技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种主要应用于城市楼宇、园区、社区等建筑上的微网镍氢电池储能系统。The invention relates to a micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system mainly used in urban buildings, parks, communities and other buildings.
背景技术Background technique
城市经济发展引发了一系列的社会问题，如人口增长、能源危机、环境污染、自然灾害等，其中城市用电短缺尤为严重。Urban economic development has caused a series of social problems, such as population growth, energy crisis, environmental pollution, natural disasters, etc., among which the shortage of electricity in cities is particularly serious.
城市用电问题具体表现在以下方面：城市用电紧张，大规模的停电和缺电，碳排放的居高不下；计划用电与发电不匹配，用电负荷时段不均匀，造成供需矛盾和资源浪费；新能源的应用比例低，例如风能、太阳能的入网比例低，而电网消纳更低，新能源的浪费严重。The problem of urban electricity consumption is manifested in the following aspects: urban electricity shortage, large-scale power outages and power shortages, high carbon emissions; mismatch between planned electricity consumption and power generation, and uneven electricity load periods, resulting in contradictions between supply and demand and resources. Waste; the proportion of new energy applications is low, such as the low proportion of wind energy and solar energy connected to the grid, while the consumption of the grid is lower, and the waste of new energy is serious.
传统的解决方案如建设火电站、建设抽水蓄能电站、城市间电力调配方式仍然没有摆脱传统的能源生产和利用方式，不能从根本上解决问题。Traditional solutions such as building thermal power plants, building pumped storage power plants, and inter-city power distribution methods still have not got rid of traditional energy production and utilization methods, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem.
大力发展基于用户侧的微网系统，提高可再生能源和新能源的利用率，提升能源的利用效率，减少碳排放，正逐渐成为共识。微网系统是以集成3S(BMS+PCS+EMS)技术为核心，由分布式新能源发电系统、分布式储能平台、负荷节能系统、能源管理系统汇集而成的小型发、配、储、输、送的电力系统，既可以与外部电网并网运行，也可以孤立运行。It is gradually becoming a consensus to vigorously develop the micro-grid system based on the user side, improve the utilization rate of renewable energy and new energy, improve the efficiency of energy utilization, and reduce carbon emissions. The micro-grid system is based on the integrated 3S (BMS+PCS+EMS) technology, and is composed of distributed new energy generation systems, distributed energy storage platforms, load energy saving systems, and energy management systems. The power system for transmission and transmission can either run in parallel with the external power grid or run in isolation.
电池储能系统作为分布式储能平台的重要组成部分，起着高效调配供电和用电之间的矛盾，通过电池储能系统的能量存储和释放来实现能量供需平衡和微网功率平衡，可以有效解决分布式发电的间隙性、不稳定性、低可靠性、低安全性的缺陷，是微网系统的关键子系统。但是，电池储能系统也存在成本偏高，需要大量的电池进行串并联以实现规模化能量存储和释放能力，需要进行较为复杂的管理和均衡，以提高电池储能系统的安全性、可靠性。As an important part of the distributed energy storage platform, the battery energy storage system plays a role in efficiently deploying the contradiction between power supply and electricity consumption. Through the energy storage and release of the battery energy storage system, the balance of energy supply and demand and the power balance of the microgrid can be achieved. It is a key subsystem of the microgrid system to effectively solve the defects of intermittent, unstable, low reliability, and low security of distributed power generation. However, battery energy storage systems also have high costs, requiring a large number of batteries to be connected in series and parallel to achieve large-scale energy storage and release capabilities, and more complex management and balancing are required to improve the safety and reliability of battery energy storage systems .
采用高容量单体电池以减少电池储能系统电池的单体电池的串并联数量，但是单体电池高容量化制造是一个大问题，其单体电池之间的一致性往往较差；采用双向DC-DC，解决单体电池经过串联形成高电压电池串后再进行间接并联连接，但是双向DC-DC的引入，降低了电池储能系统的效率，而且双向DC-DC之间的并联同样存在均流和控制的难题；采用BMS(电池管理系统)中设置均衡管理模块，对电池储能系统进行均衡充电或放电管理，以维持单体电池之间的相对一致性，以保证电池储能系统能够提供能量存储和释放的功能，但是这种方式往往带来均衡管理成本高、均衡效率低的问题。High-capacity single cells are used to reduce the number of series-parallel connection of single cells in the battery energy storage system, but the high-capacity manufacturing of single cells is a big problem, and the consistency between the single cells is often poor; the use of two-way DC-DC solves the problem of indirect parallel connection after single batteries are connected in series to form a high-voltage battery string, but the introduction of bidirectional DC-DC reduces the efficiency of the battery energy storage system, and the parallel connection between bidirectional DC-DC also exists The problem of current sharing and control; use the BMS (battery management system) to set up a balance management module to perform balanced charge or discharge management on the battery energy storage system, so as to maintain the relative consistency between the single batteries and ensure the battery energy storage system It can provide the function of energy storage and release, but this method often brings the problems of high equalization management cost and low equalization efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明旨在克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷，提供一种并联成组简单，均衡管理简单有效，投入成本低的微网镍氢电池储能系统。本发明通过以下方案实现。The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, and provides a micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system with simple parallel connection, simple and effective equalization management, and low investment cost. The present invention is realized through the following schemes.
