CN103441534B - The control strategy that in AGC system, conventional rack coordinates with energy-storage system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略，包括以下步骤：从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得频率偏差和联络线交换功率偏差，计算区域控制偏差；根据区域控制偏差计算系统调节需求功率；将系统调节需求功率分配给传统机组，计算传统机组的目标出力；计算传统机组在当前AGC周期内的最大调节能力；将剩余调节功率分配给储能系统承担；以及校核并下发指令，结束当前AGC周期。本发明有助于快速抑制电力系统的频率与联络线交换功率的波动；可以降低电力系统的调频容量需求，或者在调频容量不变的情况下改善调频控制效果；实现方法简单，几乎没有增加运算量，同时对控制系统硬件环境要求低，不需要对现行的AGC系统做出较大的改变。

The invention discloses a control strategy for the cooperation of a traditional unit and an energy storage system in an AGC system. The deviation calculation system adjusts the required power; allocates the system adjusted required power to the traditional unit, and calculates the target output of the traditional unit; calculates the maximum adjustment capacity of the traditional unit in the current AGC cycle; allocates the remaining adjusted power to the energy storage system; The core issues an instruction to end the current AGC cycle. The invention helps to quickly suppress the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system and the exchange power of the tie line; it can reduce the frequency modulation capacity requirement of the power system, or improve the frequency modulation control effect under the condition that the frequency modulation capacity remains unchanged; the realization method is simple, and there is almost no increase in calculation At the same time, the requirements for the hardware environment of the control system are low, and there is no need to make major changes to the current AGC system.

Description

Translated fromChinese

AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略Control strategy for cooperation between traditional unit and energy storage system in AGC system

技术领域technical field

本发明属于电力系统自动发电控制（Automatic Generation Control，AGC）领域，一种在AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略。The invention belongs to the field of automatic generation control (Automatic Generation Control, AGC) of electric power system, and relates to a control strategy for the cooperation of a traditional unit and an energy storage system in an AGC system.

背景技术Background technique

电力系统的频率是电能质量的一项重要指标，为了维护系统的安全、稳定运行，保护电力设备，系统频率需要维持在相对稳定的范围以内。我国的国标GB/T15945-2008规定，大型电力系统的频率偏差允许范围为频率额定值的4‰以内。调频作为电力系统的一项重要的辅助服务，目的是调动机组出力及时跟随负荷的短期变化，确保系统的频率稳定。The frequency of the power system is an important indicator of power quality. In order to maintain the safe and stable operation of the system and protect the power equipment, the system frequency needs to be maintained within a relatively stable range. my country's national standard GB/T15945-2008 stipulates that the allowable range of frequency deviation of large-scale power systems is within 4‰ of the frequency rating. As an important auxiliary service of the power system, frequency regulation is to mobilize the output of the unit to follow the short-term change of the load in time and ensure the frequency stability of the system.

近年来，在环境污染、温室效益日益加剧，化石能源日益枯竭的大背景下，风电、太阳能等新能源的发展极其迅猛。然而，风能与太阳能出力具有间歇性、出力变化快的特点，对出力进行短期预测也较为困难。为保证系统的安全运行，系统需要更多的调频容量（通常由传统化石燃料机组提供），使得辅助服务的采购成本提高，调频机组的磨损加重；在部分风电穿透率较高的地区，不得不经常进行弃风，导致清洁能源的浪费。此外，在以火电机组为主的北方地区，大量的供热机组在冬季需要以热定电，调节范围严重受限，导致系统调频容量短缺，对间歇性可再生能源的接纳能力进一步下降，导致巨大的经济损失，不利于国家节能环保与碳减排的目标的实现。In recent years, under the background of environmental pollution, increasing greenhouse benefits, and the depletion of fossil energy, new energy sources such as wind power and solar energy have developed extremely rapidly. However, the output of wind energy and solar energy has the characteristics of intermittent and rapid output changes, and it is difficult to predict the output in the short term. In order to ensure the safe operation of the system, the system needs more frequency regulation capacity (usually provided by traditional fossil fuel units), which increases the procurement cost of auxiliary services and increases the wear and tear of frequency regulation units; Wind curtailment is not performed frequently, resulting in waste of clean energy. In addition, in the northern region dominated by thermal power units, a large number of heating units need to use heat to set power in winter, and the adjustment range is severely limited, resulting in a shortage of system frequency modulation capacity and a further decline in the ability to accept intermittent renewable energy, resulting in Huge economic losses are not conducive to the realization of the national goals of energy conservation, environmental protection and carbon emission reduction.

