CN103516555A - Network device monitoring method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种网络设备监控方法及系统。网络设备监控方法包括：按照网络设备的类型为网络设备创建设备模型文件，设备模型文件中指明网络设备对各监控项目所承载的协议，协议包括SNMP协议和/或Telnet协议，若为SNMP协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，若为Telnet协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法；添加被监控网络设备，并为被监控网络设备选择监控项目；读取被监控网络设备的设备模型文件，获取为该被监控网络设备所选择的监控项目所承载的协议及该协议对应的相关信息；根据选择的监控项目及其所承载的协议对被监控网络设备进行监控。本发明的网络设备监控方法及系统具有高扩展性和高兼容性。

The invention relates to a network equipment monitoring method and system. The network device monitoring method comprises: creating a device model file for the network device according to the type of the network device, specifying in the device model file the protocol carried by the network device for each monitoring item, the protocol includes the SNMP protocol and/or the Telnet protocol, if it is the SNMP protocol, The device model file also indicates the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item. If it is a Telnet protocol, the device model file also indicates the command statement and result analysis syntax corresponding to the monitoring item; Monitor network equipment and select monitoring items; read the device model file of the monitored network equipment, obtain the protocol carried by the monitoring item selected for the monitored network equipment and the relevant information corresponding to the protocol; The carried protocol monitors the monitored network equipment. The network equipment monitoring method and system of the present invention have high expansibility and high compatibility.

Description

Translated fromChinese

网络设备监控方法及系统Network device monitoring method and system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及网络技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络设备监控方法及系统。The invention relates to the field of network technology, in particular to a method and system for monitoring network equipment.

背景技术Background technique

随着网络技术的发展，计算机网络在商业、金融、交通、通信、服务业等社会各个领域都发挥着不可替代的作用。网络设备作为计算机网络的基础设施，承载着各领域应用系统的关键服务，对服务的正常运行起着关键的支撑作用。随着网络技术的飞速发展，网络本身也变得越来越复杂，其规模、复杂性和异构性都大大增加，网络连接、性能、安全等方面的问题随之出现。如果没有一个高效的网络设备管理系统来监测、控制网络设备的运行，将难以保证为用户提供满意的服务。因此，网络设备管理的有效实施具有非常重要的现实和社会意义。With the development of network technology, computer networks play an irreplaceable role in various fields of society such as commerce, finance, transportation, communication, and service industries. As the infrastructure of computer networks, network equipment carries key services of application systems in various fields and plays a key supporting role in the normal operation of services. With the rapid development of network technology, the network itself has become more and more complex, its scale, complexity and heterogeneity have greatly increased, and problems in network connection, performance, security and other aspects have emerged. If there is no efficient network equipment management system to monitor and control the operation of network equipment, it will be difficult to guarantee satisfactory services for users. Therefore, the effective implementation of network equipment management has very important practical and social significance.

鉴于上述网络设备管理的需求，大量商用和开源的网络设备管理系统应运而生。大型商用网络监控平台以HP OpenView为代表，常用的开源网络设备软件包括Zenoss、Nagios、cacti等。同时，各设备生产厂商也提供针对其自家设备的管理系统，如Cisco、华三。上述网络设备管理系统，均以SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol,简单网络管理协议)协议为基础实现。SNMP协议是基于MIB（Management Information Base，管理信息库）库的，MIB库将设备信息按照树形结构组织到一起，每条设备信息是树的一个结点。由于网络设备的多样性，网络设备监控需求繁多，标准MIB中，只包含常用设备信息，如网络接口状态、CPU利用率、内存利用率、风扇运行状况等信息。当网络设备有特殊的功能并且有特殊监控需求时，基于SNMP协议的标准MIB库则不够用了。为了解决这个问题，各设备生产厂商，对MIB库进行扩展，制定私有的MIB库，这样使得SNMP可支持对特殊监控需求。但当某监控需求，在SNMP协议中不支持的时候，用户就无法通过SNMP协议获得设备信息。为此，nagio提出了扩展插件的解决方案，通过编写自定义插件，来扩展监控功能。但是这种自定义插件机制有两个缺点：一是对使用者的知识程度要求较高，需要使用者会编写程序，包括执行shell脚本的程序，返回结果解析程序等；二是，需要将编写的自定义的插件安装到被控网络设备中，这对路由器、交换机等非通用系统平台的设备来说，是无法实现的。In view of the above-mentioned requirements for network device management, a large number of commercial and open source network device management systems have emerged. Large-scale commercial network monitoring platforms are represented by HP OpenView, and commonly used open source network device software includes Zenoss, Nagios, cacti, etc. At the same time, various equipment manufacturers also provide management systems for their own equipment, such as Cisco and H3C. The above-mentioned network equipment management systems are all implemented based on the SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol, Simple Network Management Protocol) protocol. The SNMP protocol is based on the MIB (Management Information Base, Management Information Base) library. The MIB library organizes device information together in a tree structure, and each piece of device information is a node of the tree. Due to the diversity of network devices, there are many requirements for network device monitoring. The standard MIB only contains common device information, such as network interface status, CPU utilization rate, memory utilization rate, and fan operating status. When network devices have special functions and special monitoring requirements, the standard MIB library based on SNMP protocol is not enough. In order to solve this problem, each equipment manufacturer expands the MIB library and develops a private MIB library, so that SNMP can support special monitoring requirements. However, when a monitoring requirement is not supported by the SNMP protocol, the user cannot obtain device information through the SNMP protocol. To this end, nagio proposed a solution to extend the plug-in, by writing a custom plug-in to extend the monitoring function. However, this custom plug-in mechanism has two disadvantages: one is that it requires a high degree of knowledge of the user, and the user needs to be able to write programs, including programs that execute shell scripts, return result analysis programs, etc.; The custom plug-in installed in the controlled network device, which is not possible for routers, switches and other non-general system platform devices.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种网络设备监控方法及系统，提高可扩展性和兼容性。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a network equipment monitoring method and system to improve scalability and compatibility.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出了一种网络设备监控方法，包括：In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for monitoring network equipment, including:

