技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种污泥处理装置，特别涉及一种撬装式可移动钻井污泥无害化处理装置。The invention relates to a sludge treatment device, in particular to a skid-mounted movable drilling sludge harmless treatment device.
背景技术Background technique
石油钻井过程是一个无固定场所，在不同井场间不断移动的过程。钻井作业完成后，井场存留有大量的钻井污泥。这些污泥全部排放积存于无任何防渗漏措施的土质污油池内，无法及时进行处理，长期搁置后逐渐形成污水与泥土混合的复杂体系，这使得含油污水中的有害成分复杂化，最终形成一种由粘土、加重材料、各种化学处理剂、污水、污油及钻屑等组成的多相悬浮性的混合物。现有的污泥处理方式主要是通过污泥运输车将钻井污泥运送到专门的污泥处理站内，向污泥中加入试剂通过化学方法对其进行固化，然后再填埋。这种方法对污泥进行处理的同时加入的化学试剂又有可能成为新的污染源，使问题处理变得更为复杂。而且由于石油钻井的野外作业特征，井场分散、偏远，处理成本极高，同时带来处理过的污泥的集中堆放问题，不利于油田的长远发展，因而有必要发明一种撬装的移动式钻井污泥处理装置在钻井现场对污泥进行处理，就地填埋。The oil drilling process is a process that has no fixed location and is constantly moving between different well sites. After the drilling operation is completed, a large amount of drilling sludge remains in the well site. All these sludges are discharged and accumulated in earthy sewage oil pools without any anti-leakage measures, and cannot be treated in time. After long-term storage, a complex system of sewage and soil mixing gradually forms, which complicates the harmful components in oily sewage and eventually forms A multi-phase suspension mixture composed of clay, weighted materials, various chemical treatment agents, sewage, dirty oil and drill cuttings. The existing sludge treatment method is mainly to transport the drilling sludge to a special sludge treatment station by a sludge transport vehicle, add reagents to the sludge to solidify it by chemical methods, and then landfill it. In this method, the chemical reagents added while treating the sludge may become a new source of pollution, which makes the problem treatment more complicated. Moreover, due to the field operation characteristics of oil drilling, the well sites are scattered and remote, and the treatment cost is extremely high. At the same time, it brings the problem of centralized storage of treated sludge, which is not conducive to the long-term development of the oil field. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a skid-mounted mobile The drilling sludge treatment device treats the sludge at the drilling site and landfills it on site.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对油田现场实际，本发明的目的在于提出一种撬装式可移动钻井污泥无害化处理装置，对油田钻井污泥进行有效的处理，以达到钻井污泥中排放水达到国家二级排放标准，干化焚烧后的固态物质可以直接填埋的目标；本装置主要由污泥抽吸系统、固液分离系统、干化焚烧系统、混凝沉降系统、油水分离系统、过滤净化系统以及动力系统等七大部分组成，整个装置装于撬上，可由卡车拖运辗转于不同井场之间对钻井污泥进行处理操作，弥补了现有固定式污泥处理装置体积大、效率低，污泥运转困难的不足，在井场就地处理钻井污泥，具有效率高、成本低、安全可靠等一系列优点，同时还可改善井场环境，为后续的采油工作提供更好的工作空间。Aiming at the field practice of the oilfield, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a skid-mounted movable drilling sludge harmless treatment device, which can effectively treat the oilfield drilling sludge, so that the discharge water in the drilling sludge can reach the national secondary discharge standard, the solid matter after drying and incineration can be directly landfilled; The whole device is installed on a skid, and can be hauled by trucks and moved between different well sites to process drilling sludge, which makes up for the large volume, low efficiency and waste of existing fixed sludge treatment devices. Due to the difficulty in mud operation, on-site treatment of drilling sludge at the well site has a series of advantages such as high efficiency, low cost, safety and reliability, and can also improve the well site environment and provide a better working space for subsequent oil production work.
