CN103413176A - Quantitative evaluation method for necessity of transmission line icing monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation method for monitoring necessity of icing of a power transmission line, which comprises the following steps of S1: establishing a hierarchical evaluation index system by considering the importance degree of a line where a tower is located in a power grid, the ice melting and ice resisting performance of the tower, the operation environment of the tower, historical ice coating fault statistics and line operation maintenance; s2: establishing a grading standard aiming at various evaluation indexes of the index layer to obtain an evaluation score table of the various evaluation indexes; s3: according to the importance degree of various evaluation indexes in the project layer and the index layer, giving a weight coefficient of each index in the project layer and the index layer; s4: calculating evaluation scores of icing monitoring necessity according to the scoring conditions and the weight coefficients of all evaluation indexes in the index layer; s5: and judging the icing monitoring necessity of the power transmission line according to the integral evaluation value condition of the icing monitoring necessity. The method can quantitatively evaluate the necessity of monitoring the icing in the section where the transmission line tower is located, and the evaluation method is simple and feasible.

Description

Translated fromChinese

输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法Quantitative evaluation method for necessity of transmission line icing monitoring

技术领域technical field

本发明属于输变电设备技术领域，特别设计一种输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission and transformation equipment, and particularly designs a quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of ice coating monitoring of power transmission lines.

背景技术Background technique

输电线路作为电力系统的主干网络，由于其型式多样，输电线路长且其广泛分布于平原及高山峻岭，直接暴露于风雪雨露等恶劣的自然环境中，导致运行管理和设备维护工作任务重，难度大。因此，随着电力系统向高电压、大容量、互联网发展，对输电线路本体及其周边环境与气象参数进行远程在线监测，将对指导开展设备检修业务，全面提高输电线路管理水平具有重大的意义。目前，我国部分中重冰区输电线路已安装了覆冰在线监测装置，但监测装置的布点仍主要依据运维人员的经验，对于覆冰监测必要性的评价标准研究和应用不够，评价方法粗放，缺乏一种能够指导覆冰监测布点规划的量化评价方法。As the backbone network of the power system, transmission lines are of various types, long and widely distributed in plains and high mountains, and are directly exposed to harsh natural environments such as wind, snow, rain and dew, resulting in heavy tasks for operation management and equipment maintenance. ,High difficulty. Therefore, with the development of the power system to high voltage, large capacity, and the Internet, remote online monitoring of the transmission line itself and its surrounding environment and meteorological parameters will be of great significance for guiding the development of equipment maintenance and comprehensively improving the management level of transmission lines . At present, some transmission lines in my country's medium and heavy ice areas have installed ice-covered online monitoring devices, but the distribution of monitoring devices is still mainly based on the experience of operation and maintenance personnel. There is insufficient research and application of evaluation criteria for the necessity of ice-covered monitoring, and the evaluation methods are extensive. , there is a lack of a quantitative evaluation method that can guide the planning of ice monitoring monitoring points.

发明内容Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，能够量化评价出输电线路杆塔所在区段覆冰监测的必要性，评价方法简单可行，旨在为输电线路的覆冰监测装置布点提供依据，切实提高输电线路在恶劣运行环境下的运行可靠性。In view of this, the present invention proposes a quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring on transmission lines, which can quantitatively evaluate the necessity of icing monitoring in the section where transmission line towers are located. The distribution of ice monitoring devices provides a basis to effectively improve the operational reliability of transmission lines in harsh operating environments.

本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：一种输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，具体包括以下步骤：The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of monitoring ice coating on transmission lines, specifically comprising the following steps:

S1：考虑杆塔所在线路在电网中的重要程度、杆塔融冰抗冰性能、杆塔所在运行环境、历史覆冰故障统计和线路运行维护情况，建立包括目标层、项目层和指标层的层次型评价指标体系；所述目标层包括输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标；目标层的输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标分解为项目层的5个评价项目，即线路重要程度评价指标、杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标、运行环境评价指标、历史覆冰情况评价指标和线路运行维护评价指标；项目层进一步分解至最后一级指标层；S1: Considering the importance of the line where the tower is located in the power grid, the ice melting and anti-icing performance of the tower, the operating environment of the tower, the statistics of historical icing faults and the operation and maintenance of the line, establish a hierarchical evaluation including the target layer, project layer and index layer Index system; the target layer includes the evaluation index of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring; the evaluation index of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring at the target layer is decomposed into 5 evaluation items of the project layer, namely, the evaluation index of the line importance, the ice melting of the tower Anti-icing performance evaluation index, operating environment evaluation index, historical icing evaluation index and line operation and maintenance evaluation index; the project layer is further decomposed to the last index layer;

S2：针对指标层的各类评价指标制定评分标准，得出各类评价指标的评价分值表；S2: Formulate scoring standards for various evaluation indicators in the index layer, and obtain evaluation score tables for various evaluation indicators;

S3：依据项目层与指标层中各类评价指标的重要程度，给出项目层与指标层中每项指标的权重系数；S3: According to the importance of various evaluation indicators in the project layer and index layer, give the weight coefficient of each index in the project layer and index layer;