与传统机组相比，储能系统具有爬坡率高、响应速度快的优势，可以快速跟随系统负荷与间歇性可再生能源出力的波动，这些特点使得储能系统在调频应用中具有天然的性能优势，在调频服务市场中具有一定竞争力，有助于缓解风电的大规模接入带来的调频困难，在近年来获得了较多的关注。“储能系统提高间歇式电源接入能力关键技术研究与开发”被列入国家“863计划”先进能源技术领域智能电网关键技术研发（一期）重大项目课题，具有重要的研究价值。Compared with traditional units, the energy storage system has the advantages of high ramp rate and fast response speed, and can quickly follow the fluctuation of system load and intermittent renewable energy output. These characteristics make the energy storage system have natural performance in frequency modulation applications Advantages, it has certain competitiveness in the frequency regulation service market, which helps to alleviate frequency regulation difficulties caused by large-scale access to wind power, and has received more attention in recent years. "Research and development of key technology for energy storage system to improve intermittent power access capability" has been included in the national "863 Program" advanced energy technology field smart grid key technology research and development (phase I) major project topic, which has important research value.

但是，储能系统的成本较高，技术尚不完全成熟，容量和电量与传统机组相比仍有较大的差距，阻碍了储能系统在电力系统中的应用；在可以预见的一段时期内，储能系统与传统机组相互配合，共同提供电力系统调频服务将成为主流。但是，传统机组与储能系统的技术特点有显著的区别：传统机组响应速度慢、爬坡速率有限但是调节范围大；储能系统响应速度快、爬坡速率大但是容量和电量有限。因此，不能简单地将储能系统与传统机组一视同仁，将储能系统直接纳入现行的AGC系统。本发明提出了一种AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略，使得传统机组与储能系统实现优势互补，充分发挥各自的特长、规避不足，更好地完成电力系统调频任务。就调研目前国内现行的AGC控制策略来看，目前尚未有储能系统与传统机组配合参与调频的控制策略的应用。However, the cost of the energy storage system is relatively high, the technology is not yet fully mature, and there is still a large gap between the capacity and power compared with the traditional unit, which hinders the application of the energy storage system in the power system; in the foreseeable period of time , the energy storage system and the traditional unit cooperate with each other to jointly provide power system frequency regulation services will become the mainstream. However, the technical characteristics of traditional units and energy storage systems are significantly different: traditional units have slow response speed, limited ramp rate but large adjustment range; energy storage systems have fast response speed, high ramp rate but limited capacity and power. Therefore, the energy storage system cannot be simply treated the same as the traditional unit, and the energy storage system cannot be directly incorporated into the current AGC system. The invention proposes a control strategy for the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system, so that the advantages of the traditional unit and the energy storage system can be complemented, and their respective advantages can be fully utilized to avoid deficiencies, and better complete the power system frequency regulation task. From the investigation of the current domestic AGC control strategy, there is no application of a control strategy in which the energy storage system and the traditional unit cooperate to participate in frequency regulation.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决上述技术问题之一或至少提供一种有用的商业选择。为此，本发明的目的在于提出一种充分考虑传统机组与储能系统各自的特点，通过合理分配调节功率使二者扬长避短实现互补的AGC控制策略。The present invention aims at solving one of the above technical problems at least to a certain extent or at least providing a useful commercial choice. For this reason, the purpose of the present invention is to propose an AGC control strategy that fully considers the respective characteristics of the traditional unit and the energy storage system, and makes the two complement each other by rationally allocating and regulating power.