为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案为：In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种撬装式钻井污泥无害化处理装置，包括污泥抽吸设备1、固液分离设备2、污水混凝沉降设备3、油水分离设备4、过滤设备5、污泥焚烧设备6、污泥传输设备7、干燥设备8和动力设备9，上述所有设备均安装在可移动撬15上构成一个有机整体；A skid-mounted drilling sludge harmless treatment device, including sludge suction equipment 1, solid-liquid separation equipment 2, sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3, oil-water separation equipment 4, filtration equipment 5, sludge incineration equipment 6, Sludge transfer equipment 7, drying equipment 8 and power equipment 9, all of the above equipment are installed on the movable skid 15 to form an organic whole;
所述的污泥抽吸设备1由格栅式的抽吸篮10、止回阀11、抽吸管12、自吸式污泥抽吸泵13、截止阀14和压力表15组成，抽吸篮10直接放置于污泥池中，抽吸篮10后端连接止回阀11一端，止回阀11另一端与抽吸管12前端连接，抽吸管12末端连接自吸式污泥抽吸泵13的进口，自吸式污泥抽吸泵13出口装有截止阀14，压力表15装于自吸式污泥抽吸泵13出口与截止阀14之间的管道上；The sludge suction equipment 1 is composed of a grid-type suction basket 10, a check valve 11, a suction pipe 12, a self-priming sludge suction pump 13, a shut-off valve 14 and a pressure gauge 15. The basket 10 is directly placed in the sludge tank, the back end of the suction basket 10 is connected to one end of the check valve 11, the other end of the check valve 11 is connected to the front end of the suction pipe 12, and the end of the suction pipe 12 is connected to a self-priming sludge suction pump. The inlet of the pump 13 and the outlet of the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 are equipped with a shut-off valve 14, and the pressure gauge 15 is installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 and the shut-off valve 14;
所述的固液分离设备2由钻井污泥处理用固液分离水力旋流器构成，旋流器直立安装于可移动撬15上，固液分离设备2的固体入口连通截止阀14，固液分离设备2的溢流出口与污水混凝沉降设备3的入口相连通，固液分离设备2底部固态底流出口与污泥传输设备7的进口相连通；污水混凝沉降设备3与污泥传输设备7的出口均与干燥设备8的入口相连通；干燥设备8的出口与污泥焚烧设备6相连通，污泥焚烧设备6的烟气出口与干燥设备8相连通；污水混凝沉降设备3与干燥设备8的出口均与油水分离设备4相连通，油水分离设备4下部与过滤设备5相连通；动力设备9分别与污泥焚烧设备6和自吸式污泥抽吸泵13相连提供动力。The solid-liquid separation device 2 is composed of a solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone for drilling sludge treatment. The cyclone is installed upright on a movable skid 15. The solid inlet of the solid-liquid separation device 2 is connected to a stop valve 14, and the solid-liquid separation The overflow outlet of the separation device 2 is connected with the inlet of the sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3, and the solid-liquid underflow outlet at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device 2 is connected with the inlet of the sludge transmission equipment 7; the sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3 is connected with the sludge transmission equipment The outlets of 7 are all connected with the inlet of drying equipment 8; the outlet of drying equipment 8 is connected with sludge incineration equipment 6, and the flue gas outlet of sludge incineration equipment 6 is connected with drying equipment 8; sewage coagulation and sedimentation equipment 3 is connected with The outlets of the drying equipment 8 are connected with the oil-water separation equipment 4, and the lower part of the oil-water separation equipment 4 is connected with the filter equipment 5; the power equipment 9 is respectively connected with the sludge incineration equipment 6 and the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 to provide power.
所述的污水混凝沉降设备3由聚结斜板沉降罐构成。The sewage coagulation settling equipment 3 is composed of a coalescing inclined plate settling tank.
所述的油水分离设备4由油水分离水力旋流器构成。The oil-water separation equipment 4 is composed of an oil-water separation hydrocyclone.
