技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水质监测领域，尤其涉及一种基于RFID和ZIGBEE技术的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring, in particular to a floating water quality detection system and method based on RFID and ZIGBEE technology for network dynamic adjustment.
背景技术Background technique
射频识别即RFID（Radio Frequency Identification）技术，又称电子标签或无线射频识别。它是一种通信技术，可通过无线电讯号识别特定目标并读写相关数据，无需识别系统与特定目标之间建立机械或光学接触。RFID设备通常包括RFID阅读器及RFID电子标签。RFID阅读器通过天线与RFID电子标签进行无线通信，可以实现对标签识别码和内存数据的读出和写入操作。Radio frequency identification is RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology, also known as electronic tags or radio frequency identification. It is a communication technology that can identify a specific target and read and write related data through radio signals without the need for mechanical or optical contact between the identification system and the specific target. RFID equipment usually includes RFID readers and RFID electronic tags. The RFID reader communicates wirelessly with the RFID electronic tag through the antenna, and can read and write the tag identification code and memory data.
RFID射频识别是一种非接触式的自动识别技术，它通过射频识别自动识别目标对象并获取相关数据，识别工作无需人为干预识，可工作于各种恶劣环境。目前，射频识别技术已经被应用于许多领域，比如钞票及产品防伪、身份证和电子门票、电子收费系统、家畜或野生动物识别、病人识别及电子病历、物流管理、行李分拣、门禁系统。RFID radio frequency identification is a non-contact automatic identification technology. It automatically identifies the target object and obtains relevant data through radio frequency identification. The identification work does not require human intervention and can work in various harsh environments. At present, radio frequency identification technology has been used in many fields, such as banknotes and product anti-counterfeiting, ID cards and electronic tickets, electronic toll collection systems, livestock or wild animal identification, patient identification and electronic medical records, logistics management, luggage sorting, and access control systems.
根据供电方式，RFID标签分为被动、半被动（也称作半主动）及主动三类。与被动式和半被动式不同的是，主动式标签本身具有内部电源供应器，用以供应内部IC所需电源以产生对外的讯号。一般来说，主动式标签拥有较长的读取距离和较大的记忆体容量可以用来储存读取器所传送来的一些附加讯息。According to the power supply method, RFID tags are divided into three types: passive, semi-passive (also known as semi-active) and active. Different from passive and semi-passive tags, active tags have an internal power supply, which is used to supply the power required by the internal IC to generate external signals. Generally speaking, active tags have a longer reading distance and a larger memory capacity to store some additional information sent by the reader.
ZIGBEE技术是一种近距离、低复杂度、低功耗、低速率、低成本的双向无线通讯技术。主要用于距离短、功耗低且传输速率不高的各种电子设备之间进行数据传输以及典型的有周期性数据、间歇性数据和低反应时间数据传输的应用。ZIGBEE technology is a two-way wireless communication technology with short distance, low complexity, low power consumption, low speed and low cost. It is mainly used for data transmission between various electronic devices with short distance, low power consumption and low transmission rate, as well as typical periodic data, intermittent data and low response time data transmission applications.
目前市场上已存在利用RFID技术进行水质监测的方法，可实现水质监测自动化，无需人工干预的效果，但作用比较单一。At present, there is a method of water quality monitoring using RFID technology in the market, which can realize the automation of water quality monitoring without manual intervention, but the effect is relatively single.
现有技术中，申请号为200910232309.2的发明专利，公开了一种基于ZIGBEE技术的水文监测平台，将ZIGBEE技术与水深、水温、pH值、电导率、溶氧系列水质传感器融合，组建无线传感器网络，达到对目标水域水文状况的远程实时监测。然而在上述技术中，当某一传感器出现异常时，不易人工查找出错节点。同时，多个传感器构成的网络，当网络结构或密度发生变化时，缺乏协调网络平衡的相应措施，易造成网络拥堵。In the prior art, the invention patent with application number 200910232309.2 discloses a hydrological monitoring platform based on ZIGBEE technology, which integrates ZIGBEE technology with water depth, water temperature, pH value, conductivity and dissolved oxygen series water quality sensors to form a wireless sensor network , to achieve remote real-time monitoring of hydrological conditions in target waters. However, in the above technology, when a certain sensor is abnormal, it is not easy to manually find the error node. At the same time, a network composed of multiple sensors lacks corresponding measures to coordinate network balance when the network structure or density changes, which may easily cause network congestion.