根据本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略，包括以下步骤：S1.从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得频率偏差和联络线交换功率偏差，计算区域控制偏差；S2.根据所述区域控制偏差计算系统调节需求功率；S3.将所述系统调节需求功率分配给所述传统机组，计算所述传统机组的目标出力；S4.计算所述传统机组在当前AGC周期内的最大调节能力；S5.将剩余调节功率分配给所述储能系统承担；以及S6.校核并下发指令，结束当前AGC周期。According to the embodiment of the present invention, the control strategy for the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the frequency deviation and the exchange power deviation of the tie line from the data acquisition and monitoring control system, and calculate the regional control deviation; S2 .Calculate the system adjustment demand power according to the regional control deviation; S3. Distribute the system adjustment demand power to the traditional unit, and calculate the target output of the traditional unit; S4. Calculate the current AGC period of the traditional unit S5. Allocate the remaining regulated power to the energy storage system; and S6. Check and issue an instruction to end the current AGC cycle.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S1包括：记系统AGC周期为T，当前周期序号为k，k为正整数，在周期k开始时，从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得系统频率偏差Δf(k)与区域间联络线交换功率偏差ΔP_tie(k)，计算区域控制偏差ACE(k)：ACE(k)=BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie(k)，其中B为系统频率偏差系数，单位MW/Hz，ΔP_tie为联络线实际交换功率与计划交换功率的偏差。In one embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 includes: recording the system AGC cycle as T, the current cycle number as k, k being a positive integer, and obtaining the system frequency from the data acquisition and monitoring control system at the beginning of cycle k The deviation Δf(k) is exchanged with the power deviation ΔP_tie (k) of the inter-regional tie line to calculate the regional control deviation ACE(k): ACE(k)=BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie (k), where B is the system frequency deviation Coefficient, unit MW/Hz, ΔP_tie is the deviation between the actual switching power of the tie line and the planned switching power.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S2包括：根据所述区域控制偏差ACE(k)通过低通滤波方式计算所述系统调节需求功率ΔP_R：-ΔP_R(k)=α·ACE(k)+(1-α)·ACE(k-1)，其中，α为滤波因子。In one embodiment of the present invention, the step S2 includes: calculating the system regulation demand power ΔP_R according to the regional control deviation ACE(k) by means of low-pass filtering: -ΔP_R (k)=α·ACE (k)+(1-α)·ACE(k-1), where α is a filter factor.

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S3包括：将系统调节需求功率ΔP_R按照容量比例分配给系统内可用的所述传统机组，设周期k中可用的传统机组台数为n，第i台机组的容量为当前出力为P_Gi(k)，则该机组将被分配的调节功率量为在当前周期内的目标出力为P′_Gi(k+1)=P_Gi(k)+ΔP′_Gi(k)。In one embodiment of the present invention, the step S3 includes: distributing the system regulation demand power ΔP_R to the available traditional units in the system according to the capacity ratio, assuming that the number of traditional units available in period k is n, the ith The capacity of the unit is The current output is P_Gi (k), then the regulated power to be allocated to the unit is The target output in the current period is P′_Gi (k+1)=P_Gi (k)+ΔP′_Gi (k).

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S4包括：由于传统机组爬坡率与响应时间的限制，所述步骤S3该目标出力可能无法在当前周期内达到，记机组i的上调速率为下调速率为则当前周期结束时机组i可以改变的最大出力为$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{+}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\&GreaterEqual;0)\\ \max \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{-}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)<0)\end{array}\right..$In one embodiment of the present invention, the step S4 includes: due to the limitation of the ramp rate and response time of the traditional unit, the target output of the step S3 may not be achieved within the current cycle, and the upward adjustment rate of the unit i is The downscaling rate is Then the maximum output that unit i can change at the end of the current cycle is$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{+}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\&Greater\; Equal;0)\\ \max \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{-}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)<0)\end{array}\right..$

在本发明的一个实施例中，所述步骤S5中：由所述储能系统承担的剩余调节功率的计算公式为：$P_E\left(k\right)=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_R\left(k\right)-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right).$In one embodiment of the present invention, in the step S5: the formula for calculating the remaining regulated power undertaken by the energy storage system is:$P_{\mathrm{E.}}\left(k\right)=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_R\left(k\right)-\underset{i=1}{\overset{\mathrm{no}}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right).$

根据本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略有助于快速抑制电力系统的频率与区域间联络线交换功率的波动，对电力系统的安全、稳定、经济运行具有重要意义；可以降低电力系统的调频容量需求，或者在调频容量不变的情况下改善控制效果。其实现方法简单，几乎没有增加运算量，同时对控制系统硬件环境要求低，不需要对现行AGC系统做出较大的改变，特别适用于同时含有传统机组与储能系统两种调频资源的自动发电控制系统。In the AGC system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the control strategy of the cooperation between the traditional unit and the energy storage system helps to quickly suppress the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system and the exchange power of the inter-regional tie line, which is of great importance to the safe, stable and economical operation of the power system. Significance; it can reduce the frequency regulation capacity demand of the power system, or improve the control effect under the condition that the frequency regulation capacity remains unchanged. Its implementation method is simple, hardly increases the amount of calculation, and at the same time has low requirements on the hardware environment of the control system, and does not need to make major changes to the current AGC system. Power generation control system.

