技术领域technical field
本发明涉及云计算技术领域，特别是指一种更新虚拟机内部网络资源配置的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of cloud computing, in particular to a method for updating the internal network resource configuration of a virtual machine.
背景技术Background technique
云计算解决方案中，需要创建大量的虚拟机。虚拟机如果要发挥其作用，必须要具备能连通的网络。目前虚拟机要更新网络配置，有两种方法：In cloud computing solutions, a large number of virtual machines need to be created. For a virtual machine to function, it must have a network that can connect. Currently, there are two ways to update the network configuration of a virtual machine:
第一种是通过从外部的DHCP服务器上获取网络配置信息，虚拟机在创建时需要被设置成自动获取网络配置，在虚拟机启动后，获取包括IP地址、子网掩码、网关和DNS服务器的地址。这种方法有两个缺点，首先虚拟机获取到的地址不受控制，DHCP服务容易受到干扰，在局域网内有多个DHCP服务器时，虚拟机能获取到的地址不能由用户决定。其次，这种方式虚拟机能设置的地址范围受到的限制较多，不能满足云计算环境中多VLAN的网络环境需求。再次，在虚拟机更新网络配置以后，在hypervisor外部不能获取到虚拟机的网络配置。The first is to obtain network configuration information from an external DHCP server. The virtual machine needs to be set to automatically obtain the network configuration when it is created. After the virtual machine is started, the IP address, subnet mask, gateway and DNS server are obtained. the address of. This method has two disadvantages. First, the address obtained by the virtual machine is not controlled, and the DHCP service is easily disturbed. When there are multiple DHCP servers in the LAN, the address obtained by the virtual machine cannot be determined by the user. Secondly, the address range that can be set by the virtual machine in this way is more restricted, which cannot meet the network environment requirements of multiple VLANs in the cloud computing environment. Again, after the virtual machine updates the network configuration, the network configuration of the virtual machine cannot be obtained outside the hypervisor.
第二种是通过从登录到虚拟机的命令行界面或图形界面进行直接配置。用户在宿主机上创建虚拟机以后，通过图形化工具登录到虚拟机的命令行界面或图形化界面，使用虚拟机操作系统提供的工具配置网络。这种由用户直接使用虚拟机操作系统的工具配置网络需要用户掌握不同操作系统的配置方法，由于方式的不统一，容易出错。其次，在虚拟机更新网络配置以后，在hypervisor外部也不能获取到虚拟机的网络配置。The second is through direct configuration from a command line interface or a graphical interface logged into the virtual machine. After the user creates a virtual machine on the host machine, he logs in to the command line interface or graphical interface of the virtual machine through a graphical tool, and uses the tools provided by the virtual machine operating system to configure the network. This kind of network configuration by the user directly using the tool of the virtual machine operating system requires the user to master the configuration methods of different operating systems. Due to the inconsistency of the methods, it is easy to make mistakes. Secondly, after the network configuration of the virtual machine is updated, the network configuration of the virtual machine cannot be obtained outside the hypervisor.
为了实现对虚拟机网络资源的有效控制，提升虚拟机在网络资源配置方面的效率，需要一种简单而统一的方式来实现对不同系统、不同平台的虚拟机的DNS、IP等网络资源进行快速而高效的设置。In order to achieve effective control of virtual machine network resources and improve the efficiency of virtual machine network resource allocation, a simple and unified method is needed to quickly monitor network resources such as DNS and IP of virtual machines of different systems and platforms. And efficient setup.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的技术问题在于提供一种简单高效的虚拟机内网络资源配置的方法，解决大量虚拟机网络资源配置时所存在的网络配置不受控制、无法满足多VLAN网络环境需求及不同操作系统配置方法不统一等问题。同时，解决了宿主机实时的在hypervisor外部获取虚拟机里面的网络配置信息。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a simple and efficient method for configuring network resources in a virtual machine, which solves the problem that the network configuration existing in the configuration of a large number of virtual machine network resources is uncontrolled, unable to meet the requirements of multi-VLAN network environments and different operating systems Problems such as inconsistent configuration methods. At the same time, it solves the problem that the host obtains the network configuration information in the virtual machine outside the hypervisor in real time.
