技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于X射线管的电子发射体，该电子发射体由扁平的、通电的用于热电子发射的导体构成。本发明还涉及一种具有这种电子发射体的X射线管。The invention relates to an electron emitter for an X-ray tube, which consists of a flat, energized conductor for thermionic emission. The invention also relates to an X-ray tube having such an electron emitter.
背景技术Background technique
为了在X射线管中热电子发射例如从DE2727907C2中已知使用所谓的扁平发射器，该扁平发射器由交替地设有彼此对置侧交替引入的凹口的、高熔点材料制成的板条组成，因此，以这种方式形成的通电带状导线具有回形的结构。这种从现有技术中已知的电子发射体部在图1和2中以俯视图或纵剖面的形式表示。引入一般由钨W组成的厚度d的薄板条2中的凹口或缺口4在此是矩形的并且宽度a约为十微米至几百微米。缺口4之间的距离在此设计为，与通过缺口形成的带状导线6的材料、厚度d和宽度b有关的电阻足够高以便通过在预定电压下流动的电流这样地提高温度，使得发生热电子发射。For thermionic emission in X-ray tubes it is known, for example, from DE 27 27 907 C2 to use so-called flat emitters, which are made of strips of refractory material alternately provided with recesses introduced alternately on opposite sides Composition, therefore, of an energized strip conductor formed in this way has a meander-shaped structure. Such electron emitter sections known from the prior art are shown in plan view or in longitudinal section in FIGS. 1 and 2 . The recesses or indentations 4 introduced into the thin strip 2 of thickness d, generally composed of tungsten W, are here rectangular and have a width a of approximately ten to several hundred micrometers. The distance between the notches 4 is designed so that the electrical resistance related to the material, the thickness d and the width b of the conductor track 6 formed by the notches is high enough to increase the temperature by an electric current flowing at a predetermined voltage in such a way that heat is generated. electron emission.
但这种电子发射体通过加热和冷却阶段热负荷高，因此它在较短的寿命之后必须更换。However, this electron emitter has a high thermal load through the heating and cooling phases, so it must be replaced after a short service life.
发明内容Contents of the invention
因此，本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于X射线管的电子发射器，该电子发射器由扁平的用于热电子发射的通电导体构成，该导体的寿命提高并且必须与之相应地更少地更换。此外，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有这种电子发射体的X射线管。The technical problem underlying the present invention is therefore to provide an electron emitter for an X-ray tube, which consists of a flat current-carrying conductor for thermionic emission, which conductor has an increased lifetime and must be connected to Correspondingly fewer replacements. Furthermore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an X-ray tube with such an electron emitter.
就电子发射体而言，本发明的技术问题通过一种用于X射线管的电子发射体解决。按本发明，电子发射器包括扁平的通电导体，该导体具有V形的曲折结构。换句话说，引入带状导线的缺口或凹口具有V形结构，并且朝用于制造该导体的板条的边缘扩宽。With regard to the electron emitter, the technical problem of the invention is solved by an electron emitter for an X-ray tube. According to the invention, the electron emitter comprises a flat current-carrying conductor which has a V-shaped meander. In other words, the notch or notch into which the conductor track is introduced has a V-shaped configuration and widens towards the edge of the strip from which the conductor is made.
通过该结构可以在相同的外部尺寸时产生自由电子的粒子流，在实践中该粒子流与由现有技术已知的电子发射体产生的粒子流一样大，其中，同时明显提高了寿命。This structure can generate a particle flow of free electrons with the same outer dimensions, which is practically as large as the particle flow produced by electron emitters known from the prior art, wherein at the same time the lifetime is significantly increased.
本发明在此基于如下认识，由于在曲折相邻的带状导线中取决于在加热或冷却时获得的长度延长或缩短会形成短路，所以导致由现有技术已知的电子发射体寿命短。通过按本发明提供的V形缺口形成在带状导线之间朝侧边缘越来越大的距离或间隙，该距离或间隙明显降低出现在外边缘上的带状导线之间短路的风险。此处在实践中，当直至边缘少许扩宽几十微米，并且其他尺寸保持相同时已获得提高九倍的寿命。此外显示出，在实践中电子的发射断面不受该V形的曲折结构影响，因为凹口的边缘区域在实践中不会有助于电流输送并因此电子发射。The invention is based here on the realization that the electron emitters known from the prior art have a short lifetime due to the formation of short circuits in meandering adjacent conductor tracks depending on the lengthening or shortening achieved during heating or cooling. The V-shaped notch provided according to the invention creates an increasing distance or gap between the conductor tracks towards the side edges, which significantly reduces the risk of short circuits occurring between the conductor tracks at the outer edges. Here in practice a nine-fold increase in lifetime has been obtained when a slight widening of tens of micrometers up to the edge and other dimensions remain the same. It has also been shown that in practice the emission profile of the electrons is not affected by the V-shaped meander, since the edge regions of the cutouts do not contribute to the current transport and thus the electron emission in practice.
在本申请中使用的概念“V形”在此理解为与“V”相似的结构。因此“V”臂不必直线延伸，也不必在顶点中重合。主要特征是，缺口朝侧边缘扩宽。The concept "V-shape" used in this application is understood here as a structure similar to "V". Thus the "V" arms do not have to run in a straight line, nor do they have to coincide in the apex. The main feature is that the notch widens towards the side edges.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明上述的特性、特征和优点以及如何实现它们的方式和方法结合结合下列实施例与附图相关的说明更清楚和明确。The above-mentioned characteristics, features and advantages of the present invention and how to realize them will be more clear and specific in conjunction with the descriptions related to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
对于本发明其他的说明参照附图描述的实施例。附图中：For a further description of the invention, reference is made to the exemplary embodiments described in the drawings. In the attached picture:
图1和图2是现有技术中已知的电子发射器的局部俯视图和纵截面。1 and 2 are partial top views and longitudinal sections of electron emitters known in the prior art.