一种微网镍氢电池储能系统，多个并联电连接的镍氢电池柜、并联控制柜、能量转换系统、交流配电柜、市电依次双向电连接；交流配电柜还与用电负荷端单向电连接，也与充电/放电机双向电连接；电池管理系统一端与能量管理系统双向连接，另一端则分别与镍氢电池柜、并联控制柜、能量转换系统、充电/放电机双向连接；所述能量管理系统分别与能量转换系统、充电/放电机双向连接；所述能量转换系统，其交流端通过交流配电柜与市电相连接。A micro-grid nickel-hydrogen battery energy storage system, a plurality of parallel-connected nickel-hydrogen battery cabinets, parallel control cabinets, energy conversion systems, AC power distribution cabinets, and mains are sequentially electrically connected in two directions; the AC power distribution cabinet is also connected to the power consumption The load end is electrically connected in one direction, and is also electrically connected in two directions with the charging/discharging machine; one end of the battery management system is connected in two directions with the energy management system, and the other end is connected with the Ni-MH battery cabinet, the parallel control cabinet, the energy conversion system, and the charging/discharging machine. Two-way connection; the energy management system is respectively connected to the energy conversion system and the charging/discharging machine in two directions; the AC end of the energy conversion system is connected to the mains through an AC power distribution cabinet.
多个镍氢电池柜之间通过并联控制柜进行并联电连接，所述镍氢电池柜包括多个电池托、柜体、连接电缆，所述电池托包括多个电池包。Multiple nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets are electrically connected in parallel through a parallel control cabinet. The nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet includes multiple battery holders, cabinet bodies, and connecting cables, and the battery holder includes multiple battery packs.
交流配电柜，主要实现提供交流电、继电保护、数据计量。The AC power distribution cabinet mainly realizes the provision of AC power, relay protection, and data metering.
所述能量转换系统又称为PCS，是一种双向电力电子变流器，可以将直流电转换为交流电送入交流电网从而实现给电池储能系统放电，也可以将交流电转换为直流电给电池储能系统充电。The energy conversion system, also known as PCS, is a bidirectional power electronic converter, which can convert DC power into AC power and send it to the AC grid to discharge the battery energy storage system, and can also convert AC power into DC power for battery energy storage. System charging.
所述充电/放电机，也是一种变流装置，功率比PCS要小很多，可以将直流电转换为交流电送入交流电网从而实现给电池储能系统放电，也可以将交流电转换为直流电给电池储能系统充电。充电/放电机与镍氢电池柜双向电连接，镍氢电池柜正极端与充电/放电机正极端的连接电路上设置有熔断器，镍氢电池柜负极端与充电/放电机负极端的连接电路上设置有可接受远程信息控制的智能开关如直流继电器或直流接触器或IGBT即双极绝缘栅极型晶体管。The charging/discharging machine is also a converter device with much smaller power than PCS. It can convert DC power into AC power and send it to the AC grid to discharge the battery energy storage system. It can also convert AC power into DC power for battery storage. can charge the system. The charging/discharging machine is electrically connected to the Ni-MH battery cabinet in two directions. A fuse is provided on the connection circuit between the positive terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet and the positive terminal of the charging/discharging machine. The negative terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet is connected to the negative terminal of the charging/discharging machine. The circuit is equipped with an intelligent switch that can be controlled by remote information, such as a DC relay or a DC contactor, or an IGBT, that is, a bipolar insulated gate transistor.
所述并联控制柜包括多个第一单向二极管和第二单向二极管、多个可接受远程信息控制的第一智能开关和第二智能开关如直流继电器或直流接触器或IGBT即双极绝缘栅极型晶体管、多个熔断器FUSE，主要实现电池柜的并联或断开并联。第一单向二极管与第一智能开关并联后与熔断器串联，然后连接到镍氢电池柜的正极端，形成电路；第二单向二极管与第二智能开关并联后，连接到镍氢电池柜的负极端，形成电路。The parallel control cabinet includes a plurality of first unidirectional diodes and second unidirectional diodes, a plurality of first intelligent switches and second intelligent switches that can be controlled by remote information, such as DC relays or DC contactors or IGBTs, that is, bipolar insulation Gate-type transistors and multiple fuses FUSE mainly realize the parallel connection or disconnection of battery cabinets. The first unidirectional diode is connected in parallel with the first intelligent switch and connected in series with the fuse, and then connected to the positive terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet to form a circuit; the second unidirectional diode is connected in parallel with the second smart switch and connected to the Ni-MH battery cabinet negative terminal to form a circuit.
所述电池管理系统BMS，主要监测电池的电压、电流、温度、带电状态SOC、健康状态SOH、开关状态等信息，将这些信息反馈至能量管理系统EMS，接受能量管理系统EMS的指令，导通或断开并联控制柜内相应的智能开关，协同能量转换系统PCS进行充电或放电工作；或导通或断开连接充电/放电机电线路的智能开关，协同充电/放电机进行充电或放电工作，实现对特定镍氢电池柜的均衡维护。The battery management system BMS mainly monitors information such as battery voltage, current, temperature, charge state SOC, health state SOH, switch state, etc., feeds back these information to the energy management system EMS, accepts the instructions of the energy management system EMS, and conducts Or disconnect the corresponding intelligent switch in the parallel control cabinet, and cooperate with the energy conversion system PCS to perform charging or discharging work; or turn on or disconnect the intelligent switch connected to the charging/discharging electromechanical circuit, and cooperate with the charging/discharging machine to perform charging or discharging work, Achieve balanced maintenance of specific NiMH battery cabinets.
一种微网镍氢电池储能系统，具有可在并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式、均衡维护模式中的一种模式下运行的功能，或者具有可在均衡维护模式与并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式三种模式的任意耦合中的一种模式下运行的功能。A micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system, which has the function of operating in one of parallel charging mode, parallel discharging mode, parallel standby mode, and balanced maintenance mode, or has the function of operating in balanced maintenance mode and parallel charging mode , Parallel discharge mode, parallel standby mode, the function of running in any coupling mode of the three modes.