步骤一，按照网络设备的类型为网络设备创建设备模型文件，所述设备模型文件中指明该网络设备对各监控项目所承载的协议，所述协议包括SNMP协议和/或Telnet协议，若为SNMP协议，则所述设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，若为Telnet协议，则所述设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法；Step 1, create a device model file for the network device according to the type of the network device, specify the protocol carried by the network device to each monitoring item in the device model file, the protocol includes the SNMP protocol and/or the Telnet protocol, if it is SNMP agreement, then also specify the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item in the described device model file, if it is a Telnet protocol, then also specify the command statement and result parsing grammar corresponding to the monitoring item in the described device model file;

步骤二，添加被监控网络设备，并为该被监控网络设备选择监控项目；Step 2, add the monitored network device, and select the monitoring item for the monitored network device;

步骤三，读取所述被监控网络设备的设备模型文件，获取为该被监控网络设备所选择的监控项目所承载的协议及该协议对应的相关信息；Step 3, read the device model file of the monitored network device, and obtain the protocol carried by the monitoring item selected for the monitored network device and the relevant information corresponding to the protocol;

步骤四，根据选择的监控项目及其所承载的协议对所述被监控网络设备进行监控。Step 4, monitor the monitored network device according to the selected monitoring item and the protocol carried by it.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控方法还可具有以下特点，所述监控项目包括采集状态信息、采集故障信息、采集配置信息和下发配置信息。Further, the above network device monitoring method may also have the following features, the monitoring items include collecting status information, collecting fault information, collecting configuration information and delivering configuration information.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控方法还可具有以下特点，步骤四包括：Further, the above-mentioned network device monitoring method may also have the following characteristics, step 4 includes:

选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议，则从设备模型文件中获取该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，向被监控网络设备发出get请求，捕获该被监控网络设备的响应报文并解析，提取出配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心；The selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, and the protocol carried is SNMP protocol, then obtain the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file, send a get request to the monitored network device, and capture the monitored Analyze and analyze the response message of the network device, extract the configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center;

选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议，则从设备模型文件中读取该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法，利用与该被监控网络设备的Telnet连接，自动执行所述命令语句，并使用所述结果解析语法对该被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，获得配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心。The selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol, then read the command statement and result analysis syntax corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file, and use the Telnet connection with the monitored network device , automatically execute the command statement, and use the result parsing syntax to parse the string fed back by the monitored network device to obtain configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控方法还可具有以下特点，步骤四包括：Further, the above-mentioned network device monitoring method may also have the following characteristics, step 4 includes:

选择的监控项目为采集故障信息，则通过创建SNMP协议trap信息接收服务来捕获被监控网络设备发生故障时产生的trap报文，解析该trap报文，获得故障信息并存储到数据存储中心。The selected monitoring item is to collect fault information, then create the SNMP protocol trap information receiving service to capture the trap message generated when the monitored network device fails, parse the trap message, obtain the fault information and store it in the data storage center.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控方法还可具有以下特点，步骤四包括：Further, the above-mentioned network device monitoring method may also have the following characteristics, step 4 includes:

选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议，则读取对应的OID，向被监控网络设备发起配置请求，配置请求中包含需要修改的配置和修改该配置需要的参数，捕获被监控网络设备响应报文并解析，将解析结果存储到数据存储中心；The selected monitoring item is to send configuration information, and the protocol carried by the SNMP protocol is to read the corresponding OID and initiate a configuration request to the monitored network device. The configuration request includes the configuration that needs to be modified and the parameters required to modify the configuration, and captures The monitored network device responds to the message and analyzes it, and stores the analysis result in the data storage center;

选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议，则获取下发配置信息这一监控项目对应的配置命令，与被监控网络设备自动建立Telnet连接并执行所述配置命令，对被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，将解析出的配置命令执行结果存储到数据存储中心。The selected monitoring item is to send configuration information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol, then obtain the configuration command corresponding to the monitoring item of sending configuration information, automatically establish a Telnet connection with the monitored network device and execute the configuration command, and the The character string fed back by the monitoring network device is parsed, and the parsed configuration command execution result is stored in the data storage center.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明提出了一种网络设备监控系统，包括顺次相连的创建模块、添加及选择模块、读取模块及监控模块，其中：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a network equipment monitoring system, including a creation module, an addition and selection module, a reading module and a monitoring module connected in sequence, wherein:

创建模块，用于按照网络设备的类型为网络设备创建设备模型文件，所述设备模型文件中指明该网络设备对各监控项目所承载的协议，所述协议包括SNMP协议和/或Telnet协议，若为SNMP协议，则所述设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，若为Telnet协议，则所述设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法；Creating a module, used to create a device model file for the network device according to the type of the network device, specifying the protocol carried by the network device for each monitoring item in the device model file, the protocol includes the SNMP protocol and/or the Telnet protocol, if For the SNMP protocol, the device model file also specifies the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item, and if it is a Telnet protocol, then the device model file also specifies the command statement and result parsing syntax corresponding to the monitoring item;

添加及选择模块，用于添加被监控网络设备，并为该被监控网络设备选择监控项目；Add and select modules, used to add monitored network devices and select monitoring items for the monitored network devices;

读取模块，用于读取所述被监控网络设备的设备模型文件，获取为该被监控网络设备所选择的监控项目所承载的协议及该协议对应的相关信息；A reading module, configured to read the device model file of the monitored network device, and obtain the protocol carried by the monitoring item selected for the monitored network device and related information corresponding to the protocol;

监控模块，用于根据所述添加及选择模块选择的监控项目以及从所述读取模块读取的设备模型文件中获取的该选择的监控项目所承载的协议对所述被监控网络设备进行监控。A monitoring module, configured to monitor the monitored network device according to the monitoring item selected by the adding and selecting module and the protocol carried by the selected monitoring item obtained from the device model file read by the reading module .