所述的污泥焚烧设备6和污泥传输设备7分别由小型立式钻井污泥无害化焚烧炉和螺旋输送器组成。The sludge incineration equipment 6 and the sludge transport equipment 7 are respectively composed of a small vertical drilling sludge harmless incinerator and a screw conveyor.
所述的动力设备9由三相柴油发电机和附属油箱组成。Described power equipment 9 is made up of three-phase diesel generator and auxiliary fuel tank.
上述所有设备安装在同一块可移动撬15上，构成一个可移动的撬装整体。Above-mentioned all equipments are installed on the same movable skid 15, constitute a movable skid-mounted whole.
工作时，根据需要进行调稀处理后的钻井污泥经过抽吸篮、止回阀、抽次管被被抽吸泵吸起，并以一定的速度泵送到作为固液分离设备的钻井污泥处理用固液分离水力旋流器中利用初速产生的离心力进行初步的固液分离，其中以固相为主的较稠的污泥通过旋流器底流口排放到螺旋推进器的入口；而以液相物质为主的油、水等则通过固液分离水力旋流器的溢流口流到沉降罐中进行沉降处理，为增强沉降效果采用了聚结斜板结构和添加絮凝剂等措施，经沉降后的较细颗粒等絮状物同样引到螺旋输送器的入口，与较稠的污泥一起边初步脱水边输送到污泥焚烧炉中进行处理；小型立式焚烧炉的污泥入口设于顶部，燃烧器装于焚烧炉的底部，工作时污泥由焚烧炉顶部进入炉内，与底部燃烧器喷出的燃料燃烧形成的烟气形成逆向流动，污泥边下落边被加热最终实现污泥中可燃物的完全燃烧形成CO2和H2O等对环境无害的物质；为减缓污泥的掉落速度，延长反应时间，在炉膛内设有交错布置的栅板，这样污泥边掉落边与栅板碰撞、减速、破碎，可以达到良好的燃烧效果。When working, the drilling sludge that has been diluted according to the needs is sucked up by the suction pump through the suction basket, check valve and secondary pipe, and pumped at a certain speed to the drilling sludge used as solid-liquid separation equipment. In the solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone for mud treatment, the centrifugal force generated by the initial velocity is used to perform preliminary solid-liquid separation, in which the thicker sludge mainly in the solid phase is discharged to the inlet of the screw propeller through the bottom outlet of the cyclone; and Oil and water, which are mainly liquid phase substances, flow into the settling tank through the overflow port of the solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone for settling treatment. Measures such as coalescing inclined plate structure and adding flocculant are adopted to enhance the settling effect After settling, the finer particles and other flocs are also introduced to the entrance of the screw conveyor, and are transported to the sludge incinerator for treatment together with the thicker sludge while being initially dehydrated; the sludge of the small vertical incinerator The entrance is set at the top, and the burner is installed at the bottom of the incinerator. During operation, the sludge enters the furnace from the top of the incinerator, and forms a reverse flow with the flue gas formed by the combustion of fuel ejected from the bottom burner, and the sludge is heated while falling. Finally, the complete combustion of combustibles in the sludge can be achieved to form CO2 and H2 O and other environmentally harmless substances; in order to slow down the falling speed of sludge and prolong the reaction time, staggered grids are arranged in the furnace, so that The sludge collides with the grid plate while falling, decelerates, and breaks up, which can achieve a good combustion effect.
本发明的有益效果是，可以将装置运送到不同的井场进行钻井污泥无害化现场处理，处理过后的洁净沙土就地填埋或铺垫井场地面，改善井场环境。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the device can be transported to different well sites for on-site harmless drilling sludge treatment, and the treated clean sand can be buried or paved on the well site to improve the well site environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的撬装式可移动钻井污泥无害化处理装置流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the skid-mounted movable drilling sludge harmless treatment device of the present invention.