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案是：所述方法按以下流程实现：The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem is: described method is realized according to the following process:
步骤1：制作一个带有虚拟串口的虚拟机镜像，并默认运行一个串口服务；Step 1: Make a virtual machine image with a virtual serial port, and run a serial port service by default;
步骤2：在宿主机上利用步骤1制作的虚拟机镜像创建虚拟机；然后，宿主机利用串口工具向虚拟机的串口发送预定的配置网络资源串口命令；Step 2: Create a virtual machine on the host computer using the virtual machine image made in step 1; then, the host computer uses the serial port tool to send a predetermined configuration network resource serial port command to the serial port of the virtual machine;
步骤3：虚拟机的串口服务监听指定的虚拟串口，解析接收到的串口命令，得到网络配置参数；如果解析出来的参数信息有效，执行步骤4；如果解析出来的命令不正确参数信息无效，则更新失败；Step 3: The serial port service of the virtual machine monitors the specified virtual serial port, parses the received serial port command, and obtains the network configuration parameters; if the parsed parameter information is valid, perform step 4; if the parsed command is incorrect and the parameter information is invalid, then update failed;
步骤4：虚拟机的串口服务根据解析得到的DNS参数进行DNS的设置；如果设置成功，执行步骤5；否则更新失败；Step 4: The serial port service of the virtual machine performs DNS setting according to the DNS parameters obtained by parsing; if the setting is successful, perform step 5; otherwise, the update fails;
步骤5：虚拟机的串口服务继续根据解析得到的IP参数信息设置IP、子网掩码、网关；如果设置成功；执行步骤6；如果IP设置失败，则整个网络资源配置过程更新失败；Step 5: The serial port service of the virtual machine continues to set the IP, subnet mask, and gateway according to the analyzed IP parameter information; if the setting is successful, execute step 6; if the IP setting fails, the entire network resource configuration process update fails;
步骤6：串口通信处理器通过串口向宿主机回发网络资源配置成功信息；Step 6: The serial port communication processor sends back the successful information of network resource configuration to the host through the serial port;
所述的宿主机是指虚拟机所依赖的计算节点，上面运行有虚拟机管理程序hypervisor；可实时的通过串口通信在hypervisor外部获取虚拟机里面的网络配置信息，以实现宿主机对虚拟机网络资源的有效监控；The host machine refers to the computing node on which the virtual machine depends, on which a virtual machine management program hypervisor is run; the network configuration information in the virtual machine can be obtained outside the hypervisor through serial port communication in real time, so as to realize the network configuration between the host machine and the virtual machine. Effective monitoring of resources;
所述串口服务包括串口监听模块、串口命令解析模块和网络资源设置模块，当虚拟机被创建并进入操作系统以后自动运行；The serial port service includes a serial port monitoring module, a serial port command parsing module and a network resource setting module, which run automatically after the virtual machine is created and enters the operating system;
所述的串口监听模块是一个用Python脚本写的服务进程模块，运行于虚拟机，用以接收从宿主机传来的串口命令；The serial port monitoring module is a service process module written in Python script, which runs on a virtual machine and is used to receive serial port commands transmitted from the host computer;
所述串口命令解析模块是一个命令识别模块，从串口监听模块里获得串口命令，根据预定串口命令格式自动进行参数解析；The serial port command parsing module is a command recognition module, obtains the serial port command from the serial port monitoring module, and automatically performs parameter parsing according to the predetermined serial port command format;
所述的网络资源设置模块是一个跨平台的模块，是一个同时满足Windows虚拟机与Linux虚拟机的网络资源配置模块，根据串口命令解析模块解析得到的参数信息，调用不同平台的不同网络配置命令进行网络资源的设置。The network resource setting module is a cross-platform module, which is a network resource configuration module that satisfies both the Windows virtual machine and the Linux virtual machine. According to the parameter information obtained by the serial port command analysis module, different network configuration commands of different platforms are called Configure network resources.
当虚拟机在使用过程中，里面的IP地址、网关、子网掩码和DNS信息被用户手动修改而与云平台显示的不一致时，可以通过串口服务定时的进行宿主机与虚拟机通信来实现网络资源的同步。When the virtual machine is in use, the IP address, gateway, subnet mask and DNS information inside are manually modified by the user and inconsistent with the cloud platform display, it can be realized by regularly communicating with the host machine and the virtual machine through the serial port service Synchronization of network resources.