S4：根据指标层中各评价指标的得分情况与权重系数，计算覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，计算公式为S4: According to the scores and weight coefficients of each evaluation index in the index layer, calculate the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, and the calculation formula is

$\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span><span>5</span>5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>,</span>,</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span><span>n</span>no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}$

式中，Y指覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，Y_i表示项目层中第i类指标的评价分值，Z_i表示项目层中第i类指标的权重系数，Y_ij表示评价分值，Z_ij表示指标层中第i类项目第j个指标的权重系数，n_i指第i类项目中所包含的指标个数；In the formula, Y refers to the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, Y_i represents the evaluation score of the i-type index in the project layer, Z_i represents the weight coefficient of the i-type index in the project layer, and Y_ij represents the evaluation score , Z_ij represents the weight coefficient of the jth indicator of the i-th category item in the indicator layer, and n_i refers to the number of indicators contained in the i-th category item;

S5：根据覆冰监测必要性的评价分值情况，判断输电线路覆冰监测的必要性。S5: According to the evaluation scores of the necessity of icing monitoring, determine the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines.

进一步，所述线路重要程度评价指标包括杆塔所处线路的管控级别和覆冰故障损失；根据运维部门针对该条线路的设备风险管控分级情况进行评定，得到杆塔所处线路的管控级别的评价分值表；根据历史故障统计情况、杆塔所在线路的管控级别以及线路周边环境特征，分析该条线路覆冰故障对电网安全、设备功能、周边环境、人员方面的影响，并根据故障损失的程度进行评定，得到覆冰故障损失的评价分值表。Further, the evaluation index of the importance of the line includes the management and control level of the line where the tower is located and the loss of icing faults; according to the evaluation of the equipment risk management and control classification of the line by the operation and maintenance department, the evaluation of the management and control level of the line where the tower is located is obtained. Score table; according to the historical fault statistics, the control level of the line where the tower is located, and the characteristics of the surrounding environment of the line, analyze the impact of the icing fault on the line on the safety of the power grid, equipment functions, surrounding environment, and personnel, and according to the degree of fault loss Evaluation is carried out to obtain the evaluation score table of icing failure loss.

进一步，所述杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标包括融冰装置配置、绝缘子防冰闪措施和杆塔、线路防冰改造；根据线路融冰装置的配置情况进行评定，得到融冰装置配置的评价分值表；根据是否针对倒塔、断线事故采取相关的防冰、抗冰措施对杆塔、导线进行改造情况进行评定，得到绝缘子防冰闪措施的评价分值表；根据绝缘子是否采取了防冰闪措施进行评定，得到杆塔、线路防冰改造的评价分值表。Further, the ice-melting and anti-icing performance evaluation index of the tower includes the configuration of the ice-melting device, the anti-icing flashback measures of the insulators, and the anti-icing transformation of the tower and the line; the evaluation is carried out according to the configuration of the line-melting device, and the evaluation score of the configuration of the ice-melting device is obtained. value table; according to whether relevant anti-icing and anti-icing measures are taken for tower collapse and disconnection accidents, the transformation of towers and wires is evaluated, and the evaluation score table for insulator anti-icing flash measures is obtained; according to whether insulators have adopted anti-icing measures The flashback measures are evaluated, and the evaluation score table for the anti-icing renovation of towers and lines is obtained.

进一步，所述运行环境评价指标包括覆冰厚度设计、杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级和杆塔所处地形地貌；根据杆塔所在线路区段覆冰厚度的设计值进行评定，得到覆冰厚度设计的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级进行评定，得到杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处地形对线路覆冰程度以及巡检难度的影响进行评定，得到杆塔所处地形地貌的评价分值表。Further, the operating environment evaluation index includes the ice coating thickness design, the ice coating level of the section where the tower is located, and the topography where the tower is located; the evaluation is carried out according to the design value of the ice coating thickness of the line section where the tower is located, and the design value of the ice coating thickness is obtained. evaluation score table; evaluate according to the icing level of the line section where the tower is located, and obtain the evaluation score table of the ice coating level of the section where the tower is located; evaluate the icing degree of the line and the difficulty of inspection according to the terrain where the tower is located The impact of the tower is evaluated, and the evaluation score table of the topography and landform where the tower is located is obtained.

进一步，所述历史覆冰情况评价指标包括覆冰故障发生频度和线路覆冰厚度统计；根据该输电线路故障障碍的统计情况、覆冰故障发生频度来进行评定，得到覆冰故障发生频度的评价分值表；根据输电线路覆冰厚度统计结果并结合杆塔所在线路区段的年最大覆冰厚度进行评定，得到线路覆冰厚度统计的评价分值表。Further, the historical icing condition evaluation index includes the frequency of icing faults and the statistics of line icing thickness; according to the statistics of the fault obstacles of the transmission line and the frequency of icing faults, the evaluation is carried out, and the frequency of icing faults is obtained. According to the statistical results of the ice coating thickness of the transmission line and the annual maximum ice coating thickness of the line section where the tower is located, the evaluation score table of the line ice coating thickness statistics is obtained.