图3是按本发明的X射线管的原理图，Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an X-ray tube according to the present invention,
图4和图5是按本发明的电子发射体简略的局部俯视图和纵截面。4 and 5 are schematic partial plan views and longitudinal sections of an electron emitter according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
按图3，X射线管10包括壳体12，在该壳体12中设有彼此对置的阳极14和电子发射体16。在阳极14与电子发射体16之间存在一个高压，通过该高压使从电子发射体中射出的电子朝阳极14加速并且在该X射线中产生γ射线，此γ射线通过位于壳体12中的窗口18排出。According to FIG. 3 , the x-ray tube 10 comprises a housing 12 in which an anode 14 and an electron emitter 16 are arranged opposite one another. Between the anode 14 and the electron emitter 16 there is a high voltage, by which electrons emitted from the electron emitter are accelerated towards the anode 14 and gamma rays are generated in the X-rays, which pass through the Window 18 is vented.
图4和图5示出按本发明的X射线发射器的放大图。X射线发射器包括扁平的、通电的导体20，该导体的带状导线22具有V形的曲折结构。该曲折结构通过V形的凹口或缺口24产生，该凹口或缺口24起始于边缘26通过用激光或线切割微加工引入板条中并且朝板条的边缘26扩宽。缺口24与之相应地这样成型，使得其在边缘26上的宽度a1大于在缺口内部基底上的宽度。例如，a1与a2之间的差为几十微米。带状导线22相邻的臂28在此通过直线地在臂28之间延伸的基底30相互连接。在图4和5所示的优选的实施形式中，还提供V形缺口24直线延伸的臂和带状导线22的臂28直线延伸的侧边。4 and 5 show enlarged views of an x-ray emitter according to the invention. The x-ray emitter comprises a flat, current-carrying conductor 20 whose conductor track 22 has a V-shaped meander. The meander is produced by a V-shaped notch or indentation 24 which starts at the edge 26 and is introduced into the strip by micromachining with laser or wire cutting and widens towards the edge 26 of the strip. The cutout 24 is correspondingly shaped such that its width a1 at the edge 26 is greater than at the inner base of the cutout. For example, the difference between a1 and a2 is several tens of micrometers. The adjacent arms 28 of the conductor track 22 are connected to each other here by a base 30 extending linearly between the arms 28 . In the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the rectilinear arms of the V-shaped recess 24 and the rectilinear sides of the arms 28 of the conductor track 22 are also provided.
在该图的实施例中，还设有两个并排布置的这样的带状导线22，该带状导线22同样可以通过微加工由唯一一个板条制成。In the exemplary embodiment shown in the figure, two such conductor tracks 22 are also arranged next to each other, which can also be produced by micromachining from a single strip.
虽然详细地通过优选的实施例进一步说明并且描述了本发明，但本发明并不局限于公开的实施例，并且本领域技术人员可以从中推导出其他的变型，只要不超出本发明的保护范围即可。Although the present invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other variants therefrom, as long as they do not exceed the protection scope of the present invention. Can.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012205715.3 | 2012-04-05 | ||
| DE102012205715.3ADE102012205715B4 (en) | 2012-04-05 | 2012-04-05 | Electron emitter for an X-ray tube and X-ray tube with such an electron emitter |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103367082A CN103367082A (en) | 2013-10-23 |
| CN103367082Btrue CN103367082B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310116778.4AActiveCN103367082B (en) | 2012-04-05 | 2013-04-07 | The electron emitter of X-ray tube and the X-ray tube with this electron emitter |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103367082B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102012205715B4 (en) |
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| CN105849851B (en)* | 2013-10-29 | 2017-10-24 | 万睿视影像有限公司 | X-ray tube with flat emitter with adjustable emission characteristics and magnetic steering and focusing |
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| US6646366B2 (en)* | 2001-07-24 | 2003-11-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Directly heated thermionic flat emitter |
| CN101443876A (en)* | 2006-05-11 | 2009-05-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Emitter design including emergency operation mode in case of emitter-damage for medical x-ray application |
| CN101779265A (en)* | 2007-07-24 | 2010-07-14 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Thermionic electron emitter, method for preparing same and x-ray source including same |
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| DE2727907A1 (en) | 1977-06-21 | 1979-01-18 | Siemens Ag | X-ray tube glow cathode |
| US7924983B2 (en)* | 2008-06-30 | 2011-04-12 | Varian Medical Systems, Inc. | Thermionic emitter designed to control electron beam current profile in two dimensions |
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3788721A (en)* | 1970-12-15 | 1974-01-29 | Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd | Electrically conductive components |
| US6646366B2 (en)* | 2001-07-24 | 2003-11-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Directly heated thermionic flat emitter |
| CN101443876A (en)* | 2006-05-11 | 2009-05-27 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Emitter design including emergency operation mode in case of emitter-damage for medical x-ray application |
| CN101779265A (en)* | 2007-07-24 | 2010-07-14 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Thermionic electron emitter, method for preparing same and x-ray source including same |
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102012205715B4 (en) | 2024-11-28 |
| DE102012205715A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 |
| CN103367082A (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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