采用本发明的方法，可以实现对不同系统、不同平台的虚拟机的DNS、IP等网络资源进行快速而高效的设置。解决大量虚拟机网络资源配置时所存在的网络配置不受控制、无法满足多VLAN网络环境需求及不同操作系统配置方法不统一等问题。同时，宿主机可以实时的在hypervisor外部获取虚拟机里面的网络配置信息。By adopting the method of the invention, fast and efficient setting of network resources such as DNS and IP of virtual machines of different systems and different platforms can be realized. Solve the problems of uncontrolled network configuration, inability to meet the requirements of multi-VLAN network environment, and inconsistent configuration methods of different operating systems when configuring a large number of virtual machine network resources. At the same time, the host can obtain the network configuration information in the virtual machine outside the hypervisor in real time.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:
图1为本发明方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
图2为本发明串口通信模块结构框图。Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of the serial port communication module of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1所示，本发明所述方法按以下流程实现：As shown in Figure 1, the method of the present invention is realized according to the following processes:
步骤1：制作一个带有虚拟串口的虚拟机镜像，并默认运行一个串口服务；Step 1: Make a virtual machine image with a virtual serial port, and run a serial port service by default;
步骤2：在宿主机上利用步骤1制作的虚拟机镜像创建虚拟机；然后，宿主机利用串口工具向虚拟机的串口发送预定的配置网络资源串口命令；Step 2: Create a virtual machine on the host computer using the virtual machine image made in step 1; then, the host computer uses the serial port tool to send a predetermined configuration network resource serial port command to the serial port of the virtual machine;
步骤3：虚拟机的串口服务监听指定的虚拟串口，解析接收到的串口命令，得到网络配置参数(主要是指DNS，IP，子网掩码，网关)；如果解析出来的参数信息有效，执行步骤4；如果解析出来的命令不正确参数信息无效，则更新失败；Step 3: The serial port service of the virtual machine monitors the specified virtual serial port, parses the received serial port commands, and obtains network configuration parameters (mainly referring to DNS, IP, subnet mask, and gateway); if the parsed parameter information is valid, execute Step 4; if the parsed command is incorrect and the parameter information is invalid, the update fails;
步骤4：虚拟机的串口服务根据解析得到的DNS参数进行DNS的设置；如果设置成功，执行步骤5；否则更新失败；Step 4: The serial port service of the virtual machine performs DNS setting according to the DNS parameters obtained by parsing; if the setting is successful, perform step 5; otherwise, the update fails;
步骤5：虚拟机的串口服务继续根据解析得到的IP参数信息设置IP、子网掩码、网关；如果设置成功；执行步骤6；如果IP设置失败，则整个网络资源配置过程更新失败；Step 5: The serial port service of the virtual machine continues to set the IP, subnet mask, and gateway according to the analyzed IP parameter information; if the setting is successful, execute step 6; if the IP setting fails, the entire network resource configuration process update fails;
步骤6：串口通信处理器通过串口向宿主机回发网络资源配置成功信息。Step 6: The serial port communication processor sends back the information of network resource configuration success to the host computer through the serial port.
前述宿主机是指虚拟机所依赖的计算节点，上面运行有虚拟机管理程序hypervisor(虚拟机管理程序是计算机虚拟化技术云计算领域里的一种创建虚拟机、管理虚拟机的平台，目前主流的有XEN，KVM等)；可实时的通过串口通信在hypervisor外部获取虚拟机里面的网络配置信息，以实现宿主机对虚拟机网络资源的有效监控。The aforementioned host machine refers to the computing node on which the virtual machine depends, on which a virtual machine management program hypervisor (virtual machine management program is a platform for creating and managing virtual machines in the field of computer virtualization technology cloud computing, the current mainstream There are XEN, KVM, etc.); the network configuration information in the virtual machine can be obtained outside the hypervisor through serial communication in real time, so as to realize the effective monitoring of the network resources of the virtual machine by the host.
上述串口服务是指一个用Python写的脚本程序，用该程序可以是宿主机和虚拟机里的串口服务进行通讯；包括串口监听模块、串口命令解析模块和网络资源设置模块，当虚拟机被创建并进入操作系统以后自动运行；串口监听模块是一个用Python脚本写的服务进程模块，运行于虚拟机，用以接收从宿主机传来的串口命令；串口命令解析模块是一个命令识别模块，从串口监听模块里获得串口命令，根据预定串口命令格式自动进行参数解析；网络资源设置模块是一个跨平台的模块，是一个同时满足Windows虚拟机与Linux虚拟机的网络资源配置模块，根据串口命令解析模块解析得到的参数信息，调用不同平台的不同网络配置命令进行网络资源的设置。The above-mentioned serial port service refers to a script program written in Python, which can communicate with the serial port service in the host machine and the virtual machine; it includes a serial port monitoring module, a serial port command parsing module and a network resource setting module. When the virtual machine is created And run automatically after entering the operating system; the serial port monitoring module is a service process module written in Python script, running on the virtual machine to receive serial port commands from the host computer; the serial port command parsing module is a command recognition module, from The serial port monitoring module obtains serial port commands, and automatically analyzes parameters according to the predetermined serial port command format; the network resource setting module is a cross-platform module, which is a network resource configuration module that satisfies both Windows virtual machines and Linux virtual machines, and analyzes according to serial port commands The module analyzes the parameter information obtained, and calls different network configuration commands of different platforms to set up network resources.
