根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。这样，本发明实施例提供的文件恢复装置，通过系统快照技术和文件系统的分配记录信息，就可以快速准确的恢复文件。In the file recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the writing module is configured to write the content of the first file in the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point to the second time point corresponding to file system to form a second file, wherein the first time point is the time point corresponding to the closest system snapshot before the second time point, and the second time point is the time corresponding to the metadata damage point; the update module is configured to update the second file according to the distribution record information of the first file, wherein the distribution record information is written between the first time point and the second time point An allocation record for the first file in the file system. In this way, the file restoration device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can quickly and accurately restore files through the system snapshot technology and the allocation record information of the file system.
实施例4Example 4
图7示出根据本发明另一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图。图7中标号与图6相同的组件具有相同的功能，为简明起见，省略对这些组件的详细说明。Fig. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a file recovery device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Components with the same numbers in FIG. 7 as those in FIG. 6 have the same functions, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of these components are omitted.
如图7所示，图7所示的文件恢复装置70与图6所示的文件恢复装置60的主要区别在于，更新模块62主要可以包括查找单元621以及更新单元622。查找单元621主要用于根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息；更新单元622与查找单元621连接，主要根据所述查找单元621查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件。As shown in FIG. 7 , the main difference between the file recovery device 70 shown in FIG. 7 and the file recovery device 60 shown in FIG. 6 is that the update module 62 mainly includes a search unit 621 and an update unit 622 . The search unit 621 is mainly used to search the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot; the update unit 622 is connected to the search unit 621, and mainly updates the second allocation record information according to the allocation record information found by the search unit 621 document.
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述分配记录信息包括所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息。In a possible implementation manner, the allocation record information includes block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and the location of each data block in the first file. Offset information in the file.
在一种可能的实现方式中，查找单元621具体用于根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息；更新单元622用于根据所述第一文件的每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息，读取所述块虚拟地址信息对应的数据块的内容；以及用于根据所述每个数据块的长度信息、每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息以及读取到的每个数据块的内容，更新所述第二文件。In a possible implementation manner, the search unit 621 is specifically configured to, according to the identification information of the system snapshot, search for block virtual address information, length information, file identification information, and all data blocks of each data block in the first file. The offset information of each data block in the first file; the update unit 622 is configured to read the data corresponding to the block virtual address information according to the block virtual address information of each data block in the first file block content; and for updating the second file according to the length information of each data block, the offset information of each data block in the first file, and the read content of each data block document.
本发明实施例的文件恢复装置70能够用于执行上述实施例2的文件恢复方法，该文件恢复方法的具体流程参见实施例2的具体阐述。The file recovery apparatus 70 of the embodiment of the present invention can be used to execute the file recovery method of the above-mentioned embodiment 2. For the specific process of the file recovery method, refer to the specific description of the second embodiment.
本发明实施例的文件恢复装置，写入模块用于当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点对应的系统快照中所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，其中，所述第一时间点为所述第二时间点之前距离最近的系统快照对应的时间点，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏对应的时间点；更新模块用于根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。这样，本发明实施例提供的文件恢复装置，通过系统快照技术和文件系统的分配记录信息，就可以快速准确的恢复文件。In the file recovery device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the writing module is configured to write the content of the first file in the system snapshot corresponding to the first time point to the second time point corresponding to file system to form a second file, wherein the first time point is the time point corresponding to the closest system snapshot before the second time point, and the second time point is the time corresponding to the metadata damage point; the update module is configured to update the second file according to the distribution record information of the first file, wherein the distribution record information is written between the first time point and the second time point An allocation record for the first file in the file system. In this way, the file restoration device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can quickly and accurately restore files through the system snapshot technology and the allocation record information of the file system.
实施例5Example 5
图8示出根据本发明又一实施例的文件恢复装置的结构框图。文件恢复装置800可以是具备计算能力的主机服务器、个人计算机PC、或者可携带的便携式计算机或终端等。本发明具体实施例并不对计算节点的具体实现做限定。Fig. 8 shows a structural block diagram of a file restoration device according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. The file recovery apparatus 800 may be a host server with computing capabilities, a personal computer PC, or a portable portable computer or terminal. The specific embodiments of the present invention do not limit the specific implementation of the computing nodes.
文件恢复装置800包括处理器（processor）810、通信接口（CommunicationsInterface）820、存储器（memory）830和总线840。其中，处理器810、通信接口820、以及存储器830通过总线840完成相互间的通信。The file recovery apparatus 800 includes a processor (processor) 810 , a communication interface (Communications Interface) 820 , a memory (memory) 830 and a bus 840 . Wherein, the processor 810 , the communication interface 820 , and the memory 830 communicate with each other through the bus 840 .