进一步地，上述网络设备监控系统还可具有以下特点，所述监控项目包括采集状态信息、采集故障信息、采集配置信息和下发配置信息。Further, the above-mentioned network device monitoring system may also have the following features, the monitoring items include collecting status information, collecting fault information, collecting configuration information and delivering configuration information.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控系统还可具有以下特点，所述监控模块包括：Further, the above-mentioned network equipment monitoring system may also have the following characteristics, and the monitoring module includes:

第一监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议时，从设备模型文件中获取该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，向被监控网络设备发出get请求，捕获该被监控网络设备的响应报文并解析，提取出配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心；The first monitoring unit is used to obtain the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file when the selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, and the protocol carried is the SNMP protocol, and send it to the monitored network device Issue a get request, capture and analyze the response message of the monitored network device, extract configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center;

第二监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议时，从设备模型文件中读取该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法，利用与该被监控网络设备的Telnet连接，自动执行所述命令语句，并使用所述结果解析语法对该被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，获得配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心。The second monitoring unit is used to read the command statement and result parsing syntax corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file when the selected monitoring item is collecting configuration information or collecting status information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol. The Telnet connection of the monitored network device automatically executes the command statement, and uses the result analysis syntax to analyze the string fed back by the monitored network device to obtain configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控系统还可具有以下特点，所述监控模块包括：Further, the above-mentioned network equipment monitoring system may also have the following characteristics, and the monitoring module includes:

第三监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为采集故障信息时，通过创建SNMP协议trap信息接收服务来捕获被监控网络设备发生故障时产生的trap报文，解析该trap报文，获得故障信息并存储到数据存储中心。The third monitoring unit is used to capture the trap message generated when the monitored network device fails by creating the SNMP protocol trap information receiving service when the selected monitoring item is to collect fault information, analyze the trap message, and obtain the fault information and stored in the data storage center.

进一步地，上述网络设备监控系统还可具有以下特点，所述监控模块包括：Further, the above-mentioned network equipment monitoring system may also have the following characteristics, and the monitoring module includes:

第四监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议时，读取对应的OID，向被监控网络设备发起配置请求，配置请求中包含需要修改的配置和修改该配置需要的参数，捕获被监控网络设备飞响应报文并解析，将解析结果存储到数据存储中心；The fourth monitoring unit is used to read the corresponding OID when the selected monitoring item is to issue configuration information and the protocol carried by the SNMP protocol, and initiate a configuration request to the monitored network device. The configuration request includes the configuration and Modify the parameters required by the configuration, capture the response message of the monitored network device and analyze it, and store the analysis result in the data storage center;

第五监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议时，获取下发配置信息这一监控项目对应的配置命令，与被监控网络设备自动建立Telnet连接并执行所述配置命令，对被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，将解析出的配置命令执行结果存储到数据存储中心。The fifth monitoring unit is used to obtain the configuration command corresponding to the monitoring item of sending configuration information when the selected monitoring item is to send configuration information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol, to automatically establish a Telnet connection with the monitored network equipment and Execute the configuration command, parse the character string fed back by the monitored network device, and store the parsed execution result of the configuration command in the data storage center.

本发明的网络设备监控方法及系统具有如下优点：1）可通过Telnet远程登录自动执行各种脚本命令来扩展监控需求，因而具有高扩展性；2）针对同一监控需求，若不同厂商实现的脚本命令不同，则可通过修改配置模板来实现，因而具有高兼容性；3）用户只需按语法编写配置模板，就可以对目标设备进行管理，因而具有易用性；4）针对同一监控需求，若其SNMP协议和Telnet协议都支持，可通过编写配置模板，指定性能较好的协议实现，因而具有灵活性。The network device monitoring method and system of the present invention have the following advantages: 1) various script commands can be automatically executed through Telnet remote login to expand monitoring requirements, thus having high scalability; 2) for the same monitoring requirement, if scripts implemented by different manufacturers Different commands can be realized by modifying the configuration template, so it has high compatibility; 3) The user only needs to write the configuration template according to the syntax to manage the target device, so it is easy to use; 4) For the same monitoring requirements, If both the SNMP protocol and the Telnet protocol are supported, it can be implemented by writing a configuration template and specifying a protocol with better performance, so it has flexibility.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中网络设备监控方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the network equipment monitoring method in the embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例中配置信息和状态信息的采集处理流程图；FIG. 2 is a flow chart of collecting and processing configuration information and state information in an embodiment of the present invention;

图3为本发明实施例中故障信息的采集处理流程图；Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the collection and processing of fault information in the embodiment of the present invention;

图4为本发明实施例中配置信息的下发处理流程图；FIG. 4 is a flow chart of sending configuration information in an embodiment of the present invention;

图5为本发明实施例中网络设备监控系统的结构框图。FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a network device monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

图1为本发明实施例中网络设备监控方法的流程图。如图1所示，本实施例中，网络设备监控方法可以包括如下步骤：FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a network device monitoring method in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the network equipment monitoring method may include the following steps:

步骤S101，按照网络设备的类型为网络设备创建设备模型文件，设备模型文件中指明该网络设备对各监控项目所承载的协议，该协议包括SNMP协议和/或Telnet协议，若为SNMP协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，若为Telnet协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法；Step S101, create a device model file for the network device according to the type of the network device, specify the protocol carried by the network device for each monitoring item in the device model file, the protocol includes the SNMP protocol and/or the Telnet protocol, if it is the SNMP protocol, then The device model file also indicates the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item. If it is a Telnet protocol, the device model file also indicates the command statement and result parsing syntax corresponding to the monitoring item;

本发明可以为不同厂家的网络设备创建设备抽象模型。设备抽象模型采用设备模型文件来描述。设备模型文件采用XML（Extensible MarkupLanguage，可扩展标记语言）文件。设备模型文件中记载该设备的设备类型、监控项目名称、监控项目所承载的协议（SNMP或Telnet）等信息。设备模型文件中还需给出该型号设备对不同监控项目所承载的协议（SNMP/Telnet），若为Telnet协议，需给出命令提示符、控制命令字符串、结果解析语法、错误提示符等信息；若为SNMP协议，需给出对应的OID（Object Identifier,对象标识符）。可以建立设备抽象模型库，用于保存各个网络设备的设备抽象模型。The invention can create device abstract models for network devices of different manufacturers. The device abstract model is described by the device model file. The device model file adopts XML (Extensible MarkupLanguage, Extensible Markup Language) file. The device model file records information such as the device type of the device, the name of the monitoring item, and the protocol (SNMP or Telnet) carried by the monitoring item. The device model file also needs to give the protocol (SNMP/Telnet) carried by this type of device for different monitoring items. If it is the Telnet protocol, it needs to give the command prompt, control command string, result analysis syntax, error prompt, etc. Information; if it is the SNMP protocol, the corresponding OID (Object Identifier, Object Identifier) needs to be given. A device abstract model library can be established to store the device abstract models of various network devices.

其中，监控项目可以包括采集状态信息、采集故障信息、采集配置信息和下发配置信息等。Wherein, the monitoring items may include collecting status information, collecting fault information, collecting configuration information, and delivering configuration information.

步骤S102，添加被监控网络设备，并为该被监控网络设备选择监控项目；Step S102, adding a monitored network device, and selecting a monitoring item for the monitored network device;

可以通过用户WEB接口来添加被监控网络设备，并选择需要对哪些监控项目进行监控。在添加时，需提供被监控网络设备的ip地址、所属设备类型、所需采集的信息等参数。You can add monitored network devices through the user WEB interface, and select which monitoring items need to be monitored. When adding, you need to provide parameters such as the IP address of the monitored network device, the type of device it belongs to, and the information to be collected.

步骤S103，读取被监控网络设备的设备模型文件，获取为该被监控网络设备所选择的监控项目所承载的协议及该协议对应的相关信息；Step S103, read the device model file of the monitored network device, and obtain the protocol carried by the monitoring item selected for the monitored network device and the relevant information corresponding to the protocol;

协议对应的相关信息即指步骤S101中所说的对象标识符OID、命令语句和结果解析语法等信息。The relevant information corresponding to the protocol refers to the information such as the object identifier OID mentioned in step S101, the command statement and the result analysis syntax.

步骤S104，根据选择的监控项目及其所承载的协议对被监控网络设备进行监控。Step S104, monitor the monitored network device according to the selected monitoring item and the protocol carried by it.

在本发明其他实施例中，在步骤S104之后还可以包括如下步骤：显示监控项目的监控结果。用户WEB接口负责搭建WEB服务架构，提供图形化监控界面。用户可通过用户WEB接口实现的界面查看被监控设备的现有配置信息、状态信息和故障信息等监控结果。In other embodiments of the present invention, the following step may be further included after step S104: displaying the monitoring results of the monitoring items. The user WEB interface is responsible for building the WEB service architecture and providing a graphical monitoring interface. Users can view the monitoring results such as the existing configuration information, status information and fault information of the monitored equipment through the interface implemented by the user WEB interface.

本发明中使用数据存储中心来存储系统信息、被监控网络设备列表、被监控网络设备的状态信息、配置信息等数据。In the present invention, the data storage center is used to store data such as system information, a list of monitored network equipment, status information and configuration information of the monitored network equipment.

在本发明其他实施例中，步骤四可以包括：选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议，则从设备模型文件中获取该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，向被监控网络设备发出get请求，捕获该被监控网络设备的响应报文并解析，提取出配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心；选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议，则从设备模型文件中读取该监控项目对应的命令语句，利用与该被监控网络设备的Telnet连接，自动执行所述命令语句，对该被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，获得配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心。本发明中，对采集到的信息按照如下规则进行解析：对于SNMP协议，根据协议规范解析；对于通过Telnet远程连接得到的信息字符串，采用带相对坐标的模式匹配方法提取关键数据。具体地，采集配置信息或采集状态信息的处理流程可以如图2所示。In other embodiments of the present invention, step 4 may include: the selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, and the protocol carried is the SNMP protocol, then obtain the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file, Send a get request to the monitored network device, capture and analyze the response message of the monitored network device, extract the configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center; the selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, If the carried protocol is the Telnet protocol, read the command statement corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file, use the Telnet connection with the monitored network device to automatically execute the command statement, and the characters fed back to the monitored network device Strings are parsed to obtain configuration information or status information, and stored in the data storage center. In the present invention, the collected information is analyzed according to the following rules: for the SNMP protocol, it is analyzed according to the protocol specification; for the information character string obtained through the Telnet remote connection, the key data is extracted by using a pattern matching method with relative coordinates. Specifically, the processing flow of collecting configuration information or collecting state information may be as shown in FIG. 2 .