图2是本发明的撬装式可移动钻井污泥无害化处理装置系统图。Fig. 2 is a system diagram of a skid-mounted movable drilling sludge harmless treatment device of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
参照图2，一种撬装式可移动钻井污泥无害化处理装置，主要包括污泥抽吸设备1、固液分离设备2、污水混凝沉降设备3、油水分离设备4、过滤设备5、污泥焚烧设备6、污泥传输设备7、干燥设备8和动力设备9，上述所有设备均安装在可移动撬15上构成一个有机整体。Referring to Figure 2, a skid-mounted movable drilling sludge harmless treatment device mainly includes sludge suction equipment 1, solid-liquid separation equipment 2, sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3, oil-water separation equipment 4, and filtration equipment 5 , sludge incineration equipment 6, sludge transmission equipment 7, drying equipment 8 and power equipment 9, all of the above-mentioned equipment are installed on the movable skid 15 to form an organic whole.
所述的污泥抽吸设备1由格栅式的抽吸篮10、止回阀11、抽吸管12、自吸式污泥抽吸泵13、截止阀14和压力表15组成，抽吸篮10直接放置于污泥池中，抽吸篮10后端连接止回阀11一端，止回阀11另一端与抽吸管12前端连接，抽吸管12末端连接自吸式污泥抽吸泵13的进口，自吸式污泥抽吸泵13出口装有截止阀14，压力表15装于自吸式污泥抽吸泵13出口与截止阀14之间的管道上；The sludge suction equipment 1 is composed of a grid-type suction basket 10, a check valve 11, a suction pipe 12, a self-priming sludge suction pump 13, a shut-off valve 14 and a pressure gauge 15. The basket 10 is directly placed in the sludge tank, the back end of the suction basket 10 is connected to one end of the check valve 11, the other end of the check valve 11 is connected to the front end of the suction pipe 12, and the end of the suction pipe 12 is connected to a self-priming sludge suction pump. The inlet of the pump 13 and the outlet of the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 are equipped with a shut-off valve 14, and the pressure gauge 15 is installed on the pipeline between the outlet of the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 and the shut-off valve 14;
所述的固液分离设备2由钻井污泥处理用固液分离水力旋流器构成，旋流器直立安装于可移动撬15上，固液分离设备2的固体入口连通截止阀14，固液分离设备2的溢流出口与污水混凝沉降设备3的入口相连通，固液分离设备2底部固态底流出口与污泥传输设备7的进口相连通；污水混凝沉降设备3与污泥传输设备7的出口均与干燥设备8的入口相连通；干燥设备8的出口与污泥焚烧设备6相连通，污泥焚烧设备6的烟气出口与干燥设备8相连通；污水混凝沉降设备3与干燥设备8的出口均与油水分离设备4相连通，油水分离设备4下部与过滤设备5相连通；The solid-liquid separation device 2 is composed of a solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone for drilling sludge treatment. The cyclone is installed upright on a movable skid 15. The solid inlet of the solid-liquid separation device 2 is connected to a stop valve 14, and the solid-liquid separation The overflow outlet of the separation device 2 is connected with the inlet of the sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3, and the solid-liquid underflow outlet at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation device 2 is connected with the inlet of the sludge transmission equipment 7; the sewage coagulation sedimentation equipment 3 is connected with the sludge transmission equipment The outlets of 7 are all connected with the inlet of drying equipment 8; the outlet of drying equipment 8 is connected with sludge incineration equipment 6, and the flue gas outlet of sludge incineration equipment 6 is connected with drying equipment 8; sewage coagulation and sedimentation equipment 3 is connected with The outlets of the drying equipment 8 are all connected with the oil-water separation equipment 4, and the lower part of the oil-water separation equipment 4 is connected with the filter equipment 5;
动力设备9分别与污泥焚烧设备6和自吸式污泥抽吸泵13相连提供动力。The power equipment 9 is respectively connected with the sludge incineration equipment 6 and the self-priming sludge suction pump 13 to provide power.
