CN103367837A - Power battery thermal management system based on flat loop heat pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a power battery thermal management system based on flat loop heat pipes. The system is characterized in that: it includes a module upper box, a module lower box and a middle partition board. The middle partition board is arranged between the module upper box and the module lower box, the module lower box is internally provided with at least two battery pack monomer shells, at least over two battery module groups composed of battery monomers connected in series or in parallel are placed in each battery pack monomer shell, wherein each battery monomer is provided with a flat loop heat pipe on the surface, the flat loop heat pipe falls into an evaporation section, a liquid storage chamber, a gas line, a liquid line and a condensation section, the evaporation section is disposed on the battery monomer surface, the condensation section is located in the module upper box, and the liquid storage chamber is arranged over the battery monomer in the module lower box. With the characteristics of large heat dissipating capacity, high heat dissipating efficiency, and simple processing, the power battery thermal management system provided in the invention can efficiently solve the technical problems of high-temperature heat dissipation, low temperature heating thermal preservation and heat recycling in power batteries.

Description

Power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of power battery thermal management system, relate in particular to the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe.

Background technology

Countries in the world are to the pay attention to day by day of the problems such as energy crisis and environmental pollution and correspondingly to the continuous intensification of energy-saving and emission-reduction and environmental protection understanding, and the electrical equipments such as the electric automobile that the dependence electrokinetic cell drives and hybrid vehicle must become the trend of clean energy resource development.Compare other electrical equipment, the electric automobile non-pollutant discharge has more more economically than fuel vehicle, is subject to the attention of many research institutions, electric automobile production firm and battery manufacturers.The power of electric automobile is provided by electrokinetic cell, and it is converted to electric energy by inner complicated chemical reaction with chemical energy, produces simultaneously a large amount of heat energy, and is more for the heat that produces in large scale and the heavy-current discharge process.To outside batteries battery temperature is risen if heat can not in time fall apart, reduce battery performance.The cell body temperature rises to critical value and can cause leakage, smolder and the phenomenon such as venting, and more serious meeting causes the violent combustion explosion of battery, and serious threat is to vehicle performance and personal safety.So the development of electric automobile and application must solve the heat management problems of electrokinetic cell.

Yet battery thermal management generally adopts the air cooling in the market, and this type of cooling is easy but heat-sinking capability and speed are all limited, adopts other types of cooling but seldom.The patent No. is that the Chinese utility model patent of ZL200920055746.7 discloses the power battery device with phase-change material cooling system, and its phase-change material is only by Battery case plate and extraneous heat exchange.The Chinese utility model patent of patent No. ZL200920060473.5 discloses the battery device for electric vehicle that high efficiency and heat radiation is arranged, but its processing and fabricating is cumbersome.Publication number CN201646430U discloses a kind of Vehicular battery radiating module, heat production mechanism when the module radiating device runner design does not consider that electrokinetic cell discharges and recharges, and radiating effect is preferential, and reckons without the recycling of heat.Publication number CN201421869 discloses a kind of battery heat dissipation device that comprises radiator, thermoelectric element and heat pipe, owing to contacting with host rack, used heat pipe in this device inserted mode cause thermal resistance larger, and heat-sinking capability is preferential, does not consider that equally battery heat production characteristic and heat are recycling.Publication number CN102157761A discloses a kind of power battery management system that utilizes pulsating heat pipe that comprises, this system radiating ability is preferential, and considered that battery heat production characteristic and heat are recycling, but the heat-sinking capability of pulsating heat pipe and radiating rate all are not so good as flat-plate heat pipe.

Summary of the invention

By Given this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe, it is large compared with prior art to have heat dissipation capacity, radiating efficiency is high, processing is simple, can solve efficiently the heat radiation of electrokinetic cell high temperature, low-temperature heat insulation and the recycling technical problem of heat.