图2为本发明实施例中配置信息和状态信息的采集处理流程图。在本发明实施例中，参见图2，配置信息和状态信息的采集处理流程可以包括如下步骤：FIG. 2 is a flow chart of collecting and processing configuration information and status information in an embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, the collection and processing flow of configuration information and status information may include the following steps:

步骤S201，对设备j的信息采集开始；Step S201, the information collection of device j starts;

步骤S202，i=0;Step S202, i=0;

步骤S203，选取需采集信息i；Step S203, selecting the information i to be collected;

图2中，信息i只可能是配置信息或状态信息。In Figure 2, information i can only be configuration information or status information.

步骤S204，在该设备型号对应的设备模型文件中查询采集该信息需要的协议；Step S204, querying the protocol required for collecting the information in the device model file corresponding to the device model;

步骤S205，判断是否是Telnet协议，若是执行步骤210，否则执行步骤206；Step S205, judging whether it is a Telnet protocol, if it is performed instep 210, otherwise in step 206;

步骤S206，从模型（即设备模型文件）中获取对应的OID；Step S206, obtaining the corresponding OID from the model (that is, the device model file);

步骤S207，向被控设备发出get请求；Step S207, sending a get request to the controlled device;

步骤S208，捕获响应报文并解析；Step S208, capturing and analyzing the response message;

步骤S209，提取设备信息，执行步骤217；Step S209, extract device information, and execute step 217;

这里，设备信息是指配置信息或状态信息。Here, device information refers to configuration information or status information.

步骤S210，读取对应的命令语句；Step S210, reading the corresponding command statement;

步骤S211，判断与该设备的Telnet连接是否存在，若是执行步骤213，否则执行步骤212；Step S211, judging whether there is a Telnet connection with the device, if it executes step 213, otherwise executesstep 212;

步骤S212，与该设备创建Telnet连接；Step S212, creating a Telnet connection with the device;

步骤S213，利用与该设备的Telnet连接，自动执行命令语句；Step S213, utilizing the Telnet connection with the device to automatically execute the command statement;

步骤S214，获得反馈字符串；Step S214, obtaining a feedback character string;

步骤S215，判断反馈字符串是否以错误提示符开头，若是执行步骤S218，否则执行步骤S216；Step S215, judging whether the feedback character string begins with an error prompt, if so, execute step S218, otherwise execute step S216;

步骤S216，利用结果解析语法解析反馈字符串，获得设备信息；Step S216, using the result parsing syntax to parse the feedback string to obtain device information;

步骤S217，将设备信息存储到数据存储中心；Step S217, storing the device information in the data storage center;

步骤S218，i++，执行步骤S203。Step S218, i++, execute step S203.

在本发明其他实施例中，步骤四还可以包括：选择的监控项目为采集故障信息，则通过创建SNMP协议trap信息接收服务来捕获被监控网络设备发生故障时产生的trap报文，解析该trap报文，获得故障信息并存储到数据存储中心。具体地，采集故障信息的流程可以如图3所示。In other embodiments of the present invention, step 4 may also include: the selected monitoring item is to collect fault information, then capture the trap message generated when the monitored network device breaks down by creating an SNMP protocol trap information receiving service, and analyze the trap message, obtain fault information and store it in the data storage center. Specifically, the flow of collecting fault information may be as shown in FIG. 3 .

图3为本发明实施例中故障信息的采集处理流程图。参见图3，故障信息的采集处理流程可以包括如下步骤：Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the collection and processing of fault information in the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 3, the collection and processing flow of fault information may include the following steps:

步骤S301，对trap信息的采集开始；Step S301, the collection of trap information begins;

步骤S302，判断与该设备的Telnet连接是否存在，若是执行步骤304，否则执行步骤303；Step S302, judging whether there is a Telnet connection with the device, if it executes step 304, otherwise executes step 303;

步骤S303，与该设备创建Telnet连接；Step S303, creating a Telnet connection with the device;

步骤S304，利用此连接，设置设备的trap服务器ip为本系统ip；Step S304, using this connection, set the trap server ip of the device as the system ip;

步骤S305，创建TRAP信息接收服务；Step S305, creating a TRAP information receiving service;

步骤S306，监听该服务端口；Step S306, monitor the service port;

步骤S307，捕获trap报文；Step S307, capture trap message;

步骤S308，解析trap报文；Step S308, analyzing the trap message;

步骤S309，将故障信息存储到数据存储中心。Step S309, storing the fault information in the data storage center.

在本发明其他实施例中，步骤四还可以包括：选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议，则读取对应的OID，向被监控网络设备发起配置请求，配置请求中包含需要修改的配置和修改该配置需要的参数，捕获被监控网络设备飞响应报文并解析，将解析结果存储到数据存储中心；选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议，则获取下发配置信息这一监控项目对应的配置命令，与被监控网络设备自动建立Telnet连接并执行所述配置命令，对被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，将解析出的配置命令执行结果存储到数据存储中心。具体地，下发配置信息的流程可以如图4所示。In other embodiments of the present invention, step 4 may also include: the selected monitoring item is to deliver configuration information, and the protocol carried is the SNMP protocol, then read the corresponding OID, and initiate a configuration request to the monitored network device. Contains the configuration that needs to be modified and the parameters required to modify the configuration, captures the response message of the monitored network device and parses it, and stores the parsing result in the data storage center; the selected monitoring item is the distribution of configuration information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol , then obtain the configuration command corresponding to the monitoring item of distributing configuration information, automatically establish a Telnet connection with the monitored network device and execute the configuration command, analyze the string fed back by the monitored network device, and parse the configuration command Execution results are stored in the data storage center. Specifically, the flow of delivering configuration information may be as shown in FIG. 4 .