本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

附图说明Description of drawings

本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and comprehensible from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

图1是本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略的原理图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy for the cooperation of a traditional unit and an energy storage system in an AGC system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略的流程示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a control strategy for the cooperation of a traditional unit and an energy storage system in an AGC system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略的效果示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the control strategy of the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system of the embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

图1是本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略的原理图。如图所示，负荷与间歇性可再生能源的波动将导致系统频率的变化，数据采集与监视控制（Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition，SCADA）系统从电力系统中获取系统频率及联络线交换功率等数据，并提供给AGC系统；AGC系统计算系统调节需求量（AreaRegulation Requirement，ARR），并使用本发明中提出的控制策略将其分配到传统机组和储能系统，生成相应的AGC指令并下发；传统机组与储能系统执行AGC指令，向电力系统注入调节功率，消除系统频率偏差。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control strategy for cooperation between a traditional unit and an energy storage system in an AGC system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the fluctuation of load and intermittent renewable energy will lead to the change of system frequency, and the data acquisition and monitoring control (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, SCADA) system obtains data such as system frequency and tie line exchange power from the power system , and provide it to the AGC system; the AGC system calculates the Area Regulation Requirement (ARR) of the system, and uses the control strategy proposed in the present invention to distribute it to the traditional unit and the energy storage system, generates the corresponding AGC command and issues it; Traditional units and energy storage systems execute AGC commands to inject regulated power into the power system to eliminate system frequency deviations.

本发明提出的控制策略的设计思想在于尽可能让传统机组承担调节任务，当传统机组响应不及时或无法跟踪调节功率时由快速的储能系统承担，使得储能系统仅在需要时迅速投入运行，从而有效地实现了传统机组与储能系统之间的配合，回避了储能系统容量与电量不足的缺点。该种控制策略使得调节功率中波动幅度大、频率低的部分自然由传统机组承担，幅度小、频率高的部分由储能系统承担，从而充分发挥了两种调频资源的优势，规避了各自的缺点。储能系统在传统机组未能及时响应控制信号时迅速投入，在传统机组可以成功跟踪控制信号时及时退出，可以有效降低储能系统的利用时间，有效地延长了储能系统的使用寿命。The design idea of the control strategy proposed by the present invention is to let the traditional unit undertake the adjustment task as much as possible, and when the traditional unit responds untimely or cannot track and adjust the power, the fast energy storage system will undertake it, so that the energy storage system can only be put into operation quickly when needed , so as to effectively realize the cooperation between the traditional unit and the energy storage system, and avoid the shortcomings of the capacity and power shortage of the energy storage system. This kind of control strategy makes the part with large fluctuation range and low frequency in the adjusted power naturally be borne by the traditional unit, and the part with small range and high frequency is borne by the energy storage system, thus giving full play to the advantages of the two frequency modulation resources and avoiding their respective advantages. shortcoming. The energy storage system is put into operation quickly when the traditional unit fails to respond to the control signal in time, and exits in time when the traditional unit can successfully track the control signal, which can effectively reduce the utilization time of the energy storage system and effectively prolong the service life of the energy storage system.

如图2所示，本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, the control strategy for the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

S1.从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得频率偏差和联络线交换功率偏差，计算区域控制偏差（Area Control Error，ACE）。S1. Obtain the frequency deviation and tie line exchange power deviation from the data acquisition and monitoring control system, and calculate the area control error (Area Control Error, ACE).

具体地：记系统AGC周期为T，当前周期序号为k，k为正整数，在周期k开始时，从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得系统频率偏差Δf(k)与区域间联络线交换功率偏差ΔP_tie(k)，计算区域控制偏差ACE(k)：ACE(k)=BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie(k)，其中B为系统频率偏差系数，单位MW/Hz，ΔP_tie为联络线实际交换功率与计划交换功率的偏差。Specifically: denote the system AGC period as T, the current period number as k, k is a positive integer, and at the beginning of period k, obtain the system frequency deviation Δf(k) and the exchange power of the inter-area tie line from the data acquisition and monitoring control system Deviation ΔP_tie (k), calculate regional control deviation ACE(k): ACE(k)=BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie (k), where B is the system frequency deviation coefficient, unit MW/Hz, ΔP_tie is tie line The deviation between the actual switching power and the planned switching power.