To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:

A kind of power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe, it is characterized in that: comprise the module upper box, module lower box and central dividing plate, central dividing plate is located between module upper box and the module lower box, in the module lower box, be provided with at least two batteries monomer housings, be placed with in each batteries monomer housing more than at least two by battery cell series winding or the group of battery modules that consists of in parallel, the surface of described every battery cell is provided with flat dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe, described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe is divided into evaporation section, fluid reservoir, the gas line, liquidus and condensation segment, described evaporation section is located at the battery cell surface, described condensation segment is positioned at the module upper box, and described fluid reservoir is located at battery cell top in the module lower box.

As preferably, the fluid reservoir section of described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe is provided with implementation of port.

As preferably, the capillary wicking surface has vertical steam conduit at the both direction that contacts with the battery face in the described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe vaporization chamber.

As preferably, the core of the capillary wick in the described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe evaporation section is metal powder sintered plate, woven wire, metal foam or metallic fiber sintered felt.

As preferably, the inner bottom part of described module lower box is provided with the projection of self-contained battery monomer.

As preferably, described evaporation section is bonding by heat-conductive bonding agent and battery cell surface.

As preferably, described module upper box plate is porous flat plate or solid seal plate.

As preferably, be filled with the liquid or solid phase-change material in described module upper box and the module lower box, the liquid or solid phase-change material in the lower box can not flood the battery cell top.

As preferably, all plates of described module upper box and module lower box are the solid flat board of sealing; Described module upper box offers fluid intake and fluid issuing.When being filled with the liquid or solid phase-change material in the module upper box, the central dividing plate of modular tank and this province of modular tank are the solid flat board of sealing, and described module upper box offers fluid intake and fluid issuing.

As preferably, be provided with scale copper between described battery cell and the dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe.Described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe is made by high heat-conducting copper material or light high heat conducting aluminium.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The present invention is by the ingenious combination of dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe and battery, the battery heat is delivered in the environment outside the battery body by dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe etc. goes, its middle plateform loop circuit heat pipe is according to the heat production appropriate design of battery, it is large to have heat dissipation capacity, the radiating efficiency advantages of higher can solve the variety of issues such as electrokinetic cell high temperature heat radiation, low-temperature heat insulation and heat be recycling efficiently.

It is that solid or liquid etc. are selected the processing and fabricatings such as solid flat board or porous flat plate that modular tank of the present invention can be filled according to inside, and simultaneously, the convex shoulder of modular tank bottom etc. can form with the modular tank monoblock cast, and the fastening battery of anxious energy is simple in structure again.Group of battery modules integral heat sink function can be complementary with the car load design.

Group of battery modules of the present invention, can under hot environment, dispel the heat, possess simultaneously heating battery and maintenance steady temperature in the low temperature environment, make each battery cell reach optimum working temperature, and the heat that produces in battery being discharged again by appropriate design in low temperature environment is used in the vehicle cabin, is the compartment heating.

The present invention has efficiently, energy-saving and environmental protection, simple in structure, cost is low, easy for installation, stable and reliable, the advantages such as functional diversities.Need not external force or need not under additional battery power consumption, the various charge status, electrokinetic cell is carried out the High Efficiency Thermal management, comprise heat radiation, heating, working temperature control, recycling residual heat etc., be applicable to the electrical equipment that various dependence electrokinetic cells drive, have wide market prospects.

Other advantages of the present invention, target and feature will be set forth to a certain extent in the following description, and to a certain extent, based on being apparent to those skilled in the art to investigating hereinafter, perhaps can obtain from the practice of the present invention instruction.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain by specifically noted structure in following specification or the accompanying drawing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;

The plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 2 Fig. 1 lower box;

Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention when adopting the porous flat plate top cover of box;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of batteries monomer housing of the present invention and group of battery modules;

Fig. 5 is the dull and stereotyped loop heat pipe structure schematic diagram of battery cell of the present invention surface placement;

Fig. 6 is the dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe evaporation structure of the present invention schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe two kinds of structural representations in addition of battery cell of the present invention surface placement;

Fig. 8 is module upper box structure schematic top plan view of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is that the present invention is for the dull and stereotyped loop heat pipe structure schematic diagram of large scale battery monomer surface placement.