所述的通过串口通信实现宿主机对虚拟机网络资源进行有效监控是指当虚拟机在使用过程中，里面的IP地址、网关、子网掩码和DNS等信息被用户手动修改而与云平台显示的不一致时，可以通过串口服务定时的进行宿主机与虚拟机通信来实现网络资源的同步。The effective monitoring of the network resources of the virtual machine by the host computer through serial port communication refers to that when the virtual machine is in use, the information such as the IP address, gateway, subnet mask and DNS inside is manually modified by the user and is not related to the cloud platform. When the displayed information is inconsistent, the host computer and the virtual machine can be communicated regularly through the serial port service to realize the synchronization of network resources.
如图2所示，是串口通信模块结构框图；先制作一个虚拟机镜像，上面包含一个虚拟串口，并默认运行一个串口服务模块，本过程可以由libvirt.xml中定义的一个虚拟串口来实现，定义如下：As shown in Figure 2, it is a structural block diagram of the serial communication module; first create a virtual machine image, which contains a virtual serial port, and runs a serial port service module by default. This process can be realized by a virtual serial port defined in libvirt.xml. It is defined as follows:
这里定义了一个串口，端口号是0，并且映射到了物理机的/dev/pts/O设备文件上；A serial port is defined here, the port number is 0, and it is mapped to the /dev/pts/O device file of the physical machine;
串口服务模块中的串口监听模块启动以一个服务进程的方式运行于虚拟机等待宿主机传来的串口命令，代码如下：The serial port monitoring module in the serial port service module starts to run as a service process on the virtual machine and waits for the serial port commands from the host machine. The code is as follows:
以上定义了一个listening函数，利用“while 1”死循环调用recv_msg(port)监听指定的port端口。The above defines a listening function, which uses the "while 1" infinite loop to call recv_msg(port) to listen to the specified port.
串口服务中串口命令解析模块根据监听模块接收到的msg信息，调用process_msg(msg)进行msg消息的解析，代码如下：The serial port command analysis module in the serial port service calls process_msg(msg) to analyze the msg message according to the msg information received by the monitoring module. The code is as follows:
代码中的FUNCTION对应的宏定义表示预定义的串口命令中相关格式，本发明使用关键字和处理函数映射方式实现自动函数调用。如下所示，省略号代表可扩展。The macro definition corresponding to FUNCTION in the code represents the relevant format in the predefined serial port command, and the present invention uses keywords and processing function mapping methods to realize automatic function calling. As shown below, ellipses represent expandable.
串口服务的网络配置处理模块用以完成DNS和IP的设置，针对Linux系统，调用ifconfig、route等命令进行网络资源设置；针对Windows系统，则调用netsh等命令进行处理，代码如下：The network configuration processing module of the serial port service is used to complete the DNS and IP settings. For Linux systems, call ifconfig, route and other commands to set network resources; for Windows systems, call netsh and other commands for processing. The code is as follows:
上述代码中首先判断虚拟机自身运行的操作系统类型(主要区分为：windows类型和linux类型)，然后根据传来的串口命令形成网络资源配置命令cmd，最后针对不同的系统平台调用不同的命令执行cmd，完成网络资源配置的过程，并将配置结果信息回发给宿主机。In the above code, first determine the operating system type of the virtual machine itself (mainly divided into: windows type and linux type), and then form the network resource configuration command cmd according to the transmitted serial port command, and finally invoke different command execution for different system platforms cmd, complete the process of network resource configuration, and send the configuration result information back to the host.
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| CN201310357121.7ACN103441867B (en) | 2013-08-15 | 2013-08-15 | Method for updating internal network resource allocation of virtual machine |
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| CN201310357121.7AActiveCN103441867B (en) | 2013-08-15 | 2013-08-15 | Method for updating internal network resource allocation of virtual machine |
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| CN103067242A (en)* | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-24 | 中国电信股份有限公司云计算分公司 | Virtual machine system used for providing network service |
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| CN102707971A (en)* | 2012-04-26 | 2012-10-03 | 广东电子工业研究院有限公司 | Method for automatically acquiring and installing software in virtual machine |
| CN103067242A (en)* | 2012-12-04 | 2013-04-24 | 中国电信股份有限公司云计算分公司 | Virtual machine system used for providing network service |
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| CP02 | Change in the address of a patent holder | Address after:523808 19th Floor, Cloud Computing Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 Kehui Road, Songshan Lake Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee after:G-Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. Address before:523808 No. 14 Building, Songke Garden, Songshan Lake Science and Technology Industrial Park, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before:G-Cloud Technology Co., Ltd. |