满足以下条件时并联充电模式运行：(1)电池管理系统接收到能量管理系统要求进入充电模式的指令要求，(2)镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，电池管理系统无错误和报警信息，(3)能量转换系统无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电功能要求的异常情况。Run in parallel charging mode when the following conditions are met: (1) The battery management system receives an instruction request from the energy management system to enter the charging mode, (2) The Ni-MH battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, or abnormal insulation , abnormal communication, etc., the battery management system has no error and alarm information, (3) the energy conversion system has no error and alarm information, that is, there is no abnormal situation that does not meet the charging function requirements.
满足以下条件时并联放电模式运行：(1)电池管理系统接收到能量管理系统要求进入放电模式的指令要求，(2)镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，电池管理系统无错误和报警信息，(3)能量转换系统无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足放电功能要求的异常情况。Run in parallel discharge mode when the following conditions are met: (1) The battery management system receives an instruction request from the energy management system to enter the discharge mode, (2) The Ni-MH battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, or abnormal insulation , abnormal communication, etc., the battery management system has no error and alarm information, (3) the energy conversion system has no error and alarm information, that is, there is no abnormal situation that does not meet the requirements of the discharge function.
满足以下条件时并联待机模式运行：(1)电池管理系统接收到能量管理系统要求进入待机模式的指令要求，(2)镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，或者镍氢电池柜已经处于充满(如带电状态SOC为100％或已经达到充电的正常截止条件)或放空状态(如带电状态SOC为0％或已经达到放电的正常截止条件)，电池管理系统无错误和报警信息。Run in parallel standby mode when the following conditions are met: (1) The battery management system receives an instruction request from the energy management system to enter the standby mode, (2) The Ni-MH battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, or abnormal insulation , abnormal communication, etc., or the Ni-MH battery cabinet is already fully charged (for example, the charged state SOC is 100% or the normal cut-off condition for charging has been reached) or empty state (for example, the charged state SOC is 0% or the normal cut-off condition for discharge has been reached) , the battery management system has no error and alarm information.
满足以下条件时均衡维护模式运行：(1)某个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC值与多个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC平均值之间的差值达到15％以上；或者某个镍氢电池柜电压偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜内单体电池最小电压Vmin与单体电池最大电压Vmax之间的差值在镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC值为15％时候达到40*nmv以上，其中n为所述某个镍氢电池柜内单体电池的数量；或者某个镍氢电池柜记忆效应过大即某个镍氢电池柜以某一同等倍率放电至单体电池平均电压达到1200*nmv时候的镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC值，与上一次均衡结束后第一次以相同倍率放电至单体电池平均电压达到1200*nmv时候的镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC值的差值达到15％以上，其中n为所述某个镍氢电池柜内单体电池的数量；或者某个镍氢电池柜电流偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜的充电或放电电流I与多个镍氢电池柜平均电流Iave之间满足：(I-Iave)/Iave的绝对值大于50％；(2)充电/放电机无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电或放电功能要求的异常情况。The balanced maintenance mode runs when the following conditions are met: (1) The SOC deviation of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large, that is, the difference between the SOC value of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet and the average value of the SOC of multiple Ni-MH battery cabinets The difference reaches more than 15%; or the voltage deviation of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large, that is, the difference between the minimum voltage Vmin of a single battery in a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet and the maximum voltage Vmax of a single battery is charged in the Ni-MH battery cabinet. When the state SOC value is 15%, it reaches above 40*nmv, where n is the number of single batteries in a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet; or the memory effect of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large, that is, a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet The SOC value of the charged state of the Ni-MH battery cabinet when the average voltage of the single battery reaches 1200*nmv when it is discharged at a certain rate at the same rate is the same as when the average voltage of the single battery reaches 1200*nmv when it is discharged at the same rate for the first time after the last equalization The difference between the SOC value of the charged state of the Ni-MH battery cabinet reaches more than 15%, where n is the number of single batteries in the certain Ni-MH battery cabinet; or the current deviation of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large The charging or discharging current I of the hydrogen battery cabinet and the average current Iave of multiple nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets meet: the absolute value of (I-Iave)/Iave is greater than 50%; (2) the charging/discharging machine has no error and alarm information There are no abnormal conditions that do not meet the requirements for charging or discharging functions.
满足以下条件时均衡维护模式与并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式任意一种耦合的耦合模式运行，(1)微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式、并联充电模式、并联放电模式中的一种模式；(2)某个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC值与多个镍氢电池柜SOC平均值之间的差值达到15％以上；或者某个镍氢电池柜电压偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜内单体电池最小电压Vmin与单体电池最大电压Vmax之间的差值在镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC为15％时候达到40*nmv以上，其中n为所述某个镍氢电池柜内单体电池的数量；或者某个镍氢电池柜电流偏差过大即某个镍氢电池柜充电或放电电流I与多个镍氢电池柜平均电流Iave之间满足：(I-Iave)/Iave的绝对值大于50％。When the following conditions are met, the balanced maintenance mode and any one of the parallel charging mode, parallel discharging mode, and parallel standby mode are coupled to run in the coupling mode. (1) The microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in the parallel standby mode, parallel charging mode, and parallel discharging mode One of the modes; (2) The SOC deviation of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large, that is, the difference between the SOC value of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet and the average value of the SOC of multiple Ni-MH battery cabinets reaches 15 % or more; or the voltage deviation of a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet is too large, that is, the difference between the minimum voltage Vmin of a single battery in a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet and the maximum voltage Vmax of a single battery is 15 when the SOC of a Ni-MH battery cabinet is charged. % reaches above 40*nmv, where n is the number of single cells in a certain Ni-MH battery cabinet; The average current Iave of multiple nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets satisfies: the absolute value of (I-Iave)/Iave is greater than 50%.