鉴于上述原因，本发明提供了一种基于RFID和ZIGBEE技术的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统及方法，用于对水域质量进行远程实时监测。In view of the above reasons, the present invention provides a floating water quality detection system and method based on RFID and ZIGBEE technology for network dynamic adjustment, which is used for remote real-time monitoring of water quality.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统包括监测装置及主控装置，所述监测装置连接主控装置，The floating water quality detection system with network dynamic adjustment provided by the present invention includes a monitoring device and a main control device, the monitoring device is connected to the main control device,
所述监测装置，包括水域质量传感器、单片机及RFID标签，所述水域质量传感器连接单片机，The monitoring device includes a water area quality sensor, a single-chip microcomputer and an RFID tag, and the water area quality sensor is connected to the single-chip microcomputer,
所述主控装置，包括负载均衡器、控制器、服务器及RFID阅读器，所述控制器分别连接负载均衡器及服务器，The main control device includes a load balancer, a controller, a server and an RFID reader, and the controller is connected to the load balancer and the server respectively,
所述监测装置中的RFID标签连接所述主控装置中的RFID阅读器。The RFID tag in the monitoring device is connected to the RFID reader in the master control device.
优选的，所述负载均衡器上安装有小型螺旋桨。Preferably, small propellers are installed on the load balancer.
优选的，所述单片机、负载均衡器及控制器内置ZIGBEE无线通信装置。Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer, load balancer and controller have built-in ZIGBEE wireless communication devices.
优选的，使用锚点固定所述水域质量传感器，以及RFID标签和单片机的电池。Preferably, an anchor point is used to fix the water quality sensor, the RFID tag and the battery of the single-chip microcomputer.
本发明还提供一种利用上述系统进行水域质量检测的方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a method for water quality detection using the above system, comprising the following steps:
S1、单片机获取水域质量传感器采集的水域质量参数后，通过ZIGBEE无线网络将所述水域质量参数发送给控制器；S1. After the single-chip microcomputer acquires the water quality parameters collected by the water quality sensor, the water quality parameters are sent to the controller through the ZIGBEE wireless network;
S2、所述控制器将所述水域质量参数发送给服务器，服务器处理所述水域质量参数后进行显示；S2. The controller sends the water quality parameter to the server, and the server processes the water quality parameter and displays it;
S3、管理员根据服务器显示的异常数据，利用RFID阅读器查找失效的监测装置。S3. The administrator uses the RFID reader to search for the failed monitoring device according to the abnormal data displayed by the server.
优选的，所述步骤S2还包括，每个负载均衡器为不同单片机分配路由，且所述负载均衡器将自身负载的单片机数量通知控制器。Preferably, the step S2 further includes that each load balancer assigns routes to different single-chip microcomputers, and the load balancer notifies the controller of the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded by itself.
优选的，当负载均衡器上负载的单片机数量发生变化时，所述负载均衡器根据控制器的命令动态调节自身负载的单片机数量。Preferably, when the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded on the load balancer changes, the load balancer dynamically adjusts the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded by itself according to the command of the controller.
根据本发明提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统及方法，使单片机与控制器间通过ZIGBEE方式进行通信，省去了布线的麻烦；RFID技术的引入，可以在监测装置出错时，帮助工作人员通过RFID阅读器查找到服务器无法接收的节点进行维修，提高了工作效率。同时，通过负载均衡器为不同单片机分配路由，并根据控制器的命令动态调节自身负载的单片机数量，能够达到网络资源配置最优的效果。According to the floating water quality detection system and method of network dynamic adjustment provided by the present invention, the single-chip microcomputer and the controller are communicated through the ZIGBEE mode, which saves the trouble of wiring; the introduction of RFID technology can help when the monitoring device goes wrong. The staff uses the RFID reader to find the node that the server cannot receive for maintenance, which improves the work efficiency. At the same time, by assigning routes to different single-chip microcomputers through the load balancer, and dynamically adjusting the number of single-chip microcomputers with their own load according to the command of the controller, the optimal effect of network resource allocation can be achieved.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water quality detection system for network dynamic adjustment provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测方法流程图。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a floating water quality detection method for network dynamic adjustment provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
图1是本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统结构示意图。如图1所示，本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统包括监测装置1及主控装置2，所述监测装置1连接主控装置2。所述监测装置1，包括水域质量传感器11、单片机12及RFID标签13，所述水域质量传感器11连接单片机12。所述主控装置2，包括负载均衡器21、控制器22、服务器23及RFID阅读器24，所述控制器22分别连接负载均衡器21及服务器23。所述监测装置1中的RFID标签13连接所述主控装置2中的RFID阅读器24。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating water quality detection system with network dynamic adjustment provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the network dynamically adjusted floating water quality detection system provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a monitoring device 1 and a main control device 2 , and the monitoring device 1 is connected to the main control device 2 . The monitoring device 1 includes a water quality sensor 11 , a single-chip microcomputer 12 and an RFID tag 13 , and the water quality sensor 11 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 12 . The main control device 2 includes a load balancer 21 , a controller 22 , a server 23 and an RFID reader 24 , and the controller 22 is connected to the load balancer 21 and the server 23 respectively. The RFID tag 13 in the monitoring device 1 is connected to the RFID reader 24 in the main control device 2 .