通信接口820用于与网络设备通信，其中网络设备包括例如虚拟机管理中心、共享存储等。The communication interface 820 is used for communicating with network devices, where the network devices include, for example, a virtual machine management center, shared storage, and the like.
处理器810用于执行程序。处理器810可能是一个中央处理器CPU，或者是专用集成电路ASIC（Application Specific Integrated Circuit），或者是被配置成实施本发明实施例的一个或多个集成电路。The processor 810 is used to execute programs. The processor 810 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention.
存储器830用于存放文件。存储器830可能包含高速RAM存储器，也可能还包括非易失性存储器（non-volatile memory），例如至少一个磁盘存储器。存储器830也可以是存储器阵列。存储器830还可能被分块，并且所述块可按一定的规则组合成虚拟卷。The storage 830 is used to store files. The memory 830 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. Memory 830 may also be a memory array. Storage 830 may also be partitioned, and the blocks may be combined into virtual volumes according to certain rules.
在一种可能的实施方式中，上述程序可为包括计算机操作指令的程序代码。该程序用于写重定向ROW型文件系统，所述文件系统用于管理和存储文件，该程序具体可用于：In a possible implementation manner, the above program may be a program code including computer operation instructions. This program is used for writing redirection ROW type file system, and described file system is used for managing and storing files, and this program can be specifically used for:
当检测到第一文件的元数据损坏时，将第一时间点的系统快照对应的所述第一文件的内容写入第二时间点对应的文件系统，形成第二文件，When it is detected that the metadata of the first file is damaged, the content of the first file corresponding to the system snapshot at the first time point is written into the file system corresponding to the second time point to form a second file,
其中，所述第一时间点在所述第二时间点之前，所述第二时间点为所述元数据损坏的时间点；Wherein, the first time point is before the second time point, and the second time point is the time point when the metadata is damaged;
根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file,
其中，所述分配记录信息是在所述第一时间点到所述第二时间点之间写入所述文件系统中的针对所述第一文件的分配记录。Wherein, the allocation record information is an allocation record for the first file written in the file system between the first time point and the second time point.
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述第一文件的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，包括：In a possible implementation manner, the updating the second file according to the allocation record information of the first file includes:
根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息；Searching for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot;
根据查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件。The second file is updated according to the found allocation record information.
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述分配记录信息包括所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息。In a possible implementation manner, the allocation record information includes block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file, and the location of each data block in the first file. Offset information in the file.
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述分配记录信息，包括：In a possible implementation manner, the searching for the allocation record information according to the identification information of the system snapshot includes:
根据所述系统快照的标识信息，查找所述第一文件中每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息、长度信息、所属文件标识信息以及所述每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息；Find the block virtual address information, length information, file identification information of each data block in the first file and the offset of each data block in the first file according to the identification information of the system snapshot information;
根据查找到的分配记录信息，更新所述第二文件，包括：Updating the second file according to the found allocation record information, including:
根据所述第一文件的每个数据块的块虚拟地址信息，读取所述块虚拟地址信息对应的数据块的内容；According to the block virtual address information of each data block of the first file, read the content of the data block corresponding to the block virtual address information;
根据所述每个数据块的长度信息、每个数据块在所述第一文件中的偏移信息以及读取到的每个数据块的内容，更新所述第二文件。The second file is updated according to the length information of each data block, the offset information of each data block in the first file, and the read content of each data block.
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，本文所描述的实施例中的各示例性单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件形式来实现，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以针对特定的应用选择不同的方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。Those skilled in the art can appreciate that each exemplary unit and algorithm steps in the embodiments described herein can be realized by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in the form of hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art may choose different methods to implement the described functions for specific applications, but this implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present invention.
如果以计算机软件的形式来实现所述功能并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，则在一定程度上可认为本发明的技术方案的全部或部分（例如对现有技术做出贡献的部分）是以计算机软件产品的形式体现的。该计算机软件产品通常存储在计算机可读取的非易失性存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得计算机设备（可以是个人计算机、服务器、或者网络设备等）执行本发明各实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器（ROM，Read-Only Memory）、随机存取存储器（RAM，Random Access Memory）、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。If the functions are implemented in the form of computer software and sold or used as an independent product, it can be considered that all or part of the technical solution of the present invention (such as the part that contributes to the prior art) is In the form of computer software products. The computer software product is usually stored in a computer-readable non-volatile storage medium, and includes several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. or partial steps. The aforementioned storage media include various media capable of storing program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk.
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN201310582886.0AActiveCN103617097B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | File access pattern method and device |
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