所述的污水混凝沉降设备3由聚结斜板沉降罐构成。The sewage coagulation settling equipment 3 is composed of a coalescing inclined plate settling tank.
所述的油水分离设备4由油水分离水力旋流器构成，根据钻井污泥浓度和含油量的不同选用污水除油水力旋流器或原油脱水水力旋流器。The oil-water separation equipment 4 is composed of an oil-water separation hydrocyclone, and a sewage deoiling hydrocyclone or a crude oil dehydration hydrocyclone is selected according to the concentration and oil content of the drilling sludge.
所述的污泥焚烧设备6和污泥传输设备7分别由小型立式钻井污泥无害化焚烧炉和螺旋输送器组成，污泥在进行焚烧前需在干化设备8中干燥，脱去游离水分。The sludge incineration equipment 6 and the sludge transport equipment 7 are composed of a small vertical drilling sludge harmless incinerator and a screw conveyor respectively, and the sludge needs to be dried in the drying equipment 8 before being incinerated. free moisture.
所述的动力设备9由三相柴油发电机和附属油箱组成，同时油箱里的油料又可作为污泥无害化焚烧炉的燃料。The power equipment 9 is composed of a three-phase diesel generator and an auxiliary oil tank, and the oil in the oil tank can be used as a fuel for a harmless sludge incinerator.
本发明的工作原理为：Working principle of the present invention is:
参照图1，工作时抽吸篮10直接放置于污泥池中，其上装有水管可以根据现场情况对污泥进行调稀以便于抽送，抽吸篮10出口接有止回阀11以避免污泥回流到污泥池中，止回阀11出口端接有直径为50mm的抽吸管12，抽吸管12末端与自吸式污泥抽吸泵13相连，自吸式污泥抽吸泵13出口装有压力表和起流量调节作用的截止阀14；抽吸设备通过管道与固液分离设备2，固液分离设备2采用专门设计的钻井污泥处理用固液分离水力旋流器，旋流器入口通过管道与截止阀14出口相连，旋流器垂直安装在撬板上；混凝沉降设备3入口与固液分离水力旋流器溢流出口相连接，出口与油水分离设备4的液液分离水力旋流器入口相连接，根据现场情况的不同可分别采用污水除油水力旋流器或原油脱水水力旋流器作为油水分离设备；固液分离水力旋流器底流排出的油砂和液液分离水力旋流器溢流排出的污油通过螺旋输送器运送到污泥焚烧设备6中进行无害化焚烧处理，同时螺旋输送器具有一定的脱水功能可以对污泥进行初步脱水处理；液液分离水力旋流器底流口排出的污水中还会含有一定的原油，因此将其引入过滤设备5进行三级过滤，经过最终处理的水可达国家二级排放标准，可以直接外排或用于灌溉，滤除的杂质同样引人螺旋输送设备中送入焚烧炉中进行无害化焚烧；污泥焚烧设备6由专门设计的小型立式钻井污泥无害化焚烧炉组成，污泥进料口设于炉子顶部而燃烧器装于底部，污泥由上方投料口进入焚烧炉内并在重力的作用下不断下落，与焚烧炉底部燃烧器出口燃料燃烧形成的烟气逆向流动，此过程中污泥最终可被加热到1300℃以上，所有的有机物质均被引燃形成CO2和H2O等对环境无害的物质；由于油田井场大多位置偏远，井场与进场直接距离较大，十分分散，为每口井的污泥处理拉设电线很不现实，因此本撬装式处理装置上配有动力设备9，动力设备采用85kW柴油发电机用于给泵、螺旋输送器等设备提供动力用电，同时柴油还可作为污泥焚烧炉的燃料。Referring to Figure 1, the suction basket 10 is placed directly in the sludge tank during work, and a water pipe is installed on it to thin the sludge according to the site conditions for easy pumping. The outlet of the suction basket 10 is connected with a check valve 11 to avoid contamination. The mud flows back into the sludge tank. The outlet of the check valve 11 is connected with a suction pipe 12 with a diameter of 50 mm. The end of the suction pipe 12 is connected with a self-priming sludge suction pump 13. The self-priming sludge suction pump 13 The outlet is equipped with a pressure gauge and a stop valve 14 for flow adjustment; the suction equipment passes through the pipeline and the solid-liquid separation equipment 2, and the solid-liquid separation equipment 2 adopts a specially designed solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone for drilling sludge treatment. The inlet of the cyclone is connected to the outlet of the shut-off valve 14 through a pipeline, and the cyclone is installed vertically on the skid plate; the inlet of the coagulation settling equipment 3 is connected to the overflow outlet of the solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone, and the outlet is connected to the outlet of the oil-water separation equipment 4 The inlet of the liquid-liquid separation hydrocyclone is connected, and according to different site conditions, a sewage degreasing hydrocyclone or a crude oil dehydration hydrocyclone can be used as the oil-water separation equipment; the oil sand discharged from the underflow of the solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone The waste oil discharged from the overflow of the liquid-liquid separation hydrocyclone