于上述实施例中，所述单片机、负载均衡器及控制器内置ZIGBEE无线通信装置，不同单片机之间组成基于ZIGBEE技术的无线网络，并且单片机与负载均衡器及控制器之间通过ZIGBEE无线网络进行通信。In the above embodiment, the single-chip microcomputer, the load balancer and the controller have a built-in ZIGBEE wireless communication device, and a wireless network based on ZIGBEE technology is formed between different single-chip microcomputers, and the single-chip microcomputer, the load balancer and the controller are carried out through the ZIGBEE wireless network. communication.
上述系统中的水域质量传感器的位置，以及为RFID标签和单片机供电的电池位置均为固定，本实施例中使用锚点固定。The position of the water quality sensor in the above system and the position of the battery for powering the RFID tag and the single-chip microcomputer are all fixed, and anchor points are used for fixing in this embodiment.
每个负载均衡器负荷一定数量的单片机，并可以动态调整自身负荷的单片机数量。负载均衡器上安装有小型螺旋桨，以便于在水中自动调节位置。如前所述，当单片机所在的监测装置出现异常或者有新增的监测装置时，负载均衡器根据控制器的命令调整自身位置，以达到动态调整不同均衡器间网络负载平衡的目的。Each load balancer loads a certain number of single-chip microcomputers, and can dynamically adjust the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded by itself. Small propellers are mounted on the load balancer for automatic position adjustment in the water. As mentioned above, when the monitoring device where the single-chip microcomputer is located is abnormal or there is a new monitoring device, the load balancer adjusts its position according to the command of the controller, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the network load balance among different balancers.
图2是本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测方法流程图。如图2所示，本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测方法包括步骤S1～S3。Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a floating water quality detection method for network dynamic adjustment provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 2, the method for detecting the quality of floating waters with network dynamic adjustment provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1-S3.
步骤S1：单片机获取水域质量传感器采集的水域质量参数后，通过ZIGBEE无线网络将所述水域质量参数发送给控制器。Step S1: After the single-chip microcomputer acquires the water quality parameters collected by the water quality sensor, it sends the water quality parameters to the controller through the ZIGBEE wireless network.
具体而言，在每个监测装置中，包括一个单片机、一个水域质量传感器及RFID标签，三者集成为一个监测装置。其中，水域质量传感器用于测定并收集水向、水速、水温、PH值、悬浮物等水域质量参数，并将所述参数实时传送给与其集成的单片机。Specifically, each monitoring device includes a single-chip microcomputer, a water quality sensor and an RFID tag, and the three are integrated into a monitoring device. Among them, the water quality sensor is used to measure and collect water quality parameters such as water direction, water speed, water temperature, pH value, suspended solids, etc., and transmit the parameters to the integrated single-chip microcomputer in real time.
于本实施例中，单片机内设定时器，定时向控制器发送自身获取到的水域质量参数。单片机及控制器通过各自内置的ZIGBEE无线通信装置组成ZIGBEE无线网络，进行数据传输。In this embodiment, a timer is built in the single-chip microcomputer to send the water quality parameters obtained by itself to the controller at regular intervals. The single-chip microcomputer and the controller form a ZIGBEE wireless network through their built-in ZIGBEE wireless communication devices for data transmission.
步骤S2：所述控制器将所述水域质量参数发送给服务器，服务器处理所述水域质量参数后进行显示。Step S2: the controller sends the water quality parameters to the server, and the server processes the water quality parameters for display.