进一步，所述线路运行维护评价指标包括故障能见度、设备检修难度和检修成本；根据杆塔所处位置的地形地貌、气象气候、人口密度因素对故障能见度进行评定，得到故障能见度的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处地形地貌、气象气候、杆塔周边交通情况对设备维修难度的影响进行评定，得到设备检修难度的评价分值表；根据检修人员、设备数量、检修时间对检修费用的影响进行评定，得到检修成本的评价分值表。Further, the evaluation index of line operation and maintenance includes fault visibility, equipment maintenance difficulty and maintenance cost; the fault visibility is evaluated according to the topography, meteorological climate, and population density factors of the location of the tower, and an evaluation score table of fault visibility is obtained; According to the impact of the tower's topography, weather and climate, and traffic conditions around the tower on the difficulty of equipment maintenance, the evaluation score table for the difficulty of equipment maintenance is obtained; according to the impact of the maintenance personnel, number of equipment, and maintenance time on the maintenance cost, Obtain the evaluation score table of maintenance cost.

本发明的有益技术效果：根据输电线路缺陷线路区段统计、历年事故障碍统计等数据，考虑杆塔所在线路在电网中的重要程度、杆塔融冰抗冰性能、杆塔所在运行环境、历史覆冰故障统计、线路运行维护等方面，建立层次型的评价指标体系，制定各类指标的评分标准，项目层、指标层各类指标根据重要性赋予不同的权重系数，通过加权求和计算覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，根据覆冰监测必要性的评价分值判断输电线路覆冰监测必要性，能够量化评价出输电线路杆塔所在区段覆冰监测的必要性，评价方法简单可行，旨在为输电线路的覆冰监测装置布点提供依据，切实提高输电线路在恶劣运行环境下的运行可靠性。Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: According to the statistics of defective line sections of transmission lines and the statistics of accidents and obstacles over the years, the importance of the line where the tower is located in the power grid, the ice-melting and anti-icing performance of the tower, the operating environment where the tower is located, and historical ice-covered faults are considered In terms of statistics, line operation and maintenance, etc., establish a hierarchical evaluation index system, formulate scoring standards for various indicators, assign different weight coefficients to various indicators at the project layer and index layer according to their importance, and calculate the necessary icing monitoring by weighted summation According to the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines can be judged, which can quantitatively evaluate the necessity of icing monitoring in the section where transmission line towers are located. The evaluation method is simple and feasible, and aims to provide The distribution of icing monitoring devices on transmission lines provides a basis to effectively improve the reliability of transmission lines in harsh operating environments.

本发明的其它优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述，并且在某种程度上，基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的，或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the investigation and research below, or can be obtained from It is taught in the practice of the present invention.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述，其中：In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

图1为本发明的输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标体系。Fig. 1 is the index system for evaluating the necessity of monitoring ice coating on transmission lines according to the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下将结合附图，对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述；应当理解，优选实施例仅为了说明本发明，而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

本发明提供的一种输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，具体包括以下步骤：The present invention provides a quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring on transmission lines, which specifically includes the following steps:

S1：考虑杆塔所在线路在电网中的重要程度、杆塔融冰抗冰性能、杆塔所在运行环境、历史覆冰故障统计和线路运行维护情况，建立包括目标层、项目层和指标层的层次型评价指标体系；所述目标层包括输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标B；目标层的输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标B分解为项目层的5个评价项目，即线路重要程度评价指标B₁、杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标B₂、运行环境评价指标B₃、历史覆冰情况评价指标B₄和线路运行维护评价指标B₅；项目层进一步分解至最后一级指标层；S1: Considering the importance of the line where the tower is located in the power grid, the ice melting and anti-icing performance of the tower, the operating environment of the tower, the statistics of historical icing faults and the operation and maintenance of the line, establish a hierarchical evaluation including the target layer, project layer and index layer Index system; the target layer includes the evaluation index B of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring; the evaluation index B of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring at the target layer is decomposed into 5 evaluation items of the project layer, that is, the evaluation index B of the line importance₁ , tower ice melting and anti-icing performance evaluation index B₂ , operating environment evaluation index B₃ , historical icing situation evaluation index B₄ , and line operation and maintenance evaluation index B₅ ; the project layer is further decomposed to the last index layer;

S2：针对指标层的各类评价指标制定评分标准，得出各类评价指标的评价分值表；详述如下：S2: Formulate scoring standards for various evaluation indicators of the index layer, and obtain the evaluation score table of various evaluation indicators; the details are as follows:

线路重要程度评价指标B₁包括杆塔所在线路的管控级别B₁₁和覆冰故障损失B₁₂。The line importance evaluation index B₁ includes the control level B₁₁ of the line where the tower is located and the icing fault loss B₁₂ .

（1）杆塔所在线路的管控级别B₁₁(1) The control level of the line where the tower is located is B₁₁

基于运维部门针对该条线路的设备风险管控分级情况，指标B₁₁根据杆塔所在线路的管控级别进行评定。Based on the equipment risk management and control classification of the line by the operation and maintenance department, indicator B₁₁ is evaluated according to the control level of the line where the tower is located.