本发明的微网镍氢电池储能系统的运行过程如下：The operating process of the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system of the present invention is as follows:
当能量管理系统EMS接收到电池管理系统BMS状态正常的信息时，能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出待机指令，之后电池管理系统BMS向并联控制柜发出导通智能开关的指令，智能开关导通，各镍氢电池柜依次实现导通，形成并联，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式。When the energy management system EMS receives the information that the state of the battery management system BMS is normal, the energy management system EMS sends a standby instruction to the battery management system BMS, and then the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to turn on the smart switch to the parallel control cabinet, and the smart switch turns on Each nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet is connected in turn to form a parallel connection. At this time, the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system is in the parallel standby mode.
当能量管理系统EMS接收到能量转换系统PCS状态正常信息，依据充电和放电的控制策略要求，能量管理系统EMS形成了充电的控制指令，并将充电指令下达到电池管理系统BMS和能量转换系统PCS，如果微网镍氢电池储能系统此时不处于并联待机模式，则先执行并联待机模式相关指令动作，实现各镍氢电池柜的并联，如果微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式，则由能量转换系统PCS将交流电转换为直流电给镍氢电池柜充电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联充电模式。当各镍氢电池柜已经处于充满(如带电状态SOC为100％或已经达到充电的正常截止条件)，则能量转换系统PCS的充电功率降为零，停止对各镍氢电池柜充电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统恢复到并联待机模式。When the energy management system EMS receives the normal state information of the energy conversion system PCS, according to the control strategy requirements of charging and discharging, the energy management system EMS forms a charging control command, and sends the charging command to the battery management system BMS and the energy conversion system PCS , if the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is not in the parallel standby mode at this time, first execute the relevant command actions of the parallel standby mode to realize the parallel connection of each Ni-MH battery cabinet. If the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in the parallel standby mode , the energy conversion system PCS converts AC power into DC power to charge the Ni-MH battery cabinet. At this time, the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in parallel charging mode. When each Ni-MH battery cabinet has been fully charged (such as the charged state SOC is 100% or has reached the normal cut-off condition for charging), the charging power of the energy conversion system PCS is reduced to zero, and the charging of each Ni-MH battery cabinet is stopped. The microgrid nickel metal hydride battery energy storage system returns to the parallel standby mode.
当能量管理系统EMS接收到能量转换系统PCS状态正常信息，依据充电和放电的控制策略要求，能量管理系统EMS形成了放电的控制指令，能量管理系统EMS将放电指令下达到电池管理系统BMS和能量转换系统PCS，如果微网镍氢电池储能系统此时不处于并联待机模式，则先执行并联待机模式相关指令动作，实现各镍氢电池柜的并联，如果微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式，则由能量转换系统PCS直流电转换为交流电给镍氢电池柜放电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联放电模式。当各镍氢电池柜已经处于放空状态(如带电状态SOC为0％或已经达到放电的正常截止条件)，则能量转换系统PCS放电功率降为零，停止对各镍氢电池柜放电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统恢复到并联待机模式。When the energy management system EMS receives the normal status information of the energy conversion system PCS, according to the control strategy requirements of charging and discharging, the energy management system EMS forms a discharge control command, and the energy management system EMS sends the discharge command to the battery management system BMS and energy Conversion system PCS, if the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system is not in parallel standby mode at this time, first execute the relevant command actions of parallel standby mode to realize the parallel connection of each nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet, if the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system is in In parallel standby mode, the energy conversion system PCS converts DC power into AC power to discharge the Ni-MH battery cabinet. At this time, the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in parallel discharge mode. When each Ni-MH battery cabinet has been in the empty state (such as the charged state SOC is 0% or has reached the normal cut-off condition of discharge), the energy conversion system PCS discharge power is reduced to zero, and the discharge of each Ni-MH battery cabinet is stopped. At this time The microgrid nickel metal hydride battery energy storage system returns to the parallel standby mode.
当某个镍氢电池柜出现了带电状态SOC偏差过大或者电压偏差过大或者电流偏差过大或者记忆效应过大时，能量管理系统EMS先确认充电/放电机无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电或放电功能要求的异常情况，然后能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出对该镍氢电池柜均衡维护工作指令，电池管理系统BMS将指令发给并联控制柜断开并联该镍氢电池柜的智能开关，电池管理系统BMS接收到并联控制柜断开智能开关的信息后，给充电/放电机发出导通指令，能量管理系统EMS接收到电池管理系统BMS传回的断开并联控制柜的智能开关、导通充电/放电机的信息后，能量管理系统EMS向充电/放电机发出充电或放电功率指令，充电/放电机进行逆变工作，对该镍氢电池柜进行充电或放电操作，微网镍氢电池储能系统进入均衡维护模式。When a Ni-MH battery cabinet has a charged state SOC deviation is too large or a voltage deviation is too large or a current deviation is too large or the memory effect is too large, the energy management system EMS first confirms that the charging/discharging machine has no error and alarm information does not exist In the case of an abnormal situation that does not meet the requirements of charging or discharging functions, the energy management system EMS then sends an order to the battery management system BMS for balanced maintenance of the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet, and the battery management system BMS sends an order to the parallel control cabinet to disconnect the parallel-connected nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet. For the smart switch of the battery cabinet, the battery management system BMS sends a conduction command to the charging/discharging machine after receiving the information that the parallel control cabinet disconnects the smart switch, and the energy management system EMS receives the disconnection parallel control sent back by the battery management system BMS After the intelligent switch of the cabinet and the information of the charging/discharging machine are turned on, the energy management system EMS sends a charging or discharging power command to the charging/discharging machine, and the charging/discharging machine performs inverter work to charge or discharge the Ni-MH battery cabinet operation, the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system enters the balanced maintenance mode.