S2.根据区域控制偏差计算系统调节需求功率。S2. Calculate system regulation demand power according to regional control deviation.

具体地，根据区域控制偏差ACE(k)通过低通滤波方式计算系统调节需求功率ΔP_R：-ΔP_R(k)=α·ACE(k)+(1-α)·ACE(k-1)，其中，α为滤波因子。Specifically, the system adjustment demand power ΔP_R is calculated by low-pass filtering according to the regional control deviation ACE(k): -ΔP_R (k)=α·ACE(k)+(1-α)·ACE(k-1) , where α is the filter factor.

S3.将系统调节需求功率分配给传统机组，计算传统机组的目标出力。S3. Allocate the power required by the system adjustment to the traditional unit, and calculate the target output of the traditional unit.

具体地：将系统调节需求功率ΔP_R按照容量比例分配给系统内可用的传统机组，设周期k中可用的传统机组台数为n，第i台机组的容量为当前出力为P_Gi(k)，则该机组将被分配的调节功率量为在当前周期内的目标出力为P′_Gi(k+1)=P_Gi(k)+ΔP′_Gi(k)。Specifically: distribute the system adjustment demand power ΔP_R to the available traditional units in the system according to the capacity ratio, set the number of traditional units available in period k as n, and the capacity of the i-th unit is The current output is P_Gi (k), then the regulated power to be allocated to the unit is The target output in the current period is P′_Gi (k+1)=P_Gi (k)+ΔP′_Gi (k).

S4.计算传统机组在当前AGC周期内的最大调节能力。S4. Calculate the maximum adjustment capability of the traditional generating set in the current AGC period.

具体地：由于传统机组爬坡率与响应时间的限制，步骤S3该目标出力可能无法在当前周期内达到，记机组i的上调速率为下调速率为则当前周期结束时机组i可以改变的最大出力为$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{+}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\&GreaterEqual;0)\\ \max \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{-}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)<0)\end{array}\right..$Specifically: due to the limitation of the ramp rate and response time of traditional units, the target output in step S3 may not be achieved in the current cycle, and the upward adjustment rate of unit i is The downscaling rate is Then the maximum output that unit i can change at the end of the current cycle is$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{+}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\&Greater\; Equal;0)\\ \max \{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{-}T,\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)\}& (\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_{\mathrm{Gi}}^{\&prime;}\left(k\right)<0)\end{array}\right..$

需要指出的是，是对传统机组出力改变的一个偏乐观的估计；由于传统机组存在惯性、响应延迟等多种因素，在一个AGC周期内实际发生的出力改变ΔP_Gi(k)可能小于该预测值。It should be pointed out that, It is an optimistic estimate of the output change of traditional units; due to many factors such as inertia and response delay of traditional units, the actual output change ΔP_Gi (k) in one AGC cycle may be smaller than the predicted value.

S5.将剩余调节功率分配给储能系统承担。S5. Allocate the remaining regulated power to the energy storage system.

如果预期传统机组在本周期内可以完全消化调节功率，则储能系统无需动作；如果不能，则由储能系统承担剩余的调节功率：$P_E\left(k\right)=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_R\left(k\right)-\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right).$If it is expected that the traditional unit can completely digest the regulated power within this period, the energy storage system does not need to act; if not, the energy storage system will undertake the remaining regulated power:$P_{\mathrm{E.}}\left(k\right)=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{P}_R\left(k\right)-\underset{i=1}{\overset{\mathrm{no}}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{\mathrm{Gi}}\left(k\right).$

需要说明的是，如果P_E超出储能系统的功率限值，则储能系统实际目标出力为其对应限值。另外，由于是偏乐观的估计，储能系统实际输出的调节功率可能会小于实际的需求值，但这也可以保护储能系统不至于过于灵敏，在传统机组出力与调节功率有很小的差别时不会动作。当传统机组的实际出力与指令出力偏差达到一定程度时，储能系统会立即改变出力，填补传统机组无法完成的功率调整。It should be noted that if P_E exceeds the power limit of the energy storage system, the actual target output of the energy storage system is its corresponding limit. Additionally, due to It is an optimistic estimate. The actual output regulation power of the energy storage system may be smaller than the actual demand value, but this can also protect the energy storage system from being too sensitive. When there is a small difference between the output of the traditional unit and the regulation power action. When the deviation between the actual output of the traditional unit and the commanded output reaches a certain level, the energy storage system will immediately change the output to make up for the power adjustment that the traditional unit cannot complete.