表1杆塔所在线路管控级别评分Table 1 Score of line management and control level where the tower is located

杆塔所在线路管控级别Line control level where the tower is locatedY₁₁评价分值Y₁₁ assessment pointsI级管控设备Class I control equipment100100II级管控设备Class II control equipment7070III级管控设备Class III control equipment4040

（2）覆冰故障损失B₁₂(2) Icing failure loss B₁₂

依据历史故障统计情况、杆塔所在线路的管控级别以及线路周边环境特征，分析该条线路覆冰故障对电网安全、设备功能、周边环境、人员等方面的影响，并根据故障损失的程度对指标B₁₂进行评定。According to the statistics of historical faults, the control level of the line where the tower is located, and the characteristics of the surrounding environment of the line, analyze the impact of the icing fault on the line on the safety of the power grid, equipment functions, surrounding environment, personnel, etc.₁₂ for evaluation.

表2覆冰故障损失评分Table 2 Icing failure loss score

杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标B₂包括融冰装置配置B₂₁、绝缘子防冰闪措施B₂₃和杆塔、线路防冰改造B₂₂；Ice melting and anti-icing performance evaluation index B₂ of towers includes ice melting device configuration B₂₁ , insulator anti-icing flashback measures B₂₃ and tower, line anti-icing modification B₂₂ ;

（3）融冰装置配置B₂₁(3) Ice melting device configuration B₂₁

指标B₂₁根据线路融冰装置的配置情况进行评定。Index B₂₁ is evaluated according to the configuration of line ice-melting devices.

表3融冰装置配置评分Table 3 Scoring of ice melting device configuration

融冰装置配置情况Configuration of ice melting deviceY₂₁评价分值Y₂₁ assessment points已配置configured100100未配置not configured00

（4）杆塔、导线的防冰改造B₂₂(4) Anti-icing modification of towers and wires B₂₂

指标B₂₂是根据是否针对倒塔、断线事故采取相关的防冰、抗冰措施对杆塔、导线进行改造来评定。Index B₂₂ is evaluated based on whether relevant anti-icing and anti-icing measures are taken to transform towers and conductors for tower collapse and disconnection accidents.

表4杆塔、导线防冰改造评分Table 4 Scores of tower and wire anti-icing retrofit

杆塔、导线改造情况Transformation of towers and conductorsY₂₂评价分值Y₂₂ Evaluation Points已改造Remodeled100100未改造unmodified00

（5）绝缘子防冰闪措施B₂₃(5) Anti-icing flashback measures for insulators B₂₃

指标B₂₃是根据是否针对绝缘子采取了诸如涂覆憎水性涂料、改变绝缘子串布置方式、采用间插布置方式等防冰闪措施来进行评定。Index B₂₃ is evaluated according to whether anti-icing flashover measures such as coating hydrophobic paint, changing the arrangement of insulator strings, and adopting interleaved arrangement are taken for insulators.

表5绝缘子防冰闪措施评分Table 5 Scoring of insulator anti-icing flash measures

绝缘子防冰闪措施Insulator anti-icing flash measuresY₂₃评价分值Y₂₃ Assessment Points已采取taken100100未采取not taken00

运行环境评价指标B₃包括覆冰厚度设计B₃₁、杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级B₃₂和杆塔所处地形地貌B₃₃；The operating environment evaluation index B₃ includes ice thickness design B₃₁ , ice level B₃₂ of the section where the tower is located and topography B₃₃ where the tower is located;

（6）覆冰厚度设计B₃₁(6) Icing thickness design B₃₁

依据GB50545-2010《110kV～750kV架空输电线路设计规范》要求，在输电线路设计时，应首先根据沿线气象资料统计结果与附近已有线路的运行经验设计包含覆冰厚度在内的各种气象条件，之后计算杆塔的覆冰荷载与承载能力等内容。因此，指标B₃₁依据杆塔所在线路区段覆冰厚度的设计值进行评定。According to the requirements of GB50545-2010 "Code for Design of 110kV～750kV Overhead Transmission Lines", in the design of transmission lines, various meteorological conditions including ice thickness should be designed according to the statistical results of meteorological data along the line and the operating experience of existing lines nearby. , and then calculate the icing load and bearing capacity of the tower. Therefore, index B₃₁ is evaluated according to the design value of the ice thickness of the line section where the tower is located.

表6覆冰厚度设计评分Table 6 Icing Thickness Design Score

覆冰厚度设计（mm）Icing thickness design (mm)Y₃₁评价分值Y₃₁ Assessment Points20-5020-5010010015-2015-2060600-100-103030

（7）杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级B₃₂(7) The icing level of the line section where the tower is located is B₃₂

指标B₃₂依据杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级进行评定。Index B₃₂ is evaluated according to the ice level of the line section where the tower is located.