当微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式、并联充电模式、并联放电模式中的一种模式，当某个镍氢电池柜出现了带电状态SOC偏差过大或者电压偏差过大或者电流偏差过大时，电池管理系统BMS发送并联断开指令给并联控制柜，首先将带电状态偏差或者电压偏差或者电流偏差最大的那个镍氢电池柜的智能开关断开，切断该镍氢电池柜与其它镍氢电池柜的并联，该镍氢电池柜信息经由电池管理系统BMS采集，并发送至能量管理系统EMS，由能量管理系统EMS按照事先设置的均衡策略进行决策，进入到相应的均衡维护模式，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统就处于均衡维护模式与并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式任意一种耦合的耦合模式。When the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in one of the parallel standby mode, parallel charging mode, and parallel discharging mode, when a Ni-MH battery cabinet has a charged state SOC deviation is too large or the voltage deviation is too large or the current deviation is too large When it is too large, the battery management system BMS sends a parallel disconnection command to the parallel control cabinet, firstly disconnect the smart switch of the Ni-MH battery cabinet with the largest charged state deviation or voltage deviation or current deviation, and cut off the Ni-MH battery cabinet from other For the parallel connection of nickel-hydrogen battery cabinets, the information of the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets is collected by the battery management system BMS and sent to the energy management system EMS. The energy management system EMS makes decisions according to the balance strategy set in advance and enters the corresponding balance maintenance mode. At this time, the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in the balanced maintenance mode and any coupling mode of parallel charging mode, parallel discharging mode, and parallel standby mode.
与现有技术相比，本发明的微网镍氢电池储能系统，具有以下特点和优点：Compared with the prior art, the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:
1、有利于微网镍氢电池储能系统的规模化扩展。本发明以较低的成本，较好的解决了微网镍氢电池储能系统规模化过程中，需进行大量并联控制的问题。通过并联控制柜的设置，既实现了并联的功能，又能有效保障电池的安全性和系统的可靠性。1. It is conducive to the large-scale expansion of the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system. The invention preferably solves the problem that a large amount of parallel control is required in the scale-up process of the micro-grid nickel-hydrogen battery energy storage system at a relatively low cost. Through the setting of the parallel control cabinet, not only the function of parallel connection is realized, but also the safety of the battery and the reliability of the system can be effectively guaranteed.
2、有利于微网镍氢电池储能系统的高效均衡和高效利用。独立的充电/放电机和均衡电路的设置，可以在基本不影响微网镍氢电池储能系统整体运行工作的前提下，对镍氢电池储能系统的局部进行均衡维护处理，具有非常高的灵活性，有效克服了镍氢电池记忆效应、容量偏低的缺点。2. It is conducive to the efficient balance and efficient utilization of the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system. The setting of the independent charging/discharging machine and equalizing circuit can carry out balanced maintenance on the part of the Ni-MH battery energy storage system without affecting the overall operation of the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system, which has a very high Flexibility effectively overcomes the shortcomings of memory effect and low capacity of Ni-MH batteries.
3、有利于微网镍氢电池储能系统的安全性。并联控制柜和独立均衡设备和电路的设置，以及系统工作模式和策略的设置，能较好避免镍氢电池储能系统性能的恶化，解决电流偏差大、电压偏差大等现象，使得系统始终处于一个可靠和相对稳定的状态，极大提升了微网镍氢电池储能系统的安全性。3. It is beneficial to the safety of the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system. The setting of parallel control cabinets and independent equalization equipment and circuits, as well as the setting of system working mode and strategy can better avoid the deterioration of the performance of the nickel metal hydride battery energy storage system, solve the phenomenon of large current deviation and large voltage deviation, so that the system is always in the A reliable and relatively stable state greatly improves the safety of the microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1实施例1中微网镍氢电池储能系统结构示意图Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the microgrid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system in Example 1
图2实施例1中电池柜的结构示意图Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cabinet in Example 1
图3实施例1中电池托的结构示意图Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery holder in Figure 3 Example 1
图4实施例1中微网镍氢电池储能系统的工作原理图Fig. 4 Working principle diagram of the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system in Example 1
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明并不局限于实施例之表述。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, but the present invention is not limited to the expressions of the examples.
实施例1Example 1
一种微网镍氢电池储能系统，如图1所示，L个并联电连接的镍氢电池柜、并联控制柜、能量转换系统、交流配电柜、市电依次双向电连接；交流配电柜还与用电负荷端单向电连接，也与充电/放电机双向电连接；充电/放电机与镍氢电池柜双向电连接；电池管理系统采用TCP/IP与能量管理系统实现双向通信连接，电池管理系统采用RS485分别与并联控制柜、能量转换系统、充电/放电机实现双向通信连接，电池管理系统采用CAN2.0B与镍氢电池柜实现双向通信连接；能量管理系统采用RS485分别与能量转换系统、充电/放电机实现双向通信连接；能量转换系统，其交流端通过交流配电柜与市电相连接。A micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system, as shown in Figure 1, L parallel electrically connected nickel-hydrogen battery cabinets, parallel control cabinets, energy conversion systems, AC power distribution cabinets, and mains are sequentially connected bidirectionally; The electric cabinet is also electrically connected to the load terminal in one direction, and is also electrically connected to the charging/discharging machine in two directions; the charging/discharging machine is electrically connected to the Ni-MH battery cabinet in two directions; the battery management system uses TCP/IP to realize two-way communication with the energy management system Connection, the battery management system uses RS485 to realize two-way communication connection with the parallel control cabinet, energy conversion system, and charging/discharging machine respectively; the battery management system uses CAN2.0B to realize two-way communication connection with the Ni-MH battery cabinet; The energy conversion system and the charging/discharging machine realize two-way communication connection; the AC end of the energy conversion system is connected to the mains through the AC power distribution cabinet.