is transported to the sludge incineration equipment 6 by the screw conveyor for harmless incineration treatment. At the same time, the screw conveyor has a certain dehydration function to perform preliminary dehydration treatment on the sludge ; The sewage discharged from the bottom outlet of the liquid-liquid separation hydrocyclone also contains a certain amount of crude oil, so it is introduced into the filter equipment 5 for three-stage filtration, and the water after final treatment can reach the national secondary discharge standard and can be directly discharged Or for irrigation, the filtered impurities are also introduced into the screw conveying equipment and sent to the incinerator for harmless incineration; the sludge incineration equipment 6 is composed of a specially designed small vertical drilling sludge harmless incinerator. The sludge feed port is set on the top of the furnace and the burner is installed at the bottom. The sludge enters the incinerator from the upper feed port and falls continuously under the action of gravity. During this process, the sludge can be heated to over 1300°C, and all organic substances will be ignited to form CO2 and H2 O and other substances that are harmless to the environment; The direct distance is relatively large and very scattered. It is unrealistic to set up wires for the sludge treatment of each well. Therefore, this skid-mounted treatment device is equipped with power equipment 9, and the power equipment adopts 85kW diesel generators for pumps, screw Equipment such as conveyors provide power and electricity, and diesel can also be used as fuel for sludge incinerators.
整个装置安装在可移动撬15上由拖车牵引在不同井场间移动，现场进行处理作业。The whole device is installed on the movable skid 15 and is pulled by a trailer to move between different well sites, and the processing operation is performed on site.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310606879.XACN103601351B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | The removable drilling sludge harmless treatment device of a kind of sledge-borne type |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310606879.XACN103601351B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | The removable drilling sludge harmless treatment device of a kind of sledge-borne type |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103601351A CN103601351A (en) | 2014-02-26 |
| CN103601351Btrue CN103601351B (en) | 2015-09-30 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310606879.XAActiveCN103601351B (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | The removable drilling sludge harmless treatment device of a kind of sledge-borne type |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103601351B (en) |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | Denomination of invention:A skid mounted movable harmless treatment device for drilling sludge Effective date of registration:20221031 Granted publication date:20150930 Pledgee:Guangdong Development Bank Co.,Ltd. Dongying Branch Pledgor:Shandong Wanbang Petroleum Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number:Y2022980020219 | |
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| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | Denomination of invention:A pry mounted mobile drilling sludge harmless treatment device Granted publication date:20150930 Pledgee:Huaxia Bank Co.,Ltd. Dongying Dongcheng Branch Pledgor:Shandong Wanbang Petroleum Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number:Y2024980025528 | |
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