表7杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级评分Table 7 Icing grade score of the section where the tower is located

（8）杆塔所处地形地貌B₃₃(8) Topography and landform where the tower is located B₃₃

考虑到杆塔所处地形对线路覆冰程度以及巡检难度的影响，制定评分规则。Taking into account the impact of the terrain where the tower is located on the degree of icing on the line and the difficulty of inspection, formulate scoring rules.

表8杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级评分Table 8 Icing grade score of the section where the tower is located

历史覆冰情况评价指标B₄包括覆冰故障发生频度B₄₁和线路覆冰厚度统计B₄₂；Historical icing situation evaluation index B₄ includes icing failure frequency B₄₁ and line icing thickness statistics B₄₂ ;

（9）覆冰故障发生频度B₄₁(9) Frequency of icing faults B₄₁

指标B₄₁依据近10年该输电线路故障障碍的统计情况，对覆冰故障发生频度进行评定。Index B₄₁ evaluates the occurrence frequency of icing faults based on the statistics of the fault obstacles of the transmission line in the past 10 years.

表9覆冰故障发生频度评分Table 9 Icing fault occurrence frequency score

近10故障发生频度Frequency of nearly 10 faultsY₄₁评价分值Y₄₁ Assessment Points>2>21001002270701140400000

（10）线路覆冰厚度统计B₄₂(10) Statistics on ice coating thickness of lines B₄₂

指标B₄₂依据输电线路覆冰厚度的统计结果对来对杆塔所在线路区段的年最大覆冰厚度进行评定。Index B₄₂ evaluates the annual maximum ice thickness of the line section where the tower is located based on the statistical results of the ice thickness of the transmission line.

表10线路覆冰厚度评分Table 10 Line Ice Thickness Score

所述线路运行维护评价指标B₅包括故障能见度B₅₁、设备检修难度B₅₂和检修成本B₅₃；The line operation and maintenance evaluation index_B5 includes fault visibility_B51 , equipment maintenance difficulty_B52 and maintenance cost_B53 ;

（11）覆冰故障能见度B₅₁(11) Icing failure visibility B₅₁

指标B₅₁针对杆塔所处位置的地形地貌、气象气候、人口密度等因素对故障能见度的影响，对于因海拔高、树木茂盛、雾气大等原因导致故障能见度低的情况予以较高评分。Index B₅₁ aims at the impact of the topography, climate, population density and other factors at the location of the tower on the fault visibility, and gives a higher score to the low fault visibility caused by high altitude, lush trees, heavy fog and other reasons.

表11覆冰故障能见度评分Table 11 Icing fault visibility score

（12）设备检修难度B₅₂(12) Equipment Maintenance Difficulty B₅₂

主要考虑杆塔所处地形地貌、气象气候、杆塔周边交通情况等因素对设备维修难度的影响，对于位于因地况复杂、交通不便、杆塔位置偏僻等因素导致的设备维修难度高的情况予以较高评分。Mainly consider the influence of factors such as the topography of the tower, meteorological climate, and traffic conditions around the tower on the difficulty of equipment maintenance. For the situation where the difficulty of equipment maintenance is high due to factors such as complex terrain, inconvenient traffic, and remote location of the tower, a higher score.

表12设备维修难度Table 12 Equipment Maintenance Difficulty

（13）设备检修成本B₅₃(13) Equipment maintenance cost B₅₃

考虑检修人员、设备数量、检修时间等因素对检修费用的影响，指标B₅₃对故障时检修成本进行评定。Considering the influence of maintenance personnel, equipment quantity, maintenance time and other factors on the maintenance cost, indicator B₅₃ evaluates the maintenance cost in case of failure.

表13设备检修成本Table 13 Equipment Maintenance Costs

S3：依据项目层与指标层中各类评价指标的重要程度，给出项目层与指标层中每项评价指标的权重系数。指标层中各类评价指标的权重系数如表14所示，项目层中各类评价指标的权重系数如表15所示：S3: According to the importance of various evaluation indicators in the project layer and index layer, give the weight coefficient of each evaluation index in the project layer and index layer. The weight coefficients of various evaluation indicators in the indicator layer are shown in Table 14, and the weight coefficients of various evaluation indicators in the project layer are shown in Table 15:

表14指标层中各类评价指标的权重系数Table 14 Weight coefficients of various evaluation indicators in the indicator layer