L个镍氢电池柜之间通过并联控制柜进行并联电连接。如图2所示，镍氢电池柜包括M个相互串联的电池托；如图3所示，电池托包括N个相互串联的电池包；其中L、M、N为自然数。The L nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets are electrically connected in parallel through a parallel control cabinet. As shown in Figure 2, the Ni-MH battery cabinet includes M battery trays connected in series; as shown in Figure 3, the battery tray includes N battery packs connected in series; where L, M, and N are natural numbers.
如图4所示，充电/放电机的正极端与镍氢电池柜的正极端电连接并在连接电路上设置有熔断器，充电/放电机的负极端与镍氢电池柜的负极端电连接并在连接电路上设置有可接受远程信息控制的智能开关如直流继电器或直流接触器或IGBT即双极绝缘栅极型晶体管。As shown in Figure 4, the positive terminal of the charging/discharging machine is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet and a fuse is provided on the connecting circuit, and the negative terminal of the charging/discharging machine is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet And the connecting circuit is provided with an intelligent switch that can accept remote information control, such as a DC relay or a DC contactor or an IGBT, that is, a bipolar insulated gate transistor.
如图4中所示的并联控制柜，包括m/2个第一单向二极管D和m/2个第二单向二极管D、m个智能开关K及m/2熔断器FUSE，其中m为电池柜数量L的2倍。一个第一单向二极管D与一个第一智能开关K并联后与一个熔断器FUSE串联，然后连接到镍氢电池柜的正极端，形成m/2条电路并联接入能量转换系统PCS提供的直流正极端A；一个第二单向二极管D与一个第二智能开关K并联后，连接到镍氢电池柜的负极端，形成m/2条电路并联接入能量转换系统PCS提供的直流负极端B。The parallel control cabinet shown in Figure 4 includes m/2 first unidirectional diodes D and m/2 second unidirectional diodes D, m smart switches K and m/2 fuses FUSE, where m is Twice the number L of battery cabinets. A first unidirectional diode D is connected in parallel with a first intelligent switch K and then connected in series with a fuse FUSE, and then connected to the positive terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet to form m/2 circuits connected in parallel to the DC provided by the energy conversion system PCS Positive terminal A; a second unidirectional diode D is connected in parallel with a second intelligent switch K, and then connected to the negative terminal of the Ni-MH battery cabinet to form m/2 circuits connected in parallel to the DC negative terminal B provided by the energy conversion system PCS .
微网镍氢电池储能系统，具有可在并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式、均衡维护模式中的一种模式下运行的功能，或者具有可在均衡维护模式与并联充电模式、并联放电模式、并联待机模式三种模式的任意耦合中的一种模式下运行的功能。The micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system has the function of operating in one of the parallel charging mode, parallel discharging mode, parallel standby mode, and balanced maintenance mode, or has the function of operating in balanced maintenance mode and parallel charging mode, parallel A function to operate in any of the three modes of discharge mode and parallel standby mode.
本实施例中的微网镍氢电池储能系统的运行过程如下：The operation process of the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system in this embodiment is as follows:
微网镍氢电池储能系统通电后，能量管理系统EMS监测到电池管理系统BMS上传的信息，确认镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，电池管理系统BMS无错误和报警信息，能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出进入并联待机模式工作指令，电池管理系统BMS接收到能量管理系统EMS指令后，电池管理系统BMS向并联控制柜发出并联工作指令，由于不存在有需要进行均衡维护的镍氢电池柜，因此所有的并联控制柜中的智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km接收到闭合信号指令，逐次进行闭合动作，实现所有镍氢电池柜的并联，微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式。After the microgrid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system is powered on, the energy management system EMS monitors the information uploaded by the battery management system BMS, and confirms that the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, abnormal insulation, abnormal communication, etc. The battery management system BMS has no error and alarm information. The energy management system EMS sends a working instruction to the battery management system BMS to enter the parallel standby mode. After the battery management system BMS receives the energy management system EMS instruction, the battery management system BMS sends a parallel connection to the parallel control cabinet. Work order, since there is no Ni-MH battery cabinet that needs balanced maintenance, the intelligent switches K1, K2, K3, K4,..., Km-1, Km in all the parallel control cabinets receive the closing signal instruction, one by one Perform the closing action to realize the parallel connection of all nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets, and the micro-grid nickel-metal hydride battery energy storage system is in parallel standby mode.
能量管理系统EMS按照内部设置的决策逻辑，生成镍氢电池柜需要进行充电的指令，确认镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，电池管理系统BMS无错误和报警信息，确认能量转换系统PCS无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电功能要求的异常情况。能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出进入并联充电模式工作指令，电池管理系统BMS接收到能量管理系统EMS指令后，将并联控制柜中的智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km当前状态反馈到能量管理系统EMS，如果智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km是闭合状态，则表明微网镍氢电池储能系统已经处于并联待机模式，如果智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km是断开状态，则电池管理系统BMS执行并联待机模式的工作指令使得智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km进行闭合动作并达到闭合状态。能量管理系统EMS确认电池管理系统BMS已经处于并联待机模式后，能量管理系统EMS向能量转换系统PCS发出充电功率指令，能量转换系统PCS执行充电功率输出，将交流电转换为直流电给镍氢电池柜充电，微网镍氢电池储能系统进行并联充电模式。The energy management system EMS generates instructions for charging the Ni-MH battery cabinet according to the decision logic set internally, and confirms that the Ni-MH battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, insulation abnormality, communication abnormality, etc., and the battery management system BMS has no error and alarm information, and confirms that the energy conversion system PCS has no error and alarm information, that is, there is no abnormal situation that does not meet the charging function requirements. The energy management system EMS sends a working instruction to the battery management system BMS to enter the parallel charging mode. After receiving the energy management system EMS instruction, the battery management system BMS will connect the intelligent switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km in the parallel control cabinet -1. The current state of Km is fed back to the energy management system EMS. If the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km-1, and Km are closed, it indicates that the microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is already in parallel standby Mode, if the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km-1, Km are in the disconnected state, the battery management system BMS executes the work order of the parallel standby mode so that the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ... ., Km-1, Km perform the closing action and reach the closed state. After the energy management system EMS confirms that the battery management system BMS is in parallel standby mode, the energy management system EMS sends a charging power command to the energy conversion system PCS, and the energy conversion system PCS performs charging power output, converting AC power into DC power to charge the Ni-MH battery cabinet , the micro-grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system performs parallel charging mode.