图4为本发明实施例中配置信息的下发处理流程图。参见图4，配置信息的下发处理流程可以包括如下步骤：FIG. 4 is a flow chart of sending configuration information in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Fig. 4, the process flow of distributing configuration information may include the following steps:

步骤S401，对设备下发配置信息开始；Step S401, start sending configuration information to the device;

步骤S402，在管理界面选择设备、配置项及配置参数；Step S402, selecting equipment, configuration items and configuration parameters on the management interface;

步骤S403，在该设备型号对应的设备模型文件中查询下发该配置需要的协议；Step S403, querying and delivering the protocol required for the configuration in the device model file corresponding to the device model;

步骤S404，判断是否是Telnet协议，若是执行步骤408，否则执行步骤405；Step S404, judging whether it is a Telnet protocol, if it is executed instep 408, otherwise executed instep 405;

步骤S405，从模型中获取对应的OID；Step S405, obtaining the corresponding OID from the model;

步骤S406，向被控设备发出set请求；Step S406, sending a set request to the controlled device;

步骤S407，捕获响应报文并解析；Step S407, capturing and analyzing the response message;

步骤S408，读取对应的命令语句；Step S408, reading the corresponding command statement;

步骤S409，判断与该设备的Telnet连接是否存在，若是执行步骤411，否则执行步骤410；Step S409, judging whether there is a Telnet connection with the device, if so, execute step 411, otherwise execute step 410;

步骤S410，与该设备创建Telnet连接；Step S410, creating a Telnet connection with the device;

步骤S411，利用与该设备的Telnet连接，自动执行命令语句；Step S411, utilizing the Telnet connection with the device to automatically execute the command statement;

步骤S412，获得反馈字符串；Step S412, obtaining a feedback character string;

步骤S413，判断反馈字符串是否以错误提示符开头，若是则结束，否则执行步骤S414；Step S413, judging whether the feedback character string begins with an error prompt, and if so, end, otherwise, execute step S414;

步骤S414，将配置下发结果存储到数据存储中心。Step S414, storing the configuration delivery result in the data storage center.

由图4可见，本发明中，当需要对设备下发配置时，用户需在界面选择需要修改配置的设备，并输入修改该配置需要的参数。之后系统通过读取该型号设备的设备模型文件，确定该配置需使用哪种协议。如果是SNMP协议，则基于SNMP协议向设备发起配置请求；如果是Telnet协议，则与设备自动建立Telnet连接并执行相应的配置语句。It can be seen from FIG. 4 that in the present invention, when the configuration needs to be issued to the device, the user needs to select the device whose configuration needs to be modified on the interface, and input the parameters required to modify the configuration. Afterwards, the system determines which protocol should be used for this configuration by reading the device model file of the device of this type. If it is the SNMP protocol, it will initiate a configuration request to the device based on the SNMP protocol; if it is the Telnet protocol, it will automatically establish a Telnet connection with the device and execute the corresponding configuration statement.

本发明的网络设备监控方法具有如下优点：1）可通过Telnet远程登录自动执行各种脚本命令来扩展监控需求，因而具有高扩展性；2）针对同一监控需求，若不同厂商实现的脚本命令不同，则可通过修改配置模板来实现，因而具有高兼容性；3）用户只需按语法编写配置模板，就可以对目标设备进行管理，因而具有易用性；4）针对同一监控需求，若其SNMP协议和Telnet协议都支持，可通过编写配置模板，指定性能较好的协议实现，因而具有灵活性。综上，本发明的网络设备监控方法扩展性好、兼容性高、易用且灵活性强。The network device monitoring method of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) various script commands can be automatically executed through Telnet remote login to expand monitoring requirements, thus having high scalability; 2) for the same monitoring requirement, if different manufacturers implement different script commands , it can be realized by modifying the configuration template, so it has high compatibility; 3) The user only needs to write the configuration template according to the syntax to manage the target device, so it is easy to use; 4) For the same monitoring requirement, if other Both SNMP protocol and Telnet protocol are supported, and can be implemented by writing a configuration template and specifying a protocol with better performance, so it has flexibility. In summary, the network device monitoring method of the present invention has good scalability, high compatibility, ease of use and strong flexibility.

本发明还提出了一种网络设备监控系统，用以执行上述的网络设备监控方法。The present invention also proposes a network equipment monitoring system, which is used to execute the above-mentioned network equipment monitoring method.

图5为本发明实施例中网络设备监控系统的结构框图。如图5所示，本实施例中，网络设备监控系统包括顺次相连的创建模块510、添加及选择模块520、读取模块530及监控模块540。其中，创建模块510用于按照网络设备的类型为网络设备创建设备模型文件，设备模型文件中指明该网络设备对各监控项目所承载的协议，该协议包括SNMP协议和/或Telnet协议，若为SNMP协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，若为Telnet协议，则设备模型文件中还指明该监控项目对应的命令语句和结果解析语法。添加及选择模块520用于添加被监控网络设备，并为该被监控网络设备选择监控项目。读取模块530用于读取所述被监控网络设备的设备模型文件，获取为该被监控网络设备所选择的监控项目所承载的协议及该协议对应的相关信息。监控模块540用于根据所述添加及选择模块520选择的监控项目以及从所述读取模块530读取的设备模型文件中获取的该选择的监控项目所承载的协议对所述被监控网络设备进行监控。FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a network device monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, the network device monitoring system includes a creation module 510 , an addition and selection module 520 , a reading module 530 and a monitoring module 540 connected in sequence. Wherein, the creation module 510 is used to create a device model file for the network device according to the type of the network device. The device model file specifies the protocol carried by the network device for each monitoring item. The protocol includes the SNMP protocol and/or the Telnet protocol. For the SNMP protocol, the device model file also specifies the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item. If it is the Telnet protocol, the device model file also specifies the command statement and result analysis syntax corresponding to the monitoring item. The adding and selecting module 520 is used for adding a monitored network device, and selecting a monitoring item for the monitored network device. The reading module 530 is configured to read the device model file of the monitored network device, and obtain the protocol carried by the monitoring item selected for the monitored network device and related information corresponding to the protocol. The monitoring module 540 is configured to perform monitoring on the monitored network device according to the monitoring item selected by the adding and selecting module 520 and the protocol carried by the selected monitoring item obtained from the device model file read by the reading module 530 to monitor.