S6.校核并下发指令，结束当前AGC周期。S6. Check and issue an instruction to end the current AGC cycle.

为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明，图3示出了本发明实施例的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略的效果。ACE经处理后得到系统调节功率ΔP_R，AGC系统将调动系统内的调频资源改变出力跟随ΔP_R曲线。本专利提出的策略将调节功率优先分配给传统机组（ΔP_G），不足的部分由储能系统的出力补足（P_E），从而尽可能好地消除调频机组出力曲线（ΔP_G+P_E）与系统调节功率曲线（ΔP_R）之间的偏差（ΔP）。由图可见，储能资源在传统机组无法跟随调节功率曲线的快速变化时迅速投入，在传统机组能够独立承担调频任务时退出运行，从而实现了传统机组与储能系统之间的优势互补。In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, Fig. 3 shows the effect of the control strategy of the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system of the embodiment of the present invention. After the ACE is processed, the system regulation power ΔP_R is obtained, and the AGC system will mobilize the frequency modulation resources in the system to change the output to follow the ΔP_R curve. The strategy proposed in this patent assigns the regulated power to the traditional unit with priority (ΔP_G ), and the insufficient part is made up by the output of the energy storage system (P_E ), so as to eliminate the output curve of the frequency modulation unit as much as possible (ΔP_G +P_E ) Deviation (ΔP) from the system regulation power curve (ΔP_R ). It can be seen from the figure that the energy storage resources are quickly invested when the traditional unit cannot follow the rapid change of the power regulation curve, and withdraw from operation when the traditional unit can independently undertake the frequency regulation task, thus realizing the complementary advantages between the traditional unit and the energy storage system.

由上可知，本发明的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略，根据电力系统当前的频率偏差与联络线交换功率偏差计算区域控制偏差ACE，经过滤波等处理后得到系统的调节需求量ARR；将调节功率优先分配给传统机组，并计算传统机组在当前AGC周期内的最大调节能力；如果传统机组在当前AGC周期内不能达到目标出力，则将剩余的调节功率分配给储能系统承担。It can be seen from the above that the control strategy for the cooperation of the traditional unit and the energy storage system in the AGC system of the present invention calculates the regional control deviation ACE according to the current frequency deviation of the power system and the exchange power deviation of the tie line, and obtains the adjustment requirements of the system after filtering and other processing ARR; assign the adjusted power to the traditional unit with priority, and calculate the maximum adjustment capacity of the traditional unit in the current AGC cycle; if the traditional unit cannot reach the target output in the current AGC cycle, then allocate the remaining adjusted power to the energy storage system bear.

本发明的AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略有助于快速抑制电力系统的频率与联络线交换功率的波动，对电力系统的安全、稳定、经济运行具有重要意义；可以降低电力系统的调频容量需求，或者在调频容量不变的情况下改善控制效果；其实现方法简单，几乎没有增加运算量，同时对控制系统硬件环境要求低，不需要对现行的AGC系统做出较大的改变，特别适用于同时含有传统机组与储能系统两种调频资源的自动发电控制系统。In the AGC system of the present invention, the control strategy of the cooperation between the traditional unit and the energy storage system helps to quickly suppress the fluctuation of the frequency of the power system and the exchange power of the tie line, which is of great significance to the safe, stable and economical operation of the power system; it can reduce the power consumption The frequency modulation capacity requirements of the system, or improve the control effect when the frequency modulation capacity remains unchanged; the implementation method is simple, almost does not increase the amount of calculation, and at the same time has low requirements for the hardware environment of the control system, and does not need to make a large contribution to the current AGC system. It is especially suitable for the automatic power generation control system that contains two kinds of frequency modulation resources, the traditional unit and the energy storage system.