具体而言，服务器将水域质量参数按照预定的方式进行处理后输出，供管理员查看。Specifically, the server processes the water quality parameters according to a predetermined method and then outputs them for the administrator to view.
于此，控制器还负责协调不同负载均衡器上的单片机数量。具体地，每个负载均衡器为不同单片机分配路由，且所述负载均衡器将自身负载的单片机数量通知控制器。控制器根据每个负载均衡器的最大负荷量及当前负荷量，动态地向负载均衡器发起命令以调整负荷数量，协调整体网络负载的平衡。Here, the controller is also responsible for coordinating the number of MCUs on different load balancers. Specifically, each load balancer assigns routes to different single-chip microcomputers, and the load balancer notifies the controller of the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded by itself. According to the maximum load and current load of each load balancer, the controller dynamically sends commands to the load balancer to adjust the load quantity and coordinate the balance of the overall network load.
若负载均衡器上负载的单片机数量发生变化，所述负载均衡器根据控制器的命令动态调节自身负载的单片机数量。同时，由于各水域质量传感器位置是固定的，当负载发生变化时，对应的负载均衡器将动态调整自身位置，以达到最好的通信效果。If the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded on the load balancer changes, the load balancer dynamically adjusts the number of single-chip microcomputers loaded by itself according to the command of the controller. At the same time, since the position of each water quality sensor is fixed, when the load changes, the corresponding load balancer will dynamically adjust its position to achieve the best communication effect.
步骤S3：管理员根据服务器显示的异常数据，利用RFID阅读器查找失效的监测装置。Step S3: The administrator uses the RFID reader to search for the failed monitoring device according to the abnormal data displayed by the server.
具体而言，服务器对水域质量参数进行处理后输出，供管理员进行分析使用。当监测装置中的传感器或单片机失效时，服务器显示数据将出现异常。此时利用主控装置中的RFID阅读器查找对应的RFID标签，所述RFID标签即对应失效的监测装置。Specifically, the server processes the water quality parameters and outputs them for analysis by the administrator. When the sensor or single chip microcomputer in the monitoring device fails, the server will display abnormal data. At this time, use the RFID reader in the main control device to find the corresponding RFID tag, and the RFID tag corresponds to the failed monitoring device.
本实施例中的RFID标签为主动式标签，具有较长的读取距离。管理员查找失效的监测装置时，按照服务器显示的通信异常的RFID标签编号，即可在监测现场通过RFID阅读器快速找出失效监测装置中的RFID标签，以便于维修人员有针对性地对异常的监测装置进行处理。The RFID tag in this embodiment is an active tag with a longer reading distance. When looking for a failed monitoring device, the administrator can quickly find out the RFID tag in the failed monitoring device through the RFID reader at the monitoring site according to the RFID tag number of the abnormal communication displayed on the server, so that the maintenance personnel can find out the abnormality in a targeted manner. The monitoring device is processed.
综上所述，根据本发明较佳实施例提供的网络动态调整的漂浮式水域质量检测系统及方法，使单片机与控制器间通过ZIGBEE方式进行通信，省去了布线的麻烦；RFID技术的引入，可以在监测装置出错时，帮助工作人员通过RFID阅读器查找到服务器无法接收的节点进行维修，提高了工作效率。同时，设置负载均衡器负荷不同单片机间的路由，并且负载均衡器还可动态调节自身位置以达到无线网络负载均衡，大大降低了无线网络拥堵的风险。In summary, according to the network dynamic adjustment floating water quality detection system and method provided by the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single chip and the controller can communicate through the ZIGBEE mode, which saves the trouble of wiring; the introduction of RFID technology , when the monitoring device makes an error, it can help the staff to find the node that the server cannot receive through the RFID reader for maintenance, which improves the work efficiency. At the same time, the load balancer can be set to route between MCUs with different loads, and the load balancer can also dynamically adjust its position to achieve wireless network load balancing, which greatly reduces the risk of wireless network congestion.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310613762.4ACN103593636B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | A kind of floatation type water quality detection system of network dynamic adjustment and method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310613762.4ACN103593636B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | A kind of floatation type water quality detection system of network dynamic adjustment and method |
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| CN103593636A CN103593636A (en) | 2014-02-19 |
| CN103593636Btrue CN103593636B (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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| CN201310613762.4AExpired - Fee RelatedCN103593636B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | A kind of floatation type water quality detection system of network dynamic adjustment and method |
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