其中，监控项目可以包括采集状态信息、采集故障信息、采集配置信息和下发配置信息等。Wherein, the monitoring items may include collecting status information, collecting fault information, collecting configuration information, and delivering configuration information.

在本发明实施例中，监控模块540可以包括第一监控单元和第二监控单元。第一监控单元用于在选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议时，从设备模型文件中获取监控项目对应的对象标识符OID，向被监控网络设备发出get请求，捕获该被监控网络设备的响应报文并解析，提取出配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心。第二监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为采集配置信息或采集状态信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议时，从设备模型文件中读取该监控项目对应的命令语句，利用与该被监控网络设备的Telnet连接，自动执行所述命令语句，对该被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，获得配置信息或状态信息，并存储到数据存储中心。In the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring module 540 may include a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit. The first monitoring unit is used to obtain the object identifier OID corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file when the selected monitoring item is to collect configuration information or collect status information, and the protocol carried is the SNMP protocol, and send a get to the monitored network device. Request, capture and analyze the response message of the monitored network device, extract configuration information or status information, and store it in the data storage center. The second monitoring unit is used to read the command statement corresponding to the monitoring item from the device model file when the selected monitoring item is collecting configuration information or collecting status information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol, and utilizes the command statement corresponding to the monitored network The Telnet connection of the device automatically executes the command statement, parses the string fed back by the monitored network device, obtains configuration information or status information, and stores it in the data storage center.

在本发明实施例中，监控模块540还可以包括第三监控单元。第三监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为采集故障信息时，通过创建SNMP协议trap信息接收服务来捕获被监控网络设备发生故障时产生的trap报文，解析该trap报文，获得故障信息并存储到数据存储中心。In the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring module 540 may further include a third monitoring unit. The third monitoring unit is used to capture the trap message generated when the monitored network device fails by creating the SNMP protocol trap information receiving service when the selected monitoring item is to collect fault information, analyze the trap message, and obtain the fault information and stored in the data storage center.

在本发明实施例中，监控模块540还可以包括第四监控单元和第五监控单元。第四监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为SNMP协议时，读取对应的OID，向被监控网络设备发起配置请求，配置请求中包含需要修改的配置和修改该配置需要的参数，捕获被监控网络设备飞响应报文并解析，将解析结果存储到数据存储中心。第五监控单元，用于在选择的监控项目为下发配置信息，承载的协议为Telnet协议时，获取下发配置信息这一监控项目对应的配置命令，与被监控网络设备自动建立Telnet连接并执行所述配置命令，对被监控网络设备反馈的字符串进行解析，将解析出的配置命令执行结果存储到数据存储中心。In the embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring module 540 may further include a fourth monitoring unit and a fifth monitoring unit. The fourth monitoring unit is used to read the corresponding OID when the selected monitoring item is to issue configuration information and the protocol carried by the SNMP protocol, and initiate a configuration request to the monitored network device. The configuration request includes the configuration and Modify the parameters required by this configuration, capture and analyze the response message of the monitored network device, and store the analysis result in the data storage center. The fifth monitoring unit is used to obtain the configuration command corresponding to the monitoring item of sending configuration information when the selected monitoring item is to send configuration information, and the protocol carried is the Telnet protocol, to automatically establish a Telnet connection with the monitored network equipment and Execute the configuration command, parse the character string fed back by the monitored network device, and store the parsed execution result of the configuration command in the data storage center.

本发明的网络设备监控系统具有如下优点：1）可通过Telnet远程登录自动执行各种脚本命令来扩展监控需求，因而具有高扩展性；2）针对同一监控需求，若不同厂商实现的脚本命令不同，则可通过修改配置模板来实现，因而具有高兼容性；3）用户只需按语法编写配置模板，就可以对目标设备进行管理，因而具有易用性；4）针对同一监控需求，若其SNMP协议和Telnet协议都支持，可通过编写配置模板，指定性能较好的协议实现，因而具有灵活性。综上，本发明的网络设备监控系统所实施的网络设备监控方法扩展性好、兼容性高、易用且灵活性强。The network equipment monitoring system of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) It can automatically execute various script commands through Telnet remote login to expand monitoring requirements, so it has high scalability; 2) For the same monitoring requirement, if the script commands implemented by different manufacturers are different , it can be realized by modifying the configuration template, so it has high compatibility; 3) The user only needs to write the configuration template according to the syntax to manage the target device, so it is easy to use; 4) For the same monitoring requirement, if other Both SNMP protocol and Telnet protocol are supported, and can be implemented by writing a configuration template and specifying a protocol with better performance, so it has flexibility. In summary, the network device monitoring method implemented by the network device monitoring system of the present invention has good scalability, high compatibility, ease of use and strong flexibility.