需要说明的是，流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本发明的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本发明的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。It should be noted that any process or method descriptions described in flowcharts or otherwise described herein can be understood as representing codes including one or more steps of executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or processes. modules, segments or parts, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes further implementations, which may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including in substantially simultaneous fashion or in reverse order depending on the functions involved. function, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or examples Included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limitations to the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions, and modifications to the above-described embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种AGC系统中传统机组与储能系统配合的控制策略，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. the control strategy that traditional unit and energy storage system cooperate in a kind of AGC system, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:S1.从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得频率偏差和联络线交换功率偏差，计算区域控制偏差，记系统AGC周期为T，当前周期序号为k，k为正整数，在周期k开始时，从数据采集与监视控制系统中获得系统频率偏差Δf(k)与区域间联络线交换功率偏差ΔP_tie(k)，计算区域控制偏差ACE(k)：ACE(k)＝BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie(k)，其中B为系统频率偏差系数，单位MW/Hz，ΔP_tie为联络线实际交换功率与计划交换功率的偏差；S1. Obtain frequency deviation and tie-line exchange power deviation from the data acquisition and monitoring control system, calculate the area control deviation, record the system AGC cycle as T, and the current cycle number is k, k is a positive integer. At the beginning of cycle k, from Obtain the system frequency deviation Δf(k) and inter-regional tie line exchange power deviation ΔP_tie (k) in the data acquisition and monitoring control system, and calculate the regional control deviation ACE(k): ACE(k)=BΔf(k)+ΔP_tie (k), where B is the system frequency deviation coefficient in MW/Hz, and ΔP_tie is the deviation between the actual switching power and the planned switching power of the tie line;S2.根据所述区域控制偏差计算系统调节需求功率，根据所述区域控制偏差ACE(k)通过低通滤波方式计算所述系统调节需求功率ΔP_R(k)：-ΔP_R(k)＝α·ACE(k)+(1-α)·ACE(k-1)，其中，α为滤波因子；S2. Calculate the system regulation requirement power according to the regional control deviation, and calculate the system regulation requirement power ΔP_R (k) according to the region control deviation ACE(k) by means of low-pass filtering: -ΔP_R (k)=α ACE(k)+(1-α) ACE(k-1), where α is the filter factor;S3.将所述系统调节需求功率分配给所述传统机组，计算所述传统机组的目标出力，将系统调节需求功率ΔP_R(k)按照容量比例分配给系统内可用的所述传统机组，设周期k中可用的传统机组台数为n，第i台机组的容量为当前出力为P_Gi(k)，则该机组将被分配的调节功率量为在当前周期内的目标出力为P′_Gi(k)＝P_Gi(k)+ΔP_Gi(k)；S3. Distributing the system adjustment required power to the traditional units, calculating the target output of the traditional units, and distributing the system adjustment required power ΔP_R (k) to the available traditional units in the system according to the capacity ratio, setting The number of conventional units available in cycle k is n, and the capacity of the i-th unit is The current output is P_Gi (k), then the regulated power to be allocated to the unit is The target output in the current cycle is P′_Gi (k)=P_Gi (k)+ΔP_Gi (k);S4.计算所述传统机组在当前AGC周期内的最大调节能力，由于传统机组爬坡率与响应时间的限制，所述步骤S3该目标出力可能无法在当前周期内达到，记机组i的上调速率为下调速率为则当前周期结束时机组i可以改变的最大出力为$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \left\{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{Gi}^{+}T,{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\right\}& \left({\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\&GreaterEqual;0\right)\\ \max \left\{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{Gi}^{-}T,{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\right\}& \left({\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)<0\right)\end{array}\right.;$S4. Calculate the maximum adjustment capability of the traditional unit in the current AGC period. Due to the limitation of the ramp rate and response time of the traditional unit, the target output in step S3 may not be achieved in the current period. Record the upward adjustment rate of unit i for The downscaling rate is Then the maximum output that unit i can change at the end of the current cycle is$\mathrm{\&Delta;}{\stackrel{\&OverBar;}{P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\min \left\{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{Gi}^{+}T,{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\right\}& \left({\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\&Greater\; Equal;0\right)\\ \max \left\{{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_{Gi}^{-}T,{\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)\right\}& \left({\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}_{Gi}\left(k\right)<0\right)\end{array}\right.;$S5.将剩余调节功率分配给所述储能系统承担，由所述储能系统承担的剩余调节功率的计算公式为：以及S5. Allocate the remaining regulated power to the energy storage system. The formula for calculating the remaining regulated power borne by the energy storage system is: as well asS6.校核并下发指令，结束当前AGC周期。S6. Check and issue an instruction to end the current AGC cycle.