指标层评价指标Index layer evaluation index权重系数weight factor杆塔所在线路的管控级别B₁₁The control level of the line where the tower is located is B₁₁Z₁₁=0.55Z₁₁ =0.55覆冰故障损失B₁₂Icing Failure Loss B₁₂Z₁₂=0.45Z₁₂ =0.45融冰装置配置B₂₁Ice melting device configuration B₂₁Z₂₁=0.30Z₂₁ =0.30杆塔、导线的防冰改造B₂₂Anti-icing modification of towers and wires B₂₂Z₂₂=0.40Z₂₂ =0.40绝缘子防冰闪措施B₂₃Insulator anti-ice flash measures B₂₃Z₂₃=0.30Z₂₃ =0.30覆冰厚度设计B₃₁Icing Thickness Design B₃₁Z₃₁=0.30Z₃₁ =0.30杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级B₃₂The icing level of the line section where the tower is located is B₃₂Z₃₂=0.40Z₃₂ =0.40杆塔所处地形地貌B₃₃Topography and landform where the tower is located B₃₃Z₃₃=0.30Z₃₃ =0.30覆冰故障发生频度B₄₁Icing Fault Occurrence Frequency B₄₁Z₄₁=0.70Z₄₁ =0.70线路覆冰厚度统计B₄₂Icing Thickness Statistics of Lines B₄₂Z₄₂=0.30Z₄₂ =0.30覆冰故障能见度B₅₁Icing Fault Visibility B₅₁Z₅₁=0.30Z₅₁ =0.30设备检修难度B₅₂Equipment Maintenance Difficulty B₅₂Z₅₂=0.30Z₅₂ =0.30设备检修成本B₅₃Equipment maintenance cost B₅₃Z₅₃=0.40Z₅₃ =0.40

15项目层中各类评价指标的权重系数15 Weight coefficients of various evaluation indicators in the project layer

项目层评价指标Project level evaluation index权重系数weight factor线路重要程度B₁Line importance B₁Z₁=0.30Z₁ =0.30杆塔融冰抗冰性能B₂Ice melting and anti-icing performance of pole tower B₂Z₂=0.10Z₂ =0.10运行环境B₃Operating environment B₃Z₃=0.25Z₃ =0.25历史覆冰情况B₄Historical icing situation B₄Z₄=0.25Z₄ =0.25线路运行维护B₅Line operation and maintenance B₅Z₅=0.10Z₅ =0.10

S4：根据指标层中各评价指标的得分情况与权重系数，计算覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，计算公式为S4: According to the scores and weight coefficients of each evaluation index in the index layer, calculate the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, and the calculation formula is

$\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span><span>5</span>5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>,</span>,</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span><span>n</span>no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}<span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>-</span>-</span><span><span>(</span>(</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}<span><span>)</span>)</span>$

式中，Y指覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，Y_i、Z_i指项目层中第i类指标的评价分值与权重系数，Y_ij、Z_ij分别指指标层中第i类项目第j个指标的评价分值与权重系数，n_i指第i类项目中所包含的指标个数。In the formula, Y refers to the evaluation score of the necessity of ice monitoring, Y_i and Z_i refer to the evaluation score and weight coefficient of the i-th category index in the project layer, and Y_ij and Z_ij respectively refer to the i-th category item in the index layer The evaluation score and weight coefficient of the j-th indicator, n_i refers to the number of indicators included in the i-th category of items.

S5：根据覆冰监测必要性的整体评价分值情况，判断输电线路覆冰监测必要性。对于覆冰监测必要性的判断按照表16提出的整体评价分值标准进行。S5: According to the overall evaluation scores of the necessity of icing monitoring, determine the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines. The judgment on the necessity of icing monitoring shall be carried out according to the overall evaluation score standard proposed in Table 16.

表16整体评价分值与覆冰监测必要性Table 16 Overall Evaluation Score and Necessity of Icing Monitoring

必要性评价分值YNecessity evaluation score Y安装必要性Installation Necessity0-350-35低Low35-6535-65中middle65-10065-100高high

对500kV南玉II线上的某级杆塔所在区段进行覆冰监测必要性量化评价，根据其所在线路在电网中的重要程度、杆塔融冰抗冰性能、杆塔所在运行环境、历史覆冰故障统计与线路运行维护情况，对覆冰监测必要性评价指标体系中指标层的各类指标进行打分，得分情况如表17所示。Quantitatively evaluate the necessity of icing monitoring on the section where a certain level of tower is located on the 500kV Nanyu II line, based on the importance of the line in the power grid, the ice melting and anti-icing performance of the tower, the operating environment of the tower, and historical icing faults For statistics and line operation and maintenance, various indicators in the index layer of the index system for the evaluation of the necessity of icing monitoring are scored, and the scores are shown in Table 17.

表17指标层中各类评价指标得分情况Table 17 Scores of various evaluation indicators in the index layer

指标层评价指标Index layer evaluation index得分Y_ijScore Y_ij杆塔所在线路的管控级别B₁₁The control level of the line where the tower is located is B₁₁100100覆冰故障损失B₁₂Icing Failure Loss B₁₂6060融冰装置配置B₂₁Ice melting device configuration B₂₁100100杆塔、导线的防冰改造B₂₂Anti-icing modification of towers and wires B₂₂00绝缘子防冰闪措施B₂₃Insulator anti-ice flash measures B₂₃100100覆冰厚度设计B₃₁Icing Thickness Design B₃₁6060杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级B₃₂The icing level of the line section where the tower is located is B₃₂100100杆塔所处地形地貌B₃₃Topography and landform where the tower is located B₃₃7070覆冰故障发生频度B₄₁Icing Fault Occurrence Frequency B₄₁7070线路覆冰厚度统计B₄₂Icing Thickness Statistics of Lines B₄₂100100覆冰故障能见度B₅₁Icing Fault Visibility B₅₁6060设备检修难度B₅₂Equipment Maintenance Difficulty B₅₂7070设备检修成本B₅₃Equipment maintenance cost B₅₃6060