以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

1. a network equipment method for supervising, is characterized in that, comprising:

Step 1, according to the type of the network equipment, be that the network equipment creates device model file, in described device model file, indicate the agreement that this network equipment carries each monitoring project, described agreement comprises snmp protocol and/or Telnet agreement, if snmp protocol, in described device model file, also indicate object identifier OID corresponding to this monitoring project, if Telnet agreement also indicates command statement corresponding to this monitoring project and result and resolves grammer in described device model file;

Step 2, adds the monitored network equipment, and is that this monitored network equipment is selected monitoring project;

Step 3, reads the device model file of the described monitored network equipment, is retrieved as agreement and relevant information corresponding to this agreement that the selected monitoring project of this monitored network equipment is carried;

Step 4, monitors the described monitored network equipment according to the monitoring project of selecting and the agreement of carrying thereof.

2. network equipment method for supervising according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described monitoring project comprises acquisition state information, gathers fault message, acquisition configuration information and issue configuration information.

3. network equipment method for supervising according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 4 comprises:

The monitoring project of selecting is acquisition configuration information or acquisition state information, the agreement of carrying is snmp protocol, from device model file, obtain object identifier OID corresponding to this monitoring project, to the monitored network equipment, send get request, catch the response message of this monitored network equipment and resolve, extract configuration information or state information, and store data storage center into;

The monitoring project of selecting is acquisition configuration information or acquisition state information, the agreement of carrying is Telnet agreement, from device model file, read command statement corresponding to this monitoring project and result and resolve grammer, utilize and be connected with the Telnet of this monitored network equipment, automatically perform described command statement, and use described result to resolve grammer the character string of this monitored network equipment feedback is resolved, obtain configuration information or state information, and store data storage center into.

4. network equipment method for supervising according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 4 comprises:

The monitoring project of selecting, for gathering fault message, catches by creating snmp protocol trap information reception service the trap message producing when the monitored network equipment breaks down, and resolves this trap message, obtains fault message and stores data storage center into.

5. network equipment method for supervising according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 4 comprises:

The monitoring project of selecting is for issuing configuration information, the agreement of carrying is snmp protocol, read corresponding OID, to the monitored network equipment, initiate configuring request, in configuring request, comprise the configuration that needs revise and the parameter of revising these configuration needs, catch monitored network equipment response message and resolve, storing analysis result into data storage center;

The monitoring project of selecting is for issuing configuration information, the agreement of carrying is Telnet agreement, obtain and issue configuration order corresponding to this monitoring project of configuration information, automatically setting up Telnet with the monitored network equipment is connected and carries out described configuration order, character string to monitored network equipment feedback is resolved, and stores the configuration order execution result parsing into data storage center.

6. a network equipment supervisory control system, is characterized in that, comprise connected in turn creation module, interpolation and select module, read module and monitoring module, wherein:

Creation module, for according to the type of the network equipment being network equipment establishment device model file, in described device model file, indicate the agreement that this network equipment carries each monitoring project, described agreement comprises snmp protocol and/or Telnet agreement, if snmp protocol, in described device model file, also indicate object identifier OID corresponding to this monitoring project, if Telnet agreement, also indicates command statement corresponding to this monitoring project and result and resolves grammer in described device model file;

Adding and select module, for adding the monitored network equipment, and is that this monitored network equipment is selected monitoring project;

Read module, for reading the device model file of the described monitored network equipment, is retrieved as agreement and relevant information corresponding to this agreement that the selected monitoring project of this monitored network equipment is carried;

Monitoring module, for according to described interpolation and select the agreement that the monitoring project of this selection that the monitoring project that module selects and the device model file reading from described read module obtain is carried to monitor the described monitored network equipment.

7. network equipment supervisory control system according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described monitoring project comprises acquisition state information, gathers fault message, acquisition configuration information and issue configuration information.

8. network equipment supervisory control system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described monitoring module comprises:

The first monitoring unit, for the monitoring project selecting, be acquisition configuration information or acquisition state information, when the agreement of carrying is snmp protocol, from device model file, obtain object identifier OID corresponding to this monitoring project, to the monitored network equipment, send get request, catch the response message of this monitored network equipment and resolve, extracting configuration information or state information, and store data storage center into;

The second monitoring unit, for the monitoring project selecting, be acquisition configuration information or acquisition state information, when the agreement of carrying is Telnet agreement, from device model file, read command statement corresponding to this monitoring project and result and resolve grammer, utilize and be connected with the Telnet of this monitored network equipment, automatically perform described command statement, and use described result to resolve grammer the character string of this monitored network equipment feedback is resolved, obtain configuration information or state information, and store data storage center into.

9. network equipment supervisory control system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described monitoring module comprises:

The 3rd monitoring unit, for the monitoring project selecting, be while gathering fault message, by creating snmp protocol trap information reception service, catch the trap message producing when the monitored network equipment breaks down, resolve this trap message, obtain fault message and also store data storage center into.

10. network equipment supervisory control system according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described monitoring module comprises:

The 4th monitoring unit, be used in the monitoring project of selecting for issuing configuration information, when the agreement of carrying is snmp protocol, read corresponding OID, to the monitored network equipment, initiate configuring request, in configuring request, comprise the configuration that needs revise and the parameter of revising these configuration needs, catch the monitored network equipment and fly also parsing of response message, store analysis result into data storage center;

The 5th monitoring unit, be used in the monitoring project of selecting for issuing configuration information, when the agreement of carrying is Telnet agreement, obtain and issue configuration order corresponding to this monitoring project of configuration information, automatically setting up Telnet with the monitored network equipment is connected and carries out described configuration order, character string to monitored network equipment feedback is resolved, and stores the configuration order execution result parsing into data storage center.

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