当镍氢电池柜已经处于充满(如带电状态SOC为100％或已经达到充电的正常截止条件)，则能量转换系统PCS的充电功率降为零，停止对镍氢电池柜充电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统恢复到并联待机模式。When the Ni-MH battery cabinet is fully charged (for example, the charged state SOC is 100% or the normal cut-off condition for charging has been reached), the charging power of the energy conversion system PCS is reduced to zero, and the charging of the Ni-MH battery cabinet is stopped. At this time, the microgrid The Ni-MH battery energy storage system returns to parallel standby mode.
能量管理系统EMS按照内部设置的决策逻辑，生成镍氢电池柜需要进行放电的指令，确认镍氢电池柜无过温、欠温、过压、欠压、绝缘异常、通信异常等，电池管理系统BMS无错误和报警信息，确认能量转换系统PCS无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电功能要求的异常情况。能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出进入并联放电模式工作指令，电池管理系统BMS接收到能量管理系统EMS指令后，将并联控制柜中的智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km当前状态反馈到能量管理系统EMS，如果智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km是闭合状态，则表明微网镍氢电池储能系统已经处于并联待机模式，如果智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km是断开状态，则电池管理系统BMS执行并联待机模式的工作指令使得智能开关K1、K2、K3、K4、….、Km-1、Km进行闭合动作并达到闭合状态。能量管理系统EMS确认电池管理系统BMS已经处于并联待机模式后，能量管理系统EMS向能量转换系统PCS发出放电功率指令，能量转换系统PCS执行放电功率输出，进行电能逆变，微网镍氢电池储能系统进行并联放电模式。The energy management system EMS generates the discharge command for the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet according to the decision logic set internally, and confirms that the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet has no over-temperature, under-temperature, over-voltage, under-voltage, insulation abnormality, communication abnormality, etc., and the battery management system BMS has no error and alarm information, and confirms that the energy conversion system PCS has no error and alarm information, that is, there is no abnormal situation that does not meet the charging function requirements. The energy management system EMS sends a working instruction to the battery management system BMS to enter the parallel discharge mode. After receiving the energy management system EMS instruction, the battery management system BMS will connect the intelligent switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km in the parallel control cabinet -1. The current state of Km is fed back to the energy management system EMS. If the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km-1, and Km are closed, it indicates that the microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is already in parallel standby Mode, if the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ..., Km-1, Km are in the disconnected state, the battery management system BMS executes the work order of the parallel standby mode so that the smart switches K1, K2, K3, K4, ... ., Km-1, Km perform the closing action and reach the closed state. After the energy management system EMS confirms that the battery management system BMS is in the parallel standby mode, the energy management system EMS sends a discharge power command to the energy conversion system PCS, and the energy conversion system PCS executes discharge power output to perform electric energy inversion. The system can perform parallel discharge mode.
当镍氢电池柜已经处于放空状态(如带电状态SOC为0％或已经达到放电的正常截止条件)，则能量转换系统PCS放电功率降为零，停止对镍氢电池柜的放电，此时微网镍氢电池储能系统恢复到并联待机模式。When the Ni-MH battery cabinet is already in the empty state (for example, the charged state SOC is 0% or the normal cut-off condition of discharge has been reached), the discharge power of the energy conversion system PCS is reduced to zero, and the discharge of the Ni-MH battery cabinet is stopped. The grid Ni-MH battery energy storage system returns to the parallel standby mode.
当镍氢电池柜1出现：(1)镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC值与L个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC平均值之间的差值达到15％以上；或者(2)镍氢电池柜1内单体电池最小电压Vmin与单体电池最大电压Vmax之间的差值在镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC值为15％时候达到40*nmv以上，其中n为所述镍氢电池柜1内单体电池的数量；或者(3)镍氢电池柜1以1C倍率放电至单体电池平均电压达到1200*nmv时候的镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC值，与上一次均衡结束后第一次以1C倍率放电至单体电池平均电压达到1200*nmv时候的镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC值的差值达到15％以上，其中n为镍氢电池柜1内单体电池的数量；或者(4)镍氢电池柜1的充电或放电电流I与L个镍氢电池柜平均电流Iave之间满足：(I-Iave)/Iave的绝对值大于50％时，能量管理系统EMS确认充电/放电机无错误和报警信息即不存在不满足充电或放电功能要求的异常情况，能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出针对电池柜1的均衡维护工作指令，电池管理系统BMS接收到能量管理系统EMS进入均衡维护工作模式的指令，电池管理系统BMS接收并联控制柜中智能开关K1、K2状态反馈信息，如果K1和K2处于闭合状态，则电池管理系统BMS向并联控制柜发出断开K1和K2的指令，并联控制柜执行该指令，电池管理系统BMS进一步确认K1和K2处于断开状态后，电池管理系统BMS发出闭合智能开关Kj1指令，智能开关Kj1执行闭合完成与充电/放电机的电路导通，能量管理系统EMS接收电池管理系统BMS信息确认K1和K2处于断开状态、Kj1处于闭合状态，能量管理系统EMS向充电/放电机发出充电或放电功率指令，充电/放电机进行逆变工作，对电池柜1进行充电或放电的操作，电池柜1处于均衡维护模式。待均衡维护处理完成，能量管理系统EMS向充电/放电机发出结束命令，充电/放电机功率降为零，然后能量管理系统EMS向电池管理系统BMS发出电池柜1均衡维护结束指令，电池管理系统BMS指挥Kj1断开。When Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 appears: (1) The difference between the charged state SOC value of Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 and the average value of the charged state SOC of L Ni-MH battery cabinets reaches more than 15%; or (2) Ni-MH battery cabinet The difference between the minimum voltage Vmin of the single battery in 1 and the maximum voltage Vmax of the single battery reaches above 40*nmv when the charged state SOC value of the nickel-hydrogen battery cabinet 1 is 15%, where n is the nickel-hydrogen battery cabinet 1 or (3) the Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 discharges at a rate of 1C until the average voltage of the cells reaches 1200*nmv. Discharge at a rate of 1C for the first time until the average voltage of the single battery reaches 1200*nmv, and the difference between the charged state SOC value of the Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 reaches more than 15%, where n