Embodiment

Below by specific embodiment, and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

As shown in Figure 1, native system need not in the situation of extra power, and the transfer of heat that battery cell is produced by dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 is carried out efficient heat management to battery in the cell module outer portion environment.Native system comprises module lower box 4, moduleupper box 6, modular tank central dividing plate 2, in module lower box 4, be placed with at least two batteries monomer housings 8, be placed with the group of battery modules that is made of battery cell 1 series winding or parallel connection more than at least two in each batteries monomer housing 8, the surface distributed of every battery cell 1 has plate dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe 3.As shown in Figure 5, dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 is divided intoevaporation section 10, condensation segment 9,gas line 13,liquidus 12 and fluid reservoir 11,evaporation section 10 is located at battery list 1 surface, fit with battery cell 1 surface, condensation segment 9 is positioned at moduleupper box 6, fluid reservoir 11 is positioned at battery cell 1 top, and the core of capillary wick can be metal porous core, woven wire or filament in the described evaporation section.

As shown in Figure 1, the inner bottom part of module lower box 4 is provided withprojection 5, plays the effect of fastening group of battery modules.Thisprojection 5 can be that a monoblock cast forms with modular tank 4, also is separable into different bulks, according to size specific design and the installation of module lower box 4 integral body.Battery cell 1 can adopt all types such as lead-acid battery, Ni-MH battery, lithium ion battery that battery and the electrokinetic cell of heat generation are arranged in charge and discharge process; 8 fixing and clamping actions of batteries monomer housing.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, have implementation of port 17 on the fluid reservoir 11 of described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe 3.Capillary wick in dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3evaporation sections 10 haslongitudinal channels 16 in two thermal interface directions, makes things convenient for the output of steam.As shown in Figure 6, the profile of evaporation section can be designed as flat board-square structure 15 or flat board-oval structure 14.

Such as Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 4, describedevaporation section 10 directly contacts battery cell 1 surface, and is bonding with battery cell 1 surface by fill the heat-conductive bonding agent 7 with high thermal conductivity coefficient in the contact site.Heat-conductive bonding agent 7 plays fixed flat planar loopcircuit heat pipe 3 and increases battery cell 1 and dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 contacts area.Heat-conductive bonding agent 7 with high thermal conductivity coefficient comprises customary insulation and nonisulated heat-conductive bonding agent and adds the various rank particles of metal nano level micron order or the powder such as copper nanoparticles at these heat-conductive bonding agents; or add carbon nano-tube, graphite etc. nonmetal to be the various rank particles of high heat conducting nano level micron order or powder, to be prepared into the heat-conductive bonding agent with high thermal conductivity coefficient.

As shown in Figure 1, can in moduleupper box 6, be filled with the liquid or solid phase-change material, comprise: water and wherein disastrously assorted microcapsules, the liquid of nano capsule phase change material, paste materials, and paraffin, based on the phase-change materials such as various solid-liquids of paraffin; By each class I liquid I or the heat absorption of all kinds of phase-change material in the 6 interior fillings of module upper box, under battery cell 1 various charge status, keep its suitable temperature range.Be filled with the liquid or solid phase-change material in the module lower box 4, by its heat absorption and heat transfer, make the temperature on battery cell 1 surface even, heating and insulation that simultaneously can be at low temperatures.