表18项目层各项指标得分情况Table 18 Scores of various indicators at the project level

项目层评价指标Project level evaluation index得分Y_iScore Y_i线路重要程度B₁Line importance B₁8282杆塔融冰抗冰性能B₂Ice melting and anti-icing performance of pole tower B₂6060运行环境B₃Operating environment B₃7979历史覆冰情况B₄Historical icing situation B₄7979线路运行维护B₅Line operation and maintenance B₅6363

将表17的数据代入公式（1）可得项目层各项指标得分Y_i（表18）与覆冰监测必要性的整体评价分值Y=76.4，安装必要性高。根据该条线路的故障统计情况可知该级杆塔所在线路区段曾多次发生覆冰故障，导致冰闪事故并引发多次线路跳闸，亟需安装覆冰监测装置对其覆冰状况进行监测。因此评价结论符合实际需求，该评价方法可为覆冰监测装置的布点规划提供指导。Substituting the data in Table 17 into formula (1), the score Y_i of each index at the project level (Table 18) and the overall evaluation score Y=76.4 of the necessity of icing monitoring are obtained, indicating that the necessity of installation is high. According to the fault statistics of this line, it can be seen that there have been many icing faults in the line section where the tower is located, resulting in ice flash accidents and multiple line trips. It is urgent to install an icing monitoring device to monitor its icing status. Therefore, the evaluation conclusions meet the actual needs, and this evaluation method can provide guidance for the layout planning of ice monitoring devices.

以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并不用于限制本发明，显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：1. A quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines, characterized in that: comprising the following steps:S1：考虑杆塔所在线路在电网中的重要程度、杆塔融冰抗冰性能、杆塔所在运行环境、历史覆冰故障统计和线路运行维护情况，建立包括目标层、项目层和指标层的层次型评价指标体系，所述目标层包括输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标；目标层的输电线路覆冰监测必要性评价指标分解为项目层的5个评价指标，即线路重要程度评价指标、杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标、运行环境评价指标、历史覆冰情况评价指标和线路运行维护评价指标；项目层进一步分解至最后一级指标层；S1: Considering the importance of the line where the tower is located in the power grid, the ice melting and anti-icing performance of the tower, the operating environment of the tower, the statistics of historical icing faults and the operation and maintenance of the line, establish a hierarchical evaluation including the target layer, project layer and index layer Index system, the target layer includes the evaluation index of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring; the evaluation index of the necessity of transmission line icing monitoring at the target layer is decomposed into 5 evaluation indexes of the project layer, namely the line importance evaluation index, the tower ice melting Anti-icing performance evaluation index, operating environment evaluation index, historical icing evaluation index and line operation and maintenance evaluation index; the project layer is further decomposed to the last index layer;S2：针对指标层的各类评价指标制定评分标准，得出各类评价指标的评价分值表；S2: Formulate scoring standards for various evaluation indicators in the index layer, and obtain evaluation score tables for various evaluation indicators;S3：依据项目层与指标层中各类评价指标的重要程度，给出项目层与指标层中每项指标的权重系数；S3: According to the importance of various evaluation indicators in the project layer and index layer, give the weight coefficient of each index in the project layer and index layer;S4：根据指标层中各评价指标的得分情况与权重系数，计算覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，计算公式为S4: According to the scores and weight coefficients of each evaluation index in the index layer, calculate the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, and the calculation formula is$\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{\mathrm{<span><span>5</span>5</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>,</span>,</span>{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\underset{\mathrm{<span><span>j</span>j</span>}<span><span>=</span>=</span>\mathrm{<span><span>1</span>1</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span><span>n</span>no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>i</span>i</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>\&Sigma;</span>\&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Z</span>Z</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}{\mathrm{<span><span>Y</span>Y</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span><span>ij</span>ij</span>}}$式中，Y指覆冰监测必要性的评价分值，Y_i表示项目层中第i类指标的评价分值，Z_i表示项目层中第i类指标的权重系数，Y_ij表示指标层中第i类项目第j个指标的评价分值，Z_ij表示指标层中第i类项目第j个指标的权重系数，n_i指第i类项目中所包含的指标个数；In the formula, Y refers to the evaluation score of the necessity of icing monitoring, Y_i represents the evaluation score of the i-type index in the project layer, Z_i represents the weight coefficient of the i-type index in the project layer, and Y_ij represents the index value in the index layer The evaluation score of the jth indicator of the i-th category project, Z_ij represents the weight coefficient of the j-th indicator of the i-th category item in the index layer, and n_i refers to the number of indicators contained in the i-th category item;S5：根据覆冰监测必要性的评价分值情况，判断输电线路覆冰监测的必要性。S5: According to the evaluation scores of the necessity of icing monitoring, determine the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines.2.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：所述线路重要程度评价指标包括杆塔所处线路的管控级别和覆冰故障损失；根据运维部门针对该条线路的设备风险管控分级情况进行评定，得到杆塔所处线路的管控级别的评价分值表；根据历史故障统计情况、杆塔所处线路的管控级别以及线路周边环境特征，分析该条线路覆冰故障对电网安全、设备功能、周边环境、人员方面的影响，并根据故障损失的程度进行评定，得到覆冰故障损失的评价分值表。2. The quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: said line importance evaluation index includes the control level and icing failure loss of the line where the tower is located; according to the operation and maintenance department Evaluate the equipment risk management and control classification of the line, and obtain the evaluation score table of the control level of the line where the tower is located; analyze the line according to the historical fault statistics, the management and control level of the line where the tower is located, and the surrounding environment characteristics of the line The impact of icing faults on power grid security, equipment function, surrounding environment, and personnel is evaluated according to the degree of fault loss, and the evaluation score table of icing fault loss is obtained.3.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：所述杆塔融冰抗冰性能评价指标包括融冰装置配置、绝缘子防冰闪措施和杆塔、线路防冰改造；根据线路融冰装置的配置情况进行评定，得到融冰装置配置的评价分值表；根据是否针对倒塔、断线事故采取相关的防冰、抗冰措施对杆塔、导线进行改造情况进行评定，得到绝缘子防冰闪措施的评价分值表；根据绝缘子是否采取了防冰闪措施进行评定，得到杆塔、线路防冰改造的评价分值表。3. The quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of monitoring ice coating on transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: said tower ice melting and anti-icing performance evaluation index includes ice melting device configuration, insulator anti-icing flashover measures and towers, lines Anti-icing improvement: evaluate according to the configuration of the line ice-melting device, and obtain the evaluation score table for the configuration of the ice-melting device; according to whether relevant anti-icing and anti-icing measures are taken for tower collapse and line disconnection accidents, the pole tower and conductors are modified The situation is evaluated, and the evaluation score table of the insulator anti-icing flash measures is obtained; according to whether the insulator has adopted anti-icing flash measures, the evaluation score table of the tower and line anti-icing renovation is obtained.4.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：所述运行环境评价指标包括覆冰厚度设计、杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级和杆塔所处地形地貌；根据杆塔所在线路区段覆冰厚度的设计值进行评定，得到覆冰厚度设计的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处线路区段的覆冰等级进行评定，得到杆塔所处区段的覆冰等级的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处地形对线路覆冰程度以及巡检难度的影响进行评定，得到杆塔所处地形地貌的评价分值表。4. The quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of monitoring ice coating on transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the operating environment evaluation index includes the ice coating thickness design, the ice coating level of the section where the tower is located, and the location where the tower is located. Topography; evaluate according to the design value of the ice coating thickness of the line section where the tower is located, and obtain the evaluation score table of the ice coating thickness design; evaluate according to the ice coating level of the line section where the tower is located, and obtain the section where the tower is located The evaluation score table of the icing level; according to the impact of the terrain where the tower is located on the degree of icing and the difficulty of inspection of the line, the evaluation score table of the terrain and landform where the tower is located is obtained.5.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：所述历史覆冰情况评价指标包括覆冰故障发生频度和线路覆冰厚度统计；根据该输电线路故障障碍的统计情况、覆冰故障发生频度来进行评定，得到覆冰故障发生频度的评价分值表；根据输电线路覆冰厚度统计结果并结合杆塔所在线路区段的年最大覆冰厚度进行评定，得到线路覆冰厚度统计的评价分值表。5. The quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring on power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: the historical icing situation evaluation indicators include icing fault occurrence frequency and line icing thickness statistics; according to the transmission line The statistics of line fault obstacles and the frequency of icing faults are used for evaluation, and the evaluation score table for the frequency of icing faults is obtained; according to the statistical results of the icing thickness of transmission lines and combined with the annual maximum icing of the line section where the tower is located The thickness is evaluated, and the evaluation score table of the line ice thickness statistics is obtained.6.根据权利要求1所述的输电线路覆冰监测必要性的量化评价方法，其特征在于：所述线路运行维护评价指标包括故障能见度、设备检修难度和检修成本；根据杆塔所处位置的地形地貌、气象气候、人口密度因素对故障能见度进行评定，得到故障能见度的评价分值表；根据杆塔所处地形地貌、气象气候、杆塔周边交通情况对设备维修难度的影响进行评定，得到设备检修难度的评价分值表；根据检修人员、设备数量、检修时间对检修费用的影响进行评定，得到检修成本的评价分值表。6. The quantitative evaluation method for the necessity of icing monitoring of transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that: said line operation and maintenance evaluation indicators include fault visibility, equipment maintenance difficulty and maintenance cost; Geomorphology, meteorological climate, and population density factors are used to evaluate the fault visibility, and the evaluation score table of fault visibility is obtained; according to the influence of the topography, meteorological climate, and traffic conditions around the tower on the difficulty of equipment maintenance, the difficulty of equipment maintenance is obtained. Evaluation score table; according to the impact of maintenance personnel, equipment quantity and maintenance time on the maintenance cost, the evaluation score table of maintenance cost is obtained.