is the number of single cells in the Ni-MH battery cabinet 1; or (4) The charging or discharging current I of the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet 1 and the average current Iave of the L nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets meet: when the absolute value of (I-Iave)/Iave is greater than 50%, the energy management system EMS confirms the charge/ The discharge machine has no error and alarm information, that is, there is no abnormal situation that does not meet the requirements of the charging or discharging function. The energy management system EMS sends a balanced maintenance work order for battery cabinet 1 to the battery management system BMS, and the battery management system BMS receives the energy management system. The EMS enters the command of balanced maintenance work mode. The battery management system BMS receives the status feedback information of the intelligent switches K1 and K2 in the parallel control cabinet. If K1 and K2 are in the closed state, the battery management system BMS sends a disconnection K1 and K2 to the parallel control cabinet. After the battery management system BMS further confirms that K1 and K2 are in the disconnected state, the battery management system BMS sends an instruction to close the smart switch Kj1, and the smart switch Kj1 executes the closing completion and the circuit conduction of the charging/discharging machine The energy management system EMS receives the battery management system BMS information to confirm that K1 and K2 are in the disconnected state and Kj1 is in the closed state. The energy management system EMS sends a charging or discharging power command to the charging/discharging machine, and the charging/discharging machine performs inverter work. , to charge or discharge the battery cabinet 1, and the battery cabinet 1 is in the balanced maintenance mode. After the balance maintenance process is completed, the energy management system EMS sends an end command to the charging/discharging machine, and the power of the charging/discharging machine drops to zero, and then the energy management system EMS sends a battery cabinet 1 balancing maintenance end command to the battery management system BMS, and the battery management system The BMS commands Kj1 to disconnect.
当微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联待机模式、并联充电模式、并联放电模式三种模式中的任何一种，如果镍氢电池柜1发生：(1)镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC值与L个镍氢电池柜带电状态SOC平均值之间的差值达到15％以上；或者(2)镍氢电池柜1单体电池最小电压Vmin与单体电池最大电压Vmax之间的差值在镍氢电池柜1带电状态SOC为15％时候达到40nmv以上，其中n为镍氢电池柜1内单体电池的数量；或者(3)镍氢电池柜1充电或放电电流I与L个镍氢电池柜平均电流Iave之间满足(I-Iave)/Iave的绝对值大于50％时，电池管理系统BMS发送并联断开指令给并联控制柜，并联控制柜中的智能开关K1、K2执行电池管理系统BMS指令断开电路，由于单向二极管D1、D2的单向性，此时镍氢电池柜1就实现了与其它镍氢电池柜的断开，而其它镍氢电池柜的工作并不受到大的影响，只是由于镍氢电池柜1断开而脱离工作，镍氢电池柜1原来承担的放电电流分摊到其它的镍氢电池柜工作电流中，而镍氢电池柜1的信息经由电池管理系统BMS采集，并发送至能量管理系统EMS，由能量管理系统EMS按照事先设置的均衡策略进行决策，进入到相应的均衡维护模式，而其他镍氢电池柜仍为并联放电模式，微网镍氢电池储能系统处于并联放电模式和均衡维护模式的耦合。When the microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system is in any of the three modes of parallel standby mode, parallel charging mode, and parallel discharging mode, if Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 occurs: (1) SOC value of Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 charged state The difference between the average value of the charged state SOC of L nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets reaches more than 15%; When the charged state SOC of Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 is 15%, it reaches above 40nmv, wherein n is the number of single cells in Ni-MH battery cabinet 1; or (3) the charging or discharging current I of Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 and L Ni-MH When the average current Iave of the battery cabinet meets the absolute value of (I-Iave)/Iave greater than 50%, the battery management system BMS sends a parallel disconnection command to the parallel control cabinet, and the intelligent switches K1 and K2 in the parallel control cabinet perform battery management The system BMS commands to disconnect the circuit. Due to the unidirectionality of the one-way diodes D1 and D2, the Ni-MH battery cabinet 1 is disconnected from other Ni-MH battery cabinets at this time, and the work of other Ni-MH battery cabinets is not affected. The biggest impact is only because the nickel-hydrogen battery cabinet 1 is disconnected and out of work. The discharge current originally undertaken by the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet 1 is shared among the working current of other nickel-metal hydride battery cabinets, and the information of the nickel-metal hydride battery cabinet 1 is passed through the battery management. The system BMS collects and sends it to the energy management system EMS. The energy management system EMS makes decisions according to the preset balance strategy and enters the corresponding balance maintenance mode. The battery energy storage system is in the coupling of parallel discharge mode and balanced maintenance mode.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310635057.4ACN103606943B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | A kind of microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system |
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| CN201310635057.4ACN103606943B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | A kind of microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system |
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| CN201310635057.4AActiveCN103606943B (en) | 2013-12-02 | 2013-12-02 | A kind of microgrid Ni-MH battery energy storage system |
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