Condensation segment 9 designs are in the module upper box.Rely on horizontal heat pipe condenser section 9, the enhance heat of plunderring of car gas when advancing.As shown in Figure 3, the plate of moduleupper box 6 is porous flat plate.But can adopt solid seal plate according to technological requirement.As shown in Figure 8, when being filled with fluent material in the moduleupper box 6, moduleupper box 6 itself is the solid flat board of sealing, can be byfluid intake 20 and fluid issuing 19 are set at moduleupper box 6, and by Fluid Flow in A, augmentation of heat transfer.Theevaporation section 10 of dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 directly contact with each class I liquid I or all kinds of phase-change material contacts the heat of battery generation recyclingly, comprises for the HVAC in electric automobile or the hybrid vehicle compartment, cogeneration etc.Namely selecting solid flat board or porous flat plate to choose with design according to the native system specific requirement decides.When adopting solid flat board, be used for the battery recycling residual heat; When adopting porous flat plate, in conjunction with group of battery modules installation site in electrical equipment, be used for relying on various fluids to accelerate the heat management system of heat radiation; If namely modular tank and modular tank central dividing plate form by solid flat sheet combination, be applicable to the environment that various heat dissipation environments are especially had relatively high expectations to heat radiation.

As shown in Figure 8, moduleupper box 6 arrangesfluid intake 20 and fluid issuing 19, byfluid intake 20 and fluid issuing 19, the heat that condensation segment discharges is derived, and dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe condensation segment can be arranged on the position away from each electrokinetic cell.Dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 is made by high heat-conducting copper material or light high heat conducting aluminium.The condensation segment 9 of dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 can be designed to multiple geometry to adapt to different heat radiation requirements, and manifold structure as shown in Figure 7 has the augmentation of heat transfer effect, embeds further augmentation of heat transfer of fin 18 on condensation segment 9 manifold surfaces.

During battery charging and discharging, theevaporation section 10 of dull and stereotyped loopcircuit heat pipe 3 absorbs the heat that battery produces, by condensation segment 9 heat is emitted, when casing central dividing plate 2 and moduleupper box 6 and module lower box 4 are porous flat plate and form, utilize that the air of electric automobile in advancing is horizontalplunders condensation segment 10 accelerated heat transmission.In hot environment, its heat can be used for the cogeneration midget plant; In low temperature environment, it is the carriage of electric automobile heating that its heat can be used as the auxiliary heating measure.

As shown in Figure 9, for large-sized battery cell 1 loopcircuit heat pipe 3 that distributes side by side on battery cell 1 surface, thescale copper 21 that pastes a high heat conduction between them improves the Temperature Distribution on battery cell 1 surface.The heat-conductive bonding agent 7 with high thermal conductivity coefficient is filled in the contact site between battery cell 1 andcopper sheet 21 andcopper sheet 21 and the loop circuit heat pipe.

Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, other modifications that those of ordinary skills make technical scheme of the present invention or be equal to replacement, only otherwise break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe, it is characterized in that: comprise the module upper box, module lower box and central dividing plate, central dividing plate is located between module upper box and the module lower box, in the module lower box, be provided with at least two batteries monomer housings, be placed with in each batteries monomer housing more than at least two by battery cell series winding or the group of battery modules that consists of in parallel, the surface of described every battery cell is provided with flat dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe, described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe is divided into evaporation section, fluid reservoir, the gas line, liquidus and condensation segment, described evaporation section is located at the battery cell surface, described condensation segment is positioned at the module upper box, and described fluid reservoir is located at battery cell top in the module lower box.

2. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fluid reservoir section of described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe is provided with implementation of port.

3. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the capillary wicking surface has vertical steam conduit at the both direction that contacts with the battery face in the described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe evaporation section.

4. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the core of the capillary wick in the described dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe evaporation section is metal powder sintered plate, woven wire, metal foam or metallic fiber sintered felt.

5. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inner bottom part of described module lower box is provided with the projection of self-contained battery monomer.

6. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described evaporation section is bonding by heat-conductive bonding agent and battery cell surface.

7. each described power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe in 7 according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described module upper box plate is porous flat plate or solid seal plate.

8. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: be filled with the liquid or solid phase-change material in described module upper box and the module lower box, the liquid or solid phase-change material in the lower box can not flood the battery cell top.

9. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: all plates of described module upper box and module lower box are the solid flat board of sealing; Described module upper box offers fluid intake and fluid issuing.

10. the power battery thermal management system based on dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with scale copper between described battery cell and the dull and stereotyped loop